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Ma Y, Yu M, Wang H. Development, validation and application of a UPLC-MS/MS method for simultaneous quantification of OPC-61815 and its metabolites tolvaptan, DM-4103 and DM-4107 in human plasma. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2024; 1242:124213. [PMID: 38909567 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2024.124213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2024] [Revised: 06/12/2024] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 06/25/2024]
Abstract
OPC-61815 is an intravenous formulation vasopressin antagonist designed to treat heart failure patients, especially who have difficulty in oral intake. Tolvaptan together with DM-4103 and DM-4107 are considered as the major metabolites of OPC-61815 biotransformed in the liver via cytochrome P450 (CYP) 3A. An efficient and robust ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) method for quantification of OPC-61815 and its three metabolites in human plasma was developed and fully validated. To our best knowledge, it was the first published method that simultaneously quantified all of these four analytes in only one run. Simple and rapid sample preparation procedure and very short UPLC-MS/MS run time (3.5 min) offered OPC-61815 and its metabolites relatively high throughput detection, which was greatly beneficial to further clinical bio-sample analysis. The method showed good linearity and sufficient sensitivity in the range of 2.00-1000 ng/mL with a low limit of quantitation (2.00 ng/mL) for each analyte. For samples with concentrations above 1000 ng/mL, 100-fold dilution with blank plasma before sample preparation was accepted. High precision and accuracy, high selectivity and satisfactory recovery of this method were demonstrated. For all of the four analytes, no significant matrix effect or carry-over was observed. The stability of analytes and internal standards under different conditions were evaluated to ensure they were stable during the whole period of storage, preparation and detection. Also, re-injection reproducibility was investigated. In addition, the conversion test showed that almost no OPC-61815 converted into DM-4103 and DM-4107 during sample processing, while attention should be paid to the concentration difference between OPC-61815 and tolvaptan in bioanalysis. The developed UPLC-MS/MS method was successfully applied to an open, single and multiple dose administration phase I trial for monitoring the pharmacokinetics of OPC-61815. This work provided a promising way for further pharmacokinetic study of OPC-61815.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yufang Ma
- Clinical Pharmacology Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, NMPA Key Laboratory for Clinical Research and Evaluation of Drug, Beijing Key Laboratory of Clinical PK & PD Investigation for Innovative Drugs, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Mengyang Yu
- Clinical Pharmacology Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, NMPA Key Laboratory for Clinical Research and Evaluation of Drug, Beijing Key Laboratory of Clinical PK & PD Investigation for Innovative Drugs, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Hongyun Wang
- Clinical Pharmacology Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, NMPA Key Laboratory for Clinical Research and Evaluation of Drug, Beijing Key Laboratory of Clinical PK & PD Investigation for Innovative Drugs, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China.
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Hashmi SA, Alegete P. QbD green analytical procedure for the quantification of tolvaptan by utilizing stability indicating UHPLC method. BMC Chem 2024; 18:122. [PMID: 38943221 PMCID: PMC11212186 DOI: 10.1186/s13065-024-01214-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 07/01/2024] Open
Abstract
For the first time a new QbD-assisted green stability indicating ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC) method was developed and validated for quantifying Tolvaptan. The method is simple, quick, cost-effective, and stable, and it was used to formulate a quality target product profile (QTPP) with strategically defined critical analytical attributes (CAAs) to meet specific criteria. Chromatographic separation was undertaken using a 10 cm long column of ACE excel super C18 with an interior diameter of 2.1 mm and particle size of 1.7 µm. The analysis was performed under controlled conditions at 25 ℃ with the mobile phase flowing at a rate of 0.2 mL/min and detection occurring at 220 nm. Injected 3 µL of standard by using an isocratic mobile phase system consisting of acetonitrile and water in a 95:5 v/v ratio. The diluents, prepared by mixing acetonitrile with water at a 90:10 volumetric ratio, were utilized. The analyte's retention time was determined to be 1.63 min. The developed method provided reliable results with accuracy exceeding 99% and a correlation coefficient exceeding 0.999 ranged between 10 and 150 µg/mL across the range for LOQ-150% levels. Notably, during forced degradation testing, Tolvaptan exhibited susceptibility to acidic hydrolysis. The method effectively separated degradation products during stress testing, demonstrating its stability-indicating status. Environmental sustainability assessment of the developed method was conducted through the investigation of various indicators of Complex GAPI, Analytical Eco scale and Analytical GREEness and it was concluded the optimized method aligns with environmentally friendly practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shadab Anwar Hashmi
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Pallavi Alegete
- Department of Analytical and Structural Chemistry, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad, Telengana, 500007, India.
