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Posocco B, Zanchetta M, Orleni M, Gagno S, Montico M, Peruzzi E, Roncato R, Gerratana L, Corsetti S, Puglisi F, Toffoli G. Therapeutic Monitoring of Palbociclib, Ribociclib, Abemaciclib, M2, M20, and Letrozole in Human Plasma: A Novel LC-MS/MS Method. Ther Drug Monit 2024; 46:485-493. [PMID: 38366332 PMCID: PMC11232939 DOI: 10.1097/ftd.0000000000001174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) using cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors (CDK4/6is) is a novel approach for optimizing treatment outcomes. Currently, palbociclib, ribociclib, and abemaciclib are the available CDK4/6is and are primarily coadministered with letrozole. This study aimed to develop and validate an LC-MS/MS method for the simultaneous analysis of CDK4/6is, 2 active metabolites of abemaciclib (M2 and M20), and letrozole in human plasma for use in TDM studies. METHODS Sample pretreatment comprised protein precipitation with methanol and dilution of the supernatant with an aqueous mobile phase. Chromatographic separation was achieved using a reversed-phase XBridge BEH C18 column (2.5 μm, 3.0 × 75 mm XP), with methanol serving as the organic mobile phase and pyrrolidine-pyrrolidinium formate (0.005:0.005 mol/L) buffer (pH 11.3) as the aqueous mobile phase. A triple quadrupole mass spectrometer was used for the detection, with the ESI source switched from negative to positive ionization mode and the acquisition performed in multiple reaction monitoring mode. RESULTS The complete validation procedure was successfully performed in accordance with the latest regulatory guidelines. The following analytical ranges (ng/mL) were established for the tested compounds: 6-300, palbociclib and letrozole; 120-6000, ribociclib; 40-800, abemaciclib; and 20-400, M2 and M20. All results met the acceptance criteria for linearity, accuracy, precision, selectivity, sensitivity, matrix effects, and carryover. A total of 85 patient samples were analyzed, and all measured concentrations were within the validated ranges. The percent difference for the reanalyzed samples ranged from -11.2% to 7.0%. CONCLUSIONS A simple and robust LC-MS/MS method was successfully validated for the simultaneous quantification of CDK4/6is, M2, M20, and letrozole in human plasma. The assay was found to be suitable for measuring steady-state trough concentrations of the analytes in patient samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bianca Posocco
- Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology Unit-CRO Aviano, National Cancer Institute, IRCCS, Aviano, Italy
| | - Martina Zanchetta
- Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology Unit-CRO Aviano, National Cancer Institute, IRCCS, Aviano, Italy
| | - Marco Orleni
- Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology Unit-CRO Aviano, National Cancer Institute, IRCCS, Aviano, Italy
| | - Sara Gagno
- Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology Unit-CRO Aviano, National Cancer Institute, IRCCS, Aviano, Italy
| | - Marcella Montico
- Clinical Trial Office, Scientific Direction-CRO Aviano, National Cancer Institute, IRCCS, Aviano, Italy
| | - Elena Peruzzi
- Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology Unit-CRO Aviano, National Cancer Institute, IRCCS, Aviano, Italy
| | - Rossana Roncato
- Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology Unit-CRO Aviano, National Cancer Institute, IRCCS, Aviano, Italy
- Department of Medicine, University of Udine, Udine, Italy; and
| | - Lorenzo Gerratana
- Department of Medical Oncology-CRO Aviano, National Cancer Institute, IRCCS, Aviano, Italy
| | - Serena Corsetti
- Department of Medical Oncology-CRO Aviano, National Cancer Institute, IRCCS, Aviano, Italy
| | - Fabio Puglisi
- Department of Medicine, University of Udine, Udine, Italy; and
- Department of Medical Oncology-CRO Aviano, National Cancer Institute, IRCCS, Aviano, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Toffoli
- Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology Unit-CRO Aviano, National Cancer Institute, IRCCS, Aviano, Italy
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2
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Banerjee S, Hatimuria M, Sarkar K, Das J, Pabbathi A, Sil PC. Recent Contributions of Mass Spectrometry-Based "Omics" in the Studies of Breast Cancer. Chem Res Toxicol 2024; 37:137-180. [PMID: 38011513 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.3c00223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is one of the most heterogeneous groups of cancer. As every biotype of BC is unique and presents a particular "omic" signature, they are increasingly characterized nowadays with novel mass spectrometry (MS) strategies. BC therapeutic approaches are primarily based on the two features of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) and estrogen receptor (ER) positivity. Various strategic MS implementations are reported in studies of BC also involving data independent acquisitions (DIAs) of MS which report novel differential proteomic, lipidomic, proteogenomic, phosphoproteomic, and metabolomic characterizations associated with the disease and its therapeutics. Recently many "omic" studies have aimed to identify distinct subsidiary biotypes for diagnosis, prognosis, and targets of treatment. Along with these, drug-induced-resistance phenotypes are characterized by "omic" changes. These identifying aspects of the disease may influence treatment outcomes in the near future. Drug quantifications and characterizations are also done regularly and have implications in therapeutic monitoring and in drug efficacy assessments. We report these studies, mentioning their implications toward the understanding of BC. We briefly provide the MS instrumentation principles that are adopted in such studies as an overview with a brief outlook on DIA-MS strategies. In all of these, we have chosen a model cancer for its revelations through MS-based "omics".
