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Jansen-van Vuuren RD, Naficy S, Ramezani M, Cunningham M, Jessop P. CO 2-responsive gels. Chem Soc Rev 2023; 52:3470-3542. [PMID: 37128844 DOI: 10.1039/d2cs00053a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
CO2-responsive materials undergo a change in chemical or physical properties in response to the introduction or removal of CO2. The use of CO2 as a stimulus is advantageous as it is abundant, benign, inexpensive, and it does not accumulate in a system. Many CO2-responsive materials have already been explored including polymers, latexes, surfactants, and catalysts. As a sub-set of CO2-responsive polymers, the study of CO2-responsive gels (insoluble, cross-linked polymers) is a unique discipline due to the unique set of changes in the gels brought about by CO2 such as swelling or a transformed morphology. In the past 15 years, CO2-responsive gels and self-assembled gels have been investigated for a variety of emerging potential applications, reported in 90 peer-reviewed publications. The two most widely exploited properties include the control of flow (fluids) via CO2-triggered aggregation and their capacity for reversible CO2 absorption-desorption, leading to applications in Enhanced Oil Recovery (EOR) and CO2 sequestration, respectively. In this paper, we review the preparation, properties, and applications of these CO2-responsive gels, broadly classified by particle size as nanogels, microgels, aerogels, and macrogels. We have included a section on CO2-induced self-assembled gels (including poly(ionic liquid) gels).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ross D Jansen-van Vuuren
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, University of Ljubljana, Večna pot 113, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Sina Naficy
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Centre for Excellence in Advanced Food Enginomics (CAFE), The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Maedeh Ramezani
- Department of Chemistry, Chernoff Hall, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, K7K 2N1, Canada.
| | - Michael Cunningham
- Department of Engineering, Dupuis Hall, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Philip Jessop
- Department of Chemistry, Chernoff Hall, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, K7K 2N1, Canada.
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2
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Liu X, Zheng D, Long Y, Wang L. Highly Robust Nanogels from Thermal-Responsive Nanoparticles with Controlled Swelling for Engineering Deployments. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:11175-11184. [PMID: 36799692 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c00166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Regular nanogels have been demonstrated their inefficiency for subterranean oil recovery due to their intrinsic drawbacks of fast swelling within minutes, thermal instability, and salinity vulnerability. Prior deployment of swelling delayed nanogels mainly depended on the reservoirs at a relatively higher temperature. To address the issues encountered during engineering deployment, hereinwe devised an integrative approach to in situ form swelling delayed robust nanogels by introducing radically active monomers with thermally sensitive moieties. The nanoparticles with hydrophobic cores in brine in response to thermal input in situ generated well-dispersed hydrophilic nanogels, which showed a pronounced delayed swelling of a week compared to traditional nanogels showing swelling kinetics within minutes. Furthermore, the formation of swelling-delayed nanogels could occur at ambient temperature. This behavior was radically different from that of temperature-controlled labile cross-linkers containing nanogels, requiring temperatures greater than 50 °C for volume increase thanks to ester hydrolysis. In addition, the in-situ formed nanogels displayed long-term thermal stability and salinity tolerance under hostile media at temperatures up to 130 °C. The release of an acidic proton under aqueous conditions has been demonstrated to control the microenvironment for various scenarios. The nanotechnology of converting hydrophobic nanoparticles to hydrophilic nanogels could be applied in a wide range of practical applications such as plugging materials and foaming stabilizers for in-depth conformance control during water and CO2 flooding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing Liu
- Department of Petroleum Engineering, School of Earth Resources, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Da Zheng
- PetroChina Oil, Gas & New Energies Company, Beijing 100007, China
| | - Yifu Long
- CNPC Research Institute of Engineering Technology, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Lizhu Wang
- Department of Petroleum Engineering, School of Earth Resources, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China
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Ji W, Dai C, Cao Y, Yang Concptualization N, Wang T, Zhao G. A novel CO2-resistant dispersed particle gel for gas channeling control in low-permeability reservoirs. J Mol Liq 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2023.121251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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4
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Degradable CO2-responsive microgels with wrinkled porous structure for enhanced, selective and recyclable removal of anionic dyes, Cr(VI) and As(V). Eur Polym J 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2021.110374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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5
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Li X, Tang B, Wu B, Hsu C, Wang X. Highly Sensitive Diffraction Grating of Hydrogels as Sensors for Carbon Dioxide Detection. Ind Eng Chem Res 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.1c00211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xu Li
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Laboratory of Advanced Materials (MOE), Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
| | - Bo Tang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Laboratory of Advanced Materials (MOE), Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
| | - Bing Wu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Laboratory of Advanced Materials (MOE), Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
| | - Chungen Hsu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Laboratory of Advanced Materials (MOE), Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
| | - Xiaogong Wang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Laboratory of Advanced Materials (MOE), Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