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, Uttar Pradesh, India.
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Karadurmus L, Budak F, Cetinkaya A, Atici EB, Ozkan SA. Development of highly selective and sensitive molecularly imprinted polymer-based electrochemical sensors for tolvaptan assay in tablets and serum. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2023; 15:5316-5322. [PMID: 37807938 DOI: 10.1039/d3ay01454a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
In this research, two different molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP)-based electrochemical sensors were proposed for the determination of tolvaptan (TOL). Photopolymerization (PP) and thermal polymerization (TP) techniques were developed for the determination of TOL. The advantages of MIP were used to design an electrochemical sensor for selective and sensitive determination of TOL. TOL was determined on a glassy carbon electrode (GCE) using differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) for both techniques. Some important parameters affecting the sensor efficiency, such as template/monomer ratio, PP and TP time, drop volume, removal solutions, removal and rebinding time, etc., were optimized. The surface characterization of the proposed MIP-based electrochemical sensors was carried out with electrochemical characterization by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and cyclic voltammetry (CV) methods. It was extended with the scanning electron microscopy (SEM) technique. Under optimal conditions, the developed sensors showed good linearity between 1.0 × 10-11 M and 1.0 × 10-10 M, and 2.5 × 10-11 M and 2.5 × 10-10 M for PP and TP, respectively. Low detection limits (2.89 × 10-12 M (PP) and 1.88 × 10-13 M (TP)) were also obtained for TOL determination. The applicability of the proposed sensor was evaluated using tablet and commercial human serum samples. Interference and imprinting factor studies verified the selectivity and specificity of the proposed sensors, and the efficiency of the sensors was verified using an unprinted polymer for comparison at each step.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leyla Karadurmus
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Adıyaman University, Adıyaman, Turkey.
| | - Fatma Budak
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ankara University, 06560, Ankara, Turkey.
- Graduate School of Health Sciences, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Cetinkaya
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ankara University, 06560, Ankara, Turkey.
- Graduate School of Health Sciences, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
| | | | - Sibel A Ozkan
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ankara University, 06560, Ankara, Turkey.
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Liu YJ, Bian Y, Zhang Y, Zhang YX, Ren A, Lin SH, Feng XS, Zhang XY. Diuretics in Different Samples: Update on the Pretreatment and Analysis Techniques. Crit Rev Anal Chem 2023:1-33. [PMID: 37130012 DOI: 10.1080/10408347.2023.2202260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Diuretics are drugs that promote the excretion of water and electrolytes in the body and produce diuretic effects. Clinically, they are often used in the treatment of edema caused by various reasons and hypertension. In sports, diuretics are banned by the World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA). Therefore, in order to monitor blood drug concentration, identify drug quality and maintain the fairness of sports competition, accurate, rapid, highly selective and sensitive detection methods are essential. This review provides a comprehensive summary of the pretreatment and detection of diuretics in various samples since 2015. Commonly used techniques to extract diuretics include liquid-liquid extraction, liquid-phase microextraction, solid-phase extraction, solid-phase microextraction, among others. Determination methods include methods based on liquid chromatography, fluorescent spectroscopy, electrochemical sensor method, capillary electrophoresis and so on. The advantages and disadvantages of various pretreatment and analytical techniques are elaborated. In addition, future development prospects of these techniques are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Jie Liu
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yu Bian
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yuan Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yi-Xin Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Ai Ren
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Shu-Han Lin
