1
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Zhang Z, Song S, Ding Y, Yu J, Wu W, Li J, Wang X, Guo Y, Gong L. Ultrasonic enhanced liquid-liquid interfacial reaction for improving the synthesis of Iron-doped carbon dots (Fe-CDs) for achieving superior photocatalytic performance. J Colloid Interface Sci 2024; 669:816-824. [PMID: 38749220 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2024.05.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2024] [Revised: 04/30/2024] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/27/2024]
Abstract
The precise and controllable preparation of carbon nanomaterials under mild conditions poses a great challenge, especially for metal-catalysed multiphase preparation. This work proposes an efficient method that utilizing high-density ultrasound to enhance the liquid-liquid interfacial reaction system. Iron-doped carbon dots (Fe-CDs) are successfully synthesized in such a normal temperature and atmospheric-pressure reaction condition. It is shown that transient cavitation provides a high-temperature and high-pressure microenvironment for the preparation of Fe-CDs. Moreover, the size of the reactant droplets is reduced from 200.0 ± 17.3 μm to 8.1 ± 2.9 μm owing to the acoustic flow and cavitation effects, which increases the specific surface area of the two reacting phases and improves the mass transfer coefficient by more than 252.0 %. As a result, the yield increases by more than an order of magnitude (from 0.7 ± 0.1 % to 11.9 ± 0.2 %) and the Fe doping rate reaches 20.9 %. The photocatalytic oxidation conversion of 1,4-Dihydropyridine (1,4-DHP) using the obtained Fe-CDs is as high as 98.2 %. This research gives a new approach for the efficient and safe production of Fe-CDs, which is promising for industrial applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zongbo Zhang
- College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, PR China.
| | - Shiliang Song
- College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, PR China
| | - Yan Ding
- College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, PR China
| | - Jianhai Yu
- College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, PR China
| | - Wenting Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, PR China.
| | - Jin Li
- College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, PR China
| | - Xin Wang
- College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, PR China
| | - Yong Guo
- College of New Energy, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, PR China
| | - Liang Gong
- College of New Energy, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, PR China
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2
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Miao C, Wang Q, Yang S, Tang Y, Liu X, Lu S. Hydrothermal route upcycling surgical masks into dual-emitting carbon dots as ratiometric fluorescent probe for Cr (VI) and corrosion inhibitor in saline solution. Talanta 2024; 275:126070. [PMID: 38678920 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2024.126070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2024] [Revised: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
Exploration effective route to convert plastic waste into valuable carbon dots with bifunction of metal fluorescence monitoring and corrosion protection in seawater is promising. Herein, using "white-pollution" polypropylene surgical masks as a single precursor, dual-emitting carbon dots (CDs) with excellent ratiometric fluorescent sensitivity and corrosion inhibitor efficiency were fabricated with high yield (∼100 %) by a one-pot in situ acid oxidation hydrothermal strategy without post-treatment and organic solvents. Chemical, structural, morphological, optical properties and the Cr (VI) detection and Cu inhibition mechanism of the synthesized CDs had been systematically studied. Furthermore, a dual-response-OFF proportional fluorescent probe had been developed for the detection of the analyte Cr (VI) with a low detection limit of 24 nM. Additionally, the corrosion inhibition efficiency of the prepared CDs reached approximately 94.01 % for Cu substrate in 3.5 wt% NaCl electrolyte under a CDs concentration of 200 mg/L, which is higher than that of most previous reports.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caiqin Miao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, China
| | - Qun Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, China.
| | - Shuang Yang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, China
| | - Yihui Tang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, China
| | - Xiyan Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, China
| | - Songtao Lu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, China
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3
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Wang H, Sun H, Shao H, Liu F, Xu S, Zheng P, Zheng L, Ying Z, Zheng H, Jiang Y, Zhang Y. Multi-functional ratiometric detection based on dual-emitting N-doped carbon dots. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2024; 313:124149. [PMID: 38490120 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2024.124149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Revised: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/10/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024]
Abstract
Ratiometric fluorescence probes based on multi-emission carbon dots improve accuracy and sensitivity on detecting various environment issues. Herein, a novel dual-emitting N-doped carbon dots (N-CDs) was synthesized from citric acid and urea via a solvothermal method in N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF). The blue and orange emissions of N-CDs in water were modulated, and pure white light-emitting with Commission Internationale de L'Eclairage (CIE) coordinates of (0.33, 0.33) was achieved. The two PL centers behaved differently for Fe3+, Cu2+ and Ag+ ions, with the limit of detection (LOD) of ppm as fluorescence probes. Additionally, N-CDs displayed unique solvatochromism phenomenon. A new green emission appeared in organic solvents and gradually quenched with the increase of solvent polarity. The ratiometric PL displayed an excellent linear response for detecting water, and the LOD was between 0.003 % and 0.3 % in DMF, ethanol, isopropanol and N-methylpyrrolidone. Furthermore, N-CDs exhibited pH-sensitive response in the range of 4.0-7.0 and temperature-dependent response during heating-cooling cycles between 15 and 70 °C. A simple, efficient and reliable multi-functional ratiometric probe for detecting metal ions, water content, pH and temperature simultaneously was realized. However, there is a need for future application research to overcome the limitation imposed by the excitation wavelength of 330 nm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiyang Wang
- Lab for Nanoelectronics and NanoDevices, Department of Electronics Information, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou 310018, Zhejiang, China
| | - Hongcan Sun
- Advance Photonics Center, School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, Jiangsu, China
| | - HaiBao Shao
- School of Electronics and Information, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, Jiangsu, China
| | - Fan Liu
- Advance Photonics Center, School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shuhong Xu
- Advance Photonics Center, School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, Jiangsu, China
| | - Peng Zheng
- Lab for Nanoelectronics and NanoDevices, Department of Electronics Information, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou 310018, Zhejiang, China
| | - Liang Zheng
- Lab for Nanoelectronics and NanoDevices, Department of Electronics Information, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou 310018, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhihua Ying
- Lab for Nanoelectronics and NanoDevices, Department of Electronics Information, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou 310018, Zhejiang, China
| | - Hui Zheng
- Lab for Nanoelectronics and NanoDevices, Department of Electronics Information, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou 310018, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yuan Jiang
- Lab for Nanoelectronics and NanoDevices, Department of Electronics Information, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou 310018, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Yang Zhang
- Lab for Nanoelectronics and NanoDevices, Department of Electronics Information, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou 310018, Zhejiang, China.
