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Gao C, Chen DD, Liu HW, Ma ML, Zhang L, Cui HR. An Innovative Aggregation-Induced Emission-Based NIR Fluorescent Probe for Visualizing Carboxylesterases in Living Cells, Zebrafish, and Tumor-Bearing Mice. Molecules 2024; 29:3660. [PMID: 39125064 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29153660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2024] [Revised: 07/12/2024] [Accepted: 07/22/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024] Open
Abstract
In the human body, carboxylesterases (CEs) play crucial roles in xenobiotic metabolism and lipid homeostasis. But abnormal expression of CEs is highly associated with some diseases, such as hyperlipidemia, diabetes, and liver cancer. Therefore, it is of great importance to develop an efficient tool for the accurate detection of CEs in living organisms. Herein, an innovative near-infrared (NIR) fluorescent probe, TTAP-AB, was designed for CE detection based on the aggregation-induced emission (AIE) mechanism. This probe exhibits rapid response (2 min), excellent sensitivity (limit of detection = 8.14 × 10-6 U/mL), and high selectivity to CEs. Additionally, owing to its good biocompatibility, the TTAP-AB probe enables the monitoring of dynamic changes in CE levels under drug-induced modulation in living cells and zebrafish. More importantly, the TTAP-AB probe was successfully employed to image liver tumors and assist in tumor resection through the real-time monitoring of CEs, indicating that TTAP-AB is promising to guide liver cancer surgery. Therefore, the TTAP-AB probe can not only enrich the strategies for CE detection in biological systems but also has great potential for some clinical imaging applications, including medical diagnosis, preclinical research, and imaging-guided surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Gao
- Synergy Innovation Centre of Biological Peptide Antidiabetics of Hubei Province, College of Life Science, Wuchang University of Technology, Wuhan 430223, China
| | - Dan-Dan Chen
- Synergy Innovation Centre of Biological Peptide Antidiabetics of Hubei Province, College of Life Science, Wuchang University of Technology, Wuhan 430223, China
| | - Hu-Wei Liu
- Synergy Innovation Centre of Biological Peptide Antidiabetics of Hubei Province, College of Life Science, Wuchang University of Technology, Wuhan 430223, China
| | - Ming-Lan Ma
- Synergy Innovation Centre of Biological Peptide Antidiabetics of Hubei Province, College of Life Science, Wuchang University of Technology, Wuhan 430223, China
| | - Lin Zhang
- Synergy Innovation Centre of Biological Peptide Antidiabetics of Hubei Province, College of Life Science, Wuchang University of Technology, Wuhan 430223, China
| | - Hai-Rong Cui
- Synergy Innovation Centre of Biological Peptide Antidiabetics of Hubei Province, College of Life Science, Wuchang University of Technology, Wuhan 430223, China
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Lin X, Liu M, Yi Q, Zhou Y, Su J, Qing B, Lu Y, Pu C, Lan W, Zou L, Wang J. Design, synthesis, and evaluation of a carboxylesterase detection probe with therapeutic effects. Talanta 2024; 274:126060. [PMID: 38604044 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2024.126060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2023] [Revised: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
In this study, a lysosomal targeting fluorescent probe recognition on CEs was designed and synthesized. The obtained probe BF2-cur-Mor demonstrated excellent selectivity, sensitivity, pH-independence, and enzyme affinity towards CEs within 5 min. BF2-cur-Mor could enable recognition of intracellular CEs and elucidate that the CEs content of different cancer cells follows the rule of HepG2 > HCT-116 > A549 > HeLa, and the CEs expression level of hepatoma cancer cells far exceeds that of normal hepatic cells, being in good agreement with the previous reports. The ability of BF2-cur-Mor to monitor CEs in vivo was confirmed by zebrafish experiment. BF2-cur-Mor exhibits some pharmacological activity in that it can induce apoptosis in hepatocellular carcinoma cells but is weaker in normal hepatocyte cells, being expected to be a potential "diagnostic and therapeutic integration" tool for the clinical diagnosis of CEs-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia Lin
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Special Biomedicine, Medical College, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China; Guangxi Health Science College, Nanning, 530023, China; School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China
| | - Min Liu
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Special Biomedicine, Medical College, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China
| | - Qingyuan Yi
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Special Biomedicine, Medical College, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China
| | - Ying Zhou
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Special Biomedicine, Medical College, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China
| | - Jinchan Su
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Special Biomedicine, Medical College, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China
| | - Binyang Qing
- College of Life Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China
| | - Yaqi Lu
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Special Biomedicine, Medical College, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China
| | - Chunxiao Pu
- College of Life Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China
| | - Weisen Lan
- College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China
| | - Lianjia Zou
- Guangxi Health Science College, Nanning, 530023, China.
| | - Jianyi Wang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Special Biomedicine, Medical College, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China; School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China.
