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Aghelinejad A, Golshan Ebrahimi N. Investigation of delivery mechanism of curcumin loaded in a core of zein with a double-layer shell of chitosan and alginate. Heliyon 2024; 10:e33205. [PMID: 39044993 PMCID: PMC11263642 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e33205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2024] [Revised: 05/22/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/25/2024] Open
Abstract
The pursuit of efficient drug delivery systems has led to innovative approaches such as matrix and core-shell structures. This study explores these systems with a focus on enhancing the delivery and stability of curcumin, a bioactive compound with therapeutic potential. Matrix systems using zein protein were fabricated through coaxial airflow extrusion with a vibration generator, while core-shell systems were produced using concentric nozzles. Double-layer reservoir systems were also formed by coating chitosan-shelled structures with an alginate solution. Encapsulation of curcumin within each system was confirmed through FTIR and optical microscope analysis, followed by efficiency evaluation, which was measured approximately 86.5 ± 0.7 % for the matrix systems and 90 ± 0.8 % for the core-shell systems. Moreover, the particle sizes of matrix systems were measured in the range of 2000-2100 mμ and the particle sizes of single-layer and double-layer reservoir systems were in the ranges of 1600-1700 mμ and 1500-1700 mμ, respectively. The study investigated the stability of curcumin in these systems under various environmental conditions, including exposure to light, heat, pH variations, ions, and storage. Results demonstrated that the presence of multiple layers significantly enhanced the drug's stability. Afterwards, swelling and drug release profiles were assessed in simulated gastric, intestinal, and colon fluids. The swelling of the matrix, single-layer and double-layer reservoir systems after 29 h were 127.4 %, 146.9 % and 144 %, respectively. The matrix system showed 68.7 % drug release after 29 h, whereas single-layer chitosan-shelled and double-layer chitosan/alginate-shelled reservoir systems released 51.8 % and 45.6 % of the drug, respectively. The release mechanism was explored using zero-order, Korsmeyer-Peppas, and Kopcha kinetic models. Comparative analysis of the experimental results and model fittings indicated a deviation from Fickian diffusion, with erosion becoming more pronounced with each additional layer. In conclusion, the system with a zein core and double-layer chitosan/alginate shell displayed effective drug release regulation and enhanced stability of curcumin, making it a promising candidate for efficient drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amitis Aghelinejad
- Polymer Engineering Department, Chemical Engineering Faculty, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nadereh Golshan Ebrahimi
- Polymer Engineering Department, Chemical Engineering Faculty, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
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2
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Stadolnikova PY, Tikhonov BB, Prutenskaya EA, Sidorov AI, Sulman MG. Immobilization of Glucose Oxidase on Sodium Alginate Microspheres. APPL BIOCHEM MICRO+ 2023. [DOI: 10.1134/s000368382301012x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/28/2023]
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3
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Akimoto T, Yasuda K. Content Size-Dependent Alginate Microcapsule Formation Using Centrifugation to Eliminate Empty Microcapsules for On-Chip Imaging Cell Sorter Application. MICROMACHINES 2022; 14:72. [PMID: 36677133 PMCID: PMC9867324 DOI: 10.3390/mi14010072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Revised: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Alginate microcapsules are one of the attractive non-invasive platforms for handling individual cells and clusters, maintaining their isolation for further applications such as imaging cell sorter and single capsule qPCR. However, the conventional cell encapsulation techniques provide huge numbers of unnecessary empty homogeneous alginate microcapsules, which spend an excessive majority of the machine time on observations and analysis. Here, we developed a simple alginate cell encapsulation method to form content size-dependent alginate microcapsules to eliminate empty microcapsules using microcapillary centrifugation and filtration. Using this method, the formed calcium alginate microcapsules containing the HeLa cells were larger than 20m, and the other empty microcapsules were less than 3m under 4000 rpm centrifugation condition. We collected cell-containing alginate microcapsules by eliminating empty microcapsules from the microcapsule mixture with simple one-step filtration of a 20 m cell strainer. The electrical surface charge density and optical permeability of those cell-encapsulated alginate microcapsules were also evaluated. We found that the surface charge density of cell-encapsulated alginate microbeads is more than double that of cells, indicating that less voltage is required for electrical cell handling with thin alginate gel encapsulation of samples. The permeability of the alginate microcapsule was not improved by changing the reflective index of the medium buffer, such as adding alginate ester. However, the minimized thickness of the alginate gel envelope surrounding cells in the microcapsules did not degrade the detailed shapes of encapsulated cells. Those results confirmed the advantage of alginate encapsulation of cells with the centrifugation method as one of the desirable tools for imaging cell sorting applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshinosuke Akimoto