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4
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Li Z. Facile Synthesis of B/P Co-Doping Multicolor Emissive Carbon Dots Derived from Phenylenediamine Isomers and Their Application in Anticounterfeiting. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 14:813. [PMID: 38786770 PMCID: PMC11123944 DOI: 10.3390/nano14100813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2024] [Revised: 05/03/2024] [Accepted: 05/04/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Carbon dots (CDs) possess a considerable number of beneficial features for latent applications in biotargeted drugs, electronic transistors, and encrypted information. The synthesis of fluorescent carbon dots has become a trend in contemporary research, especially in the field of controllable multicolor fluorescent carbon dots. In this study, an elementary one-step hydrothermal method was employed to synthesize the multicolor fluorescent carbon dots by co-doping unique phenylenediamine isomers (o-PD, m-PD, and p-PD) with B and P elements, which under 365 nm UV light exhibited signs of lavender-color, grass-color, and tangerine-color fluorescence, respectively. Further investigations reveal the distinctness in the polymerization, surface-specific functional groups, and graphite N content of the multicolor CDs, which may be the chief factor regarding the different optical behaviors of the multicolor CDs. This new work offers a route for the exploration of multicolor CDs using B/P co-doping and suggests great potential in the field of optical materials, important information encryption, and commercial anticounterfeiting labels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiwei Li
- Key Laboratory for Polymeric Composite and Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China;
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
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5
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Dimitriev O, Kysil D, Zaderko A, Isaieva O, Vasin A, Piryatinski Y, Fahlman M, Nazarov A. Photoluminescence quantum yield of carbon dots: emission due to multiple centers versus excitonic emission. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2024; 6:2185-2197. [PMID: 38633041 PMCID: PMC11019485 DOI: 10.1039/d4na00033a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
Carbon dots (CDs) are recognized as promising fluorescent nanomaterials with bright emission and large variations of photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY). However, there is still no unique approach for explanation of mechanisms and recipes for synthetic procedures/chemical composition of CDs responsible for the enhancement of PLQY. Here, we compare photophysical behavior and PLQY of two types of CDs synthesized by different routes, leading to the different extent of oxidation and composition. The first type of CDs represents a conjugated carbon system oxidized by F, N and O heteroatoms, whereas the second type represents a non-conjugated carbon system oxidized by oxygen. Photophysical data, photoemission spectroscopy and microscopy data yield the suggestion that in the first case, a structure with a distinct carbon core and highly oxidized electron-accepting shell is formed. This leads to the excitonic type non-tunable emission with single-exponent decay and high PLQY with a strong dependence on the solvent polarity, being as high as 93% in dioxane and as low as 30% in aqueous medium, but which is vulnerable to photobleaching. In the second case, the oxidized CDs do not indicate a clear core-shell structure and show poor solvatochromism, negligible photobleaching, low PLQY varying in the range of 0.7-2.3% depending on the solvent used, and tunable emission with multi-exponent decay, which can be described by the model of multiple emission centers acting through a clustering-triggered emission mechanism. The obtained results lead to a strategy that allows one to design carbon nanomaterials with principally different PLQYs that differ by orders of magnitude.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oleg Dimitriev
- V. Lashkaryov Institute of Semiconductor Physics, NAS of Ukraine Pr. Nauky 41 Kyiv 03028 Ukraine
- Laboratory of Organic Electronics, Linköping University Norrköping 60174 Sweden
- Wallenberg Wood Science Center, Laboratory of Organic Electronics, Linköping University Norrköping 60174 Sweden
| | - Dmytro Kysil
- V. Lashkaryov Institute of Semiconductor Physics, NAS of Ukraine Pr. Nauky 41 Kyiv 03028 Ukraine
| | - Alexander Zaderko
- Institute of High Technologies, Taras Shevchenko National University Kyiv 01033 Ukraine
| | - Oksana Isaieva
- V. Lashkaryov Institute of Semiconductor Physics, NAS of Ukraine Pr. Nauky 41 Kyiv 03028 Ukraine
- National University "Kyiv-Mohyla Academy" Skovorody, 2 Kyiv 04070 Ukraine
| | - Andrii Vasin
- V. Lashkaryov Institute of Semiconductor Physics, NAS of Ukraine Pr. Nauky 41 Kyiv 03028 Ukraine
- National Technical University "Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute" 37, Peremohy Ave. Kyiv 03056 Ukraine
| | - Yuri Piryatinski
- Institute of Physics, NAS of Ukraine Pr. Nauki 46 Kyiv 03028 Ukraine
| | - Mats Fahlman
- Laboratory of Organic Electronics, Linköping University Norrköping 60174 Sweden
- Wallenberg Wood Science Center, Laboratory of Organic Electronics, Linköping University Norrköping 60174 Sweden
| | - Alexei Nazarov
- V. Lashkaryov Institute of Semiconductor Physics, NAS of Ukraine Pr. Nauky 41 Kyiv 03028 Ukraine
- National Technical University "Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute" 37, Peremohy Ave. Kyiv 03056 Ukraine
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6
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Kaczmarek A, Wisniewska A, Mościcki T, Hoffman J. The Luminescence of Laser-Produced Carbon Nanodots: The Effect of Aggregation in PEI Solution. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 17:1573. [PMID: 38612087 PMCID: PMC11012247 DOI: 10.3390/ma17071573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Revised: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
Carbon nanodots (CNDs) produced in pure water by the ablation of graphite with a nanosecond laser pulse exhibit weak photoluminescence. A small addition of polyethyleneimine (PEI) to the aqueous suspension of CNDs causes a significant increase in emissions. This paper presents experimental and theoretical studies of the emission properties of CND/PEI systems. The obtained CNDs responded to even trace amounts of PEI in solution (~0.014% v/v), resulting in a significant increase in the initial weak blue emission of CNDs and PEI taken separately. Morphology and size measurements showed that particle aggregation occurred in the presence of the polymer. A decrease in the calculated Stokes shift values was observed with increasing PEI content in the solution. This indicates a reduction in the number of non-radiative transitions, which explains the increase in the emission intensity of the CND/PEI systems. These results therefore confirmed that the increase in the emission of CND/PEI systems is caused by particle aggregation. Kinetic studies proved that the process is controlled mainly by diffusion, the initial stage of which has a dominant influence on determining the optical properties of the system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agata Kaczmarek
- Institute of Fundamental Technological Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Pawinskiego 5B, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Agnieszka Wisniewska
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Tomasz Mościcki
- Institute of Fundamental Technological Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Pawinskiego 5B, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Jacek Hoffman
- Institute of Fundamental Technological Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Pawinskiego 5B, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland;
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7
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Wang X, Zhang R, Ma X, Xu Z, Ma M, Zhang T, Ma Y, Shi F. Carbon dots@noble metal nanoparticle composites: research progress report. Analyst 2024; 149:665-688. [PMID: 38205593 DOI: 10.1039/d3an01580g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
Carbon dots@noble metal nanoparticle composites are formed by combining carbon dots and metal nanoparticles using various strategies. Carbon dots exhibit a reducing ability and function as stabilisers; consequently, metal-ion solutions can be directly reduced by them to synthesise gold, silver, and gold-silver alloy particles. Carbon dots@gold/silver/gold-silver particle composites have demonstrated the potential for several practical applications owing to their superior properties and simple preparation process. Until now, several review articles have been published to summarise fluorescent carbon dots or noble metal nanomaterials. Compared with metal-free carbon dots, carbon dots@noble metal nanoparticles have a unique morphology and structure, resulting in new physicochemical properties, which allow for sensing, bioimaging, and bacteriostasis applications. Therefore, to promote the effective development of carbon dots@noble metal nanoparticle composites, this paper primarily reviews carbon dots@gold/silver/gold-silver alloy nanoparticle composites for the first time in terms of the following aspects. (1) The synthesis strategies of carbon dots@noble metal nanoparticle composites are outlined. The principle and function of carbon dots in the synthesis strategies are examined. The advantages and disadvantages of these methods and composites are analysed. (2) The characteristics and properties of such composites are described. (3) The applications of these composite materials are summarised. Finally, the potentials and limitations of carbon dots@noble metal nanoparticle composites are discussed, thus laying the foundation for their further development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuejing Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832003, China.
| | - Renyin Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832003, China.
| | - Xiaoyu Ma
- College of Life Sciences, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832003, China.
| | - Zhihua Xu
- College of Life Sciences, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832003, China.
| | - Mingze Ma
- College of Life Sciences, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832003, China.
| | - Tieying Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832003, China.
| | - Yu Ma
- College of Life Sciences, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832003, China.
| | - Feng Shi
- College of Life Sciences, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832003, China.
