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Hafez IT, Biskos G. New method for the protection and restoration of calcareous cultural heritage stones by polyelectrolytes and hydroxyapatite nanocrystals. J Colloid Interface Sci 2021; 604:604-615. [PMID: 34280758 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2021.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2021] [Revised: 07/01/2021] [Accepted: 07/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
We have investigated the feasibility of a new two-step protocol for the restoration of marbles. The process employs a polyelectrolyte multilayer film that enhances the chemical affinity between the treated stone and restorative material (hydroxyapatite nanocrystals), through functionalization, while at the same time it attributes an acid resistant property to the resulting system. Surface functionalization and material deposition is achieved through spraying; a simple and versatile application method suitable for objects of various sizes and geometries. Polyelectrolyte (polyethylenimine and polyacrylic acid) deposition was examined through Attenuated Total Reflection Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR) and Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM), and tested through contact angle, water absorption and dissolution experiments. The hydroxyapatite nanocrystals were studied by ATR-FTIR, z-potential, AFM and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), and characterized via contact angle and color alteration measurements. Our results show that the polyelectrolyte multilayer was stable in an aqueous environment with increased acid resistance (up to 46% decrease in mass weight loss when compared with untreated samples) and decreased water absorption (up to 39%). Color measurements of the outer hydroxyapatite layer showed a minimal color alteration for one type of the tested substrates showing low color difference values (ΔΕ* < 5). The results suggest that the proposed method holds great potential for marble restoration as it attributes multi-functionality and is easy to apply.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iosif T Hafez
- Science and Technology in Archaeology and Culture Research Center, The Cyprus Institute, Nicosia 2121, Cyprus; Climate and Atmosphere Research Center, The Cyprus Institute, Nicosia 2121, Cyprus.
| | - George Biskos
- Climate and Atmosphere Research Center, The Cyprus Institute, Nicosia 2121, Cyprus; Faculty of Civil Engineering and Geosciences, Delft University of Technology, Delft 2628 CN, the Netherlands
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Tzachristas A, Malamoudis RI, Kanellopoulou DG, Skouras E, Parthenios J, Koutsoukos PG, Paraskeva CA, Sygouni V. Mineral Scaling in Microchips: Effect of Substrate Wettability on CaCO 3 Precipitation. Ind Eng Chem Res 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.0c03936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Tzachristas
- Department of Chemical Engineering,University of Patras, Patras GR-26504, Greece
- Foundation for Research and Technology Hellas—Institute of Chemical Engineering Sciences, Stadiou Str., Platani, Patras GR-26504, Greece
| | | | - Dimitra G. Kanellopoulou
- Department of Chemical Engineering,University of Patras, Patras GR-26504, Greece
- Foundation for Research and Technology Hellas—Institute of Chemical Engineering Sciences, Stadiou Str., Platani, Patras GR-26504, Greece
| | - Eugene Skouras
- Foundation for Research and Technology Hellas—Institute of Chemical Engineering Sciences, Stadiou Str., Platani, Patras GR-26504, Greece
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of the Peloponnese, Patras GR-26334, Greece
| | - John Parthenios
- Foundation for Research and Technology Hellas—Institute of Chemical Engineering Sciences, Stadiou Str., Platani, Patras GR-26504, Greece
| | - Petros G. Koutsoukos
- Department of Chemical Engineering,University of Patras, Patras GR-26504, Greece
- Foundation for Research and Technology Hellas—Institute of Chemical Engineering Sciences, Stadiou Str., Platani, Patras GR-26504, Greece
| | - Christakis A. Paraskeva
- Department of Chemical Engineering,University of Patras, Patras GR-26504, Greece
- Foundation for Research and Technology Hellas—Institute of Chemical Engineering Sciences, Stadiou Str., Platani, Patras GR-26504, Greece
| | - Varvara Sygouni
- Department of Chemical Engineering,University of Patras, Patras GR-26504, Greece
- Foundation for Research and Technology Hellas—Institute of Chemical Engineering Sciences, Stadiou Str., Platani, Patras GR-26504, Greece
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Lijuan X, Liuyun J, Chengdong X, Lixin J. Effect of different synthesis conditions on the microstructure, crystallinity and solubility of Mg-substituted hydroxyapatite nanopowder. ADV POWDER TECHNOL 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.apt.2014.02.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Redden G, Fox D, Zhang C, Fujita Y, Guo L, Huang H. CaCO3 precipitation, transport and sensing in porous media with in situ generation of reactants. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2013; 48:542-549. [PMID: 24289499 DOI: 10.1021/es4029777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Ureolytically driven calcite precipitation is a promising approach for inducing subsurface mineral precipitation, but engineered application requires the ability to control and predict precipitate distribution. To study the coupling between reactant transport and precipitate distribution, columns with defined zones of immobilized urease were used to examine the distribution of calcium carbonate precipitation along the flow path, at two different initial flow rates. As expected, with slower flow precipitate was concentrated toward the upstream end of the enzyme zone and with higher flow the solid was more uniformly distributed over the enzyme zone. Under constant hydraulic head conditions the flow rate decreased as precipitates decreased porosity and permeability. The hydrolysis/precipitation zone was expected to become compressed in the upstream direction. However, apparent reductions in the urea hydrolysis rate and changes in the distribution of enzyme activity, possibly due to CaCO3 precipitate hindering urea transport to the enzyme, or enzyme mobilization, mitigated reaction zone compression. Co-injected strontium was expected to be sequestered by coprecipitation with CaCO3, but the results suggested that coprecipitation was not an effective sequestration mechanism in this system. In addition, spectral induced polarization (SIP) was used to monitor the spatial and temporal evolution of the reaction zone.
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Affiliation(s)
- George Redden
- Chemical and Biological Engineering, Montana State University , Bozeman, Montana 59717, United States
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Zagklis DP, Koutsoukos PG, Paraskeva CA. A Combined Coagulation/Flocculation and Membrane Filtration Process for the Treatment of Paint Industry Wastewaters. Ind Eng Chem Res 2012. [DOI: 10.1021/ie302086j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dimitris P. Zagklis
- Institute of Chemical Engineering
Sciences, Foundation for Research and Technology, Hellas (FORTH/ICE-HT), Stadiou Street, Platani, Patras, GR
26504, Greece, and Department
of Chemical Engineering, University of Patras, GR 26504, Rion, Patras, Greece
| | - Petros G. Koutsoukos
- Institute of Chemical Engineering
Sciences, Foundation for Research and Technology, Hellas (FORTH/ICE-HT), Stadiou Street, Platani, Patras, GR
26504, Greece, and Department
of Chemical Engineering, University of Patras, GR 26504, Rion, Patras, Greece
| | - Christakis A. Paraskeva
- Institute of Chemical Engineering
Sciences, Foundation for Research and Technology, Hellas (FORTH/ICE-HT), Stadiou Street, Platani, Patras, GR
26504, Greece, and Department
of Chemical Engineering, University of Patras, GR 26504, Rion, Patras, Greece
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