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Surfactant and Block Copolymer Nanostructures: From Design and Development to Nanomedicine Preclinical Studies. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15020501. [PMID: 36839826 PMCID: PMC9963006 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15020501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2022] [Revised: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The medical application of nanotechnology in the field of drug delivery has so far exhibited many efforts in treating simple to extremely complicated and life-threatening human conditions, with multiple products already existing in the market. A plethora of innovative drug delivery carriers, using polymers, surfactants and the combination of the above, have been developed and tested pre-clinically, offering great advantages in terms of targeted drug delivery, low toxicity and immune system activation, cellular biomimicry and enhanced pharmacokinetic properties. Furthermore, such artificial systems can be tailor-made with respect to each therapeutic protocol and disease type falling under the scope of personalized medicine. The simultaneous delivery of multiple therapeutic entities of different nature, such as genes and drugs, can be achieved, while novel technologies can offer systems with multiple modalities often combining therapy with diagnosis. In this review, we present prominent, innovative and state-of-the-art scientific efforts on the applications of surfactant-based, polymer-based, and mixed surfactant-polymer nanoparticle drug formulations intended for use in the medical field and in drug delivery. The materials used, formulation steps, nature, properties, physicochemical characteristics, characterization techniques and pharmacokinetic behavior of those systems, are presented extensively in the length of this work. The material presented is focused on research projects that are currently in the developmental, pre-clinical stage.
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Yeh YQ, Su CJ, Wang CA, Lai YC, Tang CY, Di Z, Frielinghaus H, Su AC, Jeng US, Mou CY. Diatom-inspired self-assembly for silica thin sheets of perpendicular nanochannels. J Colloid Interface Sci 2021; 584:647-659. [PMID: 33198979 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2020.10.114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2020] [Revised: 10/25/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
HYPOTHESIS Multistage silicate self-organization into light-weight, high-strength, hierarchically patterned diatom frustules carries hints for innovative silica-based nanomaterials. With sodium silicate in a biomimetic sol-gel system templated by a tri-surfactant system of hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide, sodium dodecylsulfate, and poly(oxyethylene-b-oxypropylene-b-oxyethylene) (P123), mesoporous silica nanochannel plates with perpendicular channel orientation are synthesized. The formation process, analogous to that of diatom frustules, is postulated to be directed by an oriented self-assembly of the block copolymer micelles shelled with charged catanionic surfactants upon silication. EXPERIMENTS The postulated formation process for the oriented silica nanochannel plates was investigated using time-resolved small-angle X-ray and neutron scattering (SAXS/SANS) and freeze fracture replication transmission electron microscopy (FFR-TEM). FINDINGS With fine-tuned molar ratios of the anionic, cationic, and nonionic surfactants, the catanionic combination and the nonionic copolymer form charged, prolate ternary micelles in aqueous solutions, which further develop into prototype monolayered micellar plates. The prolate shape and maximized surfactant adsorption of the complex micelles, revealed from combined SAXS/SANS analysis, are of critical importance in the subsequent micellar self-assembly upon silicate deposition. Time-resolved SAXS and FFR-TEM indicate that the silicate complex micelles coalesce laterally into the prototype micellar nanoplates, which further fuse with one another into large sheets of monolayered silicate micelles of in-plane lamellar packing. Upon silica polymerization, the in-plane lamellar packing of the micelles further transforms to 2D hexagonal packing of vertically oriented silicate channels. The unveiled structural features and their evolution not only elucidate the previously unresolved self-assembly process of through-thickness silica nanochannels but also open a new line of research mimicking free-standing frustules of diatoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Qi Yeh
- National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center, Hsinchu Science Park, Hsinchu 30076, Taiwan; Department of Chemistry and Center of Condensed Matter Sciences, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Jen Su
- National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center, Hsinchu Science Park, Hsinchu 30076, Taiwan
| | - Chen-An Wang
- National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center, Hsinchu Science Park, Hsinchu 30076, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Chu Lai
- Department of Chemistry and Center of Condensed Matter Sciences, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Yuan Tang
- Instrumentation Center, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Zhenyu Di
- Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Jülich Centre for Neutron Science JCNS, Outstation at MLZ, Garching 85747, Germany
| | - Henrich Frielinghaus
- Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Jülich Centre for Neutron Science JCNS, Outstation at MLZ, Garching 85747, Germany
| | - An-Chung Su
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | - U-Ser Jeng
- National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center, Hsinchu Science Park, Hsinchu 30076, Taiwan; Department of Chemical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan.
