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Wu R, Tian M, Shu C, Zhou C, Guan W. Determination of the critical micelle concentration of surfactants using fluorescence strategies. SOFT MATTER 2022; 18:8920-8930. [PMID: 36440607 DOI: 10.1039/d2sm01320g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The increasing importance of surfactants in various fields has led to growing interest in the comprehensive characterization of surfactants. The critical micelle concentration (CMC), the most fundamental property of surfactants, is a parameter that must be measured. In particular, with the continuous expansion of the molecular structure of surfactants, numerous novel amphiphilic molecules have been developed that are capable of forming ordered aggregates in various solvent systems. Fluorescence spectroscopy, based on the differences in fluorescence intensity and wavelength of the fluorescent probe in the solvent phase and micellar phase, can sensitively detect the CMC of surfactants. This review aims to summarize the various fluorescence methods used to determine the CMC, including aggregation-induced emission (AIE), excimer formation, intramolecular charge transfer (ICT), and other miscellaneous strategies. The difficulties and limitations in the CMC determination process are also described. Further suggestions are provided to guide the existing fluorescence probes and the corresponding fluorescence methods to detect critical aggregation concentrations of amphiphilic molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riliga Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China.
| | - Mingce Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China.
| | - Chang Shu
- Affiliated Eye Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China.
| | - Chengcheng Zhou
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225002, China.
| | - Weijiang Guan
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China.
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2
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Nath S, Bhattacharya B, Sarkar U, Singh TS. Solvent Effects on the Photophysical Properties of a Donor-acceptor Based Schiff Base. J Fluoresc 2022; 32:1321-1336. [PMID: 35366165 DOI: 10.1007/s10895-022-02905-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 02/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
In this work, a donor-acceptor substituted aromatic system ((E)-N-((E)-3-(4 (dimethylamino)phenyl) allylidene)-4-(trifluoromethyl) benzenamine (DPATB) has been synthesized and its detailed photophysics of intramolecular charge transfer process have been explored on the basis of steady state absorption, fluorescence and time resolved spectroscopy in combination with density functional theory calculations. Large solvent dependency fluorescence spectral shift and the calculated large excited state dipole moment clearly indicate an efficient charge transfer occurring from the donor group to the acceptor moiety in the excited state. Effect on addition of acid and pH on steady state spectral properties further reveals excited state charge transfer character. Quantum chemical calculations were performed in order to study the conformation and polarity of DPATB at their ground as well as excited electronic states. The HOMO and LUMO molecular orbital pictures are obtained at DFT level using B3LYP functional and 6-311 + g(d,p) basis set which clearly support excited state intramolecular charge transfer process. The molecular electrostatic potential maps for the optimized ground state, donor twisted and acceptor twisted geometry shed insight on the electrostatic potential and charge distribution in a system which gives information about the reacting site of the probe and nature of the reaction. In this work, detailed photophysics of excited state intramolecular charge transfer process in donor-acceptor system (DPATB) was evaluated using steady state and time-resolved fluorescence spectroscopy in combination with density functional theory calculations. Large solvent dependency fluorescence spectral shift and the calculated large excited state dipole moment clearly indicate an efficient charge transfer occurring in DPATB. Molecular orbital pictures as obtained from DFT based computational analysis reveals a significant change in the distribution of electron density upon transition from HOMO to LUMO which confirms an ICT process occurring from the donor group to the acceptor moiety in the excited state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Surjatapa Nath
- Department of Chemistry, Assam University, Silchar, Assam, India
| | | | - Utpal Sarkar
- Department of Physics, Assam University, Silchar, India
| | - T Sanjoy Singh
- Department of Chemistry, Assam University, Silchar, Assam, India.
