1
|
Xiang J, Wu M, Wang J, Lin M, Sun M, Li X, Xing R, Guo R, Gu J, Lyu T, Wang L, Shi X. Pharmacokinetics, bioavailability, and plasma protein binding study of glytrexate, a novel multitarget antifolate. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:1001308. [PMID: 36267288 PMCID: PMC9577195 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.1001308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Glytrexate, developed by our team, as a novel multitarget folate antagonist, has inhibitory effects on a variety of cancer cell types, especially KB tumor cells (IC50 0.078 nM), and thus has antitumor drug development prospects. However, its pharmacokinetics and plasma protein binding properties remain unknown. In this study a selective and sensitive liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC‒MS/MS) method was developed and verified to facilitate biological analysis. The bioanalysis method was applied to evaluate the stability, plasma protein binding, and pharmacokinetics of glytrexate. Glytrexate is more stable in human plasma than in rat plasma and in human liver microsomes. The binding of glytrexate to human plasma proteins was higher than that to rat plasma proteins, both of which were less than 30%, suggesting that glytrexate may be at a higher concentration at the pharmacologic target receptor(s) in tissues. Pharmacokinetic characteristics were determined by noncompartmental analysis after administration of single oral (12.5, 25 and 50 mg/kg) and intravenous (2 mg/kg) doses in rats. According to the rat oral pharmacokinetic characteristics, glytrexate had linear dynamics in a dose range of 12.5–50 mg/kg and a poor oral bioavailability of 0.57–1.15%. The investigation revealed that the intravenous half-life, AUC, and Cmax of glytrexate were higher than those of pemetrexed. Pemetrexed is generally produced as an injection preparation. This provides ideas for the development of glytrexate formulations. Therefore, glytrexate injection has clinical application prospects compared to oral administration. This study provides a basis for further investigations into the pharmacological effects and clinical uses of glytrexate.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiahong Xiang
- Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Research and Evaluation in Hebei Province, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Mengqi Wu
- Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Research and Evaluation in Hebei Province, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Jianchao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Research and Evaluation in Hebei Province, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Mengmeng Lin
- Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Research and Evaluation in Hebei Province, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Mengmeng Sun
- Department of General Practice, The Second Hospital, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Xin Li
- Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Research and Evaluation in Hebei Province, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Ruijuan Xing
- Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Research and Evaluation in Hebei Province, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Ran Guo
- Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Research and Evaluation in Hebei Province, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Jianmin Gu
- Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Research and Evaluation in Hebei Province, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Tao Lyu
- Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Research and Evaluation in Hebei Province, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Research and Evaluation in Hebei Province, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
- *Correspondence: Xiaowei Shi, ; Lei Wang,
| | - Xiaowei Shi
- Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Research and Evaluation in Hebei Province, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
- *Correspondence: Xiaowei Shi, ; Lei Wang,
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Shaikh K, Mungantiwar A, Halde S, Pandita N. Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method for determination of free and total dabigatran in human plasma and its application to a pharmacokinetic study. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2022; 47:1835-1846. [PMID: 35452338 DOI: 10.1080/03639045.2022.2069257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
A high performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometric method for the determination of free and total dabigatran in human plasma has been developed and validated using stable labeled internal standard (IS) as dabigatran D4. The extraction of analyte and IS was accomplished by solid phase extraction technique. Chromatographic separations were achieved using Peerless basic C8 (150 x 4.6) mm, 5µ column eluted at flow rate of 1 mL/min with mobile phase Acetonitrile: 5 mM ammonium formate: Methanol and 0.2% formic acid (30:20:50, v/v/v). The run time of method was about 2.5 min with elution times of dabigatran and dabigatran D4 at around 1.2 min. The multiple reaction monitoring transitions (Q1/Q3) were set at 472/289, 172 (m/z) for dabigatran and 476/293 (m/z) for dabigatran D4. The calibration curves were linear (r2 ≥0.99) over the range of 1.04 - 406.49 ng/mL.The presented method was successfully employed in analysis of pharmacokinetic studies with an added advantage of demonstrating the effect of co-administration of dabigatran with the proton pump inhibitor pantoprazole on bioavailability and pharmacokinetic characteristics. Re-analysis of incurred sample resulted with >98% compliance indicating good assay precision of target analytes.Re-analysis of incurred sample resulted with >98% compliance which indicated good assay precision of target analytes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Khurshid Shaikh
