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Manjunatha C, Rastogi CK, Manmadha Rao B, Girish Kumar S, Varun S, Raitani K, Maurya G, Karthik B, Swathi C, Sadrzadeh M, Khosla A. Advances in Hierarchical Inorganic Nanostructures for Efficient Solar Energy Harvesting Systems. CHEMSUSCHEM 2024; 17:e202301755. [PMID: 38478710 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202301755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2023] [Revised: 03/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
The urgent need to address the global energy and environmental crisis necessitates the development of efficient solar-power harvesting systems. Among the promising candidates, hierarchical inorganic nanostructures stand out due to their exceptional attributes, including a high specific surface area, abundant active sites, and tunable optoelectronic properties. In this comprehensive review, we delve into the fundamental principles underlying various solar energy harvesting technologies, including dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs), photocatalytic, photoelectrocatalytic (water splitting), and photothermal (water purification) systems, providing a foundational understanding of their operation. Thereafter, the discussion is focused on recent advancements in the synthesis, design, and development of hierarchical nanostructures composed of diverse inorganic material combinations, tailored for each of these solar energy harvesting systems. We meticulously elaborate on the distinct synthesis methods and conditions employed to fine-tune the morphological features of these hierarchical nanostructures. Furthermore, this review offers profound insights into critical aspects such as electron transfer mechanisms, band gap engineering, the creation of hetero-hybrid structures to optimize interface chemistry through diverse synthesis approaches, and precise adjustments of structural features. Beyond elucidating the scientific fundamentals, this review explores the large-scale applications of the aforementioned solar harvesting systems. Additionally, it addresses the existing challenges and outlines the prospects for achieving heightened solar-energy conversion efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Manjunatha
- Centre for Nanomaterials and Devices, Department of Chemistry, RV College of Engineering, Bengaluru, India
| | | | - B Manmadha Rao
- Department of Physics, VIT-AP University, Amaravati, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - S Girish Kumar
- Centre for Nanomaterials and Devices, Department of Chemistry, RV College of Engineering, Bengaluru, India
| | - S Varun
- Department of Chemical Engineering, RV College of Engineering, Bengaluru, India
| | - Karthik Raitani
- Centre for Advanced Studies, Dr. A. P. J. Abdul Kalam Technical University, Lucknow, India
| | - Gyanprakash Maurya
- Centre for Advanced Studies, Dr. A. P. J. Abdul Kalam Technical University, Lucknow, India
| | - B Karthik
- Department of Chemical Engineering, RV College of Engineering, Bengaluru, India
| | - C Swathi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, RV College of Engineering, Bengaluru, India
| | - Mohtada Sadrzadeh
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Advanced Water Research Lab (AWRL), University of Alberta, Canada
| | - Ajit Khosla
- School of Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology, Xidian University, Xi'an, Province, China
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Wang J, Cao X, Cui X, Wang H, Zhang H, Wang K, Li X, Li Z, Zhou Y. Recent Advances of Green Electricity Generation: Potential in Solar Interfacial Evaporation System. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2311151. [PMID: 38182407 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202311151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Revised: 12/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/07/2024]
Abstract
Solar-driven interfacial evaporation (SDIE) has played a pivotal role in optimizing water-energy utilization, reducing conventional power costs, and mitigating environmental impacts. The increasing emphasis on the synergistic cogeneration of water and green electricity through SDIE is particularly noteworthy. However, there is a gap of existing reviews that have focused on the mechanistic understanding of green power from water-electricity cogeneration (WEC) systems, the structure-activity relationship between efficiency of green energy utilization in WEC and material design in SDIE. Particularly, it lacks a comprehensive discussion to address the challenges faced in these areas along with potential solutions. Therefore, this review aims to comprehensively assess the progress and future perspective of green electricity from WEC systems by investigating the potential expansion of SDIE. First, it provides a comprehensive overview about material rational design, thermal management, and water transportation tunnels in SDIE. Then, it summarizes diverse energy sources utilized in the SDIE process, including steaming generation, photovoltaics, salinity gradient effect, temperature gradient effect, and piezoelectric effect. Subsequently, it explores factors that affect generated green electricity efficiency in WEC. Finally, this review proposes challenges and possible solution in the development of WEC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinhu Wang
- National Engineering Research Center for Marine Aquaculture, Marine Science and Technology College, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, 316004, China
| | - Xiqian Cao
- National Engineering Research Center for Marine Aquaculture, Marine Science and Technology College, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, 316004, China