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Affiliation(s)
- Subhrajit Banerjee
- Department of Physiology, Surendranath College, University of Calcutta, Kolkata 700009, India
- Department of Microbiology, St. Xavier's College, Kolkata 700016, India
| | - Madushmita Hatimuria
- Department of Industrial Chemistry, School of Physical Sciences, Mizoram University, Aizawl 796004, Mizoram India
| | - Kasturi Sarkar
- Department of Microbiology, St. Xavier's College, Kolkata 700016, India
| | - Joydeep Das
- Department of Chemistry, School of Physical Sciences, Mizoram University, Aizawl 796004, Mizoram, India
| | - Ashok Pabbathi
- Department of Industrial Chemistry, School of Physical Sciences, Mizoram University, Aizawl 796004, Mizoram India
| | - Parames C Sil
- Department of Molecular Medicine Bose Institute, Kolkata 700054, India
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Alshogran OY, Al-Shdefat R, Hailat M. Simple and rapid quantification of ribociclib in rat plasma by protein precipitation and LC-MS/MS: An application to pharmacokinetics of ribociclib nanoparticles in rats. JOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY : JMS 2023; 58:e4984. [PMID: 37950646 DOI: 10.1002/jms.4984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/13/2023]
Abstract
Ribociclib is a cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK4/6) inhibitor and is a standard of care for treating metastatic breast cancer. The drug has moderate oral bioavailability and exhibits permeability-controlled absorption. Novel formulations to enhance ribociclib pharmacokinetics are being developed and tested in rats. This requires developing analytical assays for quantifying ribociclib monitoring in rat plasma. We present a fully validated, sensitive, and simple LC-MS/MS method for measuring ribociclib in rat plasma. Ribociclib-D6 was utilized as an internal standard, and a simple protein precipitation procedure with acetonitrile was used in sample preparation. Excellent assay linearity was observed over a standard curve concentration of 1.008-1027.624 ng/mL. Acceptable intra- and inter-day accuracy and reproductivity were demonstrated for ribociclib quality controls (bias and CV% within ±15%). Complete extraction recovery of ribociclib was achieved, and a negligible matrix effect of analyte to internal standard ratio was observed. Ribociclib was stable at various conditions, including bench-top, freeze-thaw, and short-term stability. Overall, the presented method is simple, sensitive, accurate, and precise and was successfully applied to quantify ribociclib in plasma samples from a pharmacokinetic study of ribociclib suspension and nanoparticle formulation in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Osama Y Alshogran
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Ramadan Al-Shdefat
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jadara University, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Mohammad Hailat
- College of Pharmacy, Al-Zaytoonah University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
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Turković L, Mutavdžić Pavlović D, Mlinarić Z, Skenderović A, Silovski T, Sertić M. Optimisation of Solid-Phase Extraction and LC-MS/MS Analysis of Six Breast Cancer Drugs in Patient Plasma Samples. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:1445. [PMID: 37895916 PMCID: PMC10610126 DOI: 10.3390/ph16101445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 10/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
In the development of bioanalytical LC-MS methods for the determination of drugs in plasma samples in a clinical setting, adequate sample preparation is of utmost importance. The main goals are to achieve the selective extraction of the analytes of interest and attain thorough matrix removal while retaining acceptable ecological properties, cost-effectiveness, and high throughput. Solid-phase extraction (SPE) offers a versatile range of options, from the selection of an appropriate sorbent to the optimisation of the washing and elution conditions. In this work, the first SPE method for the simultaneous extraction of six anticancer drugs used in novel therapeutic combinations for advanced breast cancer treatment-palbociclib, ribociclib, abemaciclib, anastrozole, letrozole, and fulvestrant-was developed. The following sorbent chemistries were tested: octylsilyl (C8), octadecylsilyl (C18), hydrophilic-lipophilic balance (HLB), mixed-mode cation-exchange (MCX and X-C), and mixed-mode weak cation-exchange (WCX), with different corresponding elution solvents. The samples were analysed using LC-MS/MS, with a phenyl column (150 × 4.6 mm, 2.5 μm). The best extraction recoveries (≥92.3%) of all analytes were obtained with the C8 phase, using methanol as the elution solvent. The optimised method was validated in the clinically relevant ranges, showing adequate precision (inter-day RSD ≤ 14.3%) and accuracy (inter-day bias -12.7-13.5%). Finally, its applicability was successfully proven by the analysis of samples from breast cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Turković