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Pu WF, Du DJ, Fan HC, Chen BW, Yuan CD, Varfolomeev MA. CO2-responsive preformed gel particles with interpenetrating networks for controlling CO2 breakthrough in tight reservoirs. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2020.126065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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7
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Zhang C, Chen D, Yang W. Preparation of Styrene–Maleic Anhydride–Acrylamide Terpolymer Particles of Uniform Size and Controlled Composition via Self-Stabilized Precipitation Polymerization. Ind Eng Chem Res 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.0c02246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering and College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Dong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering and College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Wantai Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering and College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
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Mu M, Yuan R, Zhang G, Wu D, Quan H, Han P, Feng Y. Tuning CO 2-induced reversible redispersion or irreversible destabilisation for latex separation. J Colloid Interface Sci 2020; 573:250-262. [PMID: 32278956 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2020.03.121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2020] [Revised: 03/29/2020] [Accepted: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
HYPOTHESIS The CO2-sensitive dispersion/precipitation transition of polymer latexes fabricated based on a responsive emulsifier is a promising way to conveniently acquire bulk polymer materials. Nevertheless, the tedious synthesis procedures for switchable surfactants and the harsh operating requirements for the sensitive latexes constrain the applicability of the approach for latex preparation. Therefore, a new strategy for generating latexes with tunable CO2 responsiveness in a maneuverable way is urgently needed. EXPERIMENTS In this work, a CO2-switchable electrostatic interaction is introduced to construct responsive latexes. A series of lightly crosslinked poly(diethylaminoethyl methacrylate-styrene) [P(DEA-St)] latexes with different PDEA contents were fabricated via one-pot emulsion copolymerization, with divinylbenzene and sodium dodecylsulfate (SDS) used as the crosslinker and anionic emulsifier, respectively. The influence of the DEA feeding ratio on the resulting P(DEA-St) colloids was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy. Then, a cyclic CO2/N2 input was introduced to verify the response transitions of polymer latexes. FINDINGS Accompanied by the stepwise decrease of DEA feeding ratio, the morphology of the resulting copolymerized nanoparticles changed from an ambiguous bulge to the typical spherical pattern. In addition, the P(DEA-St) latexes treated by cyclic CO2/N2 exhibit four different types of response modes, namely (i) CO2-switchable swelling/deswelling transition, (ii) CO2-reversible dispersion/coagulation transition, (iii) CO2-induced irreversible destabilisation and (iv) CO2-insensitive latexes. The CO2-responsive destabilisation is highly applicable in the separation and transportation fields of commercial latex products, such as poly(methyl methacrylate), poly(n-butyl acrylate) and poly(butyl methacrylate) colloids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Mu
- Polymer Research Institute, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, PR China; Chengdu Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, PR China
| | - Rui Yuan
- Polymer Research Institute, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, PR China
| | - Ganghong Zhang
- Polymer Research Institute, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, PR China
| | - Dianguo Wu
- Polymer Research Institute, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, PR China
| | - Hongping Quan
- Oil & Gas Field Applied Chemistry Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu 610500, PR China
| | - Peihui Han
- EOR Laboratory, Exploration & Development Research Institute, Daqing Oilfield Limited Company, PetroChina, Daqing 163712, PR China
| | - Yujun Feng
- Polymer Research Institute, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, PR China; Chengdu Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, PR China.
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9
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Stimuli-chromism of photoswitches in smart polymers: Recent advances and applications as chemosensors. Prog Polym Sci 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2019.101149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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10
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Cunningham MF, Jessop PG. Carbon Dioxide-Switchable Polymers: Where Are the Future Opportunities? Macromolecules 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.9b00914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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11
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Synthesis, characterization and CO2 adsorption performance of a thermosensitive solid amine adsorbent. J CO2 UTIL 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcou.2019.02.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Guo Z, Chen Q, Gu H, He Z, Xu W, Zhang J, Liu Y, Xiong L, Zheng L, Feng Y. Giant Microgels with CO 2-Induced On-Off, Selective, and Recyclable Adsorption for Anionic Dyes. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2018; 10:38073-38083. [PMID: 30360074 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b13448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Adsorbents that are capable of controllable pollutants adsorption and release without secondary pollution are attractive in water treatment. Here, we propose eco-friendly CO2 as a trigger to switch the charge states and collapse-expansion transition of giant microgels consisting of hydrophilic acrylamide and hydrophobic 2-(diethylamino)ethyl methacrylate and demonstrated the on-off, selective, and recyclable adsorption of anionic dyes on microgels under CO2 stimulation. Apart from easy-handling separation from the water by a simple filtration process, the maximum adsorption capacity is as high as 821 mg g-1, and the adsorption isotherms and kinetics obeyed Langmuir isotherm and the pseudo-second-order kinetics models, respectively. The anionic dye can also be separated from the mixture solution using CO2-treated microgels. Moreover, a wastewater treatment prototype with microgel-packed column was fabricated. Under continuous flow condition, the dye was removed and recovered by alternative bubbling CO2 and flushing with aqueous alkali (pH 12). Thus, this type of microgels with CO2-induced protonation-deprotonation transition can serve as a cost-effective, environmentally friendly, and efficient adsorbent for water purification applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zanru Guo