| | - Chung-Yuan Mou
- Department of Chemistry and Center of Condensed Matter Sciences, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan.
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Mansour OT, Cattoz B, Beaube M, Heenan RK, Schweins R, Hurcom J, Griffiths PC. Segregation versus Interdigitation in Highly Dynamic Polymer/Surfactant Layers. Polymers (Basel) 2019; 11:polym11010109. [PMID: 30960093 PMCID: PMC6402036 DOI: 10.3390/polym11010109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2018] [Revised: 12/23/2018] [Accepted: 12/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Many polymer/surfactant formulations involve a trapped kinetic state that provides some beneficial character to the formulation. However, the vast majority of studies on formulations focus on equilibrium states. Here, nanoscale structures present at dynamic interfaces in the form of air-in-water foams are explored, stabilised by mixtures of commonly used non-ionic, surface active block copolymers (Pluronic®) and small molecule ionic surfactants (sodium dodecylsulfate, SDS, and dodecyltrimethylammonium bromide, C12TAB). Transient foams formed from binary mixtures of these surfactants shows considerable changes in stability which correlate with the strength of the solution interaction which delineate the interfacial structures. Weak solution interactions reflective of distinct coexisting micellar structures in solution lead to segregated layers at the foam interface, whereas strong solution interactions lead to mixed structures both in bulk solution, forming interdigitated layers at the interface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omar T Mansour
- Faculty of Engineering and Science, University of Greenwich, Medway Campus, Central Avenue, Chatham Maritime, Kent ME4 4TB, UK.
| | - Beatrice Cattoz
- Faculty of Engineering and Science, University of Greenwich, Medway Campus, Central Avenue, Chatham Maritime, Kent ME4 4TB, UK.
| | - Manon Beaube
- Faculty of Engineering and Science, University of Greenwich, Medway Campus, Central Avenue, Chatham Maritime, Kent ME4 4TB, UK.
| | - Richard K Heenan
- Science and Technology Facilities Council, ISIS Facility, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Didcot, Oxfordshire OX11 0QX, UK.
| | - Ralf Schweins
- Institut Laue Langevin ILL, 6 rue Jules Horowitz, 38000 Grenoble, France.
| | - Jamie Hurcom
- School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff CF10 3TB, UK.
| | - Peter C Griffiths
- Faculty of Engineering and Science, University of Greenwich, Medway Campus, Central Avenue, Chatham Maritime, Kent ME4 4TB, UK.
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Mansour OT, Cattoz B, Beaube M, Montagnon M, Heenan RK, Schweins R, Appavou MS, Griffiths PC. Assembly of small molecule surfactants at highly dynamic air-water interfaces. SOFT MATTER 2017; 13:8807-8815. [PMID: 29139528 DOI: 10.1039/c7sm01914a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Small-angle neutron scattering has been used to probe the interfacial structure of foams stabilised by small molecule surfactants at concentrations well below their critical micelle concentration. The data for wet foams showed a pronounced Q-4 dependence at low Q and noticeable inflexions over the mid Q range. These features were found to be dependent on the surfactant structure (mainly the alkyl chain length) with various inflexions across the measured Q range as a function of the chain length but independent of factors such as concentration and foam age/height. By contrast, foam stability (for C < CMC) was significantly different at this experimental range. Drained foams showed different yet equally characteristic features, including additional peaks attributed to the formation of classical micellar structures. Together, these features suggest the dynamic air-water interface is not as simple as often depicted, indeed the data have been successfully described by a model consisting paracrystalline stacks (multilayer) of adsorbed surfactant layers; a structure that we believe is induced by the dynamic nature of the air-water interface in a foam.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omar T Mansour
- Faculty of Engineering and Science, University of Greenwich, Medway Campus, Central Avenue, Chatham Maritime, Kent, ME4 4TB, UK.