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Zagreb, Ante Kovacica 1, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia (Z.M.)
| | - Dragana Mutavdžić Pavlović
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology, University of Zagreb, Marulicev trg 20, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia;
| | - Zvonimir Mlinarić
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Zagreb, Ante Kovacica 1, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia (Z.M.)
| | - Anamarija Skenderović
- GxR&D Analytics Zagreb, Global R&D, Teva Pharmaceuticals, Prilaz Baruna Filipovica 25, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia;
| | - Tajana Silovski
- Department of Oncology, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, Kispaticeva 12, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia;
- School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Salata 3, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Miranda Sertić
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Zagreb, Ante Kovacica 1, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia (Z.M.)
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Turković L, Koraj N, Mlinarić Z, Silovski T, Crnković S, Sertić M. Optimisation of dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction for plasma sample preparation in bioanalysis of CDK4/6 inhibitors in therapeutic combinations for breast cancer treatment. Heliyon 2023; 9:e18880. [PMID: 37593626 PMCID: PMC10432171 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e18880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Revised: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Cyclin D dependent kinase 4 and 6 (CDK 4/6) inhibitors are novel anticancer drugs used in therapeutic combinations with endocrine therapy for breast cancer treatment. Their determination in patient plasma is of high interest as a prerequisite for possible therapeutic drug monitoring. Dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction (DLLME) shows great potential in bioanalytical sample preparation. Its simplicity and speed, along with the suitability for using small amounts of sample and hazardous solvents are some of its main advantages. However, its application on plasma samples is scarce and requires further development. The aim of this work was to explore the applicability of DLLME in the simultaneous extraction of six drugs of interest from human plasma, with an emphasis placed on achieving high extraction recoveries with low sample and solvent consumption. To tackle the low availability and amount of the plasma sample, as well as the complexity of the biological matrix, three novel DLLME modes are proposed: organic sample DLLME (OrS-DLLME), aqueous sample DLLME (AqS-DLLME), and a modified air-assisted DLLME (AA-DLLME). The extractant and disperser type and volume, volume ratios of all the components in the ternary system, effect of pH and salting out were optimised for all three proposed modes of DLLME. Optimised representative DLLME-HPLC-DAD-FLD method was validated and shown to be linear (R > 0.994), precise (RSD ≤13.8%, interday), accurate (bias -13.1-13.1%, interday) and robust (relative effect -3.34-6.08%). Simultaneous extraction of all six drugs with high recoveries (81.65-95.58%) was achieved. Sample volumes used were as low as 50-100 μL, with necessary organic solvent volumes in μL ranges. Greenness scores obtained using the AGREE software were between 0.63 and 0.66, demonstrating compliance with green analytical chemistry principles. Finally, the validated method was successfully applied on breast cancer patient plasma samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Turković
- University of Zagreb Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Natan Koraj
- University of Zagreb Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Zvonimir Mlinarić
- University of Zagreb Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Tajana Silovski
- Department of Oncology, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
- University of Zagreb School of Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Slaven Crnković
- Division of Physiology, Otto Loewi Research Center, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Lung Vascular Research, Graz, Austria
- Institute for Lung Health, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany
| | - Miranda Sertić