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3
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Slow solvation dynamics in supramolecular systems based on bile salts: Role of structural rigidity of bile salt aggregates. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2017.05.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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4
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Investigating Two-Photon-Induced Fluorescence in Rhodamine-6G in Presence of Cetyl-Trimethyl-Ammonium-Bromide. J Fluoresc 2016; 26:1573-7. [PMID: 27324955 DOI: 10.1007/s10895-016-1841-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2015] [Accepted: 05/30/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
We investigate the effect of cetyl-trimethyl-ammonium-bromides (CTAB) concentration on the fluorescence of Rhodamine-6G in water. This spectroscopic study of Rhodamine-6G in presence of CTAB was performed using two-photon-induced-fluorescence at 780 nm wavelength using high repetition rate femtosecond laser pulses. We report an increment of ∼10 % in the fluorescence in accordance with ∼12 % enhancement in the absorption intensity of the dye molecule around the critical micellar concentration. We discuss the possible mechanism for the enhancement in the two-photon fluorescence intensity and the importance of critical micellar concentration.
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Varma YT, Pant DD. Interaction of 6-methoxyquinoline with anionic sodium dodecylsulfate micelles: Photophysics and rotational relaxation dynamics at different pH. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2016; 158:9-17. [PMID: 26775098 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2016.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2015] [Accepted: 01/04/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Interactions of different species of 6-methoxyquinoline (6MQ) with anionic micelles have been studied at different pre-micellar, micellar and post-micellar concentrations using steady state, time resolved fluorescence and fluorescence anisotropy techniques. The sensitivity of fluorescence of 6MQ to change in its local environment was used to probe sodium dodecylsulfate (SDS) micelles. At post-micellar concentrations of SDS, the observed blue shift in the fluorescence spectrum and increase in quantum yield are attributed to the incorporation of solute molecule to micelles. 6MQ has been found to bind to the surface of the anionic micelles instead of penetrating inside the core of micelles. The binding constant (Kb) calculated for 6MQ revealed that the electrostatic forces mediate charged probe-micelle association, whereas, hydrophobic interaction allowed neutral 6MQ to associate with SDS micelles. The charged 6MQ gets inserted deeper into the micelle surface than its neutral form. The fluorescence anisotropy decay of 6MQ in SDS micelles studied at different pH allowed determination of restriction of motion of the fluorophore. The location of the probe molecule in micellar systems is justified by a variety of spectral parameters such as refractive index, dielectric constant, ET(30), average fluorescence decay time, radiative and non-radiative rate constants, and rotational relaxation time. The micro-environment around the fluorophore reveals that the photophysics of 6MQ is very sensitive to the microenvironment of SDS and probe molecules reside at the water-micelle interface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Tej Varma
- Department of Physics, Birla Institute of Technology and Science (BITS) Pilani, Pilani 333031, Rajasthan, India
| | - Debi D Pant
- Department of Physics, Birla Institute of Technology and Science (BITS) Pilani, Pilani 333031, Rajasthan, India.
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Yang D, Zheng R, Wang Y, Lv J. Time-dependent density functional theory study on excited-state spectral and dynamic properties of hydrogen-bonded complexes formed by DMACA and water. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra17132j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Excited-state spectral and dynamic properties of hydrogen-bonded complexes formed by 4-(dimethylamino)cinnamic acid with water molecules were studied using the TDDFT method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dapeng Yang
- College of Mathematics and Information Science
- North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power
- Zhengzhou 450045
- China
| | - Rui Zheng
- College of Mathematics and Information Science
- North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power
- Zhengzhou 450045
- China
| | - Yusheng Wang
- College of Mathematics and Information Science
- North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power
- Zhengzhou 450045
- China
| | - Jian Lv
- College of Mathematics and Information Science
