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Shee M, Lal Banerjee S, Dey A, Das Jana I, Basak P, Mandal M, Mondal A, Kumar Das A, Das NC. pH-induced fluorescent active sodium alginate-based ionically conjugated and REDOX responsive multi-functional microgels for the anticancer drug delivery. Int J Pharm 2024; 662:124490. [PMID: 39032873 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2024.124490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2024] [Revised: 07/04/2024] [Accepted: 07/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024]
Abstract
A sodium alginate (Alg) based REDOX (reduction and oxidation)-responsive and fluorescent active microgel was prepared via water in oil (w/o) mini-emulsion polymerization technique. Here, we initially synthesized sodium alginate-based disulfide cross linked microgels and after that those microgels were tagged with rhodamine amine derivative (RhB-NH2) by ionic interaction to get the pH-responsive fluorescent property. Functionalized microgels were characterized using 1H NMR, FTIR, DLS, HRTEM, FESEM, UV-vis, and fluorescence spectroscopy analyses. Presence of the REDOX-responsive disulfide-containing crosslinkers in the microgels enhances the release of doxorubicin (DOX), an anti-cancer drug in the reducing environment of the cancer-cells (simulated). Existence of the rhodamine-amine derivative in the microgels triggers the pH-dependent fluorescence property by showing fluorescence emission at 560-580 nm at pH 5.5 (cancer cell pH). The cytotoxicity of the biopolymer based microgel was assessed over both cancerous HeLa (IC50 100 µg/mL) and non-cancerous MDCK (IC50 200 µg/mL) cells by MTT assay which showed the synthesized microgel is non-toxic whereas DOX-loaded microgels showed significant toxicity. FACS and cell uptake (in vitro) analyses were conducted to understand the cell apoptosis cycle and behavior of the cancer cells in presence of the DOX-loaded microgels. This pH-responsive fluorescent active alginate-based biomaterial could be a promising material for the anti-cancer drug delivery and other medical fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moumita Shee
- School of Nano Science and Technology (SNST), Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, West Bengal 721302, India
| | - Sovan Lal Banerjee
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Minnesota, Amundson Hall, 421 Washington Ave SE #151, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Ankita Dey
- Cancer Biology Lab, School of Medical Science and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, West Bengal 721302, India
| | - Indrani Das Jana
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, West Bengal 721302, India
| | - Piyali Basak
- School of Bioscience and Engineering, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Mahitosh Mandal
- Cancer Biology Lab, School of Medical Science and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, West Bengal 721302, India
| | - Arindam Mondal
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, West Bengal 721302, India
| | - Amit Kumar Das
- Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, West Bengal 721302, India
| | - Narayan Ch Das
- School of Nano Science and Technology (SNST), Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, West Bengal 721302, India; Rubber Technology Center, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, West Bengal 721302, India.
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2
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Bakirov A, Kopishev E, Kadyrzhan K, Donbaeva E, Zhaxybayeva A, Duisembiyev M, Suyundikova F, Suleimenov I. The Method of Direct and Reverse Phase Portraits as a Tool for Systematizing the Results of Studies of Phase Transitions in Solutions of Thermosensitive Polymers. Gels 2024; 10:395. [PMID: 38920941 PMCID: PMC11203281 DOI: 10.3390/gels10060395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2024] [Revised: 05/29/2024] [Accepted: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
It is shown that a more than significant amount of experimental data obtained in the field of studying systems based on thermosensitive hydrophilic polymers and reflected in the literature over the past decades makes the issue of their systematization and classification relevant. This, in turn, makes relevant the question of choosing the appropriate classification criteria. It is shown that the basic classification feature can be the number of phase transition stages, which can vary from one to four or more depending on the nature of the temperature-sensitive system. In this work, the method of inverse phase portraits is proposed for the first time. It was intended, among other things, to identify the number of phase transition stages. Moreover, the accuracy of this method significantly exceeds the accuracy of the previously used method of direct phase portraits since, for the first time, the operation of numerical differentiation is replaced by the operation of numerical integration. A specific example of the application of the proposed method for the analysis of a previously studied temperature-sensitive system is presented. It is shown that this method also allows for a quantitative comparison between the results obtained by the differential calorimetry method and the turbidimetry method. Issues related to increasing the resolution of the method of direct phase portraits are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akhat Bakirov
- Department of Chemistry and Technology of Organic Substances, Natural Compounds and Polymers, Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, Al Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty 050040, Kazakhstan;
- Department of Telecommunication Engineering, Institute of Communications and Space Engineering, Gumarbek Daukeev Almaty University of Power Engineering and Communications, Almaty 050040, Kazakhstan;
| | - Eldar Kopishev
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences, L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Astana 010000, Kazakhstan; (E.D.); (A.Z.); (M.D.); (F.S.)