- University of Zagreb Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Zagreb, Croatia
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6
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Burke SM, Kamal M, Goey AKL. Development and Validation of a Quantitative LC-MS/MS Method for CDK4/6 Inhibitors Palbociclib, Ribociclib, Abemaciclib, and Abemaciclib-M2 in Human Plasma. Ther Drug Monit 2023; 45:327-336. [PMID: 36728357 PMCID: PMC10175095 DOI: 10.1097/ftd.0000000000001063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 10/23/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The cyclin-dependent kinase 4 and 6 (CDK4/6) inhibitors, palbociclib, ribociclib, and abemaciclib, are standard-of-care agents for patients with hormone receptor-positive human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-negative metastatic breast cancer. In support of therapeutic drug monitoring and clinical pharmacokinetic studies, a liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry assay for the simultaneous quantitation of CDK4/6 inhibitors and the major active metabolite M2 of abemaciclib in human plasma has been developed. METHODS Analytes were extracted from 50 μL of human plasma by precipitating proteins with methanol and then collecting the supernatant. Reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography was performed for analyte separation using a biphasic gradient at a flow rate of 0.25-0.5 mL/min. The total run time was 9.5 minutes. The analytes were detected using MS/MS with electrospray ionization operating in positive ion mode. RESULTS Validation according to the US Food and Drug Administration's guidance showed that the new assay produced accurate (94.7%-107%) and precise (within-run: 1.2%-8.2%; between-run: 0.6%-7.5%) measurements of all analytes over a concentration range of 5-2000 ng/mL. Overall, analyte recoveries were consistent (mean values: 110%-129%). The analytes were also stable in human plasma and the final extract under various storage conditions. Finally, the clinical applicability of the assay was confirmed by quantitation of all analytes in plasma samples obtained from patients treated with CDK4/6 inhibitors. Reproducibility of the measured analyte concentrations in study samples was confirmed successfully by incurred sample reanalysis. CONCLUSIONS A sensitive liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry method to measure CDK4/6 inhibitors was developed and validated according to the Food and Drug Administration criteria. Quantitation of all analytes in clinical plasma samples confirmed that the assay is suitable for therapeutic drug monitoring and clinical pharmacokinetic studies of CDK4/6 inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah M Burke
- Bioanalytics, Metabolomics, and Pharmacokinetics Shared Resource, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, New York
| | - Mustafa Kamal
- Bioanalytics, Metabolomics, and Pharmacokinetics Shared Resource, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, New York
| | - Andrew K L Goey
- Bioanalytics, Metabolomics, and Pharmacokinetics Shared Resource, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, New York
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, New York
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Hirasawa T, Kikuchi M, Takasaki S, Kumondai M, Sato Y, Sato T, Imoto E, Hayakawa Y, Maekawa M, Mano N. High throughput LC/ESI-MS/MS method for simultaneous analysis of 20 oral molecular-targeted anticancer drugs and the active metabolite of sunitinib in human plasma. Heliyon 2023; 9:e16926. [PMID: 37484337 PMCID: PMC10360929 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e16926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Revised: 05/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Many types of oral molecular-targeted anticancer drugs are clinically used in cancer genomic medicine. Combinations of multiple molecular-targeted anticancer drugs are also being investigated, expecting to prolong the survival of patients with cancer. Therapeutic drug monitoring of oral molecular-targeted drugs is important to ensure efficacy and safety. A liquid chromatography/electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry (LC/ESI-MS/MS) has been used for simultaneous determination of these drugs in human plasma. However, the sensitivity of mass spectrometers and differences in the therapeutic range of drugs have rendered the development of simultaneous LC/ESI-MS/MS methods difficult. In this study, a simultaneous quantitative method for 20 oral molecular-targeted anticancer drugs and the active metabolite of sunitinib was developed based on the results of linear range shifts of the calibration curves using four ion abundance adjustment techniques (collision energy defects, in-source collision-induced dissociation, secondary product ion selected reaction monitoring, and isotopologue selected reaction monitoring). The saturation of the detector for the seven analytes was resolved by incorporating optimal ion abundance adjustment techniques. Furthermore, the reproducibility of this method was confirmed in validation tests, and plasma from patients was measured by this method to demonstrate its usefulness in actual clinical practice. This analytical method is expected to make a substantial contribution to the promotion of personalized medicine in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tensei Hirasawa
