1
|
Shang HB, Zhang JM, An Z, Li XQ, Li X, Wu L, Li D. Reversible polarity-switch of thin-layer chromatography by photo-induction with multi-regulation in spatial dimension. Talanta 2024; 271:125654. [PMID: 38224659 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2024.125654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 01/17/2024]
Abstract
Generally, thin-layer chromatography always undertakes the indispensable role in rapid screening and identification of specific compounds. Stationary phase is the core part of thin-layer chromatography with fixed property, which leading to the limitations of separation mode of only regulating the composition of mobile phase. This work was an attempt to fabricate the unique photosensitive thin-layer chromatography to make up the above major drawback. 4-[3-(Triethoxysilyl)propoxy]azobenzene (azo-PTES) was synthesized as photosensitive modifier to fabricate the photosensitive stationary phase, and the transformation of cis-trans structure of azo-PTES proceeds along with polarity difference under 365 nm and 473 nm irradiation. Based on this, the proposed photosensitive thin-layer chromatography shows the reversible switch of polarity of stationary phase by photoinduction, followed by the deserved reversible separation behavior. Furthermore, multi-regulation in spatial dimension was achieved based on the high freedom of spatial regulation of photoinduction, which brings about the integration of stationary phase with different polarity, just by photoinduction. The concept of photosensitive thin-layer chromatography provides new idea for improving separation efficiency and developing multi-dimensional thin-layer chromatography on the one plate.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Bo Shang
- Interdisciplinary Program of Biological Functional Molecules, College of Integration Science, Yanbian University, Yanji City, 133002, Jilin Province, China; Department of Chemistry, National Demonstration Centre for Experimental Chemistry Education, Yanbian University, Yanji City, 133002, Jilin Province, China
| | - Jie-Min Zhang
- Interdisciplinary Program of Biological Functional Molecules, College of Integration Science, Yanbian University, Yanji City, 133002, Jilin Province, China
| | - Zhengjiu An
- Interdisciplinary Program of Biological Functional Molecules, College of Integration Science, Yanbian University, Yanji City, 133002, Jilin Province, China
| | - Xin-Qi Li
- Department of Chemistry, National Demonstration Centre for Experimental Chemistry Education, Yanbian University, Yanji City, 133002, Jilin Province, China
| | - Xia Li
- Interdisciplinary Program of Biological Functional Molecules, College of Integration Science, Yanbian University, Yanji City, 133002, Jilin Province, China
| | - Lixin Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China.
| | - Donghao Li
- Interdisciplinary Program of Biological Functional Molecules, College of Integration Science, Yanbian University, Yanji City, 133002, Jilin Province, China; Department of Chemistry, National Demonstration Centre for Experimental Chemistry Education, Yanbian University, Yanji City, 133002, Jilin Province, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Tzimas PS, Petrakis EA, Halabalaki M, Skaltsounis LA. Extraction solvent selection for Cannabis sativa L. by efficient exploration of cannabinoid selectivity and phytochemical diversity. PHYTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS : PCA 2024; 35:163-183. [PMID: 37709551 DOI: 10.1002/pca.3282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Cannabis sativa L. is attracting worldwide attention due to various health-promoting effects. Extraction solvent type is critical for the recovery of bioactive compounds from the plant, especially cannabinoids. However, the choice of solvent is varied and not adequately warranted elsewhere, causing confusion in involved fields. OBJECTIVE The present work aimed to investigate the effect of extraction solvent on C. sativa (hemp) with regard to cannabinoid recovery and phytochemical profile of the extracts, considering most of the related solvents. METHODOLOGY The majority of solvents reported for C. sativa (n = 14) were compared using a representative hemp pool. Quantitative results for major and minor cannabinoids were rapidly and reliably obtained using ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography coupled with photodiode array detection (UPLC-PDA). In parallel, high-performance thin-layer chromatographic (HPTLC) fingerprinting was employed, involving less toxic mobile phase than in relevant reports. Various derivatisation schemes were applied for more comprehensive comparison of extracts. RESULTS Differential selectivity towards cannabinoids was observed among solvents. MeOH was found particularly efficient for most cannabinoids, in addition to solvent systems such as n-Hex/EtOH 70:30 and ACN/EtOH 80:20, while EtOH was generally inferior. For tetrahydrocannabinol (THC)-type compounds, EtOAc and n-Hex/EtOAc 60:40 outperformed n-Hex, despite its use in the official EU method. Solvents that tend to extract more lipids or more polar compounds were revealed based on HPTLC results. CONCLUSION Combining the observations from UPLC quantitation and HPTLC fingerprinting, this work allowed comprehensive evaluation of extraction solvents, in view of robust quality assessment and maximised utilisation of C. sativa.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Petros S Tzimas
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Natural Products Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Eleftherios A Petrakis
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Natural Products Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Maria Halabalaki
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Natural Products Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Leandros A Skaltsounis
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Natural Products Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Poole CF. Sample preparation for planar chromatography. J Sep Sci 2023; 46:e2300071. [PMID: 36965178 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.202300071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 03/18/2023] [Accepted: 03/19/2023] [Indexed: 03/27/2023]
Abstract