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8
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Yang Y, Tong C, Zhou R, Qin Z, Xu J, Liao C, Zhang S, Shi S, Guo Y. Hinge-like paper-based dual-channel enzyme-free ratiometric fluorescent microfluidic platform for simultaneous visual detection of carbaryl and glyphosate. Food Chem 2024; 431:137127. [PMID: 37573744 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.137127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Revised: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023]
Abstract
On-site multi-pesticide residues detection is particularly urgent and challenging. Here, we fabricated an enzyme-free ratiometric fluorescent detection system in combination with a hinge-like dual-channel 3D microfluidic paper analytical device (3D μPAD) for simultaneous visual detection of carbaryl and glyphosate. Blue-emission 1-naphthol (Em. 470 nm) was hydrolyzed from carbaryl, while yellow-emission 2,3-diaminophenazine (Em. 570 nm) was produced with the aid of Cu2+ for glyphosate sensing. Inner-filter effect between 1-naphthol or 2,3-diaminophenazine and green-emission carbon dots (Em. 510 nm) realized two ratiometric fluorescent detection systems. Remarkable color variation of green-blue for carbaryl (50.00-1100 μΜ) and yellow-green for glyphosate (5.00-600 μΜ) were observed on a dual-channel 3D μPAD without crosstalk. Their detection limits were 1.11 and 0.63 μΜ, respectively. The strategy realized simultaneous visual detection of carbaryl and glyphosate in food/herbal with excellent accuracy (spiked recoveries, 91.00-107.2%), high precision (RSD ≤ 8.43%), and superior selectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangyu Yang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, Hunan, China; Institute of Chinese Medicine Resources, Hunan Academy of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410013, Hunan, China
| | - Chaoying Tong
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, Hunan, China
| | - Rongrong Zhou
- Institute of Chinese Medicine Resources, Hunan Academy of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410013, Hunan, China; Central Laboratory, The Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Academy of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410000, Hunan, China
| | - Ziyi Qin
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, Hunan, China
| | - Jinju Xu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, Hunan, China
| | - Chunhui Liao
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, Hunan, China
| | - Shuihan Zhang
- Institute of Chinese Medicine Resources, Hunan Academy of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410013, Hunan, China.
| | - Shuyun Shi
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, Hunan, China; Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Central South University, Changsha 410078, Hunan, China.
| | - Ying Guo
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Central South University, Changsha 410078, Hunan, China.
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9
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Kang C, Tao S, Yang F, Zheng C, Qu Z, Yang B. Enabling Carbonized Polymer Dots with Color-tunable Time-dependent Room Temperature Phosphorescence through Confining Carboxyl Dimer Association. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202316527. [PMID: 37983665 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202316527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Revised: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
Developing a facile strategy to realize fine-tuning of phosphorescence color in time-dependent room temperature phosphorescence (RTP) materials is essential but both theoretically and practically rarely exploited. Through simultaneously confining carboxyl dimer association and isolated carboxyl into the particle via a simple hydrothermal treatment of polyacrylic acid, a dual-peak emission of red phosphorescence (645 nm) and green phosphorescence (550 nm) was observed from carbonized polymer dots (CPDs). The ratio of the two luminescent species can be well regulated by hydrochloric acid inhibiting the dissociation of carboxyl to promote hydrogen bond. Due to comparable but different lifetimes, color-tunable time-dependent RTP with color changing from yellow to green or orange to green were obtained. Based on the crosslinking enhanced emission effect, the phosphorescence visible time was even extended to 7 s through introducing polyethylenimide. This study not only proposes a novel and facile method for developing CPDs with color-tunable time-dependent RTP, but also provides a bran-new non-conjugated red phosphorescence unit and its definite structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunyuan Kang
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University Changchun 130012 (P. R. China)
| | - Songyuan Tao
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University Changchun 130012 (P. R. China)
| | - Fan Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University Changchun 130012 (P. R. China)
| | - Chengyu Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University Changchun 130012 (P. R. China)
| | - Zexing Qu
- Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, 130023, P. R. China
| | - Bai Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University Changchun 130012 (P. R. China)
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10
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Gao Q, Guo X, Meng L, Liu M, Chen L, Li H, Hu J. N, S/P co-doped hemicellulose-based carbon dots with tunable fluorescence for anti-counterfeiting. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 253:126332. [PMID: 37579897 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.126332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2023] [Revised: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/12/2023] [Indexed: 08/16/2023]
Abstract
Based on the status quo of high energy consumption and low utilization of nonfibrous components in traditional pulp and paper industry, a sustainable and facile approach was proceeded to realize the high-value utilization of hemicelluloses from papermaking waste liquor. The hemicellulose waste produced by ethanol precipitation in pre-hydrolysis liquor (PHL), was directly used to fabricate carbon dots (CDs) via a hydrothermal method. The hydrothermal carbonization and heteroatoms doping contributed to the sp2 conjugated domains and surface defect states of CDs, thus creating the bright blue (N-CDs), deep cyan (N/S-CDs), and light cyan (N/P-CDs) fluorescence under UV radiation. The XPS analysis and density functional theory (DFT) calculations demonstrated that the large sp2 conjugated system and the synergistic effect of CO, N-(C)3, CS, and PO groups promoted the narrow of band gap and the red-shift of fluorescence emission. Importantly, the prepared CDs grew in situ on cotton fibers, showed excellent fluorescent performance. The obtained CDs could be also utilized to prepare anti-counterfeiting film and ink due to their excellent optical features, verifying the great potential application as security material. The feasible strategy of the high-value conversion of biomass waste opens a window of opportunity for the practical anti-counterfeiting utilizations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qichao Gao
- School of Light Industry and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, CN 510640, China
| | - Xiaohui Guo
- School of Light Industry and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, CN 510640, China
| | - Ling Meng
- Huangpu Hydrogen Energy Innovation Center, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China
| | - Mengru Liu
- School of Light Industry and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, CN 510640, China
| | - Li Chen
- School of Light Industry and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, CN 510640, China.
| | - Hailong Li
- School of Light Industry and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, CN 510640, China.
| | - Jian Hu
- School of Light Industry and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, CN 510640, China
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11
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Meher MK, Unnikrishnan BS, Tripathi DK, Packirisamy G, Poluri KM. Baicalin functionalized PEI-heparin carbon dots as cancer theranostic agent. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 253:126846. [PMID: 37717866 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.126846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Revised: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023]
Abstract
The worldwide prevalence of cancer and its significantly rising risks with age have garnered the attention of nanotechnology for prompt detection and effective therapy with minimal or no adverse effects. In the current study, heparin (HP) polymer derived heteroatom (N, S-) co-doped CDs were synthesized using hydrothermal synthesis method to efficiently deliver natural anticancer compound baicalin (BA). Heparin carbon dots (HCDs) were passivated with polyethylenimine (PEI) to improve its fluorescence quantum yield. The surface passivation of CDs by polycationic PEI polymer not only facilitated loading of BA, but also played a crucial role in the pH-responsive drug delivery. The sustained release of BA (up to 80 %) in mildly acidic pH (5.5 and 6.5) conditions endorsed its drug delivery potential for cancer-specific microenvironments. BA-loaded PHCDs exhibited enhanced anticancer activity as compared to BA/PHCDs indicating the effectiveness of the nanoformulation, Furthermore, the flow cytometry analysis confirmed that BA-PHCDs treated cells were arrested in the G2/M phase of cell cycle and had a higher potential for apoptosis. Bioimaging study demonstrated the excellent cell penetration efficiency of PHCDs with complete cytoplasmic localization. All this evidence comprehensively demonstrates the potency of BA-loaded PHCDs as a nanotheranostic agent for cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mukesh Kumar Meher
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee 247667, Uttarakhand, India
| | - B S Unnikrishnan
- Centre for Nanotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee 247667, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Deepak Kumar Tripathi
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee 247667, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Gopinath Packirisamy
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee 247667, Uttarakhand, India; Centre for Nanotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee 247667, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Krishna Mohan Poluri
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee 247667, Uttarakhand, India; Centre for Nanotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee 247667, Uttarakhand, India.
