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Gu Z, Li Z, Xu Z, Zhang C. Microscopic Mechanical Model Analysis and Visualization Investigation of SiO 2 Nanoparticle/HPAM Polymer Foam Liquid Film Displacing Heavy Oil. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2022; 38:9166-9185. [PMID: 35852171 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.2c00817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, the microscopic mechanisms and macroscopic characteristics of polymer/nanoparticle foam flooding in a heavy oil reservoir environment were studied. Sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) surfactant was used as the foaming agent, and the foam was prepared by a combination of partially hydrolyzed polyacrylamide (HPAM) polymer and SiO2 nanoparticles. By performing experiments with the microscopic model, the foam flooding dynamics in the heavy oil reservoir were simulated. Based on the experiments, the formula model was established to evaluate the physicochemical effects between the foam liquid film and oil surface. Finally, the macroscopic characteristics of foam flooding were studied by performing oil displacement experiments with a 2D visual model. The microscopic experiments demonstrated that the foam liquid film could exert multiple actions, such as adsorption, stretching, and cutting on the heavy oil in the reservoir pores. These actions were accompanied by force changes between the foam and heavy oil, and the addition of polymer and nanoparticles further strengthened them. The calculations of the formula model indicated that the polymer and nanoparticles amplified the force between the foam liquid film and heavy oil by 1.95 and 2.2 times, respectively. The 2D visual model experiments suggested that foam flooding could further develop heavy oil after water flooding through its liquid film effects, and the oil recovery efficiency increased from 42.43 to 57.82%. In addition, the polymer and nanoparticles further optimized the oil displacement effect of the foam liquid film, which made the oil recovery efficiency reach 64.77-68.16%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zihan Gu
- Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Unconventional Oil & Gas Development (China University of Petroleum (East China)), Qingdao 266580, P.R. China
- School of Petroleum Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, P.R. China
| | - Zhaomin Li
- Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Unconventional Oil & Gas Development (China University of Petroleum (East China)), Qingdao 266580, P.R. China
- School of Petroleum Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, P.R. China
| | - Zhengxiao Xu
- Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Unconventional Oil & Gas Development (China University of Petroleum (East China)), Qingdao 266580, P.R. China
- School of Petroleum Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, P.R. China
| | - Chao Zhang
- Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Unconventional Oil & Gas Development (China University of Petroleum (East China)), Qingdao 266580, P.R. China
- School of Petroleum Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, P.R. China
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Zhu J, Da C, Chen J, Johnston KP. Ultrastable N 2/Water Foams Stabilized by Dilute Nanoparticles and a Surfactant at High Salinity and High Pressure. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2022; 38:5392-5403. [PMID: 35439013 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.1c03347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The rapid development of unconventional oil and gas resources presents challenges for foam flooding for reservoirs with high salinity and high heterogeneity at elevated temperatures. In this study, hydrophilic anionic sulfonate-modified nanoparticles (NPs) exhibited a synergistic effect with a cationic surfactant in stabilizing N2/water foam in the presence of concentrated divalent ions from ambient temperature up to 70 °C. With low concentrations of both the sulfonated NPs (SNPs) and cationic surfactant, the foams remained stable for 4 days at 50 °C and atmospheric pressure, while the surfactant-stabilized foams collapsed completely in 1 day. This stability mechanism of foams by the SNPs and cationic surfactant is described in terms of phase behavior, bulk shear rheology of the aqueous phase, and the dilational modulus of the gas-brine interface. The high surface elastic dilational modulus E' observed upon addition of the SNP provided stability against coarsening according to the Gibbs criteria. The cryo-SEM images also showed the compact bubble structure of foams provided by the SNPs. Consequently, very minor changes in the foam bubble size were observed at 208 bar (3000 psi) and 50 °C for up to 48 h with only 0.1 wt % or 0.3 wt % SNPs and 0.01 wt % Arquad 12-50, indicating excellent foam stability. The ability of the surfactant and NPs to stabilize foams at low concentrations broadens the application of foams in subsurface reservoirs at high temperatures and salinities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyi Zhu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu 610500, P. R. China
- McKetta Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Chang Da
- McKetta Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Jessie Chen
- McKetta Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Keith P Johnston
- McKetta Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
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Buoso S, Belletti G, Ragno D, Castelvetro V, Bertoldo M. Rheological Response of Polylactic Acid Dispersions in Water with Xanthan Gum. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:12536-12548. [PMID: 35474836 PMCID: PMC9026014 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c05382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
In this work, the rheological behavior of stable poly(lactic acid) (PLA) dispersions in water, intended for coating applications, was investigated. The newly prepared dispersion consists of PLA particles with an average diameter of 222 ± 2 nm based on dynamic light scattering (DLS) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analyses, at concentrations varying in the 5-22 wt % range. Xanthan gum (XG), a bacterial polysaccharide, was used as a thickening agent to modulate the viscosity of the formulations. The rheological properties of the PLA dispersions with different XG and PLA contents were studied in steady shear, amplitude sweep, and frequency sweep experiments. Under steady shear conditions, the viscosity of all the formulations showed a shear-thinning behavior similar to XG solutions in the whole investigated 1-1000 s-1 range, with values dependent on both PLA particles and XG concentrations. Amplitude and frequency sweep data revealed a weak-gel behavior except in the case of the most diluted sample, with moduli dependent on both PLA and XG contents. A unified scaling parameter was identified in the volume fraction (ϕ) of the PLA particles, calculated by considering the dependence of the continuous phase density on the XG concentration. Accordingly, a master curve at different volume fractions was built using the time-concentration-superposition approach. The master curve describes the rheological response of the system over a wider frequency window than the experimentally accessible one and reveals the presence of a superimposed β relaxation process in the high-frequency region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Buoso