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Zhang W, Qi C, Wang X, Fu Z, Zhang J, Zhou Y, Wang Y. An ultrasensitive and selective near-infrared fluorescent probe for tracking carboxylesterases with large Stokes shift in living cells and mice. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2024; 308:123708. [PMID: 38042124 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2023.123708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Revised: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/04/2023]
Abstract
Carboxylesterases (CEs) play great role in CEs-related diseases and drug metabolism. Selectively monitoring its activity is important to explore its role in CEs-related diseases and drug combination. Herein, a new "turn-on" near-infrared (NIR) fluorescent probe (CHY-1) was reported with large Stokes shift (145 nm) for CEs detection. Dicyanoisophorone-based derivative was chosen as NIR fluorophore and 4-bromobutyrate was the identifying group. What's more, CHY-1 exhibited ultra-sensitivity (LOD ∼ 9.2 × 10-5 U/mL), high selectivity against Acetylcholinesterase (AChE), Butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) and Chymotrypsin for CEs fluorescence detection under physiological pH and temperature. Furthermore, CHY-1 showed little effect on cell viability at high concentration and featured good optical imaging character for the slight change of CEs activity induced by 5-Fu (5-Fluorouridine, anti-tumor drug) and CEs inhibitor in living cells. Moreover, CHY-1 was also used to detect the activity and distribution of CEs in mice. Taken together, CHY-1 had widely applicable value in the diagnosis of CEs-related diseases and drug combination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenda Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Henan Key Laboratory for Precision Clinical Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 1, East Jianshe Road, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan, China.
| | - Chongzhen Qi
- Department of Pharmacy, Henan Key Laboratory for Precision Clinical Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 1, East Jianshe Road, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan, China
| | - Xinru Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Henan Key Laboratory for Precision Clinical Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 1, East Jianshe Road, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan, China
| | - Zhe Fu
- Department of General Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Jingmin Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Henan Key Laboratory for Precision Clinical Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 1, East Jianshe Road, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan, China
| | - Yubing Zhou
- Department of Pharmacy, Henan Key Laboratory for Precision Clinical Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 1, East Jianshe Road, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan, China.
| | - Yu Wang
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 1, East Jianshe Road, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan, China.
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Guo B, Shen T, Liu Y, Jing J, Shao C, Zhang X. An endoplasmic reticulum-specific ratiometric fluorescent probe for imaging esterase in living cells. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2023; 291:122389. [PMID: 36689909 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2023.122389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Revised: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Esterase is primarily distributed in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and often overexpressed in cancer cells. Therefore, the detection of esterase in ER is significant for monitoring the metabolic process of various esters and evaluating the efficacy of chemotherapeutic prodrugs. However, only few fluorescent probes can detect esterase in the ER due to the lack of ER-specificity. More seriously, these probes are often limited by low pearson's colocalization coefficient and one single wavelength emission. To solve those problems, an ER-specific ratiometric fluorescent probe (ER-EST) is designed for detecting esterase in living cells. The ER-EST shows a ratiometric and red-shifted emission (125 nm) from 435 to 560 nm after hydrolysis by esterase. The fluorescence intensity ratio of ER-EST displays quantitative response to the esterase activity (0-0.5 U/mL) with low detection limit of 1.8 × 10-4 U/mL. Importantly, the ER-EST with good biocompatibility and excellent ER-targeted ability was successfully employed to ratiometric image the endogenous endoplasmic reticulum esterase in living cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingpeng Guo
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250103, PR China
| | - Tianjiao Shen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, PR China
| | - Yifan Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, PR China
| | - Jing Jing
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, PR China.
| | - Changxiang Shao
- School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Taian 271099, PR China.
| | - Xiaoling Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, PR China.