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, 6-3 Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
| | - Masafumi Kikuchi
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, 6-3 Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University Hospital, 1-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8574, Japan
| | - Shinya Takasaki
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University Hospital, 1-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8574, Japan
| | - Masaki Kumondai
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University Hospital, 1-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8574, Japan
| | - Yu Sato
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University Hospital, 1-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8574, Japan
| | - Toshihiro Sato
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University Hospital, 1-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8574, Japan
| | - Eishi Imoto
- Shimadzu Corporation, 1 Nishinokyo Kuwabara-cho, Nakagyo-ku, Kyoto 604-8511, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Hayakawa
- Shimadzu Corporation, 1 Nishinokyo Kuwabara-cho, Nakagyo-ku, Kyoto 604-8511, Japan
| | - Masamitsu Maekawa
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, 6-3 Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University Hospital, 1-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8574, Japan
| | - Nariyasu Mano
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, 6-3 Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University Hospital, 1-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8574, Japan
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Habler K, Kalla AS, Rychlik M, Vogeser M, Teupser D. Therapeutic drug monitoring in breast cancer therapy - LC-MS/MS method for quantification of the CDK4/6 inhibitors abemaciclib, palbociclib, ribociclib, and major metabolites abemaciclib M20 and M2 in human serum. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2023; 225:115211. [PMID: 36603395 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2022.115211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Revised: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The cyclin-dependent kinase 4 and 6 (CDK4/6) inhibitors palbociclib, ribociclib, and abemaciclib were approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and European Medicine Agency for the treatment of breast cancer between 2015 and 2018. Oral tumor therapeutics extend the options for cancer therapy, but also challenge physicians and patients. The aim of the present work was to establish a semi-automated liquid-chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method for the simultaneous quantification of abemaciclib, its active metabolites abemaciclib M20 and M2, palbociclib, and ribociclib in human serum. Detuning of ribociclib enabled the development of a simultaneous quantification method for abemaciclib, M20, M2, palbociclib, and ribociclib in the respective relevant concentration ranges based on semi-automated sample preparation with isotope dilution LC-MS/MS. The method was validated according to the guidance of the FDA. The LC-MS/MS method was successfully validated according to FDA and showed inaccuracies ≤ 10.7% and imprecisions ≤ 8.51%. Linearity was given from 20 to 800 ng/mL for abemaciclib, 15-600 ng/mL for M20, 10-400 ng/mL for M2 and palbociclib, and 100-4000 ng/mL for ribociclib. Normalized matrix factors and process efficiency showed no significant matrix effects regardless of the analytes. To demonstrate the applicability of the method, authentic samples were also analyzed. This novel semi-automated LC-MS/MS method covering all previously approved CDK4/6 inhibitors as well as the similarly pharmacologically active metabolites in human serum simultaneously was developed for potential future use in routine analysis in order to improve personalized therapy, patient safety, and treatment success.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharina Habler
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany.
