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Hong X, Fang Y, Chao D. Molecular Terpyridine-Lanthanide Complexes Modified Carbon Nitride for Enhanced Photocatalytic CO 2 Reduction. Inorg Chem 2024; 63:12901-12909. [PMID: 38940643 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.4c01552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/29/2024]
Abstract
Molecule/semiconductor hybrid catalysts, which combine molecular metal complexes with semiconductors, have shown outstanding performances in photocatalytic CO2 reduction. In this work, we report two hybrid catalysts for the selective photoreduction of CO2 to CO. One is composed of carbon nitride and a terpyridine-Lu complex (denoted as LutpyCN), and the other is composed of carbon nitride and a terpyridine-Ce complex (denoted as CetpyCN). Compared with pristine carbon nitride, the hybrid catalysts LutpyCN and CetpyCN display a noteworthy increase in CO generation, boosting the yield by approximately 176 times and 106 times, respectively. Mechanistic studies demonstrate that such significant enhancement in photocatalysis is primarily due to more efficient separation of photogenerated carriers for hybrid catalysts after modifying CN with molecular terpyridine-lanthanide species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyue Hong
- School of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, China
| | - Youting Fang
- School of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, China
| | - Duobin Chao
- School of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, China
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Zhang X, Wu X, Chen R, Xu QH. A triazine-based covalent organic framework decorated with cadmium sulfide for efficient photocatalytic hydrogen evolution from water. J Colloid Interface Sci 2024; 665:100-108. [PMID: 38518422 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2024.03.104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Revised: 03/03/2024] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/24/2024]
Abstract
Construction of inorganic/organic heterostructures has been proven to be a very promising strategy to design highly efficient photocatalysts for solar driven hydrogen evolution from water. Herein, we report the preparation of a direct Z-scheme heterojunction photocatalyst by in situ growth of cadmium sulfide on a triazine-based covalent organic framework (COF). The triazine based-COF was synthesized by condensation reaction of precursors 1,3,5-tris-(4-formyl-phenyl) triazine (TFPT) and 2,5-bis-(3-hydroxypropoxy) terephthalohydrazide (DHTH), termed as TFPT-DHTH-COF. Widely distributed nitrogen atoms throughout TFPT-DHTH-COF skeletons serve as anchoring sites for strong interfacial interactions with CdS. The CdS/TFPT-DHTH-COF composite showed a hydrogen evolution rate of 15.75 mmol h-1 g-1, which is about 75 times higher than that of TFPT-DHTH-COF (0.21 mmol h-1 g-1) and 3.4 times higher than that of CdS (4.57 mmol h-1 g-1). With the properly staggered band alignment and strong interfacial interaction between TFPT-DHTH-COF and CdS, a Z-scheme charge transfer pathway is achieved. The mechanism has been systematically analyzed by steady state and time-resolved photoluminescence measurements as well as in situ irradiated X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangyu Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 117543, Singapore; National University of Singapore (Suzhou) Research Institute, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Xiao Wu
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 117543, Singapore; National University of Singapore (Suzhou) Research Institute, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Rufan Chen
- National University of Singapore (Suzhou) Research Institute, Suzhou 215123, China.
| | - Qing-Hua Xu
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 117543, Singapore; National University of Singapore (Suzhou) Research Institute, Suzhou 215123, China.
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Ye Q, Yang R, Huang L, Li Q, Zhang Q, Li D, Tian D, Jiang D. Bridging engineering of polymeric carbon nitride for boosting photocatalytic CO 2 reduction. J Colloid Interface Sci 2023; 652:813-824. [PMID: 37619260 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2023.08.108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Revised: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023]
Abstract
The inherent electron localized heptazine structure of carbon nitride (CN) derived from intrinsic tertiary N (N3C) bridging structure makes the photogenerated charge separation rather difficult, which severely limits photocatalytic CO2 activity of CN. Therefore, modulation of N3C bridging structure of CN is highly desirable to enhance the charge separation efficiency of CN. Herein, we reported a novel thiophene-bridged CN (BTCN) with intramolecular donor-π-acceptor (D-π-A) systems synthesized by nucleophilic substitution and Schiff base reaction to improve the photogenerated charge separation efficiency. The experimental and density functional theory (DFT) results indicate that this BTCN exhibits a high π-electron delocalization range and enhanced photogenerated charge transfer efficiency, which mainly account for the enhanced photocatalytic activity. The optimal BTCN photocatalyst exhibits enhanced charge separation efficiency and higher photocatalytic CO2 reduction activity with a CO yield of 23.02 μmol·g-1·h-1, which was higher than those of CN and edge-modified CN (ETCN) counterpart. This work highlights the importance of regulation of π-electron delocalization for the design of highly active CN photocatalysts via the rational substitution of N3C bridging structure with π-spacer molecular linkages for photocatalytic CO2 reduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianjin Ye
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Ran Yang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Longhui Huang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Qin Li
- Institute for Energy Research, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Qiong Zhang
- Institute for Energy Research, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Di Li
- Institute for Energy Research, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang 212013, China.
| | - Dan Tian
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Deli Jiang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang 212013, China.