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Song P, Pan Q, Sun Z, Zou L, Yang L. Fibroblast activation protein alpha: Comprehensive detection methods for drug target and tumor marker. Chem Biol Interact 2022; 354:109830. [PMID: 35104486 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2022.109830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2021] [Revised: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Fibroblast activation protein alpha (FAP-α, EC3.4.2. B28), a type II transmembrane proteolytic enzyme for the serine protease peptidase family. It is underexpressed in normal tissues but increased significantly in disease states, especially in neoplasm, which is a potential biomarker to turmor diagnosis. The inhibition of FAP-α activity will retard tumor formation, which is expected to be a promising tumor therapeutic target. At present, although the FAP-α expression detection methods has diversification, a superlative detection means is necessary for the clinical diagnosis. This review covers the discovery and the latest advances in FAP-α, as well as the future research prospects. The tissue distribution, structural characteristics, small-molecule ligands and structure-activity relationship of major inhibitors of FAP-α were summarized in this review. Furthermore, a variety of detection methods including traditional detection methods and emerging probes detection were classified and compared, and the design strategy and kinetic parameters of these FAP-α probe substrates were summarized. In addition, these comprehensive information provides a series of practical and reliable assays for the optimal design principles of FAP-α probes, promoting the application of FAP-α as a disease marker in diagnosis, and a drug target in drug design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peifang Song
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Quisha Pan
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | | | - Liwei Zou
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Ling Yang
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Qian XK, Zhang J, Song PF, Zhao YS, Ma HY, Jin Q, Wang DD, Guan XQ, Li SY, Bao X, Zou LW. Discovery of pyrazolones as novel carboxylesterase 2 inhibitors that potently inhibit the adipogenesis in cells. Bioorg Med Chem 2021; 40:116187. [PMID: 33965840 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2021.116187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Revised: 04/09/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Carboxylesterase 2 (CES2) is one of the most important Phase I drug metabolizing enzymes in the carboxylesterase family. It plays crucial roles in the bioavailability of oral ester prodrugs and the therapeutic effect of some anticancer drugs such as irinotecan (CPT11) and capecitabine. In addition to the well-known roles of CES2 in xenobiotic metabolism, the enzyme also participates in endogenous metabolism and the production of lipids. In this study, we synthesized a series of pyrazolones and assayed their inhibitory effects against CES2 in vitro. Structure-activity relationship analysis of these pyrazolones reveals that the introduction of 4-methylphenyl unit (R1), 4-methylbenzyl (R2) and cyclohexyl (R3) moieties are beneficial for CES2 inhibition. Guided by these SARs results, 1-cyclohexyl-4-(4-methylbenzyl)-3-p-tolyl-1H- pyrazol-5(4H)-one (27) was designed and synthesized. Further investigations demonstrated that the compound 27 exhibited stronger CES2 inhibition activity with a lower IC50 value (0.13 μM). The inhibition kinetic study demonstrated that compound 27 inhibited the hydrolysis of CES2-fluorescein diacetate (FD) through non-competitive inhibition. In addition, the molecular docking showed that the core of pyrazolone, the cyclohexane moiety, 4-methylbenzyl and 4-methylphenyl groups in compound 27 all played important roles with the amino acid residues of CSE2. Also, compound 27 could inhibit adipocyte adipogenesis induced by mouse preadipocytes. In brief, we designed and synthesized a novel pyrazolone compound with a strong inhibitory ability on CES2 and could inhibit the adipogenesis induced by mouse preadipocytes, which can be served as a promising lead compound for the development of more potent pyrazolone-type CES2 inhibitors, and also used as a potential tool for exploring the biological functions of CES2 in human being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing-Kai Qian
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Pei-Fang Song
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Yi-Su Zhao
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Hong-Ying Ma
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Qiang Jin
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Dan-Dan Wang
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Xiao-Qing Guan
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Shi-Yang Li
- Analytical Central Laboratory, Shengyang Harmony Health Medical Laboratory Co Ltd, 19 Wen Hui Road Shenyang 210112, China
| | - XiaoZe Bao
- College of Pharmaceutical Science & Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China.
| | - Li-Wei Zou
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China.