| | - Xinyue Cui
- National Engineering Research Center for Marine Aquaculture, Marine Science and Technology College, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, 316004, China
| | - Haijian Wang
- National Engineering Research Center for Marine Aquaculture, Marine Science and Technology College, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, 316004, China
| | - Haoran Zhang
- National Engineering Research Center for Marine Aquaculture, Marine Science and Technology College, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, 316004, China
| | - Kaiwen Wang
- ICFO - Institut de Ciències Fotòniques, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Castelldefels, Barcelona, 08860, Spain
| | - Xibao Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanchang Hangkong University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330063, P. R. China
| | - Zhengtong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Hydrology-Water Resources and Hydraulic Engineering, Yangtze Institute for Conservation and Development, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China
| | - Yingtang Zhou
- National Engineering Research Center for Marine Aquaculture, Marine Science and Technology College, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, 316004, China
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Rathore LK, Garg P, Kumar P, Bera A. Super-hydrophilic LaCoO 3/g-C 3N 4 nanocomposite coated beauty sponge for solar-driven seawater desalination with simultaneous volatile organic compound removal. NANOSCALE 2024; 16:2599-2607. [PMID: 38224332 DOI: 10.1039/d3nr04951e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
Interfacial solar steam generation (ISSG) is emerging as a promising, environment-friendly solution for fulfilling freshwater and energy demands. However, a critical challenge for ISSG lies in the presence of harmful volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in the feedwater which are co-evaporated with water, leading to more enriched concentration in condensed water. Herein, lanthanum cobaltate-graphitic carbon nitride (LaCoO3/g-C3N4, LCO/g-CN) nanocomposite decorated beauty sponge (LCO/g-CN@BS) is proposed as an efficient photothermal/photocatalytic material for solar-driven seawater desalination and simultaneous VOC degradation. The hydrophobic surface of the beauty sponge after LCO/g-CN coating becomes super-hydrophilic, ensuring sufficient water supply and our LCO/g-CN@BS delivers an evaporation rate of 1.94 kg m-2 h-1 under 1 sun irradiation. This LCO/g-CN@BS shows excellent seawater desalination capacity with a self-cleaning ability when employed for saltwater purification for a salt (NaCl) concentration as high as 15 wt%. Moreover, fast photocarrier transfer between LCO and g-CN leads to enhanced photocatalytic degradation of over 90% of phenol simultaneously, which is about 60% for only an LCO-based beauty sponge. This work presents a promising approach to combining novel nanocomposites with microporous structures for efficient solar desalination, offering simultaneous VOC degradation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Parul Garg
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Jammu, J&K 181221, India.
| | - Piyush Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Jammu, J&K 181221, India
| | - Ashok Bera
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Jammu, J&K 181221, India.
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Alomar M, Arshad N, Irshad MS, Abdelmohsen SAM, Ahmed I, Alhoshani N, Alqarni AS. Multi-Walled CNTs/BiVO 4 Heterostructures for Solar-Driven Evaporation System and Efficient Photocatalytic Activity against Oxytetracycline. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:2764. [PMID: 37887915 PMCID: PMC10609317 DOI: 10.3390/nano13202764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
Developing a sustainable environment requires addressing primitive water scarcity and water contamination. Antibiotics such as oxytetracycline (OTC) may accumulate in the environment and in the human body, increasing the risks to the ecosystem. The treatment of polluted water and the production of potable water can be achieved in a variety of ways, including photodegradation, solar distillation, and filtration. Freshwater supplies can be increased by implementing energy-efficient technologies for the production of clean water. Solar water evaporation combined with photocatalytic degradation and sterilization offers a promising avenue for integration into the clean water and energy production fields. The present study reports the synthesis of a 3D solar steam generator comprised of BiVO4 and carbon nanotubes (CNT) nanocomposite decorated over a cigarette filter as the light-to-heat conversion layer for solar steam generation. The BiVO4@CNT-based 3D solar evaporator over the hydrophilic cellulosic fibers of the cigarette filter endowed excellent evaporation rates (2.36 kg m-2 h-1) under 1 kW m-2 solar irradiation, owing to its superior hydrophilicity and broadband solar absorption (96%) equipped with localized heating at microscale thermal confinement optimized by the minimum thermal conductivity of the overall system. Furthermore, the BiVO4@CNT composite exhibited a heightened photo activity up to 83% of the photodegradation of oxytetracycline (OTC) antibiotic due to the inhibition of charge recombination from the industrial effluents. This approach transforms the water-energy nexus into a synergistic bond that offers opportunities to meet expected demand, rather than being competitive.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muneerah Alomar
- Department of Physics, College of Sciences, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia; (S.A.M.A.); (N.A.)