| | - Anne-Sophie Kalla
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany; Chair of Analytical Food Chemistry, Technical University of Munich, Germany
| | - Michael Rychlik
- Chair of Analytical Food Chemistry, Technical University of Munich, Germany
| | - Michael Vogeser
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany
| | - Daniel Teupser
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany
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9
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Mlinarić Z, Turković L, Begović I, Nigović B, Sertić M. Rapid Capillary Electrophoresis Method for Simultaneous Determination of Abemaciclib, Ribociclib, and Palbociclib in Pharmaceutical Dosage Forms: A Green Approach. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27217603. [PMID: 36364432 PMCID: PMC9657767 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27217603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Revised: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Advances in the treatment of HR+/HER2- breast cancer phenotype have been made with the introduction of abemaciclib, ribociclib, and palbociclib, inhibitors of cyclin D dependent kinases 4 and 6 (CDK4/6). Here, a novel, fast, cheap, and green CE method for the simultaneous determination of these three CDK4/6 inhibitors in less than 4 min is proposed for the first time. Separation was achieved by capillary zone electrophoresis in an acidic medium, in accordance with the structures of the analytes and their pKa values. The optimal pH of the running buffer was found to be 2.9. The optimal method conditions were 27.5 kV separation voltage, 30 °C, 5 s injection time under 50 mbar pressure, and 50 mM phosphate background buffer with benzimidazole as an internal standard. The developed method was validated with respect to robustness, selectivity, accuracy, precision, linearity, and limits of detection. The method was shown to be linear in the range of 10 to 100 µg mL−1 with correlation coefficients higher than 0.9981. A greenness assessment of the proposed method was performed, and the method was shown to be green. The validated method was successfully applied to pharmaceutical dosage forms of all CDK4/6 inhibitors.
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10
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Bioanalysis by LC-MS/MS and preclinical pharmacokinetic interaction study of ribociclib and oleanolic acid. Bioanalysis 2022; 14:1051-1065. [PMID: 36148926 DOI: 10.4155/bio-2022-0123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Ribociclib (RIBO), approved in 2017 for HR-positive and HER-2-negative metastatic breast cancer treatment is reported to have the potential to induce hepatobiliary toxicity in patients. Oleanolic acid (OLA) has hepatoprotective potential that can be beneficial if coadministered with RIBO. Methodology & results: The primary scope of this study was to develop quantitative bioanalytical methods for RIBO and OLA. Two methods (for +ve electrospray ionization [ESI] and -ve ESI) were developed and validated according to USFDA bioanalytical guidelines. Discussion/conclusion: A single and simple sample preparation method was developed with >75% recovery. The accuracy and precision for RIBO and OLA were within acceptable limits over the calibration range of 5-500 ng/ml. This work reports, for the first time, the drug-drug interaction potential between RIBO and OLA.
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11
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Maekawa M, Miyoshi K, Narita A, Sato T, Sato Y, Kumondai M, Kikuchi M, Higaki K, Okuyama T, Eto Y, Sakamaki H, Mano N. Development of a Highly Sensitive and Rapid Liquid Chromatography–Tandem Mass Spectrometric Method Using a Basic Mobile Phase Additive to Determine the Characteristics of the Urinary Metabolites for Niemann–Pick Disease Type C. Biol Pharm Bull 2022; 45:1259-1268. [DOI: 10.1248/bpb.b22-00185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Aya Narita
- Division of Child Neurology, Tottori University Hospital
| | - Toshihiro Sato
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University Hospital
| | - Yu Sato
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University Hospital
| | - Masaki Kumondai
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University Hospital
| | - Masafumi Kikuchi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University Hospital
| | - Katsumi Higaki
- Division of Functional Genomics, Research Centre for Bioscience and Technology, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University
| | - Torayuki Okuyama
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, National Center for Child Health and Development
| | - Yoshikatsu Eto
- Advanced Clinical Research Center, Institute for Neurological Disorders
| | | | - Nariyasu Mano
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University
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Turković L, Bočkor L, Ekpenyong O, Silovski T, Lovrić M, Crnković S, Nigović B, Sertić M. Development and Validation of a Novel LC-MS/MS Method for the Simultaneous Determination of Abemaciclib, Palbociclib, Ribociclib, Anastrozole, Letrozole, and Fulvestrant in Plasma Samples: A Prerequisite for Personalized Breast Cancer Treatment. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15050614. [PMID: 35631440 PMCID: PMC9147789 DOI: 10.3390/ph15050614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Revised: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Palbociclib, ribociclib and abemaciclib were recently approved as chemotherapeutic agents and are currently in the post-marketing surveillance phase. They are used in combination with aromatase inhibitors anastrozole and letrozole or antiestrogen fulvestrant for HR+, HER2− breast cancer treatment. Here, a novel bioanalytical LC-ESI-MS/MS method was developed for the quantitation of these six drugs in human plasma. The samples were prepared by simple protein precipitation followed by solvent evaporation. A Kinetex biphenyl column (150 × 4.6 mm, 2.6 µm) used for chromatographic analysis adequately resolved even the closely eluting aromatase inhibitors’ peaks. The mobile phase consisted of 0.1% formic acid in water and in ACN, in a linear gradient. An additional gradient step was added to eliminate the observed carry-over. The proposed method was fully validated in the relevant linear ranges covering the expected plasma concentrations of all six drugs (correlation coefficients between 0.9996 and 0.9931). The intra-day method precision (CV) ranged from 3.1% to 15%, while intra-day accuracy (%bias) was between −1.5% and 15.0%. The inter-day precision ranged from 1.6% to 14.9%, with accuracy between −14.3% and 14.6%, which is in accordance with the EMA and ICH guidelines on bioanalytical method validation. The method was successfully applied to samples from patients treated for HR+, HER2− breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Turković
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Zagreb, Ante Kovacica 1, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (L.T.); (B.N.)