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Zhao YS, Qian XK, Guan XQ, Song PF, Song YQ, He RJ, Sun MR, Wang XY, Zou LW, Ge GB. Discovery of natural alkaloids as potent and selective inhibitors against human carboxylesterase 2. Bioorg Chem 2020; 105:104367. [PMID: 33080495 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2020.104367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2020] [Revised: 09/02/2020] [Accepted: 10/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Human Carboxylesterase 2A (hCES2A), one of the most important serine hydrolases, plays crucial roles in the hydrolysis and the metabolic activation of a wide range of esters and amides. Increasing evidence has indicated that potent inhibition on intestinal hCES2A may reduce the excessive accumulation of SN-38 (the hydrolytic metabolite of irinotecan with potent cytotoxicity) in the intestinal tract and thereby alleviate the intestinal toxicity triggered by irinotecan. In this study, more than sixty natural alkaloids have been collected and their inhibitory effects against hCES2A are assayed using a fluorescence-based biochemical assay. Following preliminary screening, seventeen alkaloids are found with strong to moderate hCES2A inhibition activity. Primary structure-activity relationships (SAR) analysis of natural isoquinoline alkaloids reveal that the benzo-1,3-dioxole group and the aromatic pyridine structure are beneficial for hCES2A inhibition. Further investigations demonstrate that a steroidal alkaloid reserpine exhibits strong hCES2A inhibition activity (IC50 = 0.94 μM) and high selectivity over other human serine hydrolases including hCES1A, dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPP-IV), butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) and thrombin. Inhibition kinetic analyses demonstrated that reserpine acts as a non-competitive inhibitor against hCES2A-mediated FD hydrolysis. Molecular docking simulations demonstrated that the potent inhibition of hCES2A by reserpine could partially be attributed to its strong σ-π and S-π interactions between reserpine and hCES2A. Collectively, our findings suggest that reserpine is a potent and highly selective inhibitor of hCES2A, which can be served as a promising lead compound for the development of more efficacious and selective alkaloids-type hCES2A inhibitors for biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Shu Zhao
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Xing-Kai Qian
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Xiao-Qing Guan
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Pei-Fang Song
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Yun-Qing Song
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Rong-Jing He
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Meng-Ru Sun
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Xiu-Yang Wang
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Li-Wei Zou
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China.
| | - Guang-Bo Ge
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China.
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Zhang J, Wang D, Zou L, Xiao M, Zhang Y, Li Z, Yang L, Ge G, Zuo Z. Rapid bioluminescence assay for monitoring rat CES1 activity and its alteration by traditional Chinese medicines. J Pharm Anal 2020; 10:253-262. [PMID: 32612872 PMCID: PMC7322752 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpha.2020.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2019] [Revised: 05/14/2020] [Accepted: 05/14/2020] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
Abstract
In traditional Chinese medicine herbs (TCM), including Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae (Danshen), Radix Puerariae Lobatae (Gegen), Radix Angelicae Sinensis (Danggui), and Rhizoma Chuanxiong (Chuanxiong) are widely used for the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular diseases and also often co-administered with Western drugs as a part of integrative medicine practice. Carboxylesterase 1 (CES1) plays a pivotal role in the metabolisms of pro-drugs. Since (S)-2-(2-(6-dimethylamino)-benzothiazole)-4,5-dihydro-thiazole-4-carboxylate (NLMe) has recently been identified by us as a selective CES1 bioluminescent sensor, we developed a rapid method using this substrate for the direct measurement of CES1 activity in rats. This bioluminescence assay was applied to determine CES1 activity in rat tissues after a two-week oral administration of each of the four herbs noted above. The results demonstrated the presence of CES1 enzyme in rat blood and all tested tissues with much higher enzyme activity in the blood, liver, kidney and heart than that in the small intestine, spleen, lung, pancreas, brain and stomach. In addition, the four herbs showed tissue-specific effects on rat CES1 expression. Based on the CES1 biodistribution and its changes after treatment in rats, the possibility that Danshen, Gegen and Danggui might alter CES1 activities in human blood and kidney should be considered. In summary, a selective and sensitive bioluminescence assay was developed to rapidly evaluate CES1 activity and the effects of orally administered TCMs in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Dandan Wang
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Liwei Zou
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Min Xiao
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yufeng Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Ziwei Li
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Ling Yang
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Guangbo Ge
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Zhong Zuo
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
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9
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Construction and application of a high-content analysis for identifying human carboxylesterase 2 inhibitors in living cell system. Anal Bioanal Chem 2020; 412:2645-2654. [PMID: 32123952 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-020-02494-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2019] [Revised: 01/28/2020] [Accepted: 02/05/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Human carboxylesterase 2 (hCE2), one of the most principal drug-metabolizing enzymes, catalyzes the hydrolysis of a variety of endogenous esters, anticancer agents, and environmental toxicants. The significant roles of hCE2 in both endobiotic and xenobiotic metabolism sparked great interest in the discovery and development of efficacious and selective inhibitors. However, the safe and effective inhibitors of hCE2 are scarce, due to the lack of efficient screening and evaluation systems for complex biological systems. To offer a solution to this problem, a high-content analysis (HCA)-based cell imaging and multiparametric assay method was constructed for evaluating the inhibitory effect and safety of hCE2 inhibitors in living cell system. In this study, we first established a cell imaging-based method for identifying hCE2 inhibitors at the living cell level with hCE2 fluorescent probe NCEN. Meanwhile, two nuclear probes, Hoechst 33342 and PI, were integrated to evaluate the potential cytotoxicity of compounds simultaneously. Then, the accuracy of the HCA-based method was verified by the LC-FD-based method with a positive inhibitor BNPP, and the results showed that the HCA-based method exhibited excellent precision, robustness, and reliability. Finally, the newly established HCA-based multiparametric assay panel was successfully applied to re-evaluate a series of reported hCE2 inhibitors in living cells. In summary, the HCA-based multiparametric method could serve as an efficient tool for the accuracy measurement inhibitory effect and cytotoxicity of compounds against hCE2 in living cell system. Graphical abstract.
