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Lehotay SJ, Le Floch M, Lightfield AR, Couëdor P, Hurtaud-Pessel D, Michlig N, Verdon E. Stability study of selected veterinary drug residues spiked into extracts from different food commodities. Food Addit Contam Part A Chem Anal Control Expo Risk Assess 2023; 40:1198-1217. [PMID: 37582153 DOI: 10.1080/19440049.2023.2240444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Revised: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/17/2023]
Abstract
Analyte stability is more commonly a confounding factor in analytical chemistry than many analysts recognize. In this study, we assessed the stability of 31 common veterinary drugs in water and final extracts of bovine (milk and kidney/liver) and chicken (muscle and egg) matrices. Two different sample preparation methods were evaluated for one-month storage of the final extracts at typical room, refrigerator, and freezer temperatures. Liquid chromatography - mass spectrometry (LC-MS) by triple quadrupole and high-resolution techniques was used for analysis of the extracts spiked at different relevant concentrations for general regulatory purposes (10-1000 ng/g sample equivalent). Comparison of results between two labs demonstrated that stable drugs (≤20% loss) at all tested conditions consisted of danofloxacin, enrofloxacin, florfenicol, flubendazole, hydroxy-flubendazole, flumequine, flunixin, 5-hydroxy-flunixin, lincomycin, and meloxicam. The tested drugs found to be the most unstable (>20% loss at room temperature within a matter of days) consisted of the β-lactams (ampicillin, cefalexin, cloxacillin, and penicillin G). Curiously, the following antibiotics (mostly macrolides) were apparently more stable in sample extracts than water: emamectin, erythromycin, ivermectin, lasalocid, monensin, tilmicosin, tulathromycin, and tylosin. Those and the other drug analytes (ciprofloxacin, doxycycline, florfenicol amine, 2-amino-flubendazole, oxytetracycline, sulfadiazine, sulfadimethoxine, sulfamethazine, and trimethoprim) were mostly stable for a month in refrigerated extracts, especially at higher concentrations, but not in all cases. In practice, freezer storage of extract solutions was found to be acceptable for at least a month, with a few exceptions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven J Lehotay
- U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Eastern Regional Research Center, Wyndmoor, PA, USA
| | - Maïwenn Le Floch
- ANSES Fougeres Laboratory, French National Agency for Food, Environment and Occupational Health & Safety, French and European Union Reference Laboratory for Veterinary Medicinal Product Residues and Pharmacologically Active Dye Residues in Food, Fougères, France
| | - Alan R Lightfield
- U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Eastern Regional Research Center, Wyndmoor, PA, USA
| | - Pierrick Couëdor
- ANSES Fougeres Laboratory, French National Agency for Food, Environment and Occupational Health & Safety, French and European Union Reference Laboratory for Veterinary Medicinal Product Residues and Pharmacologically Active Dye Residues in Food, Fougères, France
| | - Dominique Hurtaud-Pessel
- ANSES Fougeres Laboratory, French National Agency for Food, Environment and Occupational Health & Safety, French and European Union Reference Laboratory for Veterinary Medicinal Product Residues and Pharmacologically Active Dye Residues in Food, Fougères, France
| | - Nicolás Michlig
- U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Eastern Regional Research Center, Wyndmoor, PA, USA
| | - Eric Verdon
- ANSES Fougeres Laboratory, French National Agency for Food, Environment and Occupational Health & Safety, French and European Union Reference Laboratory for Veterinary Medicinal Product Residues and Pharmacologically Active Dye Residues in Food, Fougères, France
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Pourtaghi A, Mohammadinejad A, Asgharian Rezaee M, Saberi MR, Motamedshariaty VS, Mohajeri SA. Application of molecularly imprinted solid‐phase extraction coupled with liquid chromatography method for detection of penicillin G in pasteurised milk samples. INT J DAIRY TECHNOL 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/1471-0307.12833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Abbas Pourtaghi
- Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy Kerman University of Medical Sciences KermanIran
| | - Arash Mohammadinejad
- Pharmaceutical Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute Mashhad University of Medical Sciences Mashhad Iran
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy Mashhad University of Medical Sciences MashhadIran
| | - Mitra Asgharian Rezaee
- Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy Kerman University of Medical Sciences KermanIran
- Pharmaceutical Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology Kerman University of Medical Sciences KermanIran
| | - Mohammad Reza Saberi
- Department of Medical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy Mashhad University of Medical Sciences Mashhad Iran
| | - Vahideh Sadat Motamedshariaty
- Pharmaceutical Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute Mashhad University of Medical Sciences Mashhad Iran
| | - Seyed Ahmad Mohajeri
- Pharmaceutical Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute Mashhad University of Medical Sciences Mashhad Iran
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy Mashhad University of Medical Sciences MashhadIran
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3
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Detection of benzylpenicillin sodium and ampicillin residue based on flower-like silver nanostructures using surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy. RESEARCH ON CHEMICAL INTERMEDIATES 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s11164-021-04574-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Zhou J, An J, Dong C, Zhang Y, Zhao Q, Cui Y, Jiao B. Dissipation and residue determination of penicillin G and its two metabolites in citrus under field conditions by DSPE/UPLC-MS/MS. Biomed Chromatogr 2020; 34:e4962. [PMID: 32783215 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.4962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2020] [Revised: 07/29/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
