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Zhang M, Hou J, Xia J, Zeng Y, Miao L. Influences of input concentration, media particle size, metal cation valence, and ionic concentration on the transport, long-term release, and particle breakage of polyvinyl chloride nanoplastics in saturated porous media. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 322:138130. [PMID: 36780995 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.138130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The environmental impact of nanoplastics has gradually attracted widespread attention; however, nanoplastics of polyvinyl chloride, one of the most commonly used plastics, have not yet been studied. In this study, we investigated the transport, long-term release behavior, and particle fracture of polyvinyl chloride nanoplastics (PVC NPs) in saturated quartz sand with different metal cations, ionic concentrations, input concentrations, and sand grain sizes by determining breakthrough, long-term release, and particle size distribution curves. The breakthrough curves and retention profiles were simulated by a mathematical model. The transport of PVC NPs increased with increased input concentration and sand grain size, which could be predicted by the Derjaguin-Landau-Verwey-Overbeek (DLVO) and colloid filtration theories. Increased ionic concentration and metal cation valence could restrain the transport of PVC NPs in saturated quartz sand owing to the decreased energy barrier between PVC NPs and sand grains. The total released amount of PVC NPs in the long-term release tests with different experimental conditions ranged from 3.91 to 21.95%. Increased sand grain size and decreased metal cation valence and ionic concentration resulted in an increased released amount of retained PVC NPs in saturated quartz sand, indicating increased release ability and mobility. The particle fracture results indicated that the PVC NPs were not broken down during long-term release under the experimental conditions of this research. This opens up a completely new and meaningful study of whether nanoplastics are broken down into smaller nanoplastics during their long-term release under various conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingzhi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resources Development on Shallow Lakes of Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Hou
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resources Development on Shallow Lakes of Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Xia
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resources Development on Shallow Lakes of Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuan Zeng
- Nanjing Institute of Environmental Science, Ministry of Ecology and Environment of the People's Republic of China, Nanjing, 210042, People's Republic of China.
| | - Lingzhan Miao
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resources Development on Shallow Lakes of Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, People's Republic of China
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Ghosh D, Das S, Gahlot VK, Pulimi M, Anand S, Chandrasekaran N, Rai PK, Mukherjee A. Nano-SiO 2 transport and retention in saturated porous medium: Influence of pH, ionic strength, and natural organics. JOURNAL OF CONTAMINANT HYDROLOGY 2022; 248:104029. [PMID: 35653834 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconhyd.2022.104029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2022] [Revised: 04/30/2022] [Accepted: 05/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Nano silica (nSiO2), induces potential harmful effects on the living environment and human health. It is well established that SiO2 facilitates the co-transport of a variety of other contaminants, including heavy metals and pesticides. The current study focused on the systematic evaluation of the effects of multiple physicochemical parameters such as pH (5, 7, and 9), ionic strength (10, 50, and 100 mM), and humic acid (0.1, 1, and 10 mg/L) on the transport and retention of nSiO2 in saturated porous medium. Additionally, the influent concentration of nSiO2 (10, 50, and 100 mg/L) was also varied. Our experimental findings indicate that the size of nSiO2 aggregates was directly related to the pH, ionic strength, HA, and particle concentration had a significant impact on the breakthrough curves (BTCs). The stability provided by the varying concentrations of pH and humic acid had a significant effect on the size of nSiO2 aggregates and transport (C/C0 > 0.7). The presence of a greater magnitude of negative charge on the surface of both nSiO2 and quartz sand resulted in less aggregation and enhanced flow of nSiO2 through the sand column. The Electrostatic and steric repulsion forces were the primary governing mechanisms in relation to the size of nSiO2 aggregates, affecting the single-collector efficiency and attachment efficiency, which determined the maximal transport of nSiO2. Conversely, a probable increase in Van der Waals force of attraction exacerbated the particle deposition and reduced their mobility for high ionic strength, and particle concentrations (C/C0 < 0.1). The formation of large nSiO2 aggregates, in particular, was principally responsible for the enhancement of nSiO2 retention in sand columns over a broad range of IS and particle concentration. The interaction energy profiles based on the Derjaguin-Landau-Verwey-Overbeek (DLVO) theory were determined to understand the mechanism of nSiO2 deposition. Aditionally, all the experimental BTCs were mathematically simulated and justified by the colloidal filtration theory (CFT). Considering the environmental ramifications, the transport behavior of nSiO2 was further evaluated in various natural matrices such as river, lake, ground, and tap water. The nSiO2 suspended in the river, lake, and tap water had significantly higher mobility (C/C0 > 0.7), whereas groundwater indicated higher retention (C/C0 < 0.3). The study advances our collective knowledge of physicochemical and environmental parameters that can affect particle mobility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debayan Ghosh
- Centre for Nanobiotechnology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Soupam Das
- Centre for Nanobiotechnology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Vikas Kumar Gahlot
- Centre for Fire, Explosive and Environment Safety, Timarpur, Delhi 110054, India
| | - Mrudula Pulimi
- Centre for Nanobiotechnology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Shalini Anand
- Centre for Fire, Explosive and Environment Safety, Timarpur, Delhi 110054, India
| | - N Chandrasekaran
- Centre for Nanobiotechnology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Pramod Kumar Rai
- Centre for Fire, Explosive and Environment Safety, Timarpur, Delhi 110054, India
| | - Amitava Mukherjee
- Centre for Nanobiotechnology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India.