- Department of Bioequivalence, Research & Development Centre, Macleods Pharmaceuticals Limited, Mumbai, India.,Department of Chemistry, Sunandan Divatia School of Science, NMIMS University, Mumbai, India
| | - Ashish Mungantiwar
- Department of Bioequivalence, Research & Development Centre, Macleods Pharmaceuticals Limited, Mumbai, India
| | - Supriya Halde
- Department of Bioequivalence, Research & Development Centre, Macleods Pharmaceuticals Limited, Mumbai, India
| | - Nancy Pandita
- Department of Chemistry, Sunandan Divatia School of Science, NMIMS University, Mumbai, India
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Abd Allah FI, Ali Almrasy A, Abdelhmaid A, Abd-Elmegid OA, Alkashlan A, El-Attar AAMM. Development and Validation of UPLC-MS/MS Method for Quantifying of Free and Total Dabigatran in Human Plasma: An Application for a Bioequivalence Study. Biomed Chromatogr 2022; 36:e5382. [PMID: 35389511 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.5382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2021] [Revised: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Dabigatran etexilate mesylate (DABE), a prodrug, quickly changes in our bodies after its oral administration into dabigatran (DAB). Accordingly, detecting DABE in plasma is practically unmanageable. A UPLC-MS/MS technique was developed and validated to compute free DAB in participants. For the first time, the central composite design- a type of response surface methodology- was utilized for optimizing variables affecting the cleavage of glucuronide bond. Additionally, the pharmacokinetic parameters of generic medication (okanadab) were determined, and the obtained outcomes were compared to those of branded drug (pradaxa®). The sample preparation was done using methanol as a protein precipitant and the separation was achieved via ACQUITY UPLC BEH C18 column (2.1x50mm, 1.7μm). The elution was isocratically conducted using 10mM ammonium formate: methanol (72:28, v/v) as a mobile phase (MP) and the flow rate was 0.25mL/min. Multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) and positive electrospray ionization (ESI) were used. The determination was performed within 1min, and the calibration growth curve was established over a range of (1.19 - 475) ng/mL using dabigatran-d3 as a tagged internal standard (IS). Bioequivalence research was validated following FDA guidelines for bio-analytical procedures and acceptable outcomes were achieved. The outcomes for okanadab and pradaxa® did not differ significantly.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fathy Ibrahim Abd Allah
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt.,International Center for Bioavailability, Pharmaceutical, and Clinical Research
| | - Ahmed Ali Almrasy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo11751, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Abdelhmaid
- International Center for Bioavailability, Pharmaceutical, and Clinical Research
| | - Osama A Abd-Elmegid
- International Center for Bioavailability, Pharmaceutical, and Clinical Research
| | - Akram Alkashlan
- International Center for Bioavailability, Pharmaceutical, and Clinical Research
| | - Abdul-Aziz M M El-Attar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo11751, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Dabigatran Acylglucuronide, the Major Metabolite of Dabigatran, Shows a Weaker Anticoagulant Effect than Dabigatran. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14020257. [PMID: 35213990 PMCID: PMC8875894 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14020257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Revised: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Dabigatran (DAB) is an orally administered thrombin inhibitor. Both DAB and its main metabolite dabigatran acylglucuronide (DABG) have established anticoagulant effects. Here, we aimed to compare the relative anticoagulant effects of DABG and DAB in humans. Anticoagulant effects of DAB and DABG were measured in vitro using a thrombin generation assay. Additionally, their effects on other coagulation assays including PT, aPTT, TT, and fibrinogen were compared. Both DAB and DABG showed inhibitory effects on thrombin generation in a dose-dependent manner, but DABG exhibited a weaker inhibitory effect than that of DAB. The IC50 values of DAB and DABG on thrombin generation AUC were 134.1 ng/mL and 281.9 ng/mL, respectively. DABG also exhibited weaker anticoagulant effects than DAB on PT, aPTT, and TT. The results of the present study indicate that the anticoagulant effect of DABG, a main active DAB metabolite, is weaker than that of DAB.
Collapse
|
5
|
Determination of Dabigatran Concentration in Human Plasma and Breast Milk. Int J Anal Chem 2021; 2021:5949385. [PMID: 34721581 PMCID: PMC8556115 DOI: 10.1155/2021/5949385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Revised: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 09/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is an important cause of death following childbirth. Dabigatran etexilate can be a useful prophylaxis in susceptible women during the postpartum period. However, it is not clear whether dabigatran is excreted into breast milk in amounts which can be harmful to the suckling baby. We have developed an accurate, sensitive, and specific assay for the quantitation of dabigatran in both human plasma and breast milk. This is particularly useful for the determination of the extent by which dabigatran is secreted into breast milk in relation to its systemic availability. Dabigatran was enriched from both matrices using solid-phase extraction prior to separation on a C8-RPLC column and detection using SRM on a QqTrap mass spectrometer. The assay was validated for specificity, sensitivity, linearity, precision, accuracy, and stability of the analyte in human plasma and breast milk. The lower limit of detection for dabigatran was 20 pg/ml in plasma and 75 pg/ml in breast milk. This assay will aid future studies for the measurement of dabigatran concentrations in human breast milk to help determine if dabigatran etexilate can safely be administered to breast-feeding women.