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Lan L, Ren X, Yang J, Liu D, Zhang C. Detection techniques of carboxylesterase activity: An update review. Bioorg Chem 2020; 94:103388. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2019.103388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2019] [Revised: 10/14/2019] [Accepted: 10/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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11
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Feng J, Xu Y, Huang W, Kong H, Li Y, Cheng H, Li L. A magnetic SERS immunosensor for highly sensitive and selective detection of human carboxylesterase 1 in human serum samples. Anal Chim Acta 2019; 1097:176-185. [PMID: 31910958 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2019.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2019] [Revised: 10/30/2019] [Accepted: 11/03/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a common and lethal cancer. New serum markers for detecting HCC are urgently needed. Human carboxylesterase 1 (hCE1) is an important member of the serine hydrolase superfamily and is closely related to the occurrence of HCC. It can be used as a good serum marker for early diagnosis of HCC. Here, we developed a surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS)- based magnetic immunosensor that specifically recognizes and detects trace amounts of hCE1 in human serum via a sandwich structure consisting of a SERS tags, magnetic supporting substrates, and target antigen (hCE1). The SERS tags are 4-mercaptobenzoic acid (4-MBA)-labeled AgNPs, and the SERS supporting substrates are composed of a raspberry-like morphology of Fe3O4@SiO2@AgNPs magnetic nanocomposites surface-functionalized with a hCE1 antibody. The prepared SERS magnetic immunosensor exhibits excellent selectivity and extremely high sensitivity for hCE1 detection. The SERS signal and logarithm of hCE1 concentration presented a wide linear response range of 0.1 ng mL-1 to 1.0 mg mL-1, and the detection limit of hCE1 was 0.1 ng mL-1. The results indicate that the immunosensor can be used for the rapid determination of hCE1 in human serum without a complicated sample pre-treatment. Furthermore, the immunosensor has good reproducibility and stability, and has a promising prospect for the quantitative detection of other tumor markers in early clinical diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Feng
- School of Medicine, Guangxi University of Science and Technology, Liuzhou, 545005, Guangxi, PR China; Provine and Ministry Co-sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center of Sugarcane and Sugar Industry, Nanning, 530004, Guangxi, PR China
| | - Yajuan Xu
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Green Processing of Sugar Resources, College of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University of Science and Technology, Liuzhou, 545006, Guangxi, PR China; Provine and Ministry Co-sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center of Sugarcane and Sugar Industry, Nanning, 530004, Guangxi, PR China
| | - Wenyi Huang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Green Processing of Sugar Resources, College of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University of Science and Technology, Liuzhou, 545006, Guangxi, PR China; Provine and Ministry Co-sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center of Sugarcane and Sugar Industry, Nanning, 530004, Guangxi, PR China
| | - Hongxing Kong
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Green Processing of Sugar Resources, College of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University of Science and Technology, Liuzhou, 545006, Guangxi, PR China; Provine and Ministry Co-sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center of Sugarcane and Sugar Industry, Nanning, 530004, Guangxi, PR China
| | - Yanqing Li
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Green Processing of Sugar Resources, College of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University of Science and Technology, Liuzhou, 545006, Guangxi, PR China; Provine and Ministry Co-sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center of Sugarcane and Sugar Industry, Nanning, 530004, Guangxi, PR China
| | - Hao Cheng
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Green Processing of Sugar Resources, College of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University of Science and Technology, Liuzhou, 545006, Guangxi, PR China; Provine and Ministry Co-sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center of Sugarcane and Sugar Industry, Nanning, 530004, Guangxi, PR China.
| | - Lijun Li
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Green Processing of Sugar Resources, College of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University of Science and Technology, Liuzhou, 545006, Guangxi, PR China; Provine and Ministry Co-sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center of Sugarcane and Sugar Industry, Nanning, 530004, Guangxi, PR China.