- Institute
of Organic Synthesis and Photoreactivity−Italian National Research
Council, via P. Gobetti,
101, Bologna 40129, Italy
| | - Giada Belletti
- Institute
of Organic Synthesis and Photoreactivity−Italian National Research
Council, via P. Gobetti,
101, Bologna 40129, Italy
- Department
of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences, University of Ferrara, via. L. Borsari, 46, Ferrara 44121, Italy
| | - Daniele Ragno
- Department
of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences, University of Ferrara, via. L. Borsari, 46, Ferrara 44121, Italy
| | - Valter Castelvetro
- Department
of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry, University
of Pisa, via G. Moruzzi,
2, Pisa 56124, Italy
| | - Monica Bertoldo
- Institute
of Organic Synthesis and Photoreactivity−Italian National Research
Council, via P. Gobetti,
101, Bologna 40129, Italy
- Department
of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences, University of Ferrara, via. L. Borsari, 46, Ferrara 44121, Italy
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Gu Z, Li Z, Xu Z, Lu C, Liu C, Jiang Y, Lu T. Experimental Investigation on Microscopic Force Measurement of Foam and Heavy Oil. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2020; 36:14748-14762. [PMID: 33213147 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.0c02701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
This paper combined experiments with a theoretical model to simulate the behavior between a foam and heavy oil during contact pressing, separation, and adsorption. We discuss the changes in the elasticity and adsorption forces during the pressing and adsorption of the two fluids. The influence of the changes in temperature and pressure, the concentration of the sodium dodecyl sulfate surfactant, the heavy oil viscosity, and the addition of partially hydrolyzed polyacrylamide and hydrophobic SiO2 nanoparticles was studied. The results showed that the overall increase in the elasticity and adsorption forces between the foam at 1 wt % surfactant and heavy oil was more than 2 times greater than those of the foam with 0.2 wt % surfactant. The increase in viscosity of heavy oil also increased various forces. The overall improvement in the adsorption force between fluids caused by nanoparticles during separation and adsorption stages reached 1.8 times, which was better than that obtained using the polymer (1.65 times). However, the polymer showed a 1.4 times higher elastic force during the fluid pressing stage than the nanoparticles and about 4 times higher than the control foam, and the increase in temperature greatly weakened the effect of the force, while the change in pressure did not cause much impact. An analytical model was built based on fluid mechanics, and the calculation results were consistent with the experimental data with an error of about 5-12%, suggesting that this model provides a good reference value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zihan Gu
- School of Petroleum Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, China
| | - Zhaomin Li
- School of Petroleum Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, China
- Key Laboratory of Unconventional Oil & Gas Development, China University of Petroleum (East China), Ministry of Education, Qingdao 266580, China
| | - Zhengxiao Xu
- School of Petroleum Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, China
| | - Chen Lu
- School of Petroleum Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, China
| | - Chenwei Liu
- School of Petroleum Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, China
- Key Laboratory of Unconventional Oil & Gas Development, China University of Petroleum (East China), Ministry of Education, Qingdao 266580, China
| | - Youwei Jiang
- School of Petroleum Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, China
- Key Laboratory of Unconventional Oil & Gas Development, China University of Petroleum (East China), Ministry of Education, Qingdao 266580, China
| | - Teng Lu
- School of Petroleum Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, China
- Key Laboratory of Unconventional Oil & Gas Development, China University of Petroleum (East China), Ministry of Education, Qingdao 266580, China
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Akanno A, Guzmán E, Ortega F, Rubio RG. Behavior of the water/vapor interface of chitosan solutions with an anionic surfactant: effect of polymer-surfactant interactions. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2020; 22:23360-23373. [PMID: 33047113 DOI: 10.1039/d0cp02470h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The adsorption of mixtures formed by chitosan and sodium lauryl ether sulfate (SLES) at the water/vapor interface has been studied on the basis of their impact on the equilibrium surface tension of the interface, and the response of such an interface to mechanical deformations. The analysis of the surfactant binding to the chitosan chains evidenced that the chitosan-SLES solutions were mixtures of polyelectrolyte-surfactant complexes and a non-negligible amount of free surfactant molecules. The interfacial properties showed two well-differentiated regions for interfacial adsorption as a function of the SLES concentration: (i) at a low surfactant concentration, co-adsorption of chitosan and SLES occurs, and (ii) at high concentrations, the surface is mostly occupied by SLES molecules. This behavior may be interpreted in terms of a complex equilibration mechanism of the interfacial layers, where different coupled dynamic processes may be involved. Furthermore, the use of the time-concentration superposition principle has confirmed the different dynamic behaviors of the chitosan-SLES adsorption as a function of the SLES concentration. This work sheds light on some of the most fundamental bases governing the physico-chemical behavior of mixtures formed by a biopolymer and a surfactant, where their complex behavior is governed by an intricate balance of bulk and interfacial interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Akanno
- Departamento de Química Física-Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Ciudad Universitaria s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
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