Collapse
|
6
|
Zhang YF, Liu XQ, Wang Y, Xu X, Zhong MK, Zhang P, Ma CL. Development and validation of an ultra-high performance liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry method for the simultaneous quantification of direct oral anticoagulants in human plasma. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2021; 1182:122952. [PMID: 34598085 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2021.122952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Revised: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 09/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Direct oral anticoagulants are widely used to treat and prevent thromboembolic disorders. With rising clinical application, monitoring concentrations of direct oral anticoagulants are necessary in certain clinical conditions. A rapid and sensitive ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method was developed for the simultaneous determination of dabigatran etexilate, dabigatran, rivaroxaban, edoxaban, and apixaban, in human plasma. Protein precipitation with methanol was performed for sample preparation. The direct oral anticoagulants and internal standards were separated under gradient conditions using a C18 column, at an analytical run time of 8 min. The mobile phase was composed of 0.1% (v/v) formic acid in water (solvent A) and 0.1% (v/v) formic acid in acetonitrile (solvent B) at a flow rate of 0.3 mL/min. Mass detection was performed in multiple reaction monitoring using positive ionization mode. The method was validated over a range of 1.0-500 ng/mL for dabigatran etexilate, 0.1-500 ng/mL for dabigatran, and 0.5-500 ng/mL for edoxaban, rivaroxaban, and apixaban. The method detection limits of five analytes were in the range of 0.05-0.5 ng/mL. The lower limits of quantification of five analytes ranged from 0.1 to 1 ng/mL. The linearity (r2 values) was higher than 0.997. The accuracy of the low, medium, and high quality control samples were between 85.9 and 114%, and intra- and inter-day precision were below 9.47%. This validated method was successfully used to determine the plasma concentrations of rivaroxaban in 32 patients, and of dabigatran etexilate and dabigatran in 1 patient.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Fei Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, PR China.
| | - Xiao-Qin Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, PR China.
| | - Yang Wang
- Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, PR China
| | - Xin Xu
- Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, PR China
| | - Ming-Kang Zhong
- Department of Pharmacy, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, PR China
| | - Pu Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, PR China.
| | - Chun-Lai Ma
- Department of Pharmacy, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Maier V, Slavík L, Ondra P. A synergy of liquid chromatography with high-resolution mass spectrometry and coagulation test for determination of direct oral anticoagulants for clinical and toxicological purposes. Biomed Chromatogr 2021; 35:e5195. [PMID: 34109658 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.5195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2021] [Revised: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Direct oral anticoagulants are an alternative to anticoagulants based on vitamin K antagonists. Monitoring of direct oral anticoagulant concentration levels is necessary in specific cases (e.g. in emergency conditions, for determination of the cause of bleeding, adverse effects, risk of drug-direct oral anticoagulants interaction); therefore, a sensitive and specific method is needed. A methanol protein precipitation method followed by liquid chromatography with high-resolution mass spectrometry was developed for simultaneous separation and determination of apixaban, betrixaban, edoxaban, dabigatran, rivaroxaban and ximelagatran. The proposed method was fully validated in terms of linearity, the limits of detection and quantification, intra- and inter-day trueness and precision, recovery, matrix effect, process efficiency and stability. The method shows a strong correlation (Pearson's correlation coefficients > 0.92) with coagulation assays of apixaban, dabigatran and rivaroxaban (dilute thrombin time for gatrans and anti Xa factor (anti-Xa) activity for xabans). In addition, the developed method was applied for the identification and determination of apixaban and dabigatran in post-mortem serum samples. The developed method is a good alternative to coagulation tests which may show various interferences.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vítězslav Maier
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Medical Law, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacký University Olomouc and University Hospital Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Luděk Slavík
- Department of Hemato-Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacký University Olomouc and University Hospital Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Peter Ondra