- Department of Polymer Materials and Chemical Engineering, School of Materials Science and Engineering , East China Jiaotong University , Nanchang , Jiangxi 330013 , P. R. China
| | - Qiang Chen
- Department of Polymer Materials and Chemical Engineering, School of Materials Science and Engineering , East China Jiaotong University , Nanchang , Jiangxi 330013 , P. R. China
| | - Hongjian Gu
- Department of Polymer Materials and Chemical Engineering, School of Materials Science and Engineering , East China Jiaotong University , Nanchang , Jiangxi 330013 , P. R. China
| | - Zhanfeng He
- State Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Reservoir Geology and Exploitation , Southwest Petroleum University , Chengdu 610500 , P. R. China
| | - Wenyuan Xu
- Department of Polymer Materials and Chemical Engineering, School of Materials Science and Engineering , East China Jiaotong University , Nanchang , Jiangxi 330013 , P. R. China
| | - Jiali Zhang
- Department of Polymer Materials and Chemical Engineering, School of Materials Science and Engineering , East China Jiaotong University , Nanchang , Jiangxi 330013 , P. R. China
| | - Yongxin Liu
- Department of Polymer Materials and Chemical Engineering, School of Materials Science and Engineering , East China Jiaotong University , Nanchang , Jiangxi 330013 , P. R. China
| | - Leyan Xiong
- Department of Polymer Materials and Chemical Engineering, School of Materials Science and Engineering , East China Jiaotong University , Nanchang , Jiangxi 330013 , P. R. China
| | - Longzhen Zheng
- Department of Polymer Materials and Chemical Engineering, School of Materials Science and Engineering , East China Jiaotong University , Nanchang , Jiangxi 330013 , P. R. China
| | - Yujun Feng
- Polymer Research Institute, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering , Sichuan University , Chengdu 610065 , P. R. China
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Wang Y, Huo M, Zeng M, Liu L, Ye QQ, Chen X, Li D, Peng L, Yuan JY. CO2-responsive Polymeric Fluorescent Sensor with Ultrafast Response. CHINESE JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s10118-018-2167-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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14
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CO 2 switchable hollow nanospheres. J Colloid Interface Sci 2018; 522:10-19. [PMID: 29574264 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2018.03.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2018] [Revised: 03/06/2018] [Accepted: 03/07/2018] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
HYPOTHESIS Hollow nanospheres, characterized by a cavity inside a solid shell, have potential applications due to their unique structure, but the unchangeable morphology and permeability of the shell restrain their further practical utilization. While several smart hollow nanospheres that can respond to pH, ion strength, and temperature have been developed, they are inclined to suffer from problems associated with high energy consumption or the difficult removal of residual stimulants. Thus, it is desirable to develop a novel and free-of-residual trigger stimulating mode. EXPERIMENTS In this work, CO2 is used to fabricate smart hollow nanospheres composed of crosslinked poly(diethylamino-ethyl methacrylate) (PDEAEMA) network from polystyrene (PS)/PDEAEMA core-shell nanospheres by a template-removal technique. The morphology evolution of the resultant nanospheres during the fabrication process was characterized by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), thermogravimetry analysis (TGA) and dynamic light scattering (DLS) and was visualized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). FINDINGS Hollow nanospheres can be generated by experiencing a morphology change from a core nanosphere, core-shell, yolk-shell to a final hollow structure. The increase in shell-stiffness can restrain the collapse of hollow spheres. It is demonstrated that CO2 is easy to introduce and remove (via N2 input) without stimulation residues in this system. In addition, mild CO2/N2 purging can only reversibly change the swelling/collapse of hollow particles; violent CO2/N2 bubbling can reversibly regulate both the size and aggregation/re-dispersion state of the hollow nanospheres, which can be intuitively observed by atomic force microscopy (AFM).
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15
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Chen S, Lin X, Zhai Z, Lan R, Li J, Wang Y, Zhou S, Farooqi ZH, Wu W. Synthesis and characterization of CO2-sensitive temperature-responsive catalytic poly(ionic liquid) microgels. Polym Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c8py00352a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
A class of poly(ionic liquid) microgels exhibiting CO2-switchable temperature-responsive volume phase transition behavior have been synthesized and used for CO2 fixation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shoumin Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials
- The Key Laboratory for Chemical Biology of Fujian Province
- and Department of Chemistry
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
| | - Xuezhen Lin
- State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials
- The Key Laboratory for Chemical Biology of Fujian Province
- and Department of Chemistry
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
| | - Zhenghao Zhai
- State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials
- The Key Laboratory for Chemical Biology of Fujian Province
- and Department of Chemistry
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
| | - Ruyue Lan
- State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials
- The Key Laboratory for Chemical Biology of Fujian Province
- and Department of Chemistry
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
| | - Jin Li
- State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials
- The Key Laboratory for Chemical Biology of Fujian Province
- and Department of Chemistry
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
| | - Yusong Wang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale
- University of Science and Technology of China
- Hefei
- China
| | - Shiming Zhou
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale
- University of Science and Technology of China
- Hefei
- China
| | | | - Weitai Wu
- State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials
- The Key Laboratory for Chemical Biology of Fujian Province
- and Department of Chemistry
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
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