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12
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Madonia A, Minervini G, Terracina A, Pramanik A, Martorana V, Sciortino A, Carbonaro CM, Olla C, Sibillano T, Giannini C, Fanizza E, Curri ML, Panniello A, Messina F, Striccoli M. Dye-Derived Red-Emitting Carbon Dots for Lasing and Solid-State Lighting. ACS NANO 2023; 17:21274-21286. [PMID: 37870465 PMCID: PMC10655242 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c05566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Revised: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023]
Abstract
Carbon dots are carbon-based nanoparticles renowned for their intense light-emitting capabilities covering the whole visible light range. Achieving carbon dots emitting in the red region with high efficiency is extremely relevant due to their huge potential in biological applications and in optoelectronics. Currently, photoluminescence in such an energy interval is often associated with polyheterocyclic molecular domains forming during the synthesis that, however, present low emission efficiency and issues in controlling the optical features. Here, we overcome these problems by solvothermally synthesizing carbon dots starting from Neutral Red, a common red-emitting dye, as a molecular precursor. As a result of the synthesis, such molecular fluorophore is incorporated into a carbonaceous core while retaining its original optical properties. The obtained nanoparticles are highly luminescent in the red region, with a quantum yield comparable to that of the starting dye. Most importantly, the nanoparticle carbogenic matrix protects the Neutral Red molecules from photobleaching under ultraviolet excitation while preventing aggregation-induced quenching, thus allowing solid-state emission. These advantages have been exploited to develop a fluorescence-based color conversion layer by fabricating polymer-based highly concentrated solid-state carbon dot nanocomposites. Finally, the dye-based carbon dots demonstrate both stable Fabry-Perot lasing and efficient random lasing emission in the red region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonino Madonia
- CNR-IPCF
Bari Division, Italian National Research
Council, Bari, 70126, Italy
| | - Gianluca Minervini
- CNR-IPCF
Bari Division, Italian National Research
Council, Bari, 70126, Italy
- Department
of Electrical and Information Engineering, Polytechnic of Bari, Bari, 70126, Italy
| | - Angela Terracina
- Dipartimento
di Fisica e Chimica “Emilio Segrè”, Università degli Studi di Palermo, Palermo 90123, Italy
| | - Ashim Pramanik
- Dipartimento
di Fisica e Chimica “Emilio Segrè”, Università degli Studi di Palermo, Palermo 90123, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Martorana
- Institute
of Biophysics Palermo Division, Italian
National Research Council, Palermo 90146, Italy
| | - Alice Sciortino
- Dipartimento
di Fisica e Chimica “Emilio Segrè”, Università degli Studi di Palermo, Palermo 90123, Italy
- ATeN
Center, Università degli Studi di
Palermo, Palermo 90123, Italy
| | | | - Chiara Olla
- Department
of Physics, University of Cagliari, Monserrato 09042, Italy
| | - Teresa Sibillano
- CNR-IC
Institute of Crystallography, Italian National
Research Council, Bari 70122, Italy
| | - Cinzia Giannini
- CNR-IC
Institute of Crystallography, Italian National
Research Council, Bari 70122, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Fanizza
- CNR-IPCF
Bari Division, Italian National Research
Council, Bari, 70126, Italy
- Chemistry
Department, University of Bari “Aldo
Moro”, Bari 70126, Italy
| | - Maria L. Curri
- CNR-IPCF
Bari Division, Italian National Research
Council, Bari, 70126, Italy
- Chemistry
Department, University of Bari “Aldo
Moro”, Bari 70126, Italy
| | - Annamaria Panniello
- CNR-IPCF
Bari Division, Italian National Research
Council, Bari, 70126, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Messina
- Dipartimento
di Fisica e Chimica “Emilio Segrè”, Università degli Studi di Palermo, Palermo 90123, Italy
- ATeN
Center, Università degli Studi di
Palermo, Palermo 90123, Italy
| | - Marinella Striccoli
- CNR-IPCF
Bari Division, Italian National Research
Council, Bari, 70126, Italy
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13
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Liu Y, Liang F, Sun J, Sun R, Liu C, Deng C, Seidi F. Synthesis Strategies, Optical Mechanisms, and Applications of Dual-Emissive Carbon Dots. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:2869. [PMID: 37947715 PMCID: PMC10650469 DOI: 10.3390/nano13212869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Revised: 10/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
Tuning the optical properties of carbon dots (CDs) and figuring out the mechanisms underneath the emissive phenomena have been one of the most cutting-edge topics in the development of carbon-based nanomaterials. Dual-emissive CDs possess the intrinsic dual-emission character upon single-wavelength excitation, which significantly benefits their multi-purpose applications. Explosive exploitations of dual-emissive CDs have been reported during the past five years. Nevertheless, there is a lack of a systematic summary of the rising star nanomaterial. In this review, we summarize the synthesis strategies and optical mechanisms of the dual-emissive CDs. The applications in the areas of biosensing, bioimaging, as well as photoelectronic devices are also outlined. The last section presents the main challenges and perspectives in further promoting the development of dual-emissive CDs. By covering the most vital publications, we anticipate that the review is of referential significance for researchers in the synthesis, characterization, and application of dual-emissive CDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqian Liu
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources and Joint International Research Lab of Lignocellulosic Functional Materials, College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; (F.L.); (J.S.); (R.S.); (C.L.); (C.D.); (F.S.)
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14
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Hoang NM, Ngoc NTB, Huong PTL, Huyen PTT, Duy DQ, Dao VD, Tu LT. Dual Emission Carbon Dots for Simultaneous Detections of Pb 2+ and Fe 3+ Ions in Water Via Distinct Sensing Mechanisms. J Fluoresc 2023; 33:1359-1366. [PMID: 36695956 DOI: 10.1007/s10895-022-03139-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Herein, dual-emission carbon dots (DE-CDs) were synthesized using a one-pot hydrothermal method. DE-CDs exhibited two well-separated peaks at 433 and 513 nm under ultraviolet excitation. The prepared DE-CDs offer selective detection of Fe3+ ions via inner filter effect (IFE) and Pb2+ ions via aggregation-induced enhancement (AIE). The obtained DE-CDs showed a good affinity for both Fe3+ and Pb2+ ions in the presence of various interfering ions. The limits of detection were 0.797 ppm and 4.739 ppm for Pb2+ and Fe3+, respectively. The finding reveals the huge potential of DE-CDs for the selective detection of multiple targets in one solution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nguyen Minh Hoang
- Faculty of Physics, VNU University of Science, 334 Nguyen Trai, 100000, Hanoi, Vietnam
- Department of Physics & Biophysics, Vietnam Military Medical University, 160 Phung Hung, 100000, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Nguyen Thi Bich Ngoc
- Faculty of Physics, VNU University of Science, 334 Nguyen Trai, 100000, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Phan Thi Lan Huong
- Department of Physics & Biophysics, Vietnam Military Medical University, 160 Phung Hung, 100000, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Phan Thi Thanh Huyen
- Faculty of Electronics and Telecommunications, Academy of Cryptography Techniques, 1000, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Dao Quang Duy
- Faculty of Physics, VNU University of Science, 334 Nguyen Trai, 100000, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Van-Duong Dao
- Faculty of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Phenikaa University, 100000, Hanoi, Vietnam.
| | - Le Tuan Tu
- Faculty of Physics, VNU University of Science, 334 Nguyen Trai, 100000, Hanoi, Vietnam.