- Department of Pure and Applied Physics, Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University, 3-4-1 Okubo, Shinjuku, Tokyo 169-8555, Japan
| | - Kenji Yasuda
- Department of Pure and Applied Physics, Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University, 3-4-1 Okubo, Shinjuku, Tokyo 169-8555, Japan
- Department of Physics, School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University, 3-4-1 Okubo, Shinjuku, Tokyo 169-8555, Japan
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4
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Xie J, Jia X, Wang D, Li Y, Sun BC, Luo Y, Chu GW, Chen JF. Controllable and high-throughput preparation of microdroplet using an ultra-high speed rotating packed bed. Chin J Chem Eng 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cjche.2021.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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5
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Bina M, Krywko-Cendrowska A, Daubian D, Meier W, Palivan CG. Multicomponent Copolymer Planar Membranes with Nanoscale Domain Separation. NANO LETTERS 2022; 22:5077-5085. [PMID: 35771654 PMCID: PMC9284607 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.2c00332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Domain separation is crucial for proper cellular function and numerous biomedical technologies, especially artificial cells. While phase separation in hybrid membranes containing lipids and copolymers is well-known, the membranes' overall stability, limited by the lipid part, is hindering the technological applications. Here, we introduce a fully synthetic planar membrane undergoing phase separation into domains embedded within a continuous phase. The mono- and bilayer membranes are composed of two amphiphilic diblock copolymers (PEO45-b-PEHOx20 and PMOXA10-b-PDMS25) with distinct properties and mixed at various concentrations. The molar ratio of the copolymers in the mixture and the nature of the solid support were the key parameters inducing nanoscale phase separation of the planar membranes. The size of the domains and resulting morphology of the nanopatterned surfaces were tailored by adjusting the molar ratios of the copolymers and transfer conditions. Our approach opens new avenues for the development of biomimetic planar membranes with a nanoscale texture.
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6
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Madadelahi M, Azimi-Boulali J, Madou M, Martinez-Chapa SO. Characterization of Fluidic-Barrier-Based Particle Generation in Centrifugal Microfluidics. MICROMACHINES 2022; 13:mi13060881. [PMID: 35744496 PMCID: PMC9228483 DOI: 10.3390/mi13060881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2022] [Revised: 05/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022]
Abstract
The fluidic barrier in centrifugal microfluidic platforms is a newly introduced concept for making multiple emulsions and microparticles. In this study, we focused on particle generation application to better characterize this method. Because the phenomenon is too fast to be captured experimentally, we employ theoretical models to show how liquid polymeric droplets pass a fluidic barrier before crosslinking. We explain how secondary flows evolve and mix the fluids within the droplets. From an experimental point of view, the effect of different parameters, such as the barrier length, source channel width, and rotational speed, on the particles’ size and aspect ratio are investigated. It is demonstrated that the barrier length does not affect the particle’s ultimate velocity. Unlike conventional air gaps, the barrier length does not significantly affect the aspect ratio of the produced microparticles. Eventually, we broaden this concept to two source fluids and study the importance of source channel geometry, barrier length, and rotational speed in generating two-fluid droplets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masoud Madadelahi
- School of Engineering and Sciences, Tecnológico de Monterrey, Ave. Eugenio Garza Sada 2501, Monterrey 64849, NL, Mexico;
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan 84156-83111, Iran
- Correspondence: (M.M.); (S.O.M.-C.)
| | - Javid Azimi-Boulali
- School of Engineering and Sciences, Tecnológico de Monterrey, Ave. Eugenio Garza Sada 2501, Monterrey 64849, NL, Mexico;
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Binghamton University, Binghamton, NY 13902, USA
| | - Marc Madou
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA;
| | - Sergio Omar Martinez-Chapa
- School of Engineering and Sciences, Tecnológico de Monterrey, Ave. Eugenio Garza Sada 2501, Monterrey 64849, NL, Mexico;
- Correspondence: (M.M.); (S.O.M.-C.)