A rapid determination method of residual penicillin G and its two metabolites in citrus was developed and validated by dispersive solid-phase extraction and ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (DSPE/UPLC-MS/MS). The samples were extracted with 80% acetonitrile and purified with octadecylsilane. High linearity was obtained with correlation coefficients (r2 ) >0.9981. The limits of quantification were 0.005-0.01 mg/kg. The recoveries of penicillin G and its metabolites spiked in blank citrus were within 76.7-107%, with relative standard deviations of 1.3-9.6%. The dissipation dynamics and distribution of penicillin G in citrus followed first-order kinetics, with half-life of 1.7-2.7 days. Penicillin G degraded easily in citrus and the metabolite was mainly penilloic acid, which can exist stably for long time. The terminal residues of penicillin G in pulp, whole citrus and peels were 0.015-0.701, 0.047-7.653 and 0.162-13.376 mg/kg, respectively. The hazard indexes for risk assessment of citrus were significantly <1, suggesting that the health risks to humans after consumption of citrus were insignificant and negligible. These results could provide necessary data for evaluating the safe and proper use of penicillin G in citrus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Zhou
- Citrus Research Institute, Southwest University & Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chongqing, China.,Laboratory of Citrus Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Citrus Products, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Chongqing, China.,Quality Supervision and Testing Center for Citrus and Seedling, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Chongqing, China
| | - Jiao An
- Citrus Research Institute, Southwest University & Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chongqing, China.,Laboratory of Citrus Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Citrus Products, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Chongqing, China.,Quality Supervision and Testing Center for Citrus and Seedling, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Chongqing, China
| | - Chao Dong
- Citrus Research Institute, Southwest University & Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chongqing, China.,Laboratory of Citrus Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Citrus Products, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Chongqing, China.,Quality Supervision and Testing Center for Citrus and Seedling, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Chongqing, China
| | - Yaohai Zhang
- Citrus Research Institute, Southwest University & Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chongqing, China.,Laboratory of Citrus Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Citrus Products, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Chongqing, China.,Quality Supervision and Testing Center for Citrus and Seedling, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Chongqing, China
| | - Qiyang Zhao
- Citrus Research Institute, Southwest University & Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chongqing, China.,Laboratory of Citrus Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Citrus Products, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Chongqing, China.,Quality Supervision and Testing Center for Citrus and Seedling, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Chongqing, China
| | - Yongliang Cui
- Citrus Research Institute, Southwest University & Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chongqing, China.,Laboratory of Citrus Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Citrus Products, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Chongqing, China.,Quality Supervision and Testing Center for Citrus and Seedling, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Chongqing, China
| | - Bining Jiao
- Citrus Research Institute, Southwest University & Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chongqing, China.,Laboratory of Citrus Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Citrus Products, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Chongqing, China.,Quality Supervision and Testing Center for Citrus and Seedling, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Chongqing, China
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Goessens T, Huysman S, De Troyer N, Deknock A, Goethals P, Lens L, Vanhaecke L, Croubels S. Multi-class analysis of 46 antimicrobial drug residues in pond water using UHPLC-Orbitrap-HRMS and application to freshwater ponds in Flanders, Belgium. Talanta 2020; 220:121326. [PMID: 32928381 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2020.121326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2020] [Revised: 06/22/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Increasing anthropogenic pressure and agricultural pollution raises concerns regarding antimicrobial resistance and biodiversity loss in aquatic environments. In order to protect and restore water resources and biodiversity, antimicrobial drug residues should be monitored in all aquatic environments including pond water. Consequently, the objective of this research was to develop and validate a novel multi-residue method for the simultaneous quantification of 46 targeted human and veterinary antimicrobial drugs in pond water. A suitable extraction method based on solid-phase extraction (SPE) was developed, assisted by a fractional factorial design. A broad polarity range of compounds was covered (log P from -4.05 to 4.38), including major representatives of the following classes: sulfonamides, tetracyclines, quinolones, macrolides, lincosamides, nitrofurans, penicillins, cephalosporins, diaminopyrimidines, pleuromutilins and phenicols. All analytes were separated using