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Bueno V, Gao X, Abdul Rahim A, Wang P, Bayen S, Ghoshal S. Uptake and Translocation of a Silica Nanocarrier and an Encapsulated Organic Pesticide Following Foliar Application in Tomato Plants. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2022; 56:6722-6732. [PMID: 35467849 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.1c08185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Pesticide nanoencapsulation and its foliar application are promising approaches for improving the efficiency of current pesticide application practices, whose losses can reach 99%. Here, we investigated the uptake and translocation of azoxystrobin, a systemic pesticide, encapsulated within porous hollow silica nanoparticles (PHSNs) of a mean diameter of 253 ± 73 nm, following foliar application on tomato plants. The PHSNs had 67% loading efficiency for azoxystrobin and enabled its controlled release over several days. Thus, the nanoencapsulated pesticide was taken up and distributed more slowly than the nonencapsulated pesticide. A total of 8.7 ± 1.3 μg of the azoxystrobin was quantified in different plant parts, 4 days after 20 μg of nanoencapsulated pesticide application on a single leaf of each plant. In parallel, the uptake and translocation of the PHSNs (as total Si and particulate SiO2) in the plant were characterized. The total Si translocated after 4 days was 15.5 ± 1.6 μg, and the uptake rate and translocation patterns for PHSNs were different from their pesticide load. Notably, PHSNs were translocated throughout the plant, although they were much larger than known size-exclusion limits (reportedly below 50 nm) in plant tissues, which points to knowledge gaps in the translocation mechanisms of nanoparticles in plants. The translocation patterns of azoxystrobin vary significantly following foliar uptake of the nanosilica-encapsulated and nonencapsulated pesticide formulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinicius Bueno
- Department of Civil Engineering, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 0C3, Canada
| | - Xiaoyu Gao
- Department of Civil Engineering, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 0C3, Canada
| | - Arshath Abdul Rahim
- Department of Civil Engineering, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 0C3, Canada
| | - Peiying Wang
- Department of Food Science and Agricultural Chemistry, McGill University, Ste-Anne-de-Bellevue, Quebec H9X 3V9, Canada
| | - Stéphane Bayen
- Department of Food Science and Agricultural Chemistry, McGill University, Ste-Anne-de-Bellevue, Quebec H9X 3V9, Canada
| | - Subhasis Ghoshal
- Department of Civil Engineering, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 0C3, Canada
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Li D, Yang Z, Zhang R, Hu R, Chen YF. Morphological patterns and interface instability during withdrawal of liquid-particle mixtures. J Colloid Interface Sci 2021; 608:1598-1607. [PMID: 34742076 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2021.10.115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Revised: 10/11/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
HYPOTHESIS The stability of fluid-fluid interface is key to control the displacement efficiency in multiphase flow. The existence of particles can alter the interfacial dynamics and induce various morphological patterns. Moreover, the particle aggregations are expected to have a significant impact on the interface stability and patterns. EXPERIMENTS Monodisperse polyethylene particles of different sizes are uniformly mixed in silicone oil to form the granular mixtures, which are injected into a transparent radial Hele-Shaw cell through different strategies to obtain the homogeneous and inhomogeneous (with particle aggregations) initial states. Subsequently, a systematic study of morphology and interface stability during the withdrawal of granular mixtures is performed. FINDINGS For homogeneous mixtures, we observe earlier onset of fingering, more fingers and lower gas saturation at breakthrough than for pure fluid with equivalent viscosity. This effect can be attributed to the particle-induced perturbations. For inhomogeneous mixtures, particle clusters and bands significantly enhance the interface instability. Furthermore, we find that particle deposition due to liquid film entrainment occurs above a critical local flow velocity, and we elucidate the responsible mechanism through force balance analysis and the thin film theory. This work could be of practical significance in geoenergy and industrial applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongqi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China; Key Laboratory of Rock Mechanics in Hydraulic Structural Engineering of the Ministry of Education, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Zhibing Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China; Key Laboratory of Rock Mechanics in Hydraulic Structural Engineering of the Ministry of Education, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China.
