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Chen L, Zheng H, Li A, Qiu X, Wang L. Lewis acid-rich SrFe xTi 1-xO 3/TiO 2 to enhance the photocatalytic reduction of nitrate to N 2. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 473:134634. [PMID: 38795481 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.134634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Revised: 04/28/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/28/2024]
Abstract
The photocatalytic reduction of nitrate has received considerable attention due to its high efficiency and environmentally friendly nature. The excessive addition of hole scavengers is the most commonly used method to increase the nitrate reduction efficiency. However, achieving high selectivity in the photocatalytic reduction of nitrate to N2 with low concentration of hole scavengers remains challenging. In this study, the SrFexTi1-xO3/TiO2 S-scheme heterojunction photocatalysts with many Lewis acidic adsorption sites have been developed. The experimental results demonstrated that the incorporation of 6% Fe into SrFe0.06Ti0.94O3/TiO2 (SFTO6) resulted in the nitrate conversion rate of 97.68% and the N2 selectivity reached 96.35% with 25 mmol/L formic acid. Moreover, it also exhibited excellent stability and recycle ability. After 5 cycles, SFTO6 still exhibited a stable photocatalytic denitration efficiency of 92.94%, highlighting its potential for practical application. Through comprehensive mechanistic investigations, enhancing direct reduction process is considered the key to its high reduction efficiency with low formic acid. And the Lewis acidic adsorption sites enhance N2 selectivity by enriching NOx- on the surface of the material. Overall, this study provides a novel approach for achieving efficient photocatalytic reduction of nitrate to N2 under conditions with low concentration of hole scavengers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lifang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China; Nanjing University & Yancheng Academy of Environmental Protection Technology and Engineering, Yancheng 224000, China
| | - Haiyang Zheng
- Nanjing University & Yancheng Academy of Environmental Protection Technology and Engineering, Yancheng 224000, China
| | - Aimin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China; Nanjing University & Yancheng Academy of Environmental Protection Technology and Engineering, Yancheng 224000, China.
| | - Xin Qiu
- Nanjing University & Yancheng Academy of Environmental Protection Technology and Engineering, Yancheng 224000, China
| | - Lian Wang
- Nanjing University & Yancheng Academy of Environmental Protection Technology and Engineering, Yancheng 224000, China
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Su X, Zhang X, Gao M, Li X, Chang J, Hu L, Geng D, Ren Y, Wei T, Feng J. Electron deficient Bi 3+δ serves as N 2 absorption sites and inhibits carriers recombination to enhance N 2 photo-fixation in BiOBr/TiO 2 S-scheme heterojunction. J Colloid Interface Sci 2024; 663:61-72. [PMID: 38387187 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2024.02.130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Revised: 02/14/2024] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
Efficient carriers separation and multiple nitrogen (N2) activation sites are essential for N2 photo-fixation. Here, we found that the BiOBr/TiO2 (BBTO) displayed an attractive reversible photochromism (white → grey) due to the generation of electron deficient Bi3+δ, which was produced by the hole trapping of Bi3+ under light irradiation. Interestingly, more Bi3+δ were detected in the BBTO heterojunction than in pure BiOBr, attributing that the hole trapping was promoted by the built-in electric field in the Step scheme (S-scheme) heterojunction. In the BBTO, the electron deficient Bi3+δ enhanced carriers separation and served as the reactive active site to adsorb more N2. Consequently, the BBTO possessed an excellent N2 photo-fixation activity (191 μmol gcat-1 h-1), which was 7.7 and 18 times higher than that of pure BiOBr (24.8 μmol gcat-1 h-1) and TiO2 (10.6 μmol gcat-1 h-1), respectively. Therefore, this work provides a new perspective for enhancing N2 photo-fixation by the electron deficient photocatalysts with S-scheme heterojunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojiang Su
- Key Laboratory of Superlight Materials & Surface Technology of Ministry of Education, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Xinyi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Superlight Materials & Surface Technology of Ministry of Education, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Mingming Gao
- College of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Qilu Institute of Technology, Jinan 250200, China.
| | - Xiao Li
- Key Laboratory of Superlight Materials & Surface Technology of Ministry of Education, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Jin Chang
- Key Laboratory of Superlight Materials & Surface Technology of Ministry of Education, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Liangqing Hu
- Key Laboratory of Superlight Materials & Surface Technology of Ministry of Education, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Di Geng
- Key Laboratory of Superlight Materials & Surface Technology of Ministry of Education, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Yueming Ren
- Key Laboratory of Superlight Materials & Surface Technology of Ministry of Education, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Tong Wei
- Key Laboratory of Superlight Materials & Surface Technology of Ministry of Education, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Jing Feng
- Key Laboratory of Superlight Materials & Surface Technology of Ministry of Education, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, China.