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15
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Clermont-Paquette A, Mendoza DA, Sadeghi A, Piekny A, Naccache R. Ratiometric Sensing of Glyphosate in Water Using Dual Fluorescent Carbon Dots. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 23:5200. [PMID: 37299928 PMCID: PMC10255972 DOI: 10.3390/s23115200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Revised: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Glyphosate is a broad-spectrum pesticide used in crops and is found in many products used by industry and consumers. Unfortunately, glyphosate has been shown to have some toxicity toward many organisms found in our ecosystems and has been reported to have carcinogenic effects on humans. Hence, there is a need to develop novel nanosensors that are more sensitive and facile and permit rapid detection. Current optical-based assays are limited as they rely on changes in signal intensity, which can be affected by multiple factors in the sample. Herein, we report the development of a dual emissive carbon dot (CD) system that can be used to optically detect glyphosate pesticides in water at different pH levels. The fluorescent CDs emit blue and red fluorescence, which we exploit as a ratiometric self-referencing assay. We observe red fluorescence quenching with increasing concentrations of glyphosate in the solution, ascribed to the interaction of the glyphosate pesticide with the CD surface. The blue fluorescence remains unaffected and serves as a reference in this ratiometric approach. Using fluorescence quenching assays, a ratiometric response is observed in the ppm range with detection limits as low as 0.03 ppm. Our CDs can be used to detect other pesticides and contaminants in water, as cost-effective and simple environmental nanosensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adryanne Clermont-Paquette
- Center for NanoScience Research, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Concordia University, Montreal, QC H4B 1R6, Canada
- Quebec Centre for Advanced Materials, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Concordia University, Montreal, QC H4B 1R6, Canada
- Centre for Microscopy and Cellular Imaging, Department of Biology, Concordia University, Montreal, QC H4B 1R6, Canada
| | - Diego-Andrés Mendoza
- Center for NanoScience Research, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Concordia University, Montreal, QC H4B 1R6, Canada
- Quebec Centre for Advanced Materials, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Concordia University, Montreal, QC H4B 1R6, Canada
| | - Amir Sadeghi
- Center for NanoScience Research, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Concordia University, Montreal, QC H4B 1R6, Canada
- Quebec Centre for Advanced Materials, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Concordia University, Montreal, QC H4B 1R6, Canada
| | - Alisa Piekny
- Centre for Microscopy and Cellular Imaging, Department of Biology, Concordia University, Montreal, QC H4B 1R6, Canada
| | - Rafik Naccache
- Center for NanoScience Research, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Concordia University, Montreal, QC H4B 1R6, Canada
- Quebec Centre for Advanced Materials, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Concordia University, Montreal, QC H4B 1R6, Canada
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16
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Selva Sharma A, Suresh Nair S, Varghese AW, Usha A, Varghese RE, Joseph R, Thekkuveettil A. Dual-Emissive Carbon Dots: Exploring Their Fluorescence Properties for Sensitive Turn-Off-On Recognition of Ferric and Pyrophosphate Ions and Its Application in Fluorometric Detection of the Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification Reaction. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2023; 39:5779-5792. [PMID: 37042262 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.3c00041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
In this study, dual-emissive carbon dots (CDs) were prepared using p-phenylenediamine (pPDA) and phytic acid (PA) precursors via a one-pot-hydrothermal method. The photophysical, morphological, and structural characterization of CDs was carried out using absorption, fluorescence, Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM) analysis. The as-prepared CDs displayed dual-fluorescence peaks at 525 and 620 nm upon excitation at 450 nm. The CDs showed good photostability and exhibited solvent-dependent fluorescence properties. The solvatochromic behavior of CDs was utilized to detect water content in organic solvents. Furthermore, the dual-emissive property of CDs was utilized for the sequential detection of ferric (Fe3+) and pyrophosphate ions (PPi) by a fluorescence turn-off-on mechanism. The proposed assay showed appreciable fluorescence response toward Fe3+ and PPi with high selectivity and good tolerance for common interfering ions. The potential practical application of the CD probe was ascertained by carrying out the fluorometric detection of PPi to affirm the loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) reaction specific for Mycobacterium tuberculosis (negative and positive clinical samples).
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Affiliation(s)
- Arumugam Selva Sharma
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Biomedical Technology Wing, Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology, Thiruvananthapuram 695012, India
| | - Swathy Suresh Nair
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Biomedical Technology Wing, Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology, Thiruvananthapuram 695012, India
| | - Amal Wilson Varghese
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Biomedical Technology Wing, Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology, Thiruvananthapuram 695012, India
| | - Anjana Usha
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Biomedical Technology Wing, Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology, Thiruvananthapuram 695012, India
| | - Ria Elza Varghese
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Biomedical Technology Wing, Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology, Thiruvananthapuram 695012, India
| | - Roy Joseph
- Division of Polymeric Medical Devices, Biomedical Technology Wing, Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology, Thiruvananthapuram 695012, India
| | - Anoopkumar Thekkuveettil
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Biomedical Technology Wing, Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology, Thiruvananthapuram 695012, India
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17
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de Medeiros TV, Macina A, Bicalho HA, Naccache R. Engineering the Surface Chemistry and Morphology of Polymeric Carbon Nitrides Towards Greener Heterogeneous Catalysts for Biodiesel Synthesis. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023:e2300541. [PMID: 37058095 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202300541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Revised: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Biodiesel remains one of the most promising alternatives to replace fossil fuel-derived petrodiesel. Nonetheless, conventional biodiesel synthesis relies on homogeneous alkali-based catalysts that involve long and tedious purification steps , increasing biodiesel production costs. Heterogeneous catalysts have emerged as promising alternatives to circumvent these drawbacks, as they can easily be recovered and reused. Herein, polymeric carbon nitride dots and nanosheets are synthesized through a solid-phase reaction between urea and sodium citrate. Their morphology and surface chemistry are tuned by varying the precursor's ratio, and the materials are investigated as catalysts in the transesterification reaction of canola oil to biodiesel. A conversion of > 98% is achieved using a 5 wt% catalyst loading, oil to methanol ratio of 1:36 at 90 °C for 4 h, with the performance maintained over at least five reuse cycles. In addition, the effect of the transesterification reaction parameters on the reaction kinetics is evaluated, which follows a pseudo-first-order (PFO) regime. Combined with a deep understanding of the catalyst's surface, these results have allowed us to propose a reaction mechanism similar to the one observed for homogenous alkali catalysts. These carbon nitride-based nanoparticles offer a metal-free and cost-effective alternative to conventional homogeneous and metal-based heterogeneous catalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tayline V de Medeiros
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and the Centre for NanoScience Research, Concordia University, Montreal, QC, H4B 1R6, Canada
- Quebec Centre for Advanced Materials, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Concordia University, Montreal, QC, H4B 1R6, Canada
| | - Alexia Macina
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and the Centre for NanoScience Research, Concordia University, Montreal, QC, H4B 1R6, Canada
- Quebec Centre for Advanced Materials, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Concordia University, Montreal, QC, H4B 1R6, Canada
| | - Hudson A Bicalho
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and the Centre for NanoScience Research, Concordia University, Montreal, QC, H4B 1R6, Canada
- Quebec Centre for Advanced Materials, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Concordia University, Montreal, QC, H4B 1R6, Canada
| | - Rafik Naccache
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and the Centre for NanoScience Research, Concordia University, Montreal, QC, H4B 1R6, Canada
- Quebec Centre for Advanced Materials, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Concordia University, Montreal, QC, H4B 1R6, Canada
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18
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Olla C, Ricci PC, Chiriu D, Fantauzzi M, Casula MF, Mocci F, Cappai A, Porcu S, Stagi L, Carbonaro CM. Selecting molecular or surface centers in carbon dots-silica hybrids to tune the optical emission: A photo-physics study down to the atomistic level. J Colloid Interface Sci 2023; 634:402-417. [PMID: 36542970 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2022.12.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Revised: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
In this work, we unveil the fluorescence features of citric acid and urea-based Carbon Dots (CDs) through a photo-physical characterization of nanoparticles synthesized, under solvent-free and open-air conditions, within silica-ordered mesoporous silica, as a potential host for solid-state emitting hybrids. Compared to CDs synthesized without silica matrices and dispersed in water, silica-CD hybrids display a broader emission in the green range whose contribution can be increased by UV and blue laser irradiation. The analysis of hybrids synthesized within different silica (MCM-48 and SBA-15) calls for an active role of the matrix in directing the synthesis toward the formation of CDs with a larger content of graphitic N and imidic groups at the expense of N-pyridinic molecules. As a result, CDs tuned in size and with a larger green emission are obtained in the hybrids and are retained once extracted from the silica matrix and dispersed in water. The kinetics of the photo-physics under UV and blue irradiation of hybrid samples show a photo-assisted formation process leading to a further increase of the relative contribution of the green emission, not observed in the water-dispersed reference samples, suggesting that the porous matrix is involved also in the photo-activated process. Finally, we carried out DFT and TD-DFT calculations on the interaction of silica with selected models of CD emitting centers, like surface functional groups (OH and COOH), dopants (graphitic N), and citric acid-based molecules. The combined experimental and theoretical results clearly indicate the presence of molecular species and surface centers both emitting in the blue and green spectral range, whose relative contribution is tuned by the interaction with the surrounding media.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Olla
- Department of Physics, University of Cagliari, I-09042 Monserrato, Italy.