- North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power
- Zhengzhou 450045
- China
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Tej Varma Y, Joshi S, Pant DD. Effect of nanosize micelles of ionic and neutral surfactants on the photophysics of protonated 6-methoxyquinoline: time-resolved fluorescence study. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2015; 138:818-826. [PMID: 25434640 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2014.10.118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2014] [Revised: 10/24/2014] [Accepted: 10/26/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The excited state dynamic studies have been carried out to investigate the effects of micellar surface charge on the photophysics of protonated 6-methoxyquinoline (6MQ(+)) in anionic, sodium dodecylsulphate (SDS), cationic, cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) and neutral, triton X-100 (TX100) surfactant at premicellar, micellar and postmicellar concentrations in aqueous phase at room temperature. At premicellar concentrations of SDS, there is a slight decrease in emission intensity and at micellar and postmicellar concentrations, increase in emission intensity and blue shift of spectrum has been observed. The blue shift in fluorescence spectrum and slight increase in quantum yield are attributed to incorporation of solute molecule to the micelles. Edge excitation red shift (EERS) in fluorescence maximum of 6MQ(+) has been observed in all the surfactant solutions studied. The EERS has been ascribed in terms of solvent relaxation process. In SDS surfactant system, due to heterogeneous restricted motion of solvent molecules, the solvent viscosity increases which results in an increase in net magnitude of EERS. The fluorescence decay components of 6MQ(+) fit with multi exponential functions in all the micellar systems studied. The location of the probe molecule in micellar systems is justified by a variety of spectral parameters such as refractive index, dielectric constant, ET (30), EERS, average fluorescence decay time, radiative and non radiative rate constants, and rotational relaxation time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Tej Varma
- Department of Physics, Birla Institute of Technology and Science (BITS) Pilani, Pilani 333031, Rajasthan, India
| | - Sunita Joshi
- Department of Physics, Birla Institute of Technology and Science (BITS) Pilani, Pilani 333031, Rajasthan, India
| | - Debi D Pant
- Department of Physics, Birla Institute of Technology and Science (BITS) Pilani, Pilani 333031, Rajasthan, India.
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Joshi S, Y TV, Pant DD. Steady state and time-resolved fluorescence spectroscopy of quinine sulfate dication in ionic and neutral micelles: Effect of micellar charge on photophysics. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2013.02.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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9
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Phukan S, Mitra S. Fluorescence behavior of ethidium bromide in homogeneous solvents and in presence of bile acid hosts. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2012.06.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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10
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Mati SS, Mondal TK, Dhar S, Chall S, Bhattacharya SC. Differential contribution of Igepal and CnTAB micelles on the photophysics of nonsteroidal drug Naproxen. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2012; 92:122-130. [PMID: 22446758 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2012.02.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2011] [Revised: 02/02/2012] [Accepted: 02/10/2012] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Spectroscopic studies of Naproxen (NP), a nonsteroidal drug have been carried out in well characterized, micellar media of cationic surfactants of a homologous series having general formula C(n)TAB (alkyl trimethyl ammonium bromide) and of nonionic surfactants of Igepal (Ig) series (poly(oxyethylene) nonyl phenol). The fluorescence behavior of the drug molecule in C(n)TAB micelles has been found to be opposite to that in Igepal micelles. The binding constants during probe micelle binding have been evaluated from relevant fluorescence data. Location and nature of the surrounding medium of the probe in micellar media have been ascertained from fluorescence quenching study. Fluorescence anisotropy parameter has been monitored for exploring the imposed motional restriction of the microenvironment around the probe. Contrasting behavior of the drug molecule has been observed in two different types of micelles. Based on the experimental and theoretical studies, an attempt has been made to explain the different behavior of the probe in different media.