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Medical Law, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacký University Olomouc and University Hospital Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Park IH, Park JW, Chung H, Kim JM, Lee S, Kim KA, Park JY. Development and validation of LC-MS/MS method for simultaneous determination of dabigatran etexilate and its active metabolites in human plasma, and its application in a pharmacokinetic study. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2021; 203:114220. [PMID: 34175734 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2021.114220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Revised: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Dabigatran is a direct thrombin inhibitor widely used for preventing various thrombotic events. Although there are several established LC-MS/MS based methods for quantification of plasma dabigatran etexilate and its active metabolites (dabigatran and dabigatran acylglucuronide), so far, there are no studies for simultaneous quantification of dabigatran etexilate, dabigatran, and dabigatran acylglucuronide in human plasma samples. In the present study, a novel and sensitive liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method was developed and validated for assessment of dabigatran pharmacokinetics in human plasma samples according to FDA guidelines. We used the new method to simultaneously quantify dabigatran etexilate, dabigatran, and dabigatran acylglucuronide in human plasma samples. After deproteinization using acetonitrile, the supernatants were evaporated, dissolved in a mobile phase, and finally injected onto an HPLC system with a silica-based C18 reverse-phase column. Mass spectrometer system was operated in multiple reaction monitoring mode (MRM) (dabigatran etexilate: m/z 629.464→290.100; dabigatran: m/z 472.300→289.100, and dabigatran acylglucuronide: m/z 648.382→289.100) and all the components were confirmed using positive electrospray ionization (ESI). Correlation coefficients > 0.999 were achieved for all the calibration curves with linear regression. The intra-day and inter-day accuracies of dabigatran etexilate, dabigatran, and dabigatran acylglucuronide were 95.84-109.44 %, 99.4-103.42 %, and 98.37-104.42 %, respectively, while their corresponding precisions were 3.84-9.79, 1.07-8.76 %, and 2.56-4.51 %, respectively. We successfully applied the new method to determine the pharmacokinetic profiles of dabigatran etexilate, dabigatran, and dabigatran acylglucuronide in humans. Our findings demonstrated the method as robust, reliable, and sensitive.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- In-Hwan Park
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Anam Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Woo Park
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Anam Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea; Department of Neurology, Anam Hospital, Korea University Medical Center, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea.
| | - Hyewon Chung
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Guro Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Min Kim
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Anam Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Sangjin Lee
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Anam Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyoung-Ah Kim
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Anam Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Young Park
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Anam Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Wang T, Liu Q, Long WJ, Chen AQ, Wu HL, Yu RQ. A chemometric comparison of different models in fluorescence analysis of dabigatran etexilate and dabigatran. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2021; 246:118988. [PMID: 33065449 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2020.118988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2019] [Revised: 09/10/2020] [Accepted: 09/20/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, a simple, rapid, low-cost and potential method was established for the simultaneous quantitative analysis of dabigatran etexilate (DABE) and dabigatran (DAB) in spiked biological fluids. It combined excitation-emission matrix fluorescence (EEMF) with different second-order calibration methods, including the self-weighted alternating normalized residue fitting (SWANRF) algorithm based on trilinear decomposition model, the multivariate curve resolution - alternating least-squares (MCR-ALS) based on bilinear decomposition model and the unfolded partial least-square coupled with residual bilinearization (U-PLS/RBL) based on latent variables model. The proposed method showed "second-order advantage", that is, satisfactory quantitative results were successfully obtained even in the presence of unknown interferences and serious spectral overlap. The recoveries of DABE and DAB in spiked biological fluids were 91.7%-101.7% for SWANRF, 95.9%-117.8% for MCR-ALS, 83.0%-109.6% for U-PLS/RBL, respectively. Figures of merit and other statistical parameters were also calculated to assess the performance of the proposed method. Moreover, the modeling procedures and characteristics of three different models in EEMF analysis were discussed and compared.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, People's Republic of China
| | - Qian Liu
- Biomedical Research Center, Hunan University of Medicine, Huaihua 418000, People's Republic of China
| | - Wan-Jun Long
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, People's Republic of China
| | - An-Qi Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, People's Republic of China
| | - Hai-Long Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, People's Republic of China.