| | - Kaisarali Kadyrzhan
- Department of Telecommunication Engineering, Institute of Communications and Space Engineering, Gumarbek Daukeev Almaty University of Power Engineering and Communications, Almaty 050040, Kazakhstan;
| | - Elvira Donbaeva
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences, L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Astana 010000, Kazakhstan; (E.D.); (A.Z.); (M.D.); (F.S.)
| | - Aigerim Zhaxybayeva
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences, L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Astana 010000, Kazakhstan; (E.D.); (A.Z.); (M.D.); (F.S.)
| | - Marat Duisembiyev
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences, L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Astana 010000, Kazakhstan; (E.D.); (A.Z.); (M.D.); (F.S.)
| | - Faiziya Suyundikova
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences, L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Astana 010000, Kazakhstan; (E.D.); (A.Z.); (M.D.); (F.S.)
| | - Ibragim Suleimenov
- National Engineering Academy of the Republic of Kazakhstan, Almaty 050010, Kazakhstan
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Nan Y, Zhao C, Beaudoin G, Zhu XX. Synergistic Approaches in the Design and Applications of UCST Polymers. Macromol Rapid Commun 2023; 44:e2300261. [PMID: 37477638 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202300261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2023] [Revised: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023]
Abstract
This review summarizes recent progress in the synergistic design strategy for thermoresponsive polymers possessing an upper critical solution temperature (UCST) in aqueous systems. To achieve precise control of the responsive behavior of the UCST polymers, their molecular design can benefit from a synergistic effect of hydrogen bonding with other interactions or modification of the chemical structures. The combination of UCST behavior with other stimuli-responsive properties of the polymers may yield new functional materials with potential applications such as sensors, actuators, and controlled release devices. The advances in this area provide insight or inspiration into the understanding and design of functional UCST polymers for a wide range of applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Nan
- Faculty of Material Science and Chemical Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China
| | - Chuanzhuang Zhao
- Faculty of Material Science and Chemical Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China
| | - Guillaume Beaudoin
- Département de Chimie, Université de Montréal, C.P. 6128, Succ, Centre-ville, Montréal, QC, H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - X X Zhu
- Département de Chimie, Université de Montréal, C.P. 6128, Succ, Centre-ville, Montréal, QC, H3C 3J7, Canada
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Lai J, Sun J, Li C, Lu J, Tian Y, Liu Y, Zhao C, Zhang M. H-bond-type thermo-responsive schizophrenic copolymers: The phase transition correlation with their parent polymers and the improved protein co-assembly ability. J Colloid Interface Sci 2023; 650:1881-1892. [PMID: 37517188 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2023.07.153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Revised: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
Schizophrenic copolymers are one type of the popular smart polymers that show invertible colloidal structures in response to temperature stimulus. However, the lack of principles to predict the phase transition temperature of a schizophrenic copolymer from its corresponding parent thermo-responsive polymers limits their development. Additionally, studies on their applications remain scarce. Herein, a series of schizophrenic copolymers were synthesized by polymerization of a RAFT-made polymer precursor poly(acrylamide-co-N-acryloxysuccinimide-co-acrylic acid) (P(AAm-co-NAS-co-AAc)) with the mixture of N-isopropylmethacrylamide (NIPAm) and acrylamide (AAm) in varying molar ratios. In aqueous solution, the block P(AAm-co-NAS-co-AAc) and the block poly(NIPAm-co-AAm) exhibited upper and lower critical solution temperature (UCST and LCST) behavior, respectively. The schizophrenic copolymers featured either UCST-LCST, LCST-UCST, or only LCST thermo-responsive transition. A preliminary correlation of phase transition between the schizophrenic copolymers and their parent polymers was summarized. Furthermore, the co-assembly of the schizophrenic copolymers and proteins were conducted and the kinetics of protein loading and protein activity were investigated, which showed that the schizophrenic copolymers were efficient platforms for protein co-assembly with ultra-high protein loading while preserving the protein bioactivities. Additionally, all the materials were non-toxic towards NIH 3T3 and MCF-7 cells. This work offers the prospects of the schizophrenic polymers in soft colloidal and assembly systems, particularly in guiding the design of new materials and their use in biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahui Lai
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300192, China
| | - Jialin Sun
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300192, China
| | - Chen Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300192, China
| | - Jianlei Lu
- Faculty of Material Science and Chemical Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China; School of Material Science and Engineering, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, China
| | - Yueyi Tian
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300192, China
| | - Yuting Liu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300192, China
| | - Chuanzhuang Zhao
- Faculty of Material Science and Chemical Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Mingming Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300192, China.