| | - Naila Arshad
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for the Green Preparation and Application of Functional Materials, Hubei Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials (Hubei University), Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials Co-Constructed by the Province and Ministry, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China;
| | - Muhammad Sultan Irshad
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for the Green Preparation and Application of Functional Materials, Hubei Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials (Hubei University), Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials Co-Constructed by the Province and Ministry, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China;
| | - Shaimaa A. M. Abdelmohsen
- Department of Physics, College of Sciences, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia; (S.A.M.A.); (N.A.)
| | - Iftikhar Ahmed
- Energy Research Centre, COMSATS University, Lahore Campus, Islamabad 54000, Pakistan;
| | - Nawal Alhoshani
- Department of Physics, College of Sciences, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia; (S.A.M.A.); (N.A.)
| | - Areej S. Alqarni
- Department of Physics, College of Sciences, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia; (S.A.M.A.); (N.A.)
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Liu S, Wang S, Shuai S, Weng Y, Zheng F. Efficient Solar Desalination of Seawater Using a Novel Carbon Nanotube-Based Composite Aerogel. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:5815. [PMID: 37687507 PMCID: PMC10488654 DOI: 10.3390/ma16175815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Revised: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023]
Abstract
Solar desalination of seawater is an effective approach to address the scarcity of freshwater resources. For solar steam generation, it is critical to design biodegradable, sustainable, low-cost, and high-evaporation-rate technology. This study aims to develop a novel solar desalination technology by designing and fabricating a nanocomposite material with excellent light absorption and thermal conversion properties. We designed a double-layer aerogel structure, which uses naturally abundant carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) as the basic skeleton to achieve sustainability and biodegradability, and uses carbon nanotubes as the photothermal material for efficient light absorption to prepare a ferric tannate/carbon nanotube/carboxymethyl cellulose composite aerogel (FT-CNT-CMC aerogel). Experimental results demonstrate that the FT-CNT-CMC aerogel exhibits a high light absorption rate of 96-98% within the spectral range of 250-2400 nm, showcasing remarkable photothermal conversion performance. Under a sun intensity of 1 kW·m-2, the FT-CNT-CMC aerogel achieves a significant evaporation rate of 1.942 kg·m-2·h-1 at room temperature. Moreover, the excellent performance of the FT-CNT-CMC aerogel is validated in practical seawater desalination and organic dye wastewater purification. The FT-CNT-CMC aerogel exhibits a retention rate exceeding 99% for Na+, Mg2+, K+, and Ca2+ ions in simulated seawater, while no characteristic absorption peaks are observed in methylene blue and rhodamine B dye solutions after purification. These findings highlight the promising potential of the FT-CNT-CMC aerogel in the field of novel solar desalination, providing a viable solution to obtain freshwater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Thin Films, School of Physical Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China; (S.L.); (Y.W.)
| | - Shun Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Thin Films, School of Physical Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China; (S.L.); (Y.W.)
| | - Shunxu Shuai
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Thin Films, School of Physical Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China; (S.L.); (Y.W.)
| | - Yuyan Weng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Thin Films, School of Physical Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China; (S.L.); (Y.W.)
| | - Fengang Zheng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Thin Films, School of Physical Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China; (S.L.); (Y.W.)