| | - Ru-Qin Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Slavik L, Jacova J, Friedecky D, Ulehlova J, Tauber Z, Prochazkova J, Hlusi A, Palova M. Evaluation of the DOAC-Stop Procedure by LC-MS/MS Assays for Determining the Residual Activity of Dabigatran, Rivaroxaban, and Apixaban. Clin Appl Thromb Hemost 2020; 25:1076029619872556. [PMID: 31523979 PMCID: PMC6829642 DOI: 10.1177/1076029619872556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The effect of direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) on laboratory tests dependent on the
production of their targets, factor IIa and factor Xa (FXa), is a well-known problem and
can cause both false positive and negative results. Therefore, the correct interpretation
of tests performed in patients receiving DOACs is necessary to avoid misclassification and
subsequent clinical consequences. However, even with significant experience, there are
situations where it is not possible to assess the influence of some methods. Particularly
important is the situation in the diagnosis of lupus anticoagulants using the dilute
Russell viper venom timetest, which is based on direct FXa activation. A very promising
solution to this situation is offered by the DOAC laboratory balancing procedure
DOAC-Stop. For evaluating the effectiveness of this procedure, 60 (20 apixaban, 20
dabigatran, and 20 rivaroxaban) patients treated with DOACs were enrolled. All patient
samples were analyzed for the presence of individual DOAC types and subsequently subjected
to the DOAC-Stop procedure.We evaluated its effectiveness by our own high-performance
liquid chromatography-coupled tandem mass spectrometrymethod, which simultaneously sets
all high-sensitivity DOACs. Unlike coagulation tests based on the determination of the
residual effects of DOACs on target enzymes, which is complicated by extensive
interindividual variation, this methodology is highly specific and sensitive.The DOAC-Stop
procedure eliminated dabigatran from 99.5%, rivaroxaban from 97.9%, and apixaban from
97.1% of participants in our group. Residual amounts did not exceed 2.7 ng/mL for
dabigatran, 10.9 ng/mL for rivaroxaban, or 13.03 ng/mL for apixaban, which are safe values
that do not affect either screening or special coagulation tests.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L Slavik
- Department of Hemato-Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacký University Olomouc and University Hospital Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - J Jacova
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Palacký University Olomouc and University Hospital Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - D Friedecky
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Palacký University Olomouc and University Hospital Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - J Ulehlova
- Department of Hemato-Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacký University Olomouc and University Hospital Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Z Tauber
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University Olomouc and University Hospital Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - J Prochazkova
- Department of Hemato-Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacký University Olomouc and University Hospital Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - A Hlusi
- Department of Hemato-Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacký University Olomouc and University Hospital Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - M Palova
- Department of Hemato-Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacký University Olomouc and University Hospital Olomouc, Czech Republic
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Gradient RP-HPLC method for the determination of potential impurities in dabigatran etexilate in bulk drug and capsule formulations. ARAB J CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2015.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
|
12
|
Ferrone V, Todaro S, Carlucci M, Fontana A, Ventrella A, Carlucci G, Milanetti E. Optimization by response surface methodology of a dispersive magnetic solid phase extraction exploiting magnetic graphene nanocomposite coupled with UHPLC-PDA for simultaneous determination of new oral anticoagulants (NAOs) in human plasma. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2019; 179:112992. [PMID: 31816472 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2019.112992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2019] [Revised: 11/11/2019] [Accepted: 11/13/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
In this paper a dispersive magnetic-solid phase extraction (MSPE) using a graphene nanocomposite (rG/Fe3O4) followed by ultra high performance liquid chromatography with photodiode array detection has been developed for the simultaneous analysis of new class of oral anticoagulants (NOAs) in human plasma. The performance of the nanocomposite graphene@Fe3O4 on the magnetic solid phase extraction of apixaban, rivaroxaban and dabigatran has been optimized using a Box-Behnken design of experiment. The amount of graphene nanocomposite, the sample pH and the adsorption time were the investigated parameters as a function of the extraction recovery. The analytical method was fully validated based on linearity, limit of detection (LOD), limit of detection (LOQ), inter- and intra-day precision and trueness, and extraction yield. Under optimal condition, excellent linearity (R2 > 0.9987) over the range (0.001-5.0 μg/mL), limit of detection (0.003 μg/mL), precision (0.81-8.97% RSD) and trueness (-5 to 9 % BIAS%) were observed for the target drugs. The average extraction recovery under optimal from plasma samples ranged between 96.6-98.6% for apixaban, rivaroxaban and dabigatran and the internal standard. The proposed method was developed, validated and successfully applied to the measurement of these NOAs in patients. The new approach offers an attractive alternative for the simultaneous analysis of the selected NOAs from plasma samples, providing several advantages including fewer sample preparation steps, ease of performance, and higher recoveries compared to traditional methodologies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vincenzo Ferrone
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università degli Studi "G. D'Annunzio" Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini Chieti, Italy
| | - Sabrina Todaro
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università degli Studi "G. D'Annunzio" Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini Chieti, Italy
| | - Maura Carlucci
- Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche Orali e Biotecnologiche - Università degli Studi "G. D'Annunzio" Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini Chieti, Italy
| | - Antonella Fontana
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università degli Studi "G. D'Annunzio" Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini Chieti, Italy
| | - Alessia Ventrella
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università degli Studi "G. D'Annunzio" Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini Chieti, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Carlucci
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università degli Studi "G. D'Annunzio" Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini Chieti, Italy.