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5
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Dong S, Zheng Q, Tang M, Zhu S, Nie J, Du B. Ionic Microgel Colloidal Crystals: Responsive Chromism in Dual Physical and Chemical Colors for High-End Information Security and Encryption. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023. [PMID: 37418692 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c03742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/09/2023]
Abstract
Chromic materials play a decisive and escalating role in information security. However, it is challenging to develop chromic materials for encryption technologies that can hardly be imitated. Inspired by versatile metachrosis in nature, a series of coumarin-based 7-(6-bromohexyloxy)-coumarin microgel colloidal crystals (BrHC MGCC) with multiresponsive chromism are able to be assembled by ionic microgels in poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) solution followed by two cycles of freezing-thawing. The ionic microgels can be finely tailored by in situ quaternization with tunable size under varied temperatures and hydration energies of counterions as well as quenched luminescence under UV irradiation, which endows BrHC MGCC with intriguing chromism in the dual-channel coloration of physical structural color and chemical fluorescent color. Three types of BrHC MGCC exhibit various change ranges in structural coloration and similar quenching in fluorescence emission, which can be utilized for the development of the static-dynamic combined anticounterfeiting system with dual coloration. The information conveyed by the BrHC MGCC array presents dynamic variation versus temperature, while the static information can be only integrally read in both sunlight and a 365 nm UV lamp. The fabrication of a microgel colloidal crystal with dual coloration opens a facile and ecofriendly window for multilevel information security, camouflage, and a cumbersome authentication process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shunni Dong
- National Key Laboratory of Biobased Transportation Fuel Technology, Department of Polymer Science & Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Qianqian Zheng
- National Key Laboratory of Biobased Transportation Fuel Technology, Department of Polymer Science & Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Meiqi Tang
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Shaoxiong Zhu
- National Key Laboratory of Biobased Transportation Fuel Technology, Department of Polymer Science & Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Jingjing Nie
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Binyang Du
- National Key Laboratory of Biobased Transportation Fuel Technology, Department of Polymer Science & Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
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Maity S, Gaur D, Mishra B, Dubey NC, Tripathi BP. Bactericidal and biocatalytic temperature responsive microgel based self-cleaning membranes for water purification. J Colloid Interface Sci 2023; 642:129-144. [PMID: 37003009 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2023.03.095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Revised: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023]
Abstract
The present study focuses on creating an antimicrobial and biocatalytic smart gating membrane by synthesizing unique core-shell microgels. The core-shell microgels are synthesized by grafting short chains of poly(ethylenimine) (PEI) onto a poly((N-isopropyl acrylamide)-co-glycidyl methacrylate)) (P(NIPAm-co-GMA)) core. Subsequently, the produced microgels are utilized as a substrate for synthesizing and stabilizing silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) through an in-situ approach. These Ag NPs immobilized microgels are then suction filtered over a polyethylene terephthalate (PET) track-etched support to create cross-linked composite microgel membranes (CMMs). After structural and permeation characterization of the prepared CMMs, the laccase enzyme is then covalently grafted to the surface of the membrane and tested for its effectiveness in degrading Reactive red-120 dye. The laccase immobilized biocatalytic CMMs show effective degradation of the Reactive red-120 by 71%, 48%, and 34% at pH 3, 4, and 5, respectively. Furthermore, the immobilized laccase enzyme showed better activity and stability in terms of thermal, pH, and storage compared to the free laccase, leading to increased reusability. The unique combination of Ag NPs and laccase on a thermoresponsive microgel support resulted in a responsive self-cleaning membrane with excellent antimicrobial and dye degradation capabilities for environmentally friendly separation technology.