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7
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Kalidason A, Saito K, Nanbu Y, Sasaki H, Ohsumi R, Kanazawa A, Kuroiwa T. Biodegradable Crosslinked Chitosan Gel Microbeads with Controlled Size, Prepared by Membrane Emulsification-External Gelation and Their Application as Reusable Adsorption Materials. JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING OF JAPAN 2022. [DOI: 10.1252/jcej.21we061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anchali Kalidason
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Tokyo City University
| | - Kaori Saito
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Tokyo City University
| | - Yuki Nanbu
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Tokyo City University
| | - Hideki Sasaki
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Tokyo City University
| | - Rina Ohsumi
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Tokyo City University
| | - Akihiko Kanazawa
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Tokyo City University
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Alfatama M, Lim LY, Wong TW. Chitosan oleate-tripolyphosphate complex-coated calcium alginate bead: Physicochemical aspects of concurrent core-coat formation. Carbohydr Polym 2021; 273:118487. [PMID: 34560934 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2021.118487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Revised: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 07/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
This study designed chitosan species-coated calcium alginate beads through concurrent core-coat formation. Chitosan oleate was synthesized by carbodiimide chemistry and characterized by 1H NMR and FTIR techniques. Chitosan or chitosan oleate was coated onto the forming alginate or alginate/tripolyphosphate core using vibratory nozzle extrusion-microencapsulation approach, followed by calcium crosslinking. Chlorpheniramine maleate served as a model water-soluble drug. The molecular characteristics, size, shape, morphology, swelling, erosion, water uptake, drug content and drug release profiles of beads were evaluated. Discrete spherical coated beads were obtained through minimizing successive bead adhesion through an interplay of nozzle vibrational frequency and polymeric solution flow rate. The tripolyphosphate ions in the core possessed higher diffusional kinetics than alginate and were better able to attract chitosan species onto bead surfaces to facilitate alginate-chitosan coacervation. Amphiphilic chitosan oleate formed smaller aggregates than chitosan. It interacted with greater ease with core alginate and tripolyphosphate. The gain in alginate/tripolyphosphate interaction with chitosan oleate at the core-coat interface enhanced bead robustness against swelling and water uptake with drug release consequently dependent on the loss of alginate-drug interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mulham Alfatama
- Non-Destructive Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Research Centre, Smart Manufacturing Research Institute, Universiti Teknologi MARA Selangor, 42300 Puncak Alam, Selangor, Malaysia; Particle Design Research Group, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Teknologi MARA Selangor, 42300 Puncak Alam, Selangor, Malaysia; Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin, Besut Campus, 22200, Malaysia
| | - Lee Yong Lim
- Pharmacy, School of Allied Health, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Tin Wui Wong
- Non-Destructive Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Research Centre, Smart Manufacturing Research Institute, Universiti Teknologi MARA Selangor, 42300 Puncak Alam, Selangor, Malaysia; Particle Design Research Group, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Teknologi MARA Selangor, 42300 Puncak Alam, Selangor, Malaysia; Sino-Malaysia Molecular Oncology and Traditional Chinese Medicine Delivery Joint Research Centre, Medical College, Yangzhou University, 136, Jiangyang Middle Road, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province, China.
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10
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Azimi-Boulali J, Madadelahi M, Madou MJ, Martinez-Chapa SO. Droplet and Particle Generation on Centrifugal Microfluidic Platforms: A Review. MICROMACHINES 2020; 11:mi11060603. [PMID: 32580516 PMCID: PMC7344714 DOI: 10.3390/mi11060603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2020] [Revised: 06/17/2020] [Accepted: 06/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The use of multiphase flows in microfluidics to carry dispersed phase material (droplets, particles, bubbles, or fibers) has many applications. In this review paper, we focus on such flows on centrifugal microfluidic platforms and present different methods of dispersed phase material generation. These methods are classified into three specific categories, i.e., step emulsification, crossflow, and dispenser nozzle. Previous works on these topics are discussed and related parameters and specifications, including the size, material, production rate, and rotational speed are explicitly mentioned. In addition, the associated theories and important dimensionless numbers are presented. Finally, we discuss the commercialization of these devices and show a comparison to unveil the pros and cons of the different methods so that researchers can select the centrifugal droplet/particle generation method which better suits their needs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javid Azimi-Boulali
- School of Engineering and Sciences, Tecnológico de Monterrey, Ave. Eugenio Garza Sada 2501, Monterrey 64849, NL, Mexico;
| | - Masoud Madadelahi
- School of Engineering and Sciences, Tecnológico de Monterrey, Ave. Eugenio Garza Sada 2501, Monterrey 64849, NL, Mexico;
- Correspondence: (M.M.); (S.O.M.-C.)