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, China
| | - Xue-Song Feng
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xin-Yuan Zhang
- School of Forensic Medicine, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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Formulation Approaches for Improving the Dissolution Behavior and Bioavailability of Tolvaptan Using SMEDDS. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14020415. [PMID: 35214147 PMCID: PMC8879311 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14020415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2021] [Revised: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Tolvaptan, a selective vasopressin receptor antagonist, is a Class IV agent of Biopharmaceutical Classification System (BCS). To improve bioavailability after oral administration, the new tolvaptan-loaded self-microemulsifying drug delivery system (SMEDDS) was further optimized using a “design of the experiment (DoE)” including components of D-optional mixture design. Based on a solubility study of tolvaptan in various oils, surfactants, and cosurfactants, Capryol® 90, Tween 20, and Transcutol® HP [or polyethylene glycol 200 (PEG 200)] were finally selected for optimization of tolvaptan-loaded SMEDDS formulations. The fitting models of, and poly-nominal equations for, all response variables were acceptable, as revealed by analysis of variance (ANOVA, R2 > 0.900, p < 0.0001). The optimized formulations A-1 (Capryol® 90/Tween 20/Transcutol® HP = 10%/70%/20% w/w) and B-1 (Capryol® 90/Tween 20/PEG 200 = 10%/70%/20% w/w) with desirabilities of 0.905 and 1.000, respectively, showed low droplet size and the dissolution rate exceeded 95% at 15 and 60 min. The tolvaptan-loaded SMEDDS remained stable for 3 months under accelerated conditions, thus with no change in any of content, color, particle size, or dissolution rate. In a rat pharmacokinetic study, the bioavailability of formulations A-1 (16.6%) and B-1 (11.5%) were 23–33-fold higher than that of raw tolvaptan powder (0.5%). Thus, the use of “quality by design (QbD)” during development of tolvaptan-loaded SMEDDS improved the dissolution rate and oral drug bioavailability.
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Simultaneous determination of canrenone, digoxin and tolvaptan by UHPLC-MS/MS: application in heart failure patients. Bioanalysis 2020; 12:569-582. [PMID: 32469241 DOI: 10.4155/bio-2020-0037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: Heart failure patients are frequently given comedication of digoxin and diuretics like spironolactone and tolvaptan. A UHPLC-MS/MS assay for determining canrenone (main active metabolite of spironolactone), digoxin and tolvaptan simultaneously should be developed so as to support related drug-drug interaction studies. Results: A UHPLC-MS/MS method for simultaneous determination of these three drugs in human plasma was established and fully verified as per CFDA guidelines. Chromatographic separation was achieved using a 4-min isocratic elution. Mass analyses were performed under positive electrospray ionization mode. The calibration curves were established over 1.0-400.0 ng/ml for canrenone and tolvaptan while over 0.1-40.0 ng/ml for digoxin. Conclusion: The developed method was feasible in detecting concentration and related drug-drug interaction studies.
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Hoshikawa K, Naito T, Saotome M, Maekawa Y, Kawakami J. Validated liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry method for simultaneous quantitation of tolvaptan and its five major metabolites in human plasma. Ann Clin Biochem 2019; 56:387-396. [DOI: 10.1177/0004563219827045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Background Tolvaptan is converted to major metabolites including three monohydroxylates (DM-4110, DM-4111 and DM-4119), an oxidate (MOP-21826) and a carboxylate (DM-4103) in humans. This study developed a simultaneous quantitative method for tolvaptan and its five major metabolites in human plasma using liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry. Methods Deproteinized plasma specimens using acetonitrile were separated using a 3- μm particle size octadecylsilyl column with 250 mm length and a simple linear gradient program at a flow rate of 0.3 mL/min with a total run time of 15 min. This method was applied to the determination of plasma samples collected from 20 heart failure patients treated with 3.75–15 mg tolvaptan. Results No interfering peak was found in drug-free plasma specimens. The calibration curves of tolvaptan, DM-4110, DM-4111, DM-4119, MOP-21826 and DM-4103 were linear