High-performance thin-layer chromatography has favorable properties for high-throughput separations with a high matrix tolerance. Sample preparation, however, is sometimes required to control specific matrix interferences and to enhance the detectability of target compounds. Trends in contemporary applications have shifted from absorbance and fluorescence detection to methods employing bioassays and mass spectrometry. Traditional methods (shake-flask, heat at reflux, Soxhlet, and hydrodistillation) are being challenged by automated instrumental approaches (ultrasound-assisted and microwave-assisted solvent extraction, pressurized liquid extraction, and supercritical fluid extraction) and the quick, easy cheap, efficient, rugged, and safe extraction method for faster and streamlined sample processing. Liquid-liquid extraction remains the most widely used approach for sample clean-up with increasing competition from solid-phase extraction. On-layer sample, clean-up by planar solid-phase extraction is increasingly used for complex samples and in combination with heart-cut multimodal systems. The automated spray-on sample applicator, the elution head interface, biological detection of target and non-target compounds, and straightforward mass spectrometric detection are highlighted as the main factors directing current interest toward faster and simpler sample workflows, analysis of more complex samples, and the determination of minor contaminants requiring high concentration factors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Colin F Poole
- Department of Chemistry, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Wang Y, Pan Y, Yan Z, Zhong Z, Zhang L, Zhang W. Magnetic resin composites for the enrichment of proteins, peptides and phosphopeptides. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2023; 15:3984-3990. [PMID: 37534964 DOI: 10.1039/d3ay01068f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/04/2023]
Abstract
There is growing interest in the development of materials for enriching proteins and phosphoproteins from complex sample matrices for mass spectrometric analysis. Herein, we designed and synthesized two types of magnetic resin composites, i.e., MTS9200@Fe3O4 and FPA90CL@Fe3O4, and assessed their applications as adsorbents for enriching proteins, peptides and phosphopeptides. With the combination of Fe3+-IMAC interaction (MTS9200) or electrostatic attraction (FPA90CL) of resins and the adsorption of Fe3O4, the prepared composites exhibited higher capacities for adsorbing a protein (bovine serum albumin, at 195.71 and 135.03 mg g-1 for MTS9200@Fe3O4 and FPA90CL@Fe3O4, respectively) than MTS9200, FPA90CL and Fe3O4. In addition, due to the contributions of the hydrophobic skeleton of resins and Fe3O4, the magnetic resin composites allowed for efficient enrichment of peptides. Moreover, through Fe3+-IMAC interaction or electrostatic attraction of resins and Fe-O MOAC interaction of Fe3O4 with phosphate groups, phosphopeptides could also be captured. Furthermore, we employed the prepared composites for enriching proteins and phosphopeptides from human serum, where 466 and 506 proteins, and 434 and 356 phosphorylation sites, were detected from human serum after being processed with FPA90CL@Fe3O4 and MTS9200@Fe3O4, respectively. Together, our work revealed the great potential of magnetic resin composites as enrichment materials for proteomics and phosphoproteomics analysis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China.
| | - Yini Pan
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China.
| | - Zhichao Yan
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China.
| | - Zhihua Zhong
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China.
| | - Lingyi Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China.
| | - Weibing Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Ponphaiboon J, Krongrawa W, Aung WW, Chinatangkul N, Limmatvapirat S, Limmatvapirat C. Advances in Natural Product Extraction Techniques, Electrospun Fiber Fabrication, and the Integration of Experimental Design: A Comprehensive Review. Molecules 2023; 28:5163. [PMID: 37446825 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28135163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The present review explores the growing interest in the techniques employed for extracting natural products. It emphasizes the limitations of conventional extraction methods and introduces superior non-conventional alternatives, particularly ultrasound-assisted extraction. Characterization and quantification of bioactive constituents through chromatography coupled with spectroscopy are recommended, while the importance of method development and validation for biomarker quantification is underscored. At present, electrospun fibers provide a versatile platform for incorporating bioactive extracts and have extensive potential in diverse fields due to their unique structural and functional characteristics. Thus, the review also highlights the fabrication of electrospun fibers containing bioactive extracts. The preparation of biologically active extracts under optimal conditions, including the selection of safe solvents and cost-effective equipment, holds promising potential in the pharmaceutical, food, and cosmetic industries. Integration of experimental design into extraction procedures and formulation development is essential for the efficient production of health products. The review explores potential applications of encapsulating natural product extracts in electrospun fibers, such as wound healing, antibacterial activity, and antioxidant properties, while acknowledging the need for further exploration and optimization in this field. The findings discussed in this review are anticipated to serve as a valuable resource for the processing industry, enabling the utilization of affordable and environmentally friendly, natural, and raw materials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Juthaporn Ponphaiboon
- Department of Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Silpakorn University, Nakhon Pathom 73000, Thailand
- Pharmaceutical Biopolymer Group (PBiG), Faculty of Pharmacy, Silpakorn University, Nakhon Pathom 73000, Thailand
| | - Wantanwa Krongrawa
- Department of Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Silpakorn University, Nakhon Pathom 73000, Thailand
- Pharmaceutical Biopolymer Group (PBiG), Faculty of Pharmacy, Silpakorn University, Nakhon Pathom 73000, Thailand
| | - Wah Wah Aung
- Department of Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Silpakorn University, Nakhon Pathom 73000, Thailand
- Pharmaceutical Biopolymer Group (PBiG), Faculty of Pharmacy, Silpakorn University, Nakhon Pathom 73000, Thailand
| | - Nawinda Chinatangkul
- Pharmaceutical Biopolymer Group (PBiG), Faculty of Pharmacy, Silpakorn University, Nakhon Pathom 73000, Thailand
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Siam University, Bangkok 10160, Thailand
| | - Sontaya Limmatvapirat
- Department of Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Silpakorn University, Nakhon Pathom 73000, Thailand
- Pharmaceutical Biopolymer Group (PBiG), Faculty of Pharmacy, Silpakorn University, Nakhon Pathom 73000, Thailand
| | - Chutima Limmatvapirat
- Department of Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Silpakorn University, Nakhon Pathom 73000, Thailand
- Pharmaceutical Biopolymer Group (PBiG), Faculty of Pharmacy, Silpakorn University, Nakhon Pathom 73000, Thailand
| |
Collapse
|