| | - Marc J. Madou
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA;
| | - Sergio O. Martinez-Chapa
- School of Engineering and Sciences, Tecnológico de Monterrey, Ave. Eugenio Garza Sada 2501, Monterrey 64849, NL, Mexico;
- Correspondence: (M.M.); (S.O.M.-C.)
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11
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Fabrication of alginate microspheres for drug delivery: A review. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 153:1035-1046. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.10.233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2019] [Revised: 10/16/2019] [Accepted: 10/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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12
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Wang Y, Liu S, Zhang T, Cong H, Wei Y, Xu J, Ho YP, Kong SK, Ho HP. A centrifugal microfluidic pressure regulator scheme for continuous concentration control in droplet-based microreactors. LAB ON A CHIP 2019; 19:3870-3879. [PMID: 31638632 DOI: 10.1039/c9lc00631a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Droplet microfluidics is an emerging tool in many biological and chemical application areas such as digital polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and in vitro diagnosis because of its extremely small sample volume and wide range of possibilities for on-demand adjustment of droplet properties. Although centrifugal microfluidics has been reported as a viable scheme for droplet generation, there is not much progress as far as droplet manipulation and droplet-based reactions are concerned. In this paper, we report a microfluidic pressure regulator scheme along with the use of microcapillaries for periodic droplet generation and the subsequent fusion. This scheme enables fine control over droplet generation and the fusion process by varying the rotational frequency. To control the solution concentration in droplets, we have implemented several fusion devices, including one-to-one mode using a symmetric structure and ratio-adjustable mode with an asymmetric structure. As an application example, we performed cell transfection using the reported droplet-based technique, which resulted in considerable improvement in terms of transfection efficiency compared to the traditional bulk approach. In another example, we synthesized quasi-2D perovskites with controllable compositions and tunable photoluminescence peaks, thus confirming the volumetric accuracy of this approach down to the nano-liter scale. Compared to the common pressure pulsation approach, our centrifugal force actuation scheme offers the advantages of compactness and highly parallel batch processing. We anticipate that the new scheme will find many applications in cell biology and chemical synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuye Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Shiyue Liu
- School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China
| | - Tiankai Zhang
- Department of Electronic Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China
| | - Hengji Cong
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Yuanyuan Wei
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Jianbin Xu
- Department of Electronic Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yi-Ping Ho
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Siu-Kai Kong
- School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China
| | - Ho-Pui Ho
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China.
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13
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14
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Kuroiwa T, Takada H, Shogen A, Saito K, Kobayashi I, Uemura K, Kanazawa A. Cross-linkable chitosan-based hydrogel microbeads with pH-responsive adsorption properties for organic dyes prepared using size-tunable microchannel emulsification technique. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2016.11.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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15
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Zhu P, Wang L. Passive and active droplet generation with microfluidics: a review. LAB ON A CHIP 2016; 17:34-75. [PMID: 27841886 DOI: 10.1039/c6lc01018k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 504] [Impact Index Per Article: 63.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Precise and effective control of droplet generation is critical for applications of droplet microfluidics ranging from materials synthesis to lab-on-a-chip systems. Methods for droplet generation can be either passive or active, where the former generates droplets without external actuation, and the latter makes use of additional energy input in promoting interfacial instabilities for droplet generation. A unified physical understanding of both passive and active droplet generation is beneficial for effectively developing new techniques meeting various demands arising from applications. Our review of passive approaches focuses on the characteristics and mechanisms of breakup modes of droplet generation occurring in microfluidic cross-flow, co-flow, flow-focusing, and step emulsification configurations. The review of active approaches covers the state-of-the-art techniques employing either external forces from electrical, magnetic and centrifugal fields or methods of modifying intrinsic properties of flows or fluids such as velocity, viscosity, interfacial tension, channel wettability, and fluid density, with a focus on their implementations and actuation mechanisms. Also included in this review is the contrast among different approaches of either passive or active nature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pingan Zhu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China. and HKU-Zhejiang Institute of Research and Innovation (HKU-ZIRI), 311300, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Liqiu Wang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China. and HKU-Zhejiang Institute of Research and Innovation (HKU-ZIRI), 311300, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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16