over the concentration ranges of 3.125–1000, 0.3125–100, 1.25–400, 0.625–200, 0.125–40 and 31.25–10,000 ng/mL, respectively. Their pretreatment recovery rates and matrix factors were 94.1–113.9% and 86.9–108.0%, respectively. The intra- and inter-day accuracies and imprecisions were 91.6–106.5% and 0.9–10.9%, respectively, for all analytes. The plasma concentration ranges of tolvaptan, DM-4110, DM-4111, DM-4119, MOP-21826 and DM-4103 were 9.37–280, 1.91–16.3, 3.43–88.9, 1.43–10.4, 0.160–1.01 and 40.2–1471 ng/mL, respectively, in heart failure patients. Conclusions This validated method with acceptable analytical performance can be utilized for evaluating the pharmacokinetics of oral tolvaptan, including the determination of its major metabolites, in heart failure patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kohei Hoshikawa
- Department of Hospital Pharmacy, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - Takafumi Naito
- Department of Hospital Pharmacy, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - Masao Saotome
- Third Department of Internal Medicine, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - Yuichiro Maekawa
- Third Department of Internal Medicine, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - Junichi Kawakami
- Department of Hospital Pharmacy, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan
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Beaudoin JJ, Bezençon J, Cao Y, Mizuno K, Roth SE, Brock WJ, Brouwer KLR. Altered Hepatobiliary Disposition of Tolvaptan and Selected Tolvaptan Metabolites in a Rodent Model of Polycystic Kidney Disease. Drug Metab Dispos 2018; 47:155-163. [PMID: 30504136 DOI: 10.1124/dmd.118.083907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2018] [Accepted: 11/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Tolvaptan, a vasopressin V2-receptor antagonist, has demonstrated efficacy in slowing kidney function decline in patients with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD). In the pivotal clinical trial, the incidence of elevated liver enzymes was higher in patients receiving tolvaptan compared with placebo. Adjudication by a panel of expert hepatologists concluded a causal link of tolvaptan to liver injury in patients with ADPKD. An ex situ isolated perfused liver (IPL) study of tolvaptan disposition was undertaken in a rodent model of ADPKD, the polycystic kidney (PCK) rat (n = 5), and compared with wild-type (WT) Sprague-Dawley rats (n = 6). Livers were perfused with tolvaptan, followed by a tolvaptan-free washout phase. Total recovery (mean ± S.D. percentage of dose; PCK vs. WT) of tolvaptan and two metabolites, DM-4103 and DM-4107, quantified by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectroscopy, was 58.14% ± 24.72% vs. 43.40% ± 18.11% in liver, 20.10% ± 9.15% vs. 21.17% ± 12.51% in outflow perfusate, and 0.08% ± 0.01% vs. 0.39% ± 0.32% in bile. DM-4103 recovery (mean ± S.D. percentage of dose) was decreased in PCK vs. WT bile (<0.01% ± <0.01% vs. 0.02% ± 0.01%; P = 0.0037), and DM-4107 recovery was increased in PCK vs. WT outflow perfusate (1.60% ± 0.57% vs. 0.43% ± 0.29%; P = 0.0017). A pharmacokinetic compartmental model assuming first-order processes was developed to describe the rate vs. time profiles of tolvaptan and DM-4103 + DM-4107 in rat IPLs. The model-derived estimate of tolvaptan's biliary clearance was significantly decreased in PCK compared with WT IPLs. The model predicted greater hepatocellular concentrations of tolvaptan and DM-4103 + DM-4107 in PCK compared with WT IPLs. Increased hepatocellular exposure to tolvaptan and metabolites may contribute to the hepatotoxicity in patients with ADPKD treated with tolvaptan.
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Affiliation(s)
- James J Beaudoin
- Division of Pharmacotherapy and Experimental Therapeutics, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina (J.J.B., J.B., Y.C., K.L.R.B.); Tokushima Research Institute, Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Tokushima, Japan (K.M.); Otsuka Pharmaceutical Development & Commercialization, Inc., Rockville, Maryland (S.E.R.); and Brock Scientific Consulting, LLC, Montgomery Village, Maryland (W.J.B.)
| | - Jacqueline Bezençon
- Division of Pharmacotherapy and Experimental Therapeutics, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina (J.J.B., J.B., Y.C., K.L.R.B.); Tokushima Research Institute, Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Tokushima, Japan (K.M.); Otsuka Pharmaceutical Development & Commercialization, Inc., Rockville, Maryland (S.E.R.); and Brock Scientific Consulting, LLC, Montgomery Village, Maryland (W.J.B.)