ultra-high performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC) and detected in full-scan by Orbitrap high resolution mass spectrometry (Orbitrap-HRMS). Good linearity was obtained for all compounds with R2 ≥ 0.993 and goodness-of-fit coefficient (g) ≤ 11.56%. Method detection limits ranged from 10 to 50 ng L-1 and method quantification limits were 50 ng L-1 for all compounds. Acceptable values were obtained for within-day and between-day apparent recoveries (i.e. between 50 and 120%), precision (< 30% and < 45%) and measurement uncertainty (< 50%). Targeted analysis of 18 freshwater ponds throughout Flanders was performed to demonstrate the applicability of the newly developed UHPLC-HRMS method. Overall, 20 antimicrobial drugs were detected with highest concentrations observed for tetracyclines and their transformation products ranging between 51 and 248 ng L-1. Finally, suspect screening was performed suggesting the presence of 14 additional pharmaceuticals including 3 antimicrobial degradation products (e.g. apo-oxytetracycline, amoxicillin penicilloic acid and penilloic acid) and 11 pesticides.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Goessens
- Ghent University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Biochemistry, Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - S Huysman
- Ghent University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Veterinary Public Health and Food Safety, Laboratory of Chemical Analysis, Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - N De Troyer
- Ghent University, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Department of Animal Science and Aquatic Ecology, Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology and Aquatic Ecology, Ghent, Belgium
| | - A Deknock
- Ghent University, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Department of Animal Science and Aquatic Ecology, Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology and Aquatic Ecology, Ghent, Belgium
| | - P Goethals
- Ghent University, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Department of Animal Science and Aquatic Ecology, Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology and Aquatic Ecology, Ghent, Belgium
| | - L Lens
- Ghent University, Faculty of Sciences, Department of Biology, Terrestrial Ecology Unit, Ghent, Belgium
| | - L Vanhaecke
- Ghent University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Veterinary Public Health and Food Safety, Laboratory of Chemical Analysis, Merelbeke, Belgium; Queen's University, School of Biological Sciences, Institute for Global Food Security, Belfast, Ireland
| | - S Croubels
- Ghent University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Biochemistry, Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Merelbeke, Belgium.
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Ma Q, Zhang H, Guo R, Li B, Zhang X, Cheng X, Xie M, Cheng Q. Construction of CuS/TiO2 nano-tube arrays photoelectrode and its enhanced visible light photoelectrocatalytic decomposition and mechanism of penicillin G. Electrochim Acta 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2018.07.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Qiu C, Zhu H, Ruzicka C, Keire D, Ye H. A General LC-MS/MS Method for Monitoring Potential β-Lactam Contamination in Drugs and Drug-Manufacturing Surfaces. AAPS JOURNAL 2018; 20:70. [PMID: 29766324 DOI: 10.1208/s12248-018-0224-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2018] [Accepted: 04/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Penicillins and some non-penicillin β-lactams may cause potentially life-threatening allergic reactions. Thus, possible cross contamination of β-lactams in food or drugs can put people at risk. Therefore, when there is a reasonable possibility that a non-penicillin product could be contaminated by penicillin, the drug products are tested for penicillin contamination. Here, a sensitive and rapid method for simultaneous determination of multiple β-lactam antibiotics using high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) was developed and validated. Mass spectral acquisition was performed on a Q-Exactive HF mass spectrometer in positive ion mode with parallel reaction monitoring (PRM). The method was validated for seven β-lactam antibiotics including one or two from each class and a synthetic intermediate. The quantification precision and accuracy at 200 ppb were in the range of ± 1.84 to ± 4.56 and - 5.20 to 3.44%, respectively. The limit of detection (LOD) was 0.2 ppb, and the limit of quantitation (LOQ) was 2 ppb with a linear dynamic range (LDR) of 2-2000 ppb for all eight β-lactams. From various drug products, the recoveries of eight β-lactams at 200 and 2 ppb ranged from 93.8 ± 3.2 to 112.1 ± 4.2% and 89.7 ± 4.6 to 110.6 ± 1.9%, respectively. The application of the method for detecting cross contamination of trace β-lactams (0.2 ppb) and for monitoring facility surface cleaning was also investigated. This sensitive and fast method was fit-for-purpose for detecting and quantifying trace amount of β-lactam contamination, monitoring cross contamination in manufacturing processes, and determining potency for regulatory purposes and for quality control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Qiu
- Division of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, 645 S. Newstead Ave, St. Louis, Missouri, 63110, USA
| | - Hongbin Zhu
- Division of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, 645 S. Newstead Ave, St. Louis, Missouri, 63110, USA.,ThermoFisher Scientific Inc., 3747 N Meridian Rd, Rockford, Illinois, 61101, USA
| | - Connie Ruzicka
- Division of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, 645 S. Newstead Ave, St. Louis, Missouri, 63110, USA
| | - David Keire
- Division of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, 645 S. Newstead Ave, St. Louis, Missouri, 63110, USA
| | - Hongping Ye
- Division of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, 645 S. Newstead Ave, St. Louis, Missouri, 63110, USA.
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