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7
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Yang Y, Sha L, Zhao H, Guo Z, Wu M, Lu P. Recent advances in cellulose microgels: Preparations and functionalized applications. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2023; 311:102815. [PMID: 36427465 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2022.102815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Revised: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Microgels are soft, deformable, permeable, and stimuli-responsive microscopic polymeric particles that are now emerging as prospective multifunctional soft materials for delivery systems, interface stabilization, cell cultures and tissue engineering. Cellulose microgels are emerging biopolymeric microgels with unique characteristics such as abound hydroxyl structure, admirable designability, multiscale pore network and excellent biocompatibility. This review summarizes the fabrication strategies for microgel, then highlights the fabrication routes for cellulose microgels, and finally elaborates cellulose microgels' bright application prospects with unique characteristics in the fields of controlled release, interface stabilization, coating, purification, nutrition/drug delivery, and bio-fabrication. The challenges to be addressed for further applications and considerable scope for development in future of cellulose microgels are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Yang
- College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Clean Pulp and Papermaking and Pollution Control, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi 530004, China
| | - Lishan Sha
- College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Clean Pulp and Papermaking and Pollution Control, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi 530004, China
| | - Han Zhao
- College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Clean Pulp and Papermaking and Pollution Control, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi 530004, China
| | - Zhaojun Guo
- College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Clean Pulp and Papermaking and Pollution Control, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi 530004, China
| | - Min Wu
- College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Clean Pulp and Papermaking and Pollution Control, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi 530004, China
| | - Peng Lu
- College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Clean Pulp and Papermaking and Pollution Control, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi 530004, China.
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8
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Kaniewska K, Marcisz K, Karbarz M. Transport of ionic species affected by interactions with a pH-sensitive monolayer of microgel particles attached to electrode surface. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2023.117183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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9
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Santi M, Saha P, Walkowiak JJ, Rubner J, Wessling M, Pich A. In-Line Characterization of the Temperature-Responsive Behavior of Surface-Bound Microgel Coatings by QCM-D: A Novel Strategy for Protein Repellence Evaluation. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:10907-10916. [PMID: 35179345 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c21814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
In this work, quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation monitoring (QCM-D) was used to develop a new method to evaluate the protein repellency of microgel coatings. Compared to traditional protocols for surface analysis, QCM has the advantage of a real-time quantitative approach with high sensitivity, allowing us to describe variations of the adsorbed mass with unprecedented accuracy. To enable the detectability of the film throughout the whole operational temperature interval, a poly(N-isopropylacrylamide-co-glycidyl methacrylate) p(NIPAm-co-GMA) microgel monolayer with defined thickness and rigidity was designed. Covalent adhesion of the film to the silica surface was achieved by epoxy-thiol click chemistry and tested for repeated temperature cycles, showing substantial reproducibility. Further functionalization of microgel surfaces by grafting polyzwitterionic chains remarkably improved the protein repellence leaving the strong surface adhesion unaltered. Before and after exposure to fluorescein-tagged bovine serum albumin (FITC-BSA), the coatings showed identical responsive behavior, proving the absence of protein deposition. In nonrepellent coatings, QCM monitoring instead displayed a characteristic shift in the volume phase transition (VPT), pointing out the effect of adsorbed proteins on the swelling behavior of pNIPAm. The combination of QCM-D and UV-visible (UV-vis) was used to evaluate the effect of increasing surface coverage, enabling to distinguish between the protein deposition occurring over the coated and the uncoated portion of the sensor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Santi
- DWI - Leibniz-Institute for Interactive Materials, Aachen 52074, Germany
- Institute of Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen 52074, Germany
| | - Pabitra Saha