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Mechanism and degradation pathways insight of photocatalytic oxidation antibiotics by geometrical Ag/AgNbO3/BiVO4 plasmon Z-type heterojunction. Sep Purif Technol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2023.123287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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Yu M, Chen Y, Gao M, Huang G, Chen Q, Bi J. Interspersed Bi Promoting Hot Electron Transfer of Covalent Organic Frameworks Boosts Nitrogen Reduction to ammonia. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023; 19:e2206407. [PMID: 36464629 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202206407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Revised: 11/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Seeking highly-efficient, non-pollutant, and chemically robust photocatalysts for visible-light-driven ammonia production still remained challenging, especially in pure water. The key bottle-necks closely correlate to the nitrogen activation, water oxidization, and hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) processes. In this study, a novel Bi decorated imine-linked COF-TaTp (Bi/COF-TaTp) through N-Bi-O coordination is reasonably designed to achieve a boosting solar-to-ammonia conversion of 61 µmol-1 g-1 h-1 in the sacrificial-free system. On basis of serial characterizations and DFT calculations, the incorporated Bi is conducive to the acceleration of charge carriers transfer and N2 activation through the donation and back-donation mode. The N2 adsorption energy of 5% Bi/COF-TaTp is calculated to be -0.19 eV in comparison with -0.09 eV of the pure COF-TaTp and the electron exchange between N2 and the modified catalyst is much more intensive. Moreover, the accompanied hydrogen production process is effectively inhibited by Bi modification, demonstrated by the higher energy barrier for HER over Bi/COF-TaTp (2.62 eV) than the pure COF-TaTp (2.31 eV) when using H binding free energy (ΔGH* ) as a descriptor. This work supplies novel insights for the design of photocatalysts for N2 reduction and intensifies the understanding of N2 adsorption and activation over covalent organic frameworks-based materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingfei Yu
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, Minhou, Fujian, 350108, P. R. China
| | - Yueling Chen
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, Minhou, Fujian, 350108, P. R. China
| | - Ming Gao
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, Minhou, Fujian, 350108, P. R. China
| | - Guocheng Huang
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, Minhou, Fujian, 350108, P. R. China
| | - Qiaoshan Chen
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, Minhou, Fujian, 350108, P. R. China
| | - Jinhong Bi
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, Minhou, Fujian, 350108, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, Fuzhou University, Minhou, Fujian, 350108, P. R. China
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Isac L, Enesca A. Recent Developments in ZnS-Based Nanostructures Photocatalysts for Wastewater Treatment. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232415668. [PMID: 36555309 PMCID: PMC9779750 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232415668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Revised: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The continuous growth of the world population has led to the constant increase of environmental pollution, with serious consequences for human health. Toxic, non-biodegradable, and recalcitrant organic pollutants (e.g., dyes, pharmaceuticals, pesticides) are discharged into water resources from various industries, such as textiles, leather, pharmaceuticals, plastics, etc. Consequently, the treatment of industrial wastewater, via a sustainable technology, represents a great challenge for worldwide research. Photocatalytic technology, an innovative technique based on advanced oxidation process (AOP), is considered a green technology with promising prospects in the remediation of global environmental issues. In photocatalysis, a very important role is attributed to the photocatalyst, usually a semiconductor material with high solar light absorption capacity and conductivity for photogenerated-charge carriers. Zinc sulfide (ZnS), as n-type semiconductor with different morphologies and band gap energies (Eg = 3.2-3.71 eV), is recognized as a promising photocatalyst for the removal of organic pollutants from wastewater, especially under UV light irradiation. This review deals with the recent developments (the last five years) in ZnS nanostructures (0D, 1D, 3D) and ZnS-based heterojunctions (n-n, n-p, Z scheme) used as photocatalysts for organic pollutants' degradation under simulated (UV, Vis) and sunlight irradiation in wastewater treatment. The effects of different synthesis parameters (precursors' type and concentration, capping agents' dosages, reaction time and temperature, metal doping, ZnS concentration in heterostructures, etc.) and properties (particle size, morphology, band gap energy, and surface properties) on the photocatalytic performance of ZnS-based photocatalysts for various organic pollutants' degradation are extensively discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luminita Isac
- Product Design, Mechatronics, and Environmental Department, Transilvania University of Brasov, 500036 Brasov, Romania
- Renewable Energy Systems and Recycling Research Center, Transilvania University of Brasov, 500036 Brasov, Romania
- Correspondence:
| | - Alexandru Enesca
- Product Design, Mechatronics, and Environmental Department, Transilvania University of Brasov, 500036 Brasov, Romania
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Shi H, Li C, Wang L, Wang W, Bian J, Meng X. Photocatalytic reduction of nitrate pollutants by novel Z-scheme ZnSe/BiVO4 heterostructures with high N2 selectivity. Sep Purif Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2022.121854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
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Molybdenum disulfide loading on a Z-scheme graphitic carbon nitride and lanthanum nickelate heterojunction for enhanced photocatalysis: Interfacial charge transfer and mechanistic insights. J Colloid Interface Sci 2022; 611:684-694. [PMID: 34974228 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2021.12.106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Revised: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Interfacial design and the co-catalyst effect are considered to be effective to achieve separation and transport of photogenerated carriers in composite photocatalysts. In this study, a Z-scheme heterojunction was successfully combined with a co-catalyst to achieve a highly efficient LaNiO3/g-C3N4/MoS2 photocatalyst. MoS2 flakes were loaded on a hybrid material surface, which was formed by LaNiO3 nanocubes embedded on layered g-C3N4, and a good heterostructure with multiple attachment sites was obtained. Experimental studies confirmed that the Z-scheme heterojunction completely preserves the strong redox ability of the photogenerated electrons and holes. As a cocatalyst, MoS2 further promoted interfacial charge separation and transport. The synergistic effect of the Z-scheme heterojunction and co-catalyst effectively realized the transfer of photogenerated carriers from "slow transfer" to "high transfer" and promoted water decomposition and pollutant degradation. Results revealed that under simulated sunlight irradiation, LaNiO3/g-C3N4/MoS2 composites exhibit superior hydrogen evolution of 45.1 μmol h-1, which is 19.1 times that of g-C3N4 and 4.9 times that of LaNiO3/g-C3N4, respectively. Moreover, the LaNiO3/g-C3N4/MoS2 Z-scheme photocatalyst exhibited excellent photocatalytic performance for antibiotic degradation and heavy-metal ion reduction under visible light. This study might provide some insights into the development of photocatalysts for solar energy conversion and environmental remediation.
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