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12
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Takahashi M, Takani D, Haba M, Hosokawa M. Investigation of the chiral recognition ability of human carboxylesterase 1 using indomethacin esters. Chirality 2019; 32:73-80. [PMID: 31693270 DOI: 10.1002/chir.23141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2019] [Revised: 10/04/2019] [Accepted: 10/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Daisuke Takani
- Faculty of PhramacyChiba Institute of Science Chiba Japan
| | - Masami Haba
- Faculty of PhramacyChiba Institute of Science Chiba Japan
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13
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Song PF, Zhu YD, Ma HY, Wang YN, Wang DD, Zou LW, Ge GB, Yang L. Discovery of natural pentacyclic triterpenoids as potent and selective inhibitors against human carboxylesterase 1. Fitoterapia 2019; 137:104199. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2019.104199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2019] [Revised: 05/30/2019] [Accepted: 06/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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14
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Song YQ, Weng ZM, Dou TY, Finel M, Wang YQ, Ding LL, Jin Q, Wang DD, Fang SQ, Cao YF, Hou J, Ge GB. Inhibition of human carboxylesterases by magnolol: Kinetic analyses and mechanism. Chem Biol Interact 2019; 308:339-349. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2019.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2019] [Revised: 05/22/2019] [Accepted: 06/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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15
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Tian Z, Ding L, Li K, Song Y, Dou T, Hou J, Tian X, Feng L, Ge G, Cui J. Rational Design of a Long-Wavelength Fluorescent Probe for Highly Selective Sensing of Carboxylesterase 1 in Living Systems. Anal Chem 2019; 91:5638-5645. [PMID: 30968686 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.8b05417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Rational design of practical probes with excellent specificity and improved optical properties for a particular enzyme is always a big challenge. Herein, a practical and highly specific fluorescent probe for carboxylesterase 1 (CES1) was rationally designed using meso-carboxyl-BODIPY as the basic fluorophore based on the substrate preference and catalytic properties of CES1. Following molecular docking-based virtual screening combined with reaction phenotyping-based experimental screening, we found that MMB (probe 7) exhibited the optimal combination of sensitivity and specificity toward human CES1 in contrast to other ester derivatives. Under physiological conditions, MMB could be readily hydrolyzed by CES1 and release MCB; such biotransformation brought great changes in the electronic properties at the meso position of the fluorophore and triggered a dramatic increase in fluorescence emission around 595 nm. Moreover, MMB was cell membrane permeable and was successfully applied to monitor the real activities of CES1 in various biological samples including living cells, tissue slices, organs, and zebrafish. In summary, this study showed a good example for constructing specific fluorescent probe(s) for a target enzyme and also provided a practical and sensitive tool for real-time sensing of CES1 activities in complicated biological samples. All these findings would strongly facilitate high-throughput screening of CES1 modulators and the studies on CES1-associated physiological and pathological processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenhao Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals , Dalian University of Technology , Dalian , 116024 , China
| | - Lele Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals , Dalian University of Technology , Dalian , 116024 , China
| | - Kun Li
- School of Life Science and Medicine , Dalian University of Technology , Panjin , 124221 , China
| | - Yunqing Song
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research , Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine , Shanghai , 201203 , China
| | - Tongyi Dou
- School of Life Science and Medicine , Dalian University of Technology , Panjin , 124221 , China
| | - Jie Hou
- Dalian Medical University , Dalian , 116044 , China
| | - Xiangge Tian
- Dalian Medical University , Dalian , 116044 , China
| | - Lei Feng
- Dalian Medical University , Dalian , 116044 , China
| | - Guangbo Ge
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research , Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine , Shanghai , 201203 , China
| | - Jingnan Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals , Dalian University of Technology , Dalian , 116024 , China
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16
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Ding L, Tian Z, Hou J, Dou T, Jin Q, Wang D, Zou L, Zhu Y, Song Y, Cui J, Ge G. Sensing carboxylesterase 1 in living systems by a practical and isoform-specific fluorescent probe. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2018.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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17