- DWI - Leibniz-Institute for Interactive Materials, Aachen 52074, Germany
- Institute of Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen 52074, Germany
| | - Jacek Janusz Walkowiak
- DWI - Leibniz-Institute for Interactive Materials, Aachen 52074, Germany
- Aachen Maastricht Institute for Biobased Materials (AMIBM), Maastricht University, Geleen 6167 RD, the Netherlands
| | - Jens Rubner
- Chemical Process Engineering AVT.CVT, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen 52074, Germany
| | - Matthias Wessling
- DWI - Leibniz-Institute for Interactive Materials, Aachen 52074, Germany
- Chemical Process Engineering AVT.CVT, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen 52074, Germany
| | - Andrij Pich
- DWI - Leibniz-Institute for Interactive Materials, Aachen 52074, Germany
- Institute of Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen 52074, Germany
- Aachen Maastricht Institute for Biobased Materials (AMIBM), Maastricht University, Geleen 6167 RD, the Netherlands
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Zhang Y, Tang Y, Zhang J, Harrisson S. Amphiphilic Asymmetric Diblock Copolymer with pH-Responsive Fluorescent Properties. ACS Macro Lett 2021; 10:1346-1352. [PMID: 35549021 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.1c00553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Stimuli-responsive polymers with changeable fluorescent properties have numerous applications in sensing, bioimaging, and detection. Here we describe the facile synthesis of a pH-responsive amphiphilic asymmetric diblock copolymer of acrylic acid and butyl acrylate that incorporates a polarity-sensitive fluorophore. The asymmetric structure enhances the stimuli-responsive behavior: as the environmental pH decreases, the fluorescent intensity of the asymmetric diblock copolymer gradually increases, whereas its symmetric block counterpart shows limited and stepwise change. Besides, this remarkable difference was demonstrated to be concentration-independent, as similar emission behavior was found for both polymers at lower concentrations. These results indicate that the fluorescence properties of the copolymer can be adjusted by rationally designing the copolymer structure. This work provides a novel and general strategy for the design and synthesis of polymeric materials with encapsulated structures showing stimuli-responsive fluorescent properties to be applied as fluorescent probes with a smoothly varying response curve rather than the simple on-off switch that is typical of block copolymer systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanyao Zhang
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Science and Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi 710072, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yusheng Tang
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Science and Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi 710072, People’s Republic of China
| | - Junliang Zhang
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Science and Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi 710072, People’s Republic of China
| | - Simon Harrisson
- LCPO UMR 5629, Université Bordeaux/CNRS/Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie, de Biologie and de Physique, 16 Avenue Pey-Berland, 33607 Pessac Cedex, France
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11
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Interplay of distributions of multiple guest molecules in block copolymer micelles: A dissipative particle dynamics study. J Colloid Interface Sci 2021; 607:1142-1152. [PMID: 34571301 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2021.09.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2021] [Revised: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 09/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
HYPOTHESIS Delivery of multiple payloads using the same micelle is of significance to achieve multifunctional or synergistic effects. The interacting distribution of different payloads in micelles is expected to influence the loading stability and capacity. It is highly desirable to explore how intermolecular interactions affect the joint distribution of multi-payloads. EXPERIMENTS Dissipative Particle Dynamics simulations were performed to probe the loading of three payloads: decane with a linear carbon chain, butylbenzene with an aromatic ring connected to carbon chain, and naphthalene with double aromatic rings, within poly(β-amino ester)-b-poly(ethylene glycol) micelles. Properties of core-shell micelles, e.g., morphological evolution, radial density distribution, mean square displacement, and contact statistics, were analyzed to reveal payloads loading stability and capacity. Explorations were extended to vesicular, multi-compartment, double helix, and layer-by-layer micelles with more complex inner structures. FINDINGS Different payloads have their own preferred locations. Decane locates at the hydrophilic/hydrophobic interface, butylbenzene occupies both the hydrophilic/hydrophobic interface and the hydrophobic core, while naphthalene enters the hydrophobic core. More efficient delivery of multi-payloads is achieved since the competition of payloads occupying preferred locations is minimized. The fusion of micelles encapsulating different payloads suggests that specific payloads will move to their preferred positions without interfering other payloads.
