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Silva MFS, Silva LMA, Quintela AL, Silva FAN, De Oliveira FDCE, Dos S Luciano MC, Rodrigues THS, Filho EGA, Brito ES, Canuto KM, Pessoa C, Zocolo GJ. Bioguided Fractionation of Phyllanthus spp.: Unveiling Anticancer Potential through Metabolomic Correlation and ADMETox Insights. Chem Biodivers 2024:e202400670. [PMID: 38747034 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202400670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
Cancer remains a significant global health concern, with mortality rates steadily rising and prompting an urgent search for effective treatments. This study focuses on the medicinal properties of plants from the Phyllanthus genus, specifically Phyllanthus amarus and Phyllanthus niruri, which have shown promise in traditional medicine. Through bioguided fractionation using preparative high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), bioactive compounds were isolated and identified using ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled to time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UHPLC-QTOF-MSE) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. Chemometric analyses such as principal component analysis (PCA) aided in understanding metabolite distribution. Biological assays demonstrated cytotoxic activities of specific fractions against cancer cell lines, notably the PhyN 4n fraction from P. niruri, which induced S-phase cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in HL60 cells. These findings underscore the anticancer potential of Phyllanthus species and lay the groundwork for future drug development efforts. The study's integration of advanced analytical techniques, chemometrics, and biological assays provides valuable insights for harnessing natural products in the fight against cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Francilene S Silva
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Rua Coronel Nunes de Mello 1127, CEP 60431-970, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Lorena Mara A Silva
- Embrapa Agroindústria Tropical, Rua Doutora Sara Mesquita, 2270 - Pici, CEP 60511-110, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Amanda L Quintela
- Embrapa Agroindústria Tropical, Rua Doutora Sara Mesquita, 2270 - Pici, CEP 60511-110, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Francisca Aliny N Silva
- Embrapa Agroindústria Tropical, Rua Doutora Sara Mesquita, 2270 - Pici, CEP 60511-110, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Fátima de Cássia E De Oliveira
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Rua Coronel Nunes de Mello 1127, CEP 60431-970, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Maria Claudia Dos S Luciano
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Rua Coronel Nunes de Mello 1127, CEP 60431-970, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Tigressa Helena S Rodrigues
- Embrapa Agroindústria Tropical, Rua Doutora Sara Mesquita, 2270 - Pici, CEP 60511-110, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Elenilson Godoy A Filho
- Embrapa Agroindústria Tropical, Rua Doutora Sara Mesquita, 2270 - Pici, CEP 60511-110, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Edy S Brito
- Embrapa Agroindústria Tropical, Rua Doutora Sara Mesquita, 2270 - Pici, CEP 60511-110, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Kirley M Canuto
- Embrapa Agroindústria Tropical, Rua Doutora Sara Mesquita, 2270 - Pici, CEP 60511-110, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Claudia Pessoa
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Rua Coronel Nunes de Mello 1127, CEP 60431-970, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Guilherme J Zocolo
- Embrapa Soja, Rodovia Carlos João Strass, Acesso Orlando Amaral, s/no, Caixa Postal 4006, CEP 86085-981, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil
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Dai L, Cai S, Chu D, Pang R, Deng J, Zheng X, Dai W. Identification of Chemical Constituents in Blumea balsamifera Using UPLC-Q-Orbitrap HRMS and Evaluation of Their Antioxidant Activities. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28114504. [PMID: 37298979 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28114504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2023] [Revised: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Blumea balsamifera (L.) DC., a perennial herb in the Asteraceae family native to China and Southeast Asia, has a notable history of medicinal use due to its pharmacological properties. Using UPLC-Q-Orbitrap HRMS techniques, we systematically investigated the chemical constituents of this plant. A total of 31 constituents were identified, of which 14 were flavonoid compounds. Significantly, 18 of these compounds were identified in B. balsamifera for the first time. Furthermore, the mass spectrometry fragmentation patterns of significant chemical constituents identified in B. balsamifera were analyzed, providing important insights into their structural characteristics. The in vitro antioxidative potential of the methanol extract of B. balsamifera was assessed using DPPH and ABTS free-radical-scavenging assays, total antioxidative capacity, and reducing power. The antioxidative activity exhibited a direct correlation with the mass concentration of the extract, with IC50 values of 105.1 ± 0.503 μg/mL and 12.49 ± 0.341 μg/mL for DPPH and ABTS, respectively. For total antioxidant capacity, the absorbance was 0.454 ± 0.009 at 400 μg/mL. In addition, the reducing power was 1.099 ± 0.03 at 2000 μg/mL. This study affirms that UPLC-Q-Orbitrap HRMS can effectively discern the chemical constituents in B. balsamifera, primarily its flavonoid compounds, and substantiates its antioxidative properties. This underscores its potential utility as a natural antioxidant in the food, pharmaceutical, and cosmetics sectors. This research provides a valuable theoretical basis and reference value for the comprehensive development and utilization of B. balsamifera and expands our understanding of this medicinally valuable plant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liping Dai