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Facile Construction of Intramolecular g-CN-PTCDA Donor-Acceptor System for Efficient CO2 Photoreduction. Catalysts 2023. [DOI: 10.3390/catal13030600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Due to the different electron affinity, the construction of a donor-acceptor (DA) system in the graphitic carbon nitride (g-CN) matrix is an attractive tactic to accelerate photo-induced electron-holes separation, and then further elevate its photocatalytic performance. In this work, perylene tetracarboxylic dianhydride (PTCDA) with magnificent electron affinity and excellent thermal stability was chosen to copolymerize with urea via facile one-pot thermal copolymerization to fabricate g-CN-PTCDA equipped with DA structures. The specific surface area of g-CN-PTCDA would be enlarged and the visible light absorption range would be broadened simultaneously when adopting this copolymerization strategy. A series of characterizations such as electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR), steady and transient photoluminescence spectra (PL), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), and photocurrent tests combined with computational simulation confirmed the charge separation and transfer efficiency dramatically improved due to the DA structures construction. When 0.25% wt PTCDA was introduced, the CO evolution rate was nearly 23 times than that of pristine g-CN. The CO evolution rate could reach up to 87.2 μmol g−1 h−1 when certain Co2+ was added as co-catalytic centers. Meanwhile, g-CN-1 mg PTCDA-Co exhibited excellent long-term stability and recyclability as a heterogeneous photocatalyst. This research may shed light on designing more effective DA structures for solar-to-energy conversion by CO2 reduction.
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Triptycene incorporated carbon nitride based donor-acceptor conjugated polymers with superior visible-light photocatalytic activities. J Colloid Interface Sci 2022; 622:675-689. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2022.04.138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Revised: 04/23/2022] [Accepted: 04/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Yang C, Hou Y, Luo G, Yu J, Cao S. Alkyl group-decorated g-C 3N 4 for enhanced gas-phase CO 2 photoreduction. NANOSCALE 2022; 14:11972-11978. [PMID: 35929773 DOI: 10.1039/d2nr02551e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
With excellent physical/chemical stability and feasible synthesis, g-C3N4 has attracted much attention in the field of photocatalysis. However, its weak photoactivity limits its practical applications. Herein, by easily planting hydrophobic alkyl groups onto g-C3N4, the hydrophilicity of g-C3N4 can be well regulated and its specific surface area be enlarged simultaneously. Such a modification ensures enhanced CO2 capture and increased active sites. In addition, the introduction of alkyl groups endows g-C3N4 with abundant charge density and efficient separation of photoinduced excitons. All these advantages synergistically contribute to the enhanced photocatalytic CO2 reduction performance over the optimized catalyst (DCN90), and the total CO2 conversion is 7.4-fold that of pristine g-C3N4 (CN).
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China.
| | - Yanting Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China.
| | - Guoqiang Luo
- Chaozhou Branch of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Guangdong Laboratory, Chaozhou 521000, China
| | - Jiaguo Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China.
| | - Shaowen Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China.
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Jiao Y, Li Y, Wang J, He Z, Li Z. Edge electron-rich carbon nitride via π-acceptor frame with high-efficient charge separation for photocatalytic hydrogen evolution and environmental remediation. J Colloid Interface Sci 2022; 626:889-898. [PMID: 35835040 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2022.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Revised: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Carbon nitride (g-C3N4) has broad application prospects in photocatalytic hydrogen production, but its photocatalytic efficiency is not ideal because of the rapid recombination of photogenerated electrons and holes. Herein, we developed a green strategy to fabricate hydroxyls and carbon-bridging co-modified g-C3N4 (CCN-OH) through a one-pot copolymerization and hydrothermal treatment. Experiments and density functional theory (DFT) calculations illustrated that carbon substitution of partial bridge nitrogen can improve the degree of electron delocalization to enhance the electron supply capacity of g-C3N4, and the exsitence of the electron-withdrawing OH group induces electron migration from carbon nitride to hydroxyl group, which further improves the efficiency of photogenerated charge separation. In addition, CCN-OH possess narrower band structure, resulting in an increased visible light utilization efficiency. The as-synthesized CCN-OH9 samples displayed an excellent photocatalytic activity for degradation of tetracycline with apparent reaction rate constant (k) of 0.018 min-1 and photocatalytic hydrogen evolution of 1880.3 μmol g-1h-1, which was respectively 2.2 and 9.8 times higher than that of CN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingying Jiao
- College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, PR China
| | - Yike Li
- College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, PR China.
| | - Jianshe Wang
- College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, PR China.
| | - Zhanhang He
- College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, PR China
| | - Zhongjun Li
- College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, PR China
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Zhang Y, Yang M, Wang Y, Huang W, Ji M. Lighting up hydrogen peroxide in living cells by a novel quinoxalinamine based fluorescent probe. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2022; 267:120528. [PMID: 34742156 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2021.120528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Revised: 10/04/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), a member of small-molecule reactive oxygen species (ROS), plays vital roles in normal physiological activities and the occurrence of many diseases. In this work, two off-on fluorescent probes, QX8A-H2O2 and QX9A-H2O2, were firstly designed for H2O2 detection with novel fused quinoxalines as the fluorophores and boronate moiety as the reaction sites. By comparing the optical properties, QX9A-H2O2 with better performance was selected for further studies. QX9A-H2O2 exhibited a high sensitivity to H2O2 with the detection limit as low as 46 nM, and displayed a good selectivity towards H2O2 over other reactants such as ROS, biothiols and various ions. The detection was based on the intramolecular charge transfer (ICT), proceeding through a sequential oxidative hydrolysis, 1,6-rearrangement elimination and decarboxylation process to release the fluorophore QX9A. Moreover, probe QX9A-H2O2 was cell permeable and was successfully employed in both exogenous and endogenous H2O2 imaging in living cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Jiangsu Food and Pharmaceutical Science College, Meicheng Road 4, Huaian, Jiangsu 223003, PR China.
| | - Min Yang
- School of Biological Sciences and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Dingjiaqiao 87, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, PR China
| | - Yuesong Wang
- School of Biological Sciences and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Dingjiaqiao 87, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, PR China
| | - Weiye Huang
- School of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Jiangsu Food and Pharmaceutical Science College, Meicheng Road 4, Huaian, Jiangsu 223003, PR China
| | - Min Ji
- School of Biological Sciences and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Dingjiaqiao 87, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, PR China.
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