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12
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Ganguly R, Saha P, Banerjee SL, Pich A, Singha NK. Stimuli-Responsive Block Copolymer Micelles Based on Mussel-Inspired Metal-Coordinated Supramolecular Networks. Macromol Rapid Commun 2021; 42:e2100312. [PMID: 34347312 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202100312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Revised: 07/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Amphiphilic diblock copolymers containing dopamine and zwitterions are synthesized via the RAFT polymerization method, which undergo temperature-mediated micellization in aqueous media. The presence of catechol moiety in dopamine is exploited to form pH-responsive cross-links with ferric ions (Fe3+ ) at different pH value. Herein, a comprehensive study of the effect of pH as well as temperature on the size and solution behavior of these cross-linked micelles is presented. These micelles cross-linked via metal-catechol coordination bonds can have several important biomedical applications such as degradable scaffolds for payload delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ritabrata Ganguly
- Rubber Technology Centre, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, 721302, India
| | - Pabitra Saha
- DWI - Leibniz-Institute for Interactive Materials, Aachen, 52074, Germany.,Institute of Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, 52074, Germany
| | - Sovan Lal Banerjee
- Rubber Technology Centre, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, 721302, India
| | - Andrij Pich
- DWI - Leibniz-Institute for Interactive Materials, Aachen, 52074, Germany.,Institute of Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, 52074, Germany.,Aachen Maastricht Institute for Biobased Materials (AMIBM), Maastricht University, 6167, The Netherlands
| | - Nikhil K Singha
- Rubber Technology Centre, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, 721302, India.,School of Nanosciences and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, 721302, India
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13
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Saha P, Ganguly R, Li X, Das R, Singha NK, Pich A. Zwitterionic Nanogels and Microgels: An Overview on Their Synthesis and Applications. Macromol Rapid Commun 2021; 42:e2100112. [PMID: 34021658 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202100112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Revised: 04/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Zwitterionic polymers by virtue of their unique chemical and physical attributes have attracted researchers in recent years. The simultaneous presence of positive and negative charges in the same repeat unit renders them of various interesting properties such as superhydrophilicity, which has significantly broadened their scope for being used in different applications. Among polyzwitterions of different architectures, micro- and/or nano-gels have started receiving attention only until recently. These 3D cross-linked colloidal structures show peculiar characteristics in context to their solution properties, which are attributable either to the comonomers present or the presence of different electrolytes and biological specimens. In this review, a concise yet detailed account is provided of the different synthetic techniques and application domains of zwitterion-based micro- and/or nanogels that have been explored in recent years. Here, the focus is kept solely on the "polybetaines," which have garnered maximum research interest and remain the extensively studied polyzwitterions in literature. While their vast application potential in the biomedical sector is being detailed here, some other areas of scope such as using them as microreactors for the synthesis of metal nanoparticles or making smart membranes for water-treatment are discussed in this minireview as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pabitra Saha
- DWI - Leibniz-Institute for Interactive Materials, 52074, Aachen, Germany.,Institute of Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, 52062, Aachen, Germany
| | - Ritabrata Ganguly
- Rubber Technology Centre, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, Kharagpur, 721302, India
| | - Xin Li
- DWI - Leibniz-Institute for Interactive Materials, 52074, Aachen, Germany.,Institute of Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, 52062, Aachen, Germany
| | - Rohan Das
- Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology (LIST), Avenue des Hauts-Fourneaux, Esch-sur-Alzette, 4362, Luxembourg
| | - Nikhil K Singha
- Rubber Technology Centre, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, Kharagpur, 721302, India
| | - Andrij Pich
- DWI - Leibniz-Institute for Interactive Materials, 52074, Aachen, Germany.,Institute of Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, 52062, Aachen, Germany.,Aachen Maastricht Institute for Biobased Materials (AMIBM), Maastricht University, Geleen, 6167, The Netherlands
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