| | - Edoardo Milanetti
- Dipartimento di Fisica - Università degli Studi "La Sapienza", P.le A. Moro, Roma, Italy; Center for Life Nano Science@Sapienza, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Viale Regina Elena, Roma, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
An improved extraction protocol for therapeutic dabigatran monitoring using HPLC-MS/MS. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2019; 1130-1131:121808. [PMID: 31669631 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2019.121808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2019] [Revised: 09/13/2019] [Accepted: 09/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
A new sample extraction protocol was developed for pharmacokinetic studies of dabigatran with high-performance liquid chromatography separation - electrospray ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry analysis. After protein precipitation with acetonitrile, free dabigatran and its metabolites are separated into water phase by water-dichloromethane liquid-liquid extraction to purify the sample from proteins and endogenous lipophilic compounds. Chromatographic separation was achieved on an Agilent Zorbax SB-CN column (150 × 4.6 mm, 5 µm)) using 0.1% aqueous solution of formic acid and acetonitrile (80:20) as the mobile phase. Agilent Zorbax SB-CN column was selected to improve sample resolution and to avoided early elution of dabigatran previously seen when using a C18 column. The extended calibration curve was constructed from 5 to 1000 ng/L while precision and accuracy were assessed at four levels across the linear dynamic ranges. Within-run precision was <5.6% and the between-run precision was <3.9%. The method accuracy ranged from 89.8% to 104.4%. The developed method was successfully applied to 30 patient samples to evaluate antithrombotic efficacy and anticoagulant activity of dabigatran following knee endoprosthesis surgery.
Collapse
|
14
|
Liquid chromatographic methods for the determination of direct oral anticoagulant drugs in biological samples: A critical review. Anal Chim Acta 2019; 1076:18-31. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2019.03.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2019] [Revised: 03/28/2019] [Accepted: 03/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
|
15
|
El Zaher AA, Elkady EF, El Houssini OM, El Ghwas HE. Development and validation of chromatographic methods for the quantification of dabigatran etexilate mesylate in the presence of its risky degradation products. JPC-J PLANAR CHROMAT 2018. [DOI: 10.1556/1006.2018.31.6.6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Asmaa A. El Zaher
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El-Aini St., Cairo 11562, Egypt
| | - Ehab F. Elkady
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El-Aini St., Cairo 11562, Egypt
| | - Ola M. El Houssini
- National Organization for Drug Control and Research (NODCAR), 51 Wezaret El-Zeraa St., Agouza P.O. Box 12553, Giza 35521, Egypt
| | - Hind E. El Ghwas
- National Organization for Drug Control and Research (NODCAR), 51 Wezaret El-Zeraa St., Agouza P.O. Box 12553, Giza 35521, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Microdosing Cocktail Assay Development for Drug-Drug Interaction Studies. J Pharm Sci 2018; 107:1973-1986. [PMID: 29548977 DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2018.02.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2017] [Revised: 02/02/2018] [Accepted: 02/14/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Methodology for analysis of a microdosing drug cocktail designed to evaluate the contribution of drug transporters and drug metabolizing enzymes to disposition was developed using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry-based detection. Fast and sensitive methods were developed and qualified for the quantification of statins (pitavastatin, pitavastain lactone, rosuvastatin, atorvastatin, 2-hydroxy, and 4-hydroxy atorvastatin), midazolam, and dabigatran in human plasma. Chromatographic separation was accomplished using reversed-phase liquid chromatography or hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography with gradient elution and detection by tandem mass spectrometry in the positive ionization mode using electrospray ionization. The lower limit of quantitation (LLOQ) for the statins assay was 1 pg/mL for the 6 analytes with a linear range from 1 to 1000 pg/mL processing 250 μL plasma sample. The midazolam assay LLOQ was 0.5 pg/mL with a linear range of 0.5 to 1000 pg/mL. For the dabigatran assay, the LLOQ was 10 pg/mL with a linear range of 10 to 5000 pg/mL processing 100 μL plasma sample. The intraday and interday precision and accuracy of the assays were within acceptable ranges, and the assays were successfully applied to support a study where a microdose cocktail was dosed to healthy human subjects for simultaneous assessment of clinical drug-drug interactions mediated by major drug transporters and CYP3A.