| | - Renjun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China; Key Laboratory of Rock Mechanics in Hydraulic Structural Engineering of the Ministry of Education, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Ran Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China; Key Laboratory of Rock Mechanics in Hydraulic Structural Engineering of the Ministry of Education, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Yi-Feng Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China; Key Laboratory of Rock Mechanics in Hydraulic Structural Engineering of the Ministry of Education, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
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Hidayat M, Sarmadivaleh M, Derksen J, Vega-Maza D, Iglauer S, Vinogradov J. Zeta potential of CO 2-rich aqueous solutions in contact with intact sandstone sample at temperatures of 23 °C and 40 °C and pressures up to 10.0 MPa. J Colloid Interface Sci 2021; 607:1226-1238. [PMID: 34571309 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2021.09.076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Revised: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Despite the broad range of interest and applications, controls on the electric surface charge and the zeta potential of silica in contact with aqueous solutions saturated with dissolved CO2 at conditions relevant to natural systems, remains unreported. There have been no published zeta potential measurements conducted in such systems at equilibrium, hence the effect of composition, pH, temperature and pressure remains unknown. We describe a novel methodology developed for the streaming potential measurements under these conditions, and report zeta potential values for the first time obtained with Fontainebleau sandstone core sample saturated with carbonated NaCl, Na2SO4, CaCl2 and MgCl2 solutions under equilibrium conditions at pressures up to 10 MPa and temperatures up to 40 °C. The results demonstrate that pH of solutions is the only control on the zeta potential, while temperature, CO2 pressure and salt type affect pH values. We report three empirical relationships that describe the pH dependence of the zeta potential for: i) dead (partial CO2 pressure of 10-3.44 atm) NaCl/Na2SO4, ii) dead CaCl2/MgCl2 solutions, and iii) for all live (fully saturated with dissolved CO2) solutions. The proposed new relationships provide essential insights into interfacial electrochemical properties of silica-water systems at conditions relevant to CO2 geological storage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miftah Hidayat
- University of Aberdeen, School of Engineering, Elphinstone Road, AB24 3UE Aberdeen, United Kingdom; Curtin University, Discipline of Petroleum Engineering, 26 Dick Perry Avenue, 6151 Kensington, Australia
| | - Mohammad Sarmadivaleh
- Curtin University, Discipline of Petroleum Engineering, 26 Dick Perry Avenue, 6151 Kensington, Australia
| | - Jos Derksen
- University of Aberdeen, School of Engineering, Elphinstone Road, AB24 3UE Aberdeen, United Kingdom
| | - David Vega-Maza
- University of Aberdeen, School of Engineering, Elphinstone Road, AB24 3UE Aberdeen, United Kingdom; Now at University of Valladolid, School of Engineering. TermoCal, BioEcoUva Institute, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Stefan Iglauer
- Edith Cowan University, Centre for Sustainable Energy and Resources, 270 Joondalup Drive, 6027 Joondalup, Australia; Edith Cowan University, School of Engineering, 270 Joondalup Drive, 6027 Joondalup, Australia
| | - Jan Vinogradov
- University of Aberdeen, School of Engineering, Elphinstone Road, AB24 3UE Aberdeen, United Kingdom.
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