| | - Pier Carlo Ricci
- Department of Physics, University of Cagliari, I-09042 Monserrato, Italy
| | - Daniele Chiriu
- Department of Physics, University of Cagliari, I-09042 Monserrato, Italy
| | - Marzia Fantauzzi
- Department of Chemical and Geological Sciences, University of Cagliari, I-09042 Monserrato, Italy
| | - Maria Francesca Casula
- Department of Mechanical, Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Cagliari, Via Marengo 2, I-09123 Cagliari, Italy
| | - Francesca Mocci
- Department of Chemical and Geological Sciences, University of Cagliari, I-09042 Monserrato, Italy
| | - Antonio Cappai
- Department of Physics, University of Cagliari, I-09042 Monserrato, Italy
| | - Stefania Porcu
- Department of Physics, University of Cagliari, I-09042 Monserrato, Italy
| | - Luigi Stagi
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Laboratory of Materials Science and Nanotechnology, University of Sassari, Via Vienna 2, I-07100 Sassari, Italy
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19
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Wu Y, Chen X, Wu W. Multiple Stimuli-Response Polychromatic Carbon Dots for Advanced Information Encryption and Safety. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023; 19:e2206709. [PMID: 36642825 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202206709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Revised: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Optical information encryption and safety have aroused great attention since they are closely correlated to data protection and information safety. The development of multiple stimuli-response optical materials for constructing large-capacity information encryption and safety is very important for practical applications. Carbon dots (CDs) have many gratifying merits, such as polychromatic emission, diverse luminous categories, and stable physicochemical properties, and are considered as one of the most ideal candidates for information protection. Herein, carbon core, functional groups, solvents, and other crucial factors are reviewed for outputting polychromatic emission of multiple luminous categories. In particular, substrate engineering strategies have been emphasized for their critical role in yielding excellent optical features of multiple luminous categories. High-capacity information encryption and safety strategies are reviewed by relying on the rich optical properties of CDs, such as polychromatic emission, multiple luminous categories of fluorescence, afterglow, and upconversion, as well as external-stimuli-assisted optical changes. Some perspectives for preparing excellent CDs and further developing information security strategies are proposed. This review provides a good reference for the manipulation of polychromatic CDs and the development of next-generation information encryption and safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youfusheng Wu
- Laboratory of Printable Functional Materials and Printed Electronics, Research Center for Graphic Communication, Printing and Packaging, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, P. R. China
| | - Xiao Chen
- Laboratory of Printable Functional Materials and Printed Electronics, Research Center for Graphic Communication, Printing and Packaging, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, P. R. China
| | - Wei Wu
- Laboratory of Printable Functional Materials and Printed Electronics, Research Center for Graphic Communication, Printing and Packaging, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, P. R. China
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20
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Zhang W, Jiang X, Wu Y, Jiang J, Liu X, Liu Y, Wang W, Lai J, Wang X. Emission enhancement of fluorescent glutathione-capped gold nanoclusters by cerium (III) ion-induced aggregation for sensitive detecting α-glucosidase in human serum using ratiometric fluorometry. Microchem J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2022.108049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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21
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Preparation of novel fluorescent probe based on carbon dots for sensing and imaging Fe(III) and pyrophosphate in cells and zebrafish. Anal Bioanal Chem 2022; 414:7609-7622. [PMID: 36008688 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-022-04290-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Revised: 08/06/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
Ferric ions (Fe3+) and pyrophosphate anions (PPi) are involved in many physiological processes and play important roles in biological systems. The abnormal level of Fe3+ and PPi will cause serious damage to the environment and life. At present, the application of such probes in life, especially in vivo, is still very scarce. So, the development of a fluorescent probe to simultaneously detect Fe3+ and PPi has great significance to the health of the environment and organisms. Herein, nitrogen-doped carbon quantum dots (N-CDs) were synthesized via solvothermal treatment, using biuret and citric acid as precursors. The synthesized N-CDs showed highly selective and sensitive detection of Fe3+ through a photoluminescence quenching effect. The fluorescence of N-CDs quenched by Fe3+ could be restored with PPi, rendering the N-CDs/Fe3+ sensor promising for PPi detection ('OFF-ON'). The linear ranges of detection for Fe3+ and PPi were 3-30 and 2-12 μM, and the limits of detection were 2.71 and 1.12 μM, respectively. The practical applications of N-CDs were tested using tap water samples. Furthermore, N-CDs can be used for the detection and imaging of Fe3+ and PPi in HeLa cells and zebrafish owing to their excellent optical properties.
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22
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Ranjbar S, Sarlak N, Rashidi A. Fluorescent-tagged water with carbon dots derived from phenylenediamine as an equipment-free nanotracer for enhanced oil recovery. J Colloid Interface Sci 2022; 628:43-53. [PMID: 35908430 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2022.07.109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Revised: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Chemical enhanced oil recovery (EOR) through waterflooding is the most commonly used method to improve crude oil displacement and extraction however; the impact of environmental side effects may remain ambiguous. Regarding, flooding tagged water with tracers provides a better understanding of the fate of injected water and the reservoir conditions more than oil recovery. This study's main focus is the proposed carbon dots (CDs) to develop fluorescent-tagged with dual functions as a sensing and an enhancing agent for EOR operations. Different physicochemical and optical properties were obtained for CDs by tuning the surface chemistry of phenylenediamine (PD) isomers and tartaric acid (TA) via the solvothermal method which leads to green, and yellow fluorescent emissions. Size distribution and colloidal and thermal stability of the prepared nanofluids carrying CDs were controlled by atomic force microscope (AFM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), dynamic light scattering (DLS), zeta potential, and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). Long-time emission stability in high temperature and salinity such as conditions found in the oil reservoirs was precisely detected by fluorescence spectroscopy and a portable UV cabinet as the on-site detection method to confirm the sensing ability of CDs. While, rheological parameters of nanofluids such as viscosity, wettability alteration, and fluid/crude oil interfacial tension were evaluated to support the potential of CDs as an enhancing agent to sweep crude oil on the carbonate rock reservoirs. The oil displacement mechanism was monitored on the micromodel pattern by recording 27.8 % and 20.5 % displacement factors for the prepared nanofluids carrying 200 ppm CDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saba Ranjbar
- Nanotechnology Research Center, Research Institute of Petroleum Industry (RIPI), Tehran 14857-33111, Iran
| | - Nahid Sarlak
- Nanotechnology Research Center, Research Institute of Petroleum Industry (RIPI), Tehran 14857-33111, Iran; Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Lorestan University, Khorramabad, Iran.
| | - Alimorad Rashidi
- Nanotechnology Research Center, Research Institute of Petroleum Industry (RIPI), Tehran 14857-33111, Iran
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Zhao Y, Zhu X, Liu L, Duan Z, Liu Y, Zhang W, Cui J, Rong Y, Dong C. One-Step Synthesis of Nitrogen/Fluorine Co-Doped Carbon Dots for Use in Ferric Ions and Ascorbic Acid Detection. NANOMATERIALS 2022; 12:nano12142377. [PMID: 35889602 PMCID: PMC9323265 DOI: 10.3390/nano12142377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Revised: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Carbon dots (CDs) have caught enormous attention owing to their distinctive properties, such as their high water solubility, tunable optical properties, and easy surface modification, which can be generally used for the detection of heavy metals and organic pollutants. Herein, nitrogen and fluorine co-doped carbon dots (NFCDs) were designed via a rapid, low-cost, and one-step microwave-assisted technique using DL-malic acid and levofloxacin. The NFCDs emitted intense green fluorescence under UV lighting, and the optical emission peak at 490 nm was observed upon a 280 nm excitation, with a high quantum yield of 21.03%. Interestingly, the spectral measurements illustrated excitation-independent and concentration-independent single-color fluorescence owing to the presence of nitrogen and fluorine elements in the surface functional groups. Additionally, the NFCDs were applied for the selective detection of Fe3+ and ascorbic acid based on the “turn-off” mode. The detection limits were determined as 1.03 and 4.22 µM, respectively. The quenching mechanisms were explored using the static quenching mechanism and the inner filter effect. Therefore, a NFCDs fluorescent probe with single color emission was successfully developed for the convenient and rapid detection of Fe3+ and ascorbic acid in environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhao
- School of Chemical Engineering, Hebei Normal University of Science and Technology, Qinhuangdao 066004, China; (X.Z.); (L.L.); (Z.D.); (Y.L.); (W.Z.); (J.C.)