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Chouljenko A, Chotiko A, Solval MJM, Solval KM, Sathivel S. Chitosan Nanoparticle Penetration into Shrimp Muscle and its Effects on the Microbial Quality. FOOD BIOPROCESS TECH 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s11947-016-1805-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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17
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Eral HB, Safai ER, Keshavarz B, Kim JJ, Lee J, Doyle PS. Governing Principles of Alginate Microparticle Synthesis with Centrifugal Forces. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2016; 32:7198-7209. [PMID: 27311392 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.6b00806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
A controlled synthesis of polymeric particles is becoming increasingly important because of emerging applications ranging from medical diagnostics to self-assembly. Centrifugal synthesis of hydrogel microparticles is a promising method, combining rapid particle synthesis and the ease of manufacturing with readily available laboratory equipment. This method utilizes centrifugal forces to extrude an aqueous polymer solution, sodium alginate (NaALG) through a nozzle. The extruded solution forms droplets that quickly cross-link upon contact with aqueous calcium chloride (CaCl2) solution to form hydrogel particles. The size distribution of hydrogel particles is dictated by the pinch-off behavior of the extruded solution through a balance of inertial, viscous, and surface tension stresses. We identify the parameters dictating the particle size and provide a numerical correlation predicting the average particle size. Furthermore, we create a phase map identifying different pinch-off regimes (dripping without satellites, dripping with satellites, and jetting), explaining the corresponding particle size distributions, and present scaling arguments predicting the transition between regimes. By shedding light on the underlying physics, this study enables the rational design and operation of particle synthesis by centrifugal forces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huseyin Burak Eral
- Process and Energy Department, Delft University of Technology , Delft 2628 CD, The Netherlands
- Van't Hoff Laboratory for Physical and Colloid Chemistry, University of Utrecht , Utrecht 3512 JE, The Netherlands
| | - Eric R Safai
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology , Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Bavand Keshavarz
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology , Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Jae Jung Kim
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology , Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Jisoek Lee
- School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology , Ulsan 44919, Korea
| | - P S Doyle
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology , Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
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18
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Benson JJ, Wackett LP, Aksan A. Production of monodisperse silica gel microspheres for bioencapsulation by extrusion into an oil cross-flow. J Microencapsul 2016; 33:412-420. [DOI: 10.1080/02652048.2016.1202346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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19
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On-chip preparation of calcium alginate particles based on droplet templates formed by using a centrifugal microfluidic technique. J Colloid Interface Sci 2016; 466:20-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2015.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2015] [Revised: 11/29/2015] [Accepted: 12/01/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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20
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Numerical Investigation of Cell Encapsulation for Multiplexing Diagnostic Assays Using Novel Centrifugal Microfluidic Emulsification and Separation Platform. MICROMACHINES 2016; 7:mi7020017. [PMID: 30407391 PMCID: PMC6190305 DOI: 10.3390/mi7020017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2015] [Revised: 01/14/2016] [Accepted: 01/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
In the present paper, we report a novel centrifugal microfluidic platform for emulsification and separation. Our design enables encapsulation and incubation of multiple types of cells by droplets, which can be generated at controlled high rotation speed modifying the transition between dripping-to-jetting regimes. The droplets can be separated from continuous phase using facile bifurcated junction design. A three dimensional (3D) model was established to investigate the formation and sedimentation of droplets using the centrifugal microfluidic platform by computational fluid dynamics (CFD). The simulation results were compared to the reported experiments in terms of droplet shape and size to validate the accuracy of the model. The influence of the grid resolution was investigated and quantified. The physics associated with droplet formation and sedimentation is governed by the Bond number and Rossby number, respectively. Our investigation provides insight into the design criteria that can be used to establish centrifugal microfluidic platforms tailored to potential applications, such as multiplexing diagnostic assays, due to the unique capabilities of the device in handling multiple types of cells and biosamples with high throughput. This work can inspire new development of cell encapsulation and separation applications by centrifugal microfluidic technology.