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Paul BK, Guchhait N. Morphological transition of the host-structure influences solvent-relaxation: a wavelength-selective fluorescence exploration through environment-sensitive intramolecular charge transfer photophysics. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2011; 81:590-597. [PMID: 21764363 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2011.06.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2011] [Revised: 06/15/2011] [Accepted: 06/20/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Here, we report the modulation of photo-induced intramolecular charge transfer (ICT) photophysics of N,N-dimethylaminonaphthyl-acrylo-nitrile (DMANAN) associated with sphere-to-rod structural transition of SDS micelles induced by increasing ionic strength of the medium. Emphasis is rendered on the exploration of solvent-relaxation associated with this transition on the basis of wavelength-selective fluorescence technique which includes monitoring of red-edge excitation shift (REES) and excitation/emission anisotropy profiles. Based on micropolarity determination and organization of solvent water around the probe microenvironment we argue that the present results advocate for rod-shaped micelles to be a better mimic for membrane bilayers than spherical micelles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bijan Kumar Paul
- Department of Chemistry, University of Calcutta, 92, A.P.C. Road, Kolkata 700009, West Bengal, India
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Modulation of Intramolecular Charge Transfer Emission Inside Micelles: A Fluorescence Probe for Studying Microenvironment of Micellar Assemblies. J Fluoresc 2011; 22:289-301. [DOI: 10.1007/s10895-011-0959-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2011] [Accepted: 08/30/2011] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Enache M, Volanschi E. Spectral Studies on the Molecular Interaction of Anticancer Drug Mitoxantrone with CTAB Micelles. J Pharm Sci 2011; 100:558-65. [DOI: 10.1002/jps.22289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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14
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Singh TS, Mitra S. Interaction of charge transfer fluorescence probe with non-ionic surfactants: Estimation of physico-chemical properties and association constant. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.5155/eurjchem.1.4.341-347.98] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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15
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Deb N, Bagchi S, Mukherjee AK. Charge transfer complex formation between TX-100/CCl4reverse micelle and a series of π-electron acceptors: determination of cmc and aggregation number. Mol Phys 2010. [DOI: 10.1080/00268971003762126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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16
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Sahoo D, Chakravorti S. Influence of surfactants on the excited state photophysics of 4-nitro-1-hydroxy-2-naphthoic acid. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2010; 9:1094-100. [DOI: 10.1039/c0pp00104j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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17
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Singh T, Mitra S. Fluorescence properties of trans-ethyl-p-(dimethylamino) cinnamate in presence of bile acid host. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2009; 96:193-200. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2009.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2009] [Revised: 06/17/2009] [Accepted: 06/17/2009] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Singh TS, Moyon NS, Mitra S. Effect of solvent hydrogen bonding on the photophysical properties of intramolecular charge transfer probe trans-ethyl p-(dimethylamino) cinamate and its derivative. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2009; 73:630-636. [PMID: 19380249 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2009.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2008] [Revised: 02/25/2009] [Accepted: 03/16/2009] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Intramolecular charge transfer (ICT) behavior of trans-ethyl p-(dimethylamino) cinamate (EDAC) and 4-(dimethylamino) cinnamic acid (DMACA) were studied by steady state absorption and emission, picosecond time-resolved fluorescence experiments in various pure and mixed solvent systems. The large fluorescence spectral shift in more polar solvents indicates an efficient charge transfer from the donor site to the acceptor moiety in the excited state compared to the ground state. The energy for 0,0 transition (nu(0,0)) for EDAC shows very good linear correlation with static solvent dielectric property; however, fluorescence emission maximum, stokes shift and fluorescence quantum yield show significant deviation from linearity in polar protic solvents, indicating a large contribution of solvent hydrogen bonding on the excited state relaxation mechanism. A quantitative estimation of contribution from different solvatochromic parameters was made using linear free energy relationship based on Kamlet-Taft equation.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Sanjoy Singh
- Department of Chemistry, North-Eastern Hill University, Shillong 793022, India
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Fluorimetric study on the charge transfer behavior of trans-ethyl-(p-dimethylamino cinnamate) and its derivative in cyclodextrin cavities. J INCL PHENOM MACRO 2009. [DOI: 10.1007/s10847-008-9527-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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20
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A combined experimental and theoretical study on photoinduced intramolecular charge transfer in trans-ethyl p-(dimethylamino)cinamate. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2008.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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21
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Singh TS, Mitra S. Fluorimetric studies on the binding of 4-(dimethylamino)cinnamic acid with micelles and bovine serum albumin. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2008; 7:1063-70. [DOI: 10.1039/b717475f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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