| | - Luka Bočkor
- Centre for Applied Bioanthropology, Institute for Anthropological Research, Ljudevita Gaja 32, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia;
| | - Oscar Ekpenyong
- ADME & Discovery Toxicology, Merck & Co., Inc., South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA;
| | - Tajana Silovski
- Department of Oncology, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, Kispaticeva 12, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia;
| | - Mila Lovrić
- Department of Laboratory Diagnostics, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, Kispaticeva 12, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia;
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Zagreb, Ante Kovacica 1, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Slaven Crnković
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Lung and Vascular Research, Neue Stiftingtalstrasse 6/V, 8010 Graz, Austria;
- Division of Physiology, Medical University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Biljana Nigović
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Zagreb, Ante Kovacica 1, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (L.T.); (B.N.)
| | - Miranda Sertić
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Zagreb, Ante Kovacica 1, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (L.T.); (B.N.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +385-1-6394-473
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13
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Shoji S, Maekawa M, Ogura J, Sato T, Mano N. Identification cholesterol metabolites altered before the onset of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis by targeted metabolomics. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2022; 1867:159135. [PMID: 35217199 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2022.159135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Revised: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is a disease with symptoms similar to those of alcoholic liver inflammation without alcohol intake. As an effective treatment strategy has not been established for this disease, a detailed understanding of the pathological progression mechanism is required. We focused on cholesterol metabolites, which are suspected to regulate NASH pathology, and investigated their relationship with the pathological progression in the early stages of NASH. First, the LC/MS/MS methods for bile acids and sterols were optimized and validated. Next, NASH model mice were established by feeding a choline-deficient, methionine-reduced high-fat diet, and the levels of hepatic cholesterol metabolites were measured. As a result, before the onset of NASH, desmosterol, 4β-hydroxycholesterol, campesterol, sitosterol, secondary bile acids such as taurodeoxycholic acid significantly decreased by up to 1/38 of NASH model group. Autoxidation-generated sterols significantly increased 2- to 5-fold, and various primary bile acids such as conjugated β-muricholic acids and cholic acids significantly increased 2- to 7-fold. In this study, the levels of cholesterol metabolites changed in the before the onset of NASH. These metabolic alterations involved in inflammation induction and detoxification for NASH may help the discovery of early diagnostic biomarkers in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saori Shoji
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, 1-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-Ku, Sendai 980-8574, Japan
| | - Masamitsu Maekawa
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, 1-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-Ku, Sendai 980-8574, Japan; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University Hospital, 1-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8574, Japan.
| | - Jiro Ogura
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University Hospital, 1-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8574, Japan
| | - Toshihiro Sato
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University Hospital, 1-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8574, Japan
| | - Nariyasu Mano
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, 1-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-Ku, Sendai 980-8574, Japan; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University Hospital, 1-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8574, Japan
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14
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Maekawa M, Mano N. Cutting edge LC‐MS/MS applications in clinical mass spectrometry ‐Focusing on analysis of drugs and metabolites. Biomed Chromatogr 2022; 36:e5347. [DOI: 10.1002/bmc.5347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2021] [Revised: 01/16/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Masamitsu Maekawa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences Tohoku University Hospital Sendai Miyagi Japan
| | - Nariyasu Mano
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences Tohoku University Hospital Sendai Miyagi Japan
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