Collapse
|
17
|
Xu J, He J, Xu H, Ji D, Snape C, Yu H, Jia C, Wang C, Gao J. Simultaneous measurement of multiple organic tracers in fine aerosols from biomass burning and fungal spores by HPLC-MS/MS. RSC Adv 2018; 8:34136-34150. [PMID: 35548813 PMCID: PMC9086710 DOI: 10.1039/c8ra04991b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2018] [Accepted: 09/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Three monosaccharide anhydrides (MAs: levoglucosan, mannosan, and galactosan) and sugar alcohols (arabitol and mannitol) are widely used as organic tracers for source identification of aerosols emitted from biomass burning and fungal spores, respectively. In the past, these two types of organic tracer have been measured separately or conjointly using different analytical techniques, with which a number of disadvantages have been experienced during the application to environmental aerosol samples, including organic solvent involved extraction, time-consuming derivatization, or poor separation efficiency due to overlapping peaks, etc. Hence, in this study a more environment-friendly, effective and integrated extraction and analytical method has been developed for simultaneous determination of the above mentioned organic tracers in the same aerosol sample using ultrasonication and high performance liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS). The ultrasonication assisted extraction process using ultrapure water can achieve satisfactory recoveries in the range of 100.3 ± 1.3% to 108.4 ± 1.6% for these tracers. All the parameters related to LC and MS/MS have been optimized to ensure good identification and pronounced intensity for each compound. A series of rigorous validation steps have been conducted. This newly developed analytical method using ultrasonication and HPLC-MS/MS has been successfully applied to environmental aerosol samples of different pollution levels for the simultaneous measurement of the above mentioned five organic tracers from biomass burning and fungal spores. Five organic tracers in fine aerosols can be simultaneously analysed by coupling ultrasonication and HPLC-MS/MS without a derivatization process.![]()
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jingsha Xu
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering
- International Doctoral Innovation Centre
- University of Nottingham Ningbo China
- Ningbo
- P. R. China
| | - Jun He
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering
- International Doctoral Innovation Centre
- University of Nottingham Ningbo China
- Ningbo
- P. R. China
| | - Honghui Xu
- Zhejiang Meteorological Science Institute
- Hangzhou
- P. R. China
| | - Dongsheng Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Boundary Layer Physics and Atmospheric Chemistry
- Institute of Atmospheric Physics
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing
- P. R. China
| | - Colin Snape
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering
- Faculty of Engineering
- University of Nottingham
- University Park
- Nottingham NG7 2RD
| | - Huan Yu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering
- Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology
- Nanjing
- P. R. China
| | - Chunrong Jia
- School of Public Health
- University of Memphis
- Memphis
- USA
| | - Chengjun Wang
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering
- Wenzhou University
- Wenzhou
- P. R. China
| | - Jianfa Gao
- Queensland Alliance for Environmental Health Sciences
- The University of Queensland
- Brisbane
- Australia
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Wiesen MH, Blaich C, Streichert T, Michels G, Müller C. Paramagnetic micro-particles as a tool for rapid quantification of apixaban, dabigatran, edoxaban and rivaroxaban in human plasma by UHPLC-MS/MS. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017; 55:1349-1359. [DOI: 10.1515/cclm-2016-0888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2016] [Accepted: 02/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
AbstractBackground:Assessment of the anticoagulant activity of direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) is justified in special clinical situations. Here, we evaluated two independent extraction methods and developed a multi-analyte ultra-high performance liquid chromatography tandem mass (UHPLC-MS/MS) method for the quantification of apixaban, dabigatran, edoxaban and rivaroxaban in human plasma.Methods:Routine extraction based on protein precipitation with acetonitrile and subsequent centrifugation was compared to sample clean-up using commercial paramagnetic micro-particles and subsequent magnetic depletion. Stable isotope-labeled analogs of all analytes were employed as internal standards. The method was validated according to international guidelines in terms of linearity, precision, trueness, sensitivity, recovery and matrix effects. The performances of both extraction methods were assessed in clinical samples obtained from patients treated with either apixaban or rivaroxaban. Additionally, we report on a patient with nonadherence to rivaroxaban treatment and fulminant pulmonary embolism.Results:The method was linear from 2 to 500 ng/mL for all analytes, and quantification of DOACs was established within a run time of 2.0 min. Based on MS/MS analyte responses, relative matrix effects were better controlled for dabigatran after extraction with paramagnetic micro-particles. Internal standards fully compensated for recovery and matrix effects in all assays, yielding equivalent results for both methods. Apixaban and rivaroxaban concentrations determined in clinical samples after extraction with both methods were in good agreement (RConclusions:A rapid and accurate multi-component UHPLC-MS/MS method for the quantification of four DOACs in human plasma was established. Paramagnetic micro-particles appear suitable for clean-up of plasma samples for LC-MS/MS-based therapeutic drug monitoring purposes.