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine Resources, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Yunfu 527325, China
- Experimental Center of Yunfu Campus, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Yunfu 527325, China
| | - Shengnan Cai
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine Resources, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Yunfu 527325, China
- Experimental Center of Yunfu Campus, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Yunfu 527325, China
| | - Dake Chu
- Experimental Center of Yunfu Campus, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Yunfu 527325, China
| | - Rui Pang
- Experimental Center of Yunfu Campus, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Yunfu 527325, China
| | - Jianhao Deng
- Experimental Center of Yunfu Campus, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Yunfu 527325, China
| | - Xilong Zheng
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine Resources, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Yunfu 527325, China
| | - Wei Dai
- Experimental Center of Yunfu Campus, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Yunfu 527325, China
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Morlock GE. High-performance thin-layer chromatography combined with effect-directed assays and high-resolution mass spectrometry as an emerging hyphenated technology: A tutorial review. Anal Chim Acta 2021; 1180:338644. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2021.338644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2021] [Revised: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Rapid Identification of Common Secondary Metabolites of Medicinal Herbs Using High-Performance Liquid Chromatography with Evaporative Light Scattering Detector in Extracts. Metabolites 2021; 11:metabo11080489. [PMID: 34436430 PMCID: PMC8398965 DOI: 10.3390/metabo11080489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Revised: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The discovery and identification of novel natural products of medicinal importance in the herbal medicine industry becomes a challenge. The complexity of this process can be reduced by dereplication strategies. The current study includes a method based on high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), using the evaporative light scattering detector (ELSD) to identify the 12 most common secondary metabolites in plant extracts. Twelve compounds including rutin, taxifolin, quercetin, apigenin, kaempferol, betulinic acid, oleanolic acid, betulin, lupeol, stigmasterol, and β-sitosterol were analyzed simultaneously. The polarity of the compounds varied greatly from highly polar (flavonoids) to non-polar (triterpenes and sterols). This method was also tested for HPLC-DAD and HPLC-ESI-MS/MS analysis. Oleanolic acid and ursolic acid could not be separated in HPLC-ELSD analysis but were differentiated using LC-ESI-MS/MS analysis due to different fragment ions. The regression values (R2 > 0.996) showed good linearity in the range of 50–1000 µg/mL for all compounds. The range of LOD and LOQ values were 7.76–38.30 µg/mL and 23.52–116.06 µg/mL, respectively. %RSD and % trueness values of inter and intraday studies were mostly <10%. This method was applied on 10 species of medicinal plants. The dereplication strategy has the potential to facilitate and shorten the identification process of common secondary metabolites in complex plant extracts.
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Emwas AH, Szczepski K, Poulson BG, Chandra K, McKay RT, Dhahri M, Alahmari F, Jaremko L, Lachowicz JI, Jaremko M. NMR as a "Gold Standard" Method in Drug Design and Discovery. Molecules 2020; 25:E4597. [PMID: 33050240 PMCID: PMC7594251 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25204597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2020] [Revised: 10/05/2020] [Accepted: 10/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Studying disease models at the molecular level is vital for drug development in order to improve treatment and prevent a wide range of human pathologies. Microbial infections are still a major challenge because pathogens rapidly and continually evolve developing drug resistance. Cancer cells also change genetically, and current therapeutic techniques may be (or may become) ineffective in many cases. The pathology of many neurological diseases remains an enigma, and the exact etiology and underlying mechanisms are still largely unknown. Viral infections spread and develop much more quickly than does the corresponding research needed to prevent and combat these infections; the present and most relevant outbreak of SARS-CoV-2, which originated in Wuhan, China, illustrates the critical and immediate need to improve drug design and development techniques. Modern day drug discovery is a time-consuming, expensive process. Each new drug takes in excess of 10 years to develop and costs on average more than a billion US dollars. This demonstrates the need of a complete redesign or novel strategies. Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) has played a critical role in drug discovery ever since its introduction several decades ago. In just three decades, NMR has become a "gold standard" platform technology in medical and pharmacology studies. In this review, we present the major applications of NMR spectroscopy in medical drug discovery and development. The basic concepts, theories, and applications of the most commonly used NMR techniques are presented. We also summarize the advantages and limitations of the primary NMR methods in drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdul-Hamid Emwas
- Core Labs, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Kacper Szczepski
- Biological and Environmental Sciences & Engineering Division (BESE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia; (K.S.); (B.G.P.); (K.C.); (L.J.)