- SJTU-Pinghu Institute of Intelligent Optoelectronics, Jiaxing 314200, China
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Liu C, Yin Z, Hou Y, Yin C, Yin Z. Overview of Solar Steam Devices from Materials and Structures. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:2742. [PMID: 37376388 DOI: 10.3390/polym15122742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The global shortage of freshwater supply has become an imminent problem. The high energy consumption of traditional desalination technology cannot meet the demand for sustainable energy development. Therefore, exploring new energy sources to obtain pure water has become one of the effective ways to solve the freshwater resource crisis. In recent years, solar steam technology which utilizes solar energy as the sole input source for photothermal conversion has shown to be sustainable, low-cost, and environmentally friendly, providing a viable low-carbon solution for freshwater supply. This review summarizes the latest developments in solar steam generators. The working principle of steam technology and the types of heating systems are described. The photothermal conversion mechanisms of different materials are illustrated. Emphasis is placed on describing strategies to optimize light absorption and improve steam efficiency from material properties to structural design. Finally, challenges in the development of solar steam devices are pointed out, aiming to provide new ideas for the development of solar steam devices and alleviate the shortage of freshwater resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Liu
- National Demonstration Centre for Experimental Chemistry Education, Department of Chemistry, Yanbian University, Yanji 133002, China
| | - Zhenhao Yin
- Department of Environmental Science, Yanbian University, Yanji 133002, China
| | - Yue Hou
- National Demonstration Centre for Experimental Chemistry Education, Department of Chemistry, Yanbian University, Yanji 133002, China
| | - Chengri Yin
- National Demonstration Centre for Experimental Chemistry Education, Department of Chemistry, Yanbian University, Yanji 133002, China
| | - Zhenxing Yin
- National Demonstration Centre for Experimental Chemistry Education, Department of Chemistry, Yanbian University, Yanji 133002, China
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Bai Z, Xu H, Li G, Yang B, Yao J, Guo K, Wang N. MoS 2 Nanosheets Decorated with Fe 3O 4 Nanoparticles for Highly Efficient Solar Steam Generation and Water Treatment. Molecules 2023; 28:1719. [PMID: 36838707 PMCID: PMC9959009 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28041719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
The shortage of water resources has always been one of the most difficult problems that perplexes humanity. Solar steam generation (SSG) has been a new non-polluting and low-cost water purification method in recent years. However, the high cost of traditional photothermal conversion materials and the low efficiency of photothermal conversion has restricted the large-scale application of SSG technology. In this work, composite materials with Fe3O4 nanospheres attached to MoS2 nanosheets were synthesized, which increased the absorbance and specific surface area of the composite materials, reduced the sunlight reflection, and increased the photothermal conversion efficiency. During the experiment, the composite material was evenly coated on cotton. The strong water absorption of cotton ensured that the water could be transported sufficiently to the surface for evaporation. Under one sun irradiation intensity, the evaporation rate of the sample synthesized in this work reached 1.42 kg m-2 h-1; the evaporation efficiency is 89.18%. In addition, the surface temperature of the sample can reach 41.6 °C, which has far exceeded most photothermal conversion materials. Furthermore, the use of this composite material as an SSG device for seawater desalination and sewage purification can remove more than 98% of salt ions in seawater, and the removal rate of heavy metal ions in sewage is close to 100%, with a good seawater desalination capacity and sewage purification capacity. This work provides a new idea for the application of composite materials in the field of seawater desalination and sewage purification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Bai
- School of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering, Suzhou University, Suzhou 234000, China
| | - Haifeng Xu
- School of Information Engineering, Suzhou University, Suzhou 234000, China
| | - Guang Li
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Information Materials and Devices, Institute of Physical Science and Information Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, China
- Key Laboratory of Structure and Functional Regulation of Hybrid Materials of Ministry of Education, Institute of Physical Science and Information Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Bo Yang
- School of Physics and Electronic Information, Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei 235000, China
| | - Jixin Yao
- Universities Joint Key Laboratory of Photoelectric Detection Science and Technology in Anhui Province, Hefei Normal University, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Kai Guo
- School of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering, Suzhou University, Suzhou 234000, China
- Anhui Provincial Engineering Laboratory on Information Fusion and Control of Intelligent Robot, Wuhu 241002, China
| | - Nan Wang
- School of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering, Suzhou University, Suzhou 234000, China