| | - Yanguang Cao
- Division of Pharmacotherapy and Experimental Therapeutics, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina (J.J.B., J.B., Y.C., K.L.R.B.); Tokushima Research Institute, Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Tokushima, Japan (K.M.); Otsuka Pharmaceutical Development & Commercialization, Inc., Rockville, Maryland (S.E.R.); and Brock Scientific Consulting, LLC, Montgomery Village, Maryland (W.J.B.)
| | - Katsuhiko Mizuno
- Division of Pharmacotherapy and Experimental Therapeutics, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina (J.J.B., J.B., Y.C., K.L.R.B.); Tokushima Research Institute, Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Tokushima, Japan (K.M.); Otsuka Pharmaceutical Development & Commercialization, Inc., Rockville, Maryland (S.E.R.); and Brock Scientific Consulting, LLC, Montgomery Village, Maryland (W.J.B.)
| | - Sharin E Roth
- Division of Pharmacotherapy and Experimental Therapeutics, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina (J.J.B., J.B., Y.C., K.L.R.B.); Tokushima Research Institute, Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Tokushima, Japan (K.M.); Otsuka Pharmaceutical Development & Commercialization, Inc., Rockville, Maryland (S.E.R.); and Brock Scientific Consulting, LLC, Montgomery Village, Maryland (W.J.B.)
| | - William J Brock
- Division of Pharmacotherapy and Experimental Therapeutics, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina (J.J.B., J.B., Y.C., K.L.R.B.); Tokushima Research Institute, Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Tokushima, Japan (K.M.); Otsuka Pharmaceutical Development & Commercialization, Inc., Rockville, Maryland (S.E.R.); and Brock Scientific Consulting, LLC, Montgomery Village, Maryland (W.J.B.)
| | - Kim L R Brouwer
- Division of Pharmacotherapy and Experimental Therapeutics, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina (J.J.B., J.B., Y.C., K.L.R.B.); Tokushima Research Institute, Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Tokushima, Japan (K.M.); Otsuka Pharmaceutical Development & Commercialization, Inc., Rockville, Maryland (S.E.R.); and Brock Scientific Consulting, LLC, Montgomery Village, Maryland (W.J.B.)
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Zhang ZY, Wang X, Liu D, Zhang H, Zhang Q, Lu YY, Li P, Lou YQ, Yang BX, Lu C, Lou YX, Zhang GL. Development and validation of an LC-MS/MS method for the determination of a novel thienoquinolin urea transporter inhibitor PU-48 in rat plasma and its application to a pharmacokinetic study. Biomed Chromatogr 2018; 32. [PMID: 29193233 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.4157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2017] [Revised: 10/05/2017] [Accepted: 11/20/2017] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
A specific, sensitive and stable high-performance liquid chromatographic-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method was developed and validated for the quantitative determination of methyl 3-amino-6-methoxythieno [2,3-b]quinoline-2-carboxylate (PU-48), a novel diuretic thienoquinolin urea transporter inhibitor in rat plasma. In this method, the chromatographic separation of PU-48 was achieved with a reversed-phase C18 column (100 × 2.1 mm, 3 μm) at 35°C. The mobile phase consisted of acetonitrile and water with 0.05% formic acid added with a gradient elution at flow rate of 0.3 mL/min. Samples were detected with the triple-quadrupole tandem mass spectrometer with multiple reaction monitoring mode via electrospray ionization source in positive mode. The retention time were 6.2 min for PU-48 and 7.2 min for megestrol acetate (internal standard, IS). The monitored ion transitions were mass-to-charge ratio (m/z) 289.1 → 229.2 for PU-48 and m/z 385.3 → 267.1 for the internal standard. The calibration curve for PU-48 was linear over the concentration range of 0.1-1000 ng/mL (r2 > 0.99), and the lower limit of quantitation was 0.1 ng/mL. The precision, accuracy and stability of the method were validated adequately. The developed and validated method was successfully applied to the pharmacokinetic study of PU-48 in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Yuan Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Dan Liu
- Proteomics Laboratory, Medical and Health Analysis Center, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Hua Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Qiang Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Ying-Yuan Lu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Pu Li
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Ya-Qing Lou
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Bao-Xue Yang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Chuang Lu
- Department of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Biogen, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Ya-Xin Lou
- Proteomics Laboratory, Medical and Health Analysis Center, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Guo-Liang Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
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