Collapse
|
19
|
Duan RW, Song J, Li YP, Xing CG. A novel LC-MS/MS method for mepivacaine determination and pharmacokinetic study in a single-dose two-period crossover in healthy subjects. ARTIFICIAL CELLS NANOMEDICINE AND BIOTECHNOLOGY 2016; 45:1605-1611. [PMID: 27976931 DOI: 10.1080/21691401.2016.1267013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ruo-Wang Duan
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiong Song
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu-Ping Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Chun-Gen Xing
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Dosage plasmatique de quatre anticoagulants directs par UHPLC/DAD. TOXICOLOGIE ANALYTIQUE ET CLINIQUE 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxac.2016.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
|
21
|
Al-Ghobashy MA, Hassan SA, Abdelaziz DH, Elhosseiny NM, Sabry NA, Attia AS, El-Sayed MH. Development and validation of LC-MS/MS assay for the simultaneous determination of methotrexate, 6-mercaptopurine and its active metabolite 6-thioguanine in plasma of children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia: Correlation with genetic polymorphism. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2016; 1038:88-94. [PMID: 27802917 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2016.10.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2016] [Revised: 10/15/2016] [Accepted: 10/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Individualized therapy is a recent approach aiming to specify dosage regimen for each patient according to its genetic state. Cancer chemotherapy requires continuous monitoring of the plasma concentration levels of active forms of cytotoxic drugs and subsequent dose adjustment. In order to attain optimum therapeutic efficacy, correlation to pharmacogenetics data is crucial. In this study, a specific, accurate and sensitive liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) has been developed for determination of methotrexate (MTX), 6-mercaptopurine (MP) and its metabolite 6-thioguanine nucleotide (TG) in human plasma. Based on the basic character of the studied compounds, solid phase extraction using a strong cation exchanger was found the optimum approach to achieve good extraction recovery. Chromatographic separation was carried out using RP-HPLC and isocratic elution by acetonitrile: 0.1% aqueous formic acid (85:15v/v) with a flow rate of 0.8mL/min at 40°C. The detection was performed by tandem mass spectrometry in MRM mode via electrospray ionization source in positive ionization mode. Analysis was carried out within 1.0min over a concentration range of 6.25-200.00ng/mL for the studied analytes. Validation was carried out according to FDA guidelines for bioanalytical method validation and satisfactory results were obtained. The applicability of the assay for the monitoring of the MTX, MP and TG and subsequent application to personalized therapy was demonstrated in a clinical study on children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). Results confirmed the need for implementation of reliable analysis tools for therapeutic dose adjustment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Medhat A Al-Ghobashy
- Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo 11562, Egypt; Bioanalysis Research Group, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Said A Hassan
- Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo 11562, Egypt
| | - Doaa H Abdelaziz
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, National Hepatology and Tropical Medicine Research Institute, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Noha M Elhosseiny
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Nirmeen A Sabry
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ahmed S Attia
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Manal H El-Sayed
- Department of Pediatrics, Hematology-Oncology Division, Faculty of Medicine, Ain-Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Schwertner HA, Stankus JJ. Characterization of the Fluorescent Spectra and Intensity of Dabigatran and Dabigatran Etexilate: Application to HPLC Analysis with Fluorescent Detection†. J Chromatogr Sci 2016; 54:1648-1651. [PMID: 27473419 DOI: 10.1093/chromsci/bmw122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2015] [Revised: 05/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
There is considerable interest in dabigatran etexilate (Pradaxa) and its major metabolite, dabigatran, which has been shown to be an important inhibitor of thrombin and clotting. In this study, the fluorescent excitation and emission spectra of dabigatran and dabigatran etexilate were characterized. In addition, a ultra performance liquid chromatography (UPLC) and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method using fluorescent detection was developed for the analysis of dabigatran. Dabigatran and dabigatran etexilate were found to have excitation and emission maxima of 310 and 375 nm and 335 and 400 nm, respectively. UPLC analysis of dabigatran standards and plasma dabigatran samples were analyzed on a reversed phase C-18 column with methanol-water (70:30, v/v) as the mobile phase. The lower limit of quantitation for dabigatran was 10.0 ng/mL for both the standards and plasma samples. Standard curves were linear from 10.0 to 1000.0 ng/mL (R2 = 0.995). Within-day coefficient of variations of the fluorometric method at 50.0, 100.0 and 500.0 ng/mL were 1.38%, 4.83% and 2.31%, respectively. The intense fluorescent properties of dabigatran permit the sensitive and specific UPLC or HPLC fluorescent analysis of dabigatran.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Harvey A Schwertner
- Clinical Research, Wilford Hall Ambulatory Surgical Center, 2200 Bergquist Drive, Lackland AFB, TX 78236-5319, USA
| | - John J Stankus
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of the Incarnate Word, 4301 Broadway, San Antonio, TX 78209, USA
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Bapatu HR, Maram RK, Cho WH, Pasagadugula VBR. QbD Approach Method Development for Estimation of Dabigatran Etexilate along with Its Impurities and Identification of Degradants in Capsule Dosage Form. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.4236/ajac.2016.76047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
|
24
|
Ali AA, Al-Ghobashy MA, Farid SF, Kassem MA. Development and validation of LC–MS/MS assay for the determination of the prodrug Midodrine and its active metabolite Desglymidodrine in plasma of ascitic patients: Application to individualized therapy and comparative pharmacokinetics. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2015; 991:34-40. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2015.03.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2015] [Revised: 03/25/2015] [Accepted: 03/31/2015] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
|