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Zhao YS, Ruan HL, Wang XY, Chen C, Song PF, Lü CW, Zou LW. Catalyst-free visible-light-induced condensation to synthesize bis(indolyl)methanes and biological activity evaluation of them as potent human carboxylesterase 2 inhibitors. RSC Adv 2019; 9:40168-40175. [PMID: 35541371 PMCID: PMC9076199 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra08593a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2019] [Accepted: 11/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A mild strategy for visible-light-induced synthesis of bis(indolyl)methanes was developed using aromatic aldehydes and indole as substrates. This reaction could be performed at room temperature under catalyst- and additive-free conditions to synthesize a series of bis(indolyl)methanes in good to excellent yields. In addition, all synthesized bis(indolyl)methanes together with β-substituted indole derivatives synthesized according to our previous work, were evaluated for their inhibitory effect against human carboxylesterase (CES1 and CES2). Primary structure–activity relationship analysis of all tested compounds showed that the modifications of β-substituted indole at the β-site with another indolyl group led to a significant enhancement of the inhibitory effect on CES2, and the bisindolyl structure is essential for CES2 inhibition. These results demonstrated that these bis(indolyl)methanes are potent and selective CES2 inhibitors, which might be helpful for medicinal chemists to design and develop more potent and selective CES2 inhibitors for biomedical applications. Bis(indolyl)methanes were synthesized by a green protocol. Primary structure–activity relationship analysis showed that the bisindolyl structure is essential for CES2 inhibition.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Shu Zhao
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
- Shanghai 201203
- People's Republic of China
| | - Hong-Li Ruan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Liaoning Normal University
- Dalian 116029
- People's Republic of China
| | - Xiu-Yang Wang
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
- Shanghai 201203
- People's Republic of China
| | - Chen Chen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Liaoning Normal University
- Dalian 116029
- People's Republic of China
| | - Pei-Fang Song
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
- Shanghai 201203
- People's Republic of China
| | - Cheng-Wei Lü
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Liaoning Normal University
- Dalian 116029
- People's Republic of China
| | - Li-Wei Zou
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
- Shanghai 201203
- People's Republic of China
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18
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Zhou H, Tang J, Zhang J, Chen B, Kan J, Zhang W, Zhou J, Ma H. A red lysosome-targeted fluorescent probe for carboxylesterase detection and bioimaging. J Mater Chem B 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9tb00310j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
A red lysosome-targeting probe for carboxylesterase activity has been successfully applied in complex biological samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Zhou
- College of Pharmacy
- Weifang Medical University
- Weifang
- China
| | - Jinbao Tang
- College of Pharmacy
- Weifang Medical University
- Weifang
- China
| | - Jie Zhang
- College of Pharmacy
- Weifang Medical University
- Weifang
- China
| | - Bochao Chen
- College of Pharmacy
- Weifang Medical University
- Weifang
- China
| | - Jianfei Kan
- College of Pharmacy
- Weifang Medical University
- Weifang
- China
| | - Weifen Zhang
- College of Pharmacy
- Weifang Medical University
- Weifang
- China
| | - Jin Zhou
- College of Pharmacy
- Weifang Medical University
- Weifang
- China
| | - Huimin Ma
- Beijing National laboratory for Molecular Sciences
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems
- Institute of Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Bejing 100190
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19
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Wang YQ, Weng ZM, Dou TY, Hou J, Wang DD, Ding LL, Zou LW, Yu Y, Chen J, Tang H, Ge GB. Nevadensin is a naturally occurring selective inhibitor of human carboxylesterase 1. Int J Biol Macromol 2018; 120:1944-1954. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.09.178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2018] [Revised: 09/26/2018] [Accepted: 09/26/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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20
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Effects of Panax Notoginseng Saponins on Esterases Responsible for Aspirin Hydrolysis In Vitro. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19103144. [PMID: 30322078 PMCID: PMC6213075 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19103144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2018] [Revised: 09/24/2018] [Accepted: 10/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Herb–drug interactions strongly challenge the clinical combined application of herbs and drugs. Herbal products consist of complex pharmacological-active ingredients and perturb the activity of drug-metabolizing enzymes. Panax notoginseng saponins (PNS)-based drugs are often combined with aspirin in vascular disease treatment in China. PNS was found to exhibit inhibitory effects on aspirin hydrolysis using Caco-2 cell monolayers. In the present study, a total of 22 components of PNS were separated and identified by UPLC-MS/MS. Using highly selective probe substrate analysis, PNS exerted robust inhibitory potency on human carboxylesterase 2 (hCE2), while had a minor influence on hCE1, butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) and paraoxonase (PON). These effects were also verified through molecular docking analysis. PNS showed a concentration-dependent inhibitory effect on hydrolytic activity of aspirin in HepaRG cells. The protein level of hCE2 in HepaRG cells was suppressed after PNS treatment, while the level of BChE or PON1 in the extracellular matrix were elevated after PNS treatment. Insignificant effect was observed on the mRNA expression of the esterases. These findings are important to understand the underlying efficacy and safety of co-administration of PNS and aspirin in clinical practice.