| | - Benjamin Gabriel Poulson
- Biological and Environmental Sciences & Engineering Division (BESE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia; (K.S.); (B.G.P.); (K.C.); (L.J.)
| | - Kousik Chandra
- Biological and Environmental Sciences & Engineering Division (BESE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia; (K.S.); (B.G.P.); (K.C.); (L.J.)
| | - Ryan T. McKay
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2W2, Canada;
| | - Manel Dhahri
- Biology Department, Faculty of Science, Taibah University, Yanbu El-Bahr 46423, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Fatimah Alahmari
- Nanomedicine Department, Institute for Research and Medical, Consultations (IRMC), Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University (IAU), Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Lukasz Jaremko
- Biological and Environmental Sciences & Engineering Division (BESE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia; (K.S.); (B.G.P.); (K.C.); (L.J.)
| | - Joanna Izabela Lachowicz
- Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, Università di Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria, 09042 Monserrato, Italy
| | - Mariusz Jaremko
- Biological and Environmental Sciences & Engineering Division (BESE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia; (K.S.); (B.G.P.); (K.C.); (L.J.)
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Kharma A, Jacob C, Bozzi ÍAO, Jardim GAM, Braga AL, Salomão K, Gatto CC, Silva MFS, Pessoa C, Stangier M, Ackermann L, da Silva Júnior EN. Electrochemical Selenation/Cyclization of Quinones: A Rapid, Green and Efficient Access to Functionalized Trypanocidal and Antitumor Compounds. European J Org Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202000216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ammar Kharma
- Institute of Exact Sciences, Department of Chemistry Federal University of Minas Gerais, UFMG 31270‐901 Belo Horizonte MG Brazil
- Division of Bioorganic Chemistry School of Pharmacy University of Saarland 66123 Saarbruecken Germany
| | - Claus Jacob
- Division of Bioorganic Chemistry School of Pharmacy University of Saarland 66123 Saarbruecken Germany
| | - Ícaro A. O. Bozzi
- Institute of Exact Sciences, Department of Chemistry Federal University of Minas Gerais, UFMG 31270‐901 Belo Horizonte MG Brazil
| | - Guilherme A. M. Jardim
- Department of Chemistry Federal University of Santa Catarina 88040‐900 Florianópolis SC Brazil
| | - Antonio L. Braga
- Department of Chemistry Federal University of Santa Catarina 88040‐900 Florianópolis SC Brazil
| | - Kelly Salomão
- Oswaldo Cruz Institute FIOCRUZ 21045‐900 Rio de Janeiro RJ Brazil
| | - Claudia C. Gatto
- Institute of Chemistry University of Brasilia 70904‐970 Brasilia DF Brazil
| | - Maria Francilene S. Silva
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology School of Pharmacy Federal University of Ceará 60430‐270 Fortaleza CE Brazil
| | - Claudia Pessoa
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology School of Pharmacy Federal University of Ceará 60430‐270 Fortaleza CE Brazil
| | - Maximilian Stangier
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie Georg‐August‐Universität Tammannstraße 2 37077 Göttingen Germany
| | - Lutz Ackermann
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie Georg‐August‐Universität Tammannstraße 2 37077 Göttingen Germany
| | - Eufrânio N. da Silva Júnior
- Institute of Exact Sciences, Department of Chemistry Federal University of Minas Gerais, UFMG 31270‐901 Belo Horizonte MG Brazil
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