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21
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Strohmeier O, Keller M, Schwemmer F, Zehnle S, Mark D, von Stetten F, Zengerle R, Paust N. Centrifugal microfluidic platforms: advanced unit operations and applications. Chem Soc Rev 2015; 44:6187-229. [DOI: 10.1039/c4cs00371c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 290] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Review on miniaturization, integration, and automation of laboratory processes within centrifugal microfluidic platforms. For efficient implementation of applications, building blocks are categorized into unit operations and process chains.
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Affiliation(s)
- O. Strohmeier
- Hahn-Schickard
- 79110 Freiburg
- Germany
- Laboratory for MEMS Applications
- IMTEK – Department of Microsystems Engineering
| | - M. Keller
- Hahn-Schickard
- 79110 Freiburg
- Germany
- Laboratory for MEMS Applications
- IMTEK – Department of Microsystems Engineering
| | - F. Schwemmer
- Laboratory for MEMS Applications
- IMTEK – Department of Microsystems Engineering
- University of Freiburg
- 79110 Freiburg
- Germany
| | | | - D. Mark
- Hahn-Schickard
- 79110 Freiburg
- Germany
- Laboratory for MEMS Applications
- IMTEK – Department of Microsystems Engineering
| | - F. von Stetten
- Hahn-Schickard
- 79110 Freiburg
- Germany
- Laboratory for MEMS Applications
- IMTEK – Department of Microsystems Engineering
| | - R. Zengerle
- Hahn-Schickard
- 79110 Freiburg
- Germany
- Laboratory for MEMS Applications
- IMTEK – Department of Microsystems Engineering
| | - N. Paust
- Hahn-Schickard
- 79110 Freiburg
- Germany
- Laboratory for MEMS Applications
- IMTEK – Department of Microsystems Engineering
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22
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Kingsley DM, Dias AD, Chrisey DB, Corr DT. Single-step laser-based fabrication and patterning of cell-encapsulated alginate microbeads. Biofabrication 2013; 5:045006. [PMID: 24192221 PMCID: PMC3890439 DOI: 10.1088/1758-5082/5/4/045006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Alginate can be used to encapsulate mammalian cells and for the slow release of small molecules. Packaging alginate as microbead structures allows customizable delivery for tissue engineering, drug release, or contrast agents for imaging. However, state-of-the-art microbead fabrication has a limited range in achievable bead sizes, and poor control over bead placement, which may be desired to localize cellular signaling or delivery. Herein, we present a novel, laser-based method for single-step fabrication and precise planar placement of alginate microbeads. Our results show that bead size is controllable within 8%, and fabricated microbeads can remain immobilized within 2% of their target placement. Demonstration of this technique using human breast cancer cells shows that cells encapsulated within these microbeads survive at a rate of 89.6%, decreasing to 84.3% after five days in culture. Infusing rhodamine dye into microbeads prior to fluorescent microscopy shows their 3D spheroidal geometry and the ability to sequester small molecules. Microbead fabrication and patterning is compatible with conventional cellular transfer and patterning by laser direct-write, allowing location-based cellular studies. While this method can also be used to fabricate microbeads en masse for collection, the greatest value to tissue engineering and drug delivery studies and applications lies in the pattern registry of printed microbeads.