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21
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Wang DD, Zou LW, Jin Q, Hou J, Ge GB, Yang L. Recent progress in the discovery of natural inhibitors against human carboxylesterases. Fitoterapia 2017; 117:84-95. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2017.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2016] [Revised: 01/13/2017] [Accepted: 01/21/2017] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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22
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Lei W, Wang DD, Dou TY, Hou J, Feng L, Yin H, Luo Q, Sun J, Ge GB, Yang L. Assessment of the inhibitory effects of pyrethroids against human carboxylesterases. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2017; 321:48-56. [PMID: 28242322 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2017.02.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2017] [Revised: 02/12/2017] [Accepted: 02/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Pyrethroids are broad-spectrum insecticides that widely used in many countries, while humans may be exposed to these toxins by drinking or eating pesticide-contaminated foods. This study aimed to investigate the inhibitory effects of six commonly used pyrethroids against two major human carboxylesterases (CES) including CES1 and CES2. Three optical probe substrates for CES1 (DME, BMBT and DMCB) and a fluorescent probe substrate for CES2 (DDAB) were used to characterize the inhibitory effects of these pyrethroids. The results demonstrated that most of the tested pyrethroids showed moderate to weak inhibitory effects against both CES1 and CES2, but deltamethrin displayed strong inhibition towards CES1. The IC50 values of deltamethrin against CES1-mediated BMBT, DME, and DMCB hydrolysis were determined as 1.58μM, 2.39μM, and 3.3μM, respectively. Moreover, deltamethrin was cell membrane permeable and capable of inhibition endogenous CES1 in living cells. Further investigation revealed that deltamethrin inhibited CES1-mediated BMBT hydrolysis via competitive manner but noncompetitively inhibited DME or DMCB hydrolysis. The inhibition behaviors of deltamethrin against CES1 were also studied by molecular docking simulation. The results demonstrated that CES1 had at least two different ligand-binding sites, one was the DME site and another was the BMBT site which was identical to the binding site of deltamethrin. In summary, deltamethrin was a strong reversible inhibitor against CES1 and it could tightly bind on CES1 at the same ligand-binding site as BMBT. These findings are helpful for the deep understanding of the interactions between xenobiotics and CES1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Lei
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 110623, China; Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Dan-Dan Wang
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Tong-Yi Dou
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Jie Hou
- Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Liang Feng
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Heng Yin
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Qun Luo
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100080, China
| | - Jie Sun
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 110623, China
| | - Guang-Bo Ge
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China.
| | - Ling Yang
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
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23
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Lv X, Wang DD, Feng L, Wang P, Zou LW, Hao DC, Hou J, Cui JN, Ge GB, Yang L. A highly selective marker reaction for measuring the activity of human carboxylesterase 1 in complex biological samples. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra23614b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
NMHN hydrolysis was found to be a highly selective marker reaction for sensing the activity of human carboxylesterase 1 (hCE1).
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia Lv
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Resource Discovery
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Dalian 116023
- China
| | - Dan-Dan Wang
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Resource Discovery
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Dalian 116023
- China
| | - Lei Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals
- Dalian University of Technology
- Dalian 116012
- China
| | - Ping Wang
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Resource Discovery
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Dalian 116023
- China
| | - Li-Wei Zou
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Resource Discovery
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Dalian 116023
- China
| | | | - Jie Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals
- Dalian University of Technology
- Dalian 116012
- China
- Dalian Medical University
| | - Jing-Nan Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals
- Dalian University of Technology
- Dalian 116012
- China
| | - Guang-Bo Ge
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Resource Discovery
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Dalian 116023
- China
| | - Ling Yang
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Resource Discovery
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Dalian 116023
- China
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