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Zhang G, Chen Q, Zhang Z, Fang J, Zhao C, Wei Y, Li W. Co-La-Based Hole-Transporting Layers for Binary Organic Solar Cells with 18.82 % Efficiency. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202216304. [PMID: 36448962 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202216304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2022] [Revised: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) is a widely used hole transporting layer (HTL) in organic solar cells (OSCs), but its acidity severely reduces the stability of devices. Until now, very few HTLs were developed to replace PEDOT:PSS toward stable and high-performance OSCs. Herein, a new cobalt-lanthanum (Co-La) inorganic system was reported as HTL to show a high conversion efficiency (PCE) of 18.82 %, which is among the top PCEs in binary OSCs. Since electron-rich outer shell of La atom can interact with Co atom to form charge transfer complex, the work function and conductivity of the Co-La system could be simultaneously enhanced compared to Co or La-based HTLs. This Co-La system could also be applied into other OSCs to show high performance. All these results demonstrate that binary Co-La systems as HTL can efficiently tackle the issue in hole transporting and show powerful application in OSCs to replace PEDOT:PSS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangcong Zhang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering & State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, P. R. China
| | - Qiaomei Chen
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering & State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, P. R. China
| | - Zhou Zhang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering & State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, P. R. China
| | - Jie Fang
- Institute of Applied Chemistry, Jiangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanchang, 330096, P. R. China
| | - Chaowei Zhao
- Institute of Applied Chemistry, Jiangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanchang, 330096, P. R. China
| | - Yen Wei
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Weiwei Li
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering & State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, P. R. China
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Setyawan H, Juliananda J, Widiyastuti W. Engineering Materials to Enhance Light-to-Heat Conversion for Efficient Solar Water Purification. Ind Eng Chem Res 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.2c03170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Heru Setyawan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Industrial Technology and System Engineering, Sepuluh Nopember Institute of Technology, Kampus ITS Sukolilo, Surabaya60111, Indonesia
| | - Juliananda Juliananda
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Industrial Technology and System Engineering, Sepuluh Nopember Institute of Technology, Kampus ITS Sukolilo, Surabaya60111, Indonesia
| | - Widiyastuti Widiyastuti
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Industrial Technology and System Engineering, Sepuluh Nopember Institute of Technology, Kampus ITS Sukolilo, Surabaya60111, Indonesia
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Wang C, Wang Y, Yan M, Zhang W, Wang P, Guan W, Zhang S, Yu L, Feng J, Gan Z, Dong L. Highly efficient self-floating jellyfish-like solar steam generators based on the partially carbonized Enteromorpha aerogel. J Colloid Interface Sci 2022; 630:297-305. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2022.09.133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Revised: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Wani TA, Kaith P, Garg P, Bera A. Microfluidic Salinity Gradient-Induced All-Day Electricity Production in Solar Steam Generation. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:35802-35808. [PMID: 35913698 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c09352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Synergistic generation of freshwater and electricity using solar light would be an ideal solution for global freshwater challenges and energy demands. Recently, interface solar steam generation has been considered one of the promising cost-effective alternatives for freshwater generation. Here, we have systematically maintained the salinity gradient within two-legged paper-based microfluidic channels to transport wastewater from the reservoir to the evaporator surface and generate electricity all-day-long. Flowing seawater (3.5 wt % NaCl) on one leg and tap water on the other of the water-conducting channels connected to a conical evaporator, we achieved an average open-circuit voltage (VOC) of 150 mV and a short-circuit current of 6.5 μA across each channel along with a water evaporation efficiency of 88%. As the VOC depends only on the ion concentration gradient within the channel in the direction perpendicular to the water flow, the electricity generation persists throughout the day and can be tuned by varying the salinity. Increasing the salt concentration of the seawater to 20 wt %, the VOC increased to 250 mV in a single channel. In an evaporator connected with four such channels, we achieved a maximum output power density of 9.9 mW m-2 in a series combination without sacrificing the evaporation rate. Furthermore, removing agglomerated salt from the evaporator surface, we harvested salt at a rate of 0.33 kg m-2 h-1. Therefore, our approach provides an alternative way of freshwater generation, salt harvesting, and all-day-long electricity production simultaneously.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tawseef Ahmad Wani
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Jammu, Jammu, J & K 181221, India
| | - Priya Kaith
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Jammu, Jammu, J & K 181221, India
| | - Parul Garg
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Jammu, Jammu, J & K 181221, India
| | - Ashok Bera
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Jammu, Jammu, J & K 181221, India
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