- Correspondence: (Y.Z.); (C.D.)
| | - Xiaoxuan Zhu
- School of Chemical Engineering, Hebei Normal University of Science and Technology, Qinhuangdao 066004, China; (X.Z.); (L.L.); (Z.D.); (Y.L.); (W.Z.); (J.C.)
| | - Lu Liu
- School of Chemical Engineering, Hebei Normal University of Science and Technology, Qinhuangdao 066004, China; (X.Z.); (L.L.); (Z.D.); (Y.L.); (W.Z.); (J.C.)
| | - Zhiqing Duan
- School of Chemical Engineering, Hebei Normal University of Science and Technology, Qinhuangdao 066004, China; (X.Z.); (L.L.); (Z.D.); (Y.L.); (W.Z.); (J.C.)
| | - Yanping Liu
- School of Chemical Engineering, Hebei Normal University of Science and Technology, Qinhuangdao 066004, China; (X.Z.); (L.L.); (Z.D.); (Y.L.); (W.Z.); (J.C.)
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Active Components and Functions in Natural Product, Qinhuangdao 066004, China
| | - Weiyuan Zhang
- School of Chemical Engineering, Hebei Normal University of Science and Technology, Qinhuangdao 066004, China; (X.Z.); (L.L.); (Z.D.); (Y.L.); (W.Z.); (J.C.)
| | - Jingjing Cui
- School of Chemical Engineering, Hebei Normal University of Science and Technology, Qinhuangdao 066004, China; (X.Z.); (L.L.); (Z.D.); (Y.L.); (W.Z.); (J.C.)
| | - Yafang Rong
- Shandong Zhengyuan Geophysical Information Technology Co., Ltd., Jinan 250000, China;
| | - Chen Dong
- Cixi Institute of Biomedical Engineering, International Cooperation Base of Biomedical Materials Technology and Application, CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Zhejiang Engineering Research Center for Biomedical Materials, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
- Correspondence: (Y.Z.); (C.D.)
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Facile Synthesis of Multi-Emission Nitrogen/Boron Co-Doped Carbon Dots from Lignin for Anti-Counterfeiting Printing. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14142779. [PMID: 35890555 PMCID: PMC9316793 DOI: 10.3390/polym14142779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2022] [Revised: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The transformation of lignin with natural aromatic structure into value-added carbon dots (CDs) achieves a win-win situation for low-cost production of novel nanomaterials and reasonable disposal of biomass waste. However, it remains challenging to produce multi-emission CDs from biomass for advanced applications. Herein, a green and facile approach to preparing multi-emission CDs from alkali lignin via N and B co-doping is developed. The obtained N and B co-doped CDs (NB-CDs) show multi-emission fluorescence centers at 346, 428 and 514 nm under different excitations. As the doping amount of N and B increases, the fluorescence emission band gradually shifts to 428 and 514 nm, while that at 346 nm decreases. The fluorescence mechanism is explored through the research of the structure, composition and optical performance of NB-CDs in combination with density functional theory (DFT) calculations. It demonstrates that the effect of doping with B-containing functional groups on the fluorescence emission behavior is multivariate, which may be the crucial contribution to the unique multi-emission fluorescence of CDs. The multi-emission NB-CDs with prominent stability are applied for multilevel anti-counterfeiting printing. It provides a promising direction for the sustainable and advanced application of biomass-derived CDs, and the theoretical results highlight a new insight into the deep understanding of the multi-emission fluorescence mechanism.
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Saboorizadeh B, Zare-Dorabei R. Intrinsic Dual-Emitting Carbon Quantum-Dot-Based Selective Ratiometric Fluorescent Mercaptopurine Detection. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2022; 8:3589-3595. [PMID: 35786836 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.2c00423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Mercaptopurine (6-MP), an immunosuppressive drug, has been widely prescribed for treating leukemia and autoimmune diseases. The level of the 6-MP drug in body fluids is of great interest due to the severe health problems related to its overdose. This study used a facile microwave preparation route to synthesize carbon quantum dots (CQDs) using glutathione and formamide as carbon sources. The obtained monodispersed quantum dots showed dual fluorescence emission with a sensitive affinity toward the 6-MP drug. The sensor's response was optimized by tuning the temperature, pH, and volume ratio of the probe. The prepared ratiometric fluorescence method showed accurate measurements for determining mercaptopurine in aqueous solutions in the concentration range of 1.4-7.6 mg L-1 with the limit of detection of 1.3 mg L-1. The sensor's performance was assessed in complex solutions, human urine, and human plasma sample and recovery values in the range of 88-127% were obtained. The reliable dual fluorometric sensor showed promising results for 6-MP determination and potential application for the determination of other chemical and biochemical species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bahar Saboorizadeh
- Research Laboratory of Spectrometry & Micro and Nano Extraction, Department of Chemistry, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran 1684613114, Iran
| | - Rouholah Zare-Dorabei
- Research Laboratory of Spectrometry & Micro and Nano Extraction, Department of Chemistry, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran 1684613114, Iran
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26
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Rainu S, Parameswaran S, Krishnakumar S, Singh N. Dual-sensitive fluorescent nanoprobes for detection of matrix metalloproteinases and low pH in a 3D tumor microenvironment. J Mater Chem B 2022; 10:5388-5401. [PMID: 35770560 DOI: 10.1039/d2tb00519k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The overexpression of matrix metalloproteinases and low extracellular pH are two key physiological parameters involved in cancer initiation, progression, and metastasis. These have been the targets for several cancer detection and imaging modalities. Here, dual-sensitive nanoprobes have been fabricated from carbon nanoparticles decorated with a MMP-9 sensitive peptide sequence. Carbon nanoparticles are known for their intrinsic fluorescence properties and hence used as a pH-sensing moiety in the nanoprobes. In addition to this, selective-cleavage of the peptide sequence by MMP-9 results in the generation of a fluorescence signal due to separation of the quencher molecule from the fluorophore attached onto the MMP-9 sensitive peptide sequence, resulting in its detection. This protease-specific activation of the nanoprobes helps in precise tumor environment detection and imaging. The nanoprobes were thoroughly characterized for their chemical, physical and biological activities. The potential of these dual-sensitive nanoprobes to distinguish tumor-like microenvironments (low pH and elevated MMP-9 levels) from non-cancerous ones was evaluated in vitro in 2D cell culture as well as in 3D microscaffolds. The fluorescence microscopy images obtained in both in vitro systems revealed that low pH and high MMP-9 levels could be successfully visualised using these dual-sensitive nanoprobes. Therefore, these nanoprobes would find potential applications as a non-invasive imaging tool for visualising tumor margins in real-time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simran Rainu
- Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi 110016, India.