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Bayati S, Galantini L, Knudsen KD, Schillén K. Complexes of PEO-PPO-PEO triblock copolymer P123 and bile salt sodium glycodeoxycholate in aqueous solution: A small angle X-ray and neutron scattering investigation. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2016.05.096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Systematic comparison of the functional physico-chemical characteristics and biocidal activity of microbial derived biosurfactants on blood-derived and breast cancer cells. J Colloid Interface Sci 2016; 479:221-233. [PMID: 27390853 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2016.06.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2016] [Revised: 06/12/2016] [Accepted: 06/21/2016] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
HYPOTHESIS The cytotoxicity of biosurfactants on cell membranes may be influenced by composition of their hydrophilic head and hydrophobic tails. It is hypothesised that they form mixed micelles which exert a detergent-like effect that disrupts the plasma membrane. The functional physico-chemical and biocidal characteristics of four biosurfactants were concurrently investigated to determine which of their structural characteristics may be tuned for greater efficacy. EXPERIMENTS Rhamnolipid-95, rhamnolipid-90, surfactin and sophorolipid were characterised using FTIR, LC-MS, HPLC, surface tension and critical micelle concentration. Their biocidal activity against HEK 293, MCF-7 and THP-1 cell lines were investigated by MTT assay, using doxorubicin as cytotoxic control. Growth curves were established for all cell lines using trypan blue (TB) and MTT assays, corresponding doubling time (DT) and growth rate were obtained and compared. FINDINGS HEK 293 cell-line had the highest growth rate amongst the three cell lines. For TB assay, growth of HEK 293>THP-1 and for MTT, HEK 293>MCF-7 while the DT was in the order of THP-1>MCF-7>HEK 293. Sophorolipid showed anti-proliferative activity comparable to doxorubicin on THP-1>MCF-7>HEK 293. THP-1 showed high sensitivity to sophorolipid with IC50 of 10.50, 25.58 and 6.78(μg/ml) after 24, 48 and 72h respectively. However, sophorolipid was cytotoxic from 24 to 72h on HEK 293 cell lines with IC50 of 21.53, 40.57 and 27.53μg/ml respectively. Although, doxorubicin showed higher anti-proliferative activity than all biosurfactants, it had poorer selectivity index for the same time durations compared to the biosurfactants. This indicates that biosurfactants were more effective for slowing the growth of the tested cancer cell lines and hence may be potential candidates for use in human cancer therapy. Physico-chemical characteristics of the biosurfactants suggest that their mechanism of action may be due to activity on the cell membrane.
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Bayati S, Anderberg Haglund C, Pavel NV, Galantini L, Schillén K. Interaction between bile salt sodium glycodeoxycholate and PEO–PPO–PEO triblock copolymers in aqueous solution. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra12514j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Bile salts can associate to PEO–PPO–PEO block copolymer micelles and disintegrate them depending on the relative block length and molecular weight of the copolymers and bile salt/copolymer molar ratio.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. Bayati
- Division of Physical Chemistry
- Department of Chemistry
- Lund University
- SE-221 00 Lund
- Sweden
| | - C. Anderberg Haglund
- Division of Physical Chemistry
- Department of Chemistry
- Lund University
- SE-221 00 Lund
- Sweden
| | - N. V. Pavel
- Department of Chemistry
- “Sapienza” University of Rome
- 00185 Rome
- Italy
| | - L. Galantini
- Department of Chemistry
- “Sapienza” University of Rome
- 00185 Rome
- Italy
| | - K. Schillén
- Division of Physical Chemistry
- Department of Chemistry
- Lund University
- SE-221 00 Lund
- Sweden
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