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Affiliation(s)
- DM Kingsley
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, 110 Eighth St., Troy, NY 12180, USA
| | - AD Dias
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, 110 Eighth St., Troy, NY 12180, USA
| | - DB Chrisey
- Department of Physics, Tulane University, 6823 St. Charles Avenue New Orleans, LA 70118, USA
| | - DT Corr
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, 110 Eighth St., Troy, NY 12180, USA
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23
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Park SI, Kwak IS, Won SW, Yun YS. Glutaraldehyde-crosslinked chitosan beads for sorptive separation of Au(III) and Pd(II): opening a way to design reduction-coupled selectivity-tunable sorbents for separation of precious metals. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2013; 248-249:211-218. [PMID: 23376490 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2013.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2012] [Revised: 12/14/2012] [Accepted: 01/08/2013] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Glutaraldehyde (GA)-crosslinked chitosan beads (GA-CS) are prepared with coagulating solution containing sodium tripolyphosphate and GA, and used for the adsorption of metals from binary-metal solution Au(III) and Pd(II). GA-CS exhibited selective sorption of Au(III) in the Au(III)-Pd(II) mixture. X-ray diffraction analyses showed that Au(III) was reduced to Au(0) following sorption, while Pd(II) was present as unreduced divalent form. Increased GA led to more selectivity toward Au(III), indicating that Au(III) selectivity is attributed to reduction-couple sorption of Au(III) with a reducing agent GA. Furthermore, a 2-step desorption process enabled selective recovery of Pd and Au using 5M HCl and 0.5M thiourea-1M HCl, respectively, leading to pure Pd(II) and Au(III)-enriched solutions. This finding may open a new way to design reduction-coupled selectivity-tunable metal sorbents by combination of redox potentials of metal ions and reducing agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seong-In Park
- Metallic Resources Technology Laboratory, LS-Nikko Copper Inc., Seongnam 463-400, Republic of Korea
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24
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Yang CH, Huang KS, Wang CY, Hsu YY, Chang FR, Lin YS. Microfluidic-assisted synthesis of hemispherical and discoidal chitosan microparticles at an oil/water interface. Electrophoresis 2012; 33:3173-80. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.201200211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2012] [Revised: 05/18/2012] [Accepted: 05/18/2012] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Hui Yang
- Department of Biological Science and Technology; I-Shou University; Taiwan
| | - Keng-Shiang Huang
- The School of Chinese Medicine for Post-Baccalaureate; I-Shou University; Taiwan
| | - Chih-Yu Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering; I-Shou University; Taiwan
| | - Yi-Yao Hsu
- The School of Chinese Medicine for Post-Baccalaureate; I-Shou University; Taiwan
| | - Fang-Rong Chang
- Graduate Institute of Natural Products; College of Pharmacy; Kaohsiung Medical University; Taiwan
| | - Yung-Sheng Lin
- Department of Applied Cosmetology and Master Program of Cosmetic Science; Hungkuang University; Taiwan
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25
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Chen Z, Wang L, Stegemann JP. Phase-separated chitosan-fibrin microbeads for cell delivery. J Microencapsul 2012; 28:344-52. [PMID: 21736519 DOI: 10.3109/02652048.2011.569764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Matrix-enhanced delivery of cells is a promising approach to improving current cell therapies. Our objective was to create cell-laden composite microbeads that combine the attractive features of the natural polymers chitosan and fibrin. Liquid polydimethylsiloxane was used to emulsify a chitosan-fibrinogen solution containing suspended human fibroblast cells, followed by initiation of thrombin-mediated polymerization of fibrin and thermal/pH-mediated gelation of chitosan. Chitosan/fibrin weight percent (wt%) ratios of 100/0, 75/25, 50/50 and 25/75 were investigated. Microbead diameters ranged from 275 ± 99 µm to 38 ± 10 µm using impeller speeds from 600 to 1400 rpm. Fibroblasts remained viable on day 1 post-fabrication in all matrices, but cell viability was markedly higher in high-fibrin microbeads by day 8 post-fabrication. Cell spreading and interaction with the extracellular matrix was also markedly increased in high-fibrin matrices. Such composite microbeads containing viable entrapped cells have potential for minimally invasive delivery of cells for a variety of tissue repair applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhewei Chen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
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26
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Zheng H, Huang Z, Che S. Mesostructured chitosan–silica hybrid as a biodegradable carrier for a pH-responsive drug delivery system. Dalton Trans 2012; 41:5038-44. [DOI: 10.1039/c2dt12347a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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27
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Lan W, Li S, Xu J, Luo G. One-step synthesis of chitosan-silica hybrid microspheres in a microfluidic device. Biomed Microdevices 2010; 12:1087-95. [DOI: 10.1007/s10544-010-9463-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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28
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Theberge A, Courtois F, Schaerli Y, Fischlechner M, Abell C, Hollfelder F, Huck W. Microdroplets in Microfluidics: An Evolving Platform for Discoveries in Chemistry and Biology. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2010; 49:5846-68. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.200906653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 833] [Impact Index Per Article: 59.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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29
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Dohnal J, Štěpánek F. Inkjet fabrication and characterization of calcium alginate microcapsules. POWDER TECHNOL 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2010.02.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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