| | - Sowmya Parameswaran
- Vision Research Foundation, Kamalnayan Bajaj Institute for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology, Chennai 600006, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Subramanian Krishnakumar
- Vision Research Foundation, Kamalnayan Bajaj Institute for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology, Chennai 600006, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Neetu Singh
- Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi 110016, India. .,Biomedical Engineering Unit, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi 110029, India
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Physicochemical Characterization and Antibacterial Properties of Carbon Dots from Two Mediterranean Olive Solid Waste Cultivars. NANOMATERIALS 2022; 12:nano12050885. [PMID: 35269375 PMCID: PMC8912711 DOI: 10.3390/nano12050885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2022] [Revised: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Carbon nanomaterials have shown great potential in several fields, including biosensing, bioimaging, drug delivery, energy, catalysis, diagnostics, and nanomedicine. Recently, a new class of carbon nanomaterials, carbon dots (CDs), have attracted much attention due to their easy and inexpensive synthesis from a wide range of precursors and fascinating physical, chemical, and biological properties. In this work we have developed CDs derived from olive solid wastes of two Mediterranean regions, Puglia (CDs_P) and Calabria (CDs_C) and evaluated them in terms of their physicochemical properties and antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa). Results show the nanosystems have a quasi-spherical shape of 12–18 nm in size for CDs_P and 15–20 nm in size for CDs_C. UV–Vis characterization indicates a broad absorption band with two main peaks at about 270 nm and 300 nm, respectively, attributed to the π-π* and n-π* transitions of the CDs, respectively. Both samples show photoluminescence (PL) spectra excitation-dependent with a maximum at λem = 420 nm (λexc = 300 nm) for CDs_P and a red-shifted at λem = 445 nm (λexc = 300 nm) for CDs_C. Band gaps values of ≈ 1.48 eV for CDs_P and ≈ 1.53 eV for CDs_C are in agreement with semiconductor behaviour. ζ potential measures show very negative values for CDs_C compared to CDs_P (three times higher, −38 mV vs. −18 mV at pH = 7). The evaluation of the antibacterial properties highlights that both CDs have higher antibacterial activity towards Gram-positive than to Gram-negative bacteria. In addition, CDs_C exhibit bactericidal behaviour at concentrations of 360, 240, and 120 µg/mL, while lesser activity was found for CDs_P (bacterial cell reduction of only 30% at the highest concentration of 360 µg/mL). This finding was correlated to the higher surface charge of CDs_C compared to CDs_P. Further investigations are in progress to confirm this hypothesis and to gain insight on the antibacterial mechanism of both cultivars.
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Ganjkhanlou Y, Maris JE, Koek J, Riemersma R, Weckhuysen BM, Meirer F. Dual Fluorescence in Glutathione-Derived Carbon Dots Revisited. THE JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY. C, NANOMATERIALS AND INTERFACES 2022; 126:2720-2727. [PMID: 35178139 PMCID: PMC8842246 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcc.1c10478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2021] [Revised: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Dual-fluorescence carbon dots have great potential as nanosensors in life and materials sciences. Such carbon dots can be obtained via a solvothermal synthesis route with glutathione and formamide. In this work, we show that the dual-fluorescence emission of the synthesis products does not originate from a single carbon dot emitter, but rather from a mixture of physically separate compounds. We characterized the synthesis products with UV-vis, Raman, infrared, and fluorescence spectroscopy, and identified blue-emissive carbon dots and red-emissive porphyrin. We demonstrate an easy way to separate the two compounds without the need for time-consuming dialysis. Understanding the nature of the system, we can now steer the synthesis toward the desired product, which paves the way for a cheap and environmentally friendly synthesis route toward carbon dots, water-soluble porphyrin, and mixed systems.
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Bai J, Yuan G, Chen X, Zhang L, Zhu Y, Wang X, Ren L. Simple Strategy for Scalable Preparation Carbon Dots: RTP, Time-Dependent Fluorescence, and NIR Behaviors. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2022; 9:e2104278. [PMID: 34962091 PMCID: PMC8844479 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202104278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2021] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Transforming carbon dots (CDs) fluorescent materials into smart materials with complex functions is a topic of great interest to nanoscience. However, designing CDs with regulating fluorescence/phosphorescence that can be visually monitored with the environment changes in real-time remains a challenge. Here, a very simple strategy, one-step solvent-free catalytic assistant strategy, which is low cost, facile, environment-friendly, and high throughput, is put forward. Hydrogen bond is used to manipulate nanostructure of CDs, and the obtained carbon dots (M-CDs) show a series of attractive properties including matrix-free room-temperature phosphorescence, time-dependent fluorescence, and near-infrared emissive characteristics. Different from the traditional aggregation caused quenching or aggregation-induced emission fluorescent materials, M-CDs exhibit unprecedented and unique dispersion induced redshift fluorescence phenomenon, promoting the studies of fluorescence from static to dynamic. The causes of this phenomenon are further analyzed in detail. As a kind of intelligent fluorescent materials, this new designed CDs greatly enrich the basic recognition of CDs by illustrating the relationship between redshift fluorescence behaviors and the dispersion states, and may provide with an opportunity for solid-state fluorescent materials, anti-counterfeiting, cellular imaging, and hopefully many others.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianliang Bai
- School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringSoutheast UniversityNanjing211189China
| | - Guojun Yuan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringSoutheast UniversityNanjing211189China
| | - Xu Chen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringSoutheast UniversityNanjing211189China
| | - Lu Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringSoutheast UniversityNanjing211189China
| | - Yaqing Zhu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringSoutheast UniversityNanjing211189China
| | - Xinyu Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringSoutheast UniversityNanjing211189China
| | - Lili Ren
- School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringSoutheast UniversityNanjing211189China
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30
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Liu Z, Wang L, Wang B, Chen Y, Tian F, Xue Y, Li Y, Zhu W, Yang W. Preparation, characterization and cell labelling of strong pH-controlled bicolor fluorescence carbonized polymer dots. RSC Adv 2022; 12:1258-1264. [PMID: 35425208 PMCID: PMC8978924 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra08092j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Accepted: 12/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
As a class of important carbon nanomaterial, carbonized polymer dots (CPDs), also called carbon dots (CDs), have aroused wide interest owing to their unique water solubility, fluorescence properties, and rich surface functional groups. However, the directional tuning of the fluorescence properties of CPDs remains incomplete because of the influence of many factors like diameter, solvent and surface groups. Particularly, most carbonized polymer dots are synthesized in a neutral pH environment. Herein, by modulating the pH (strongly acidic or alkaline) of dextrin water solution, bicolor fluorescence emission (blue and yellow) CPDs were prepared by a hydrothermal reaction. Through systematic characterization, it was found that the different fluorescence properties are regulated by the diameters and surface groups of the carbon cores. Simultaneously, the pH value affected the nucleation process. Based on the excellent fluorescence properties, cell fluorescence imaging and cytotoxicity were tested. The bicolor fluorescence CPDs obtained by tuning the pH provide an important theoretical basis for the design of broadband CPDs. Multicolor fluorescence N-doped CPDs from dextrin water solution in strong acidic and alkaline environments were synthesized and characterized, which revealed that pH value plays a vital role in the process of CPD growth.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Zengchen Liu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Eningeering, Henan Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Functional Materials, International Joint Research Laboratory for Biomedical Nanomaterials of Henan, Zhoukou Normal University Zhoukou 466001 P. R. China
| | - Like Wang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Eningeering, Henan Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Functional Materials, International Joint Research Laboratory for Biomedical Nanomaterials of Henan, Zhoukou Normal University Zhoukou 466001 P. R. China
| | - Baodui Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province, Lanzhou University Lanzhou 730000 Gansu P. R. China
| | - Yahong Chen
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Eningeering, Henan Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Functional Materials, International Joint Research Laboratory for Biomedical Nanomaterials of Henan, Zhoukou Normal University Zhoukou 466001 P. R. China
| | - Fengshou Tian
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Eningeering, Henan Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Functional Materials, International Joint Research Laboratory for Biomedical Nanomaterials of Henan, Zhoukou Normal University Zhoukou 466001 P. R. China
| | - Yingying Xue
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Eningeering, Henan Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Functional Materials, International Joint Research Laboratory for Biomedical Nanomaterials of Henan, Zhoukou Normal University Zhoukou 466001 P. R. China
| | - Yanxia Li
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Eningeering, Henan Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Functional Materials, International Joint Research Laboratory for Biomedical Nanomaterials of Henan, Zhoukou Normal University Zhoukou 466001 P. R. China
| | - Wenping Zhu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Eningeering, Henan Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Functional Materials, International Joint Research Laboratory for Biomedical Nanomaterials of Henan, Zhoukou Normal University Zhoukou 466001 P. R. China
| | - Weijie Yang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Eningeering, Henan Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Functional Materials, International Joint Research Laboratory for Biomedical Nanomaterials of Henan, Zhoukou Normal University Zhoukou 466001 P. R. China
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