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Caselli L, Parra-Ortiz E, Micciulla S, Skoda MWA, Häffner SM, Nielsen EM, van der Plas MJA, Malmsten M. Boosting Membrane Interactions and Antimicrobial Effects of Photocatalytic Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles by Peptide Coating. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2309496. [PMID: 38402437 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202309496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/26/2024]
Abstract
Photocatalytic nanoparticles offer antimicrobial effects under illumination due to the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), capable of degrading bacterial membranes. ROS may, however, also degrade human cell membranes and trigger toxicity. Since antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) may display excellent selectivity between human cells and bacteria, these may offer opportunities to effectively "target" nanoparticles to bacterial membranes for increased selectivity. Investigating this, photocatalytic TiO2 nanoparticles (NPs) are coated with the AMP LL-37, and ROS generation is found by C11-BODIPY to be essentially unaffected after AMP coating. Furthermore, peptide-coated TiO2 NPs retain their positive ζ-potential also after 1-2 h of UV illumination, showing peptide degradation to be sufficiently limited to allow peptide-mediated targeting. In line with this, quartz crystal microbalance measurements show peptide coating to promote membrane binding of TiO2 NPs, particularly so for bacteria-like anionic and cholesterol-void membranes. As a result, membrane degradation during illumination is strongly promoted for such membranes, but not so for mammalian-like membranes. The mechanisms of these effects are elucidated by neutron reflectometry. Analogously, LL-37 coating promoted membrane rupture by TiO2 NPs for Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria, but not for human monocytes. These findings demonstrate that AMP coating may selectively boost the antimicrobial effects of photocatalytic NPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucrezia Caselli
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, DK-2100, Denmark
- Department of Physical Chemistry 1, Lund University, Lund, SE-22100, Sweden
| | - Elisa Parra-Ortiz
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, DK-2100, Denmark
- Novonesis, Biologiens Vej 2, Lyngby, DK-2800 Kgs, Denmark
| | - Samantha Micciulla
- Institut Laue-Langevin, CS 20156, Grenoble Cedex 9, 38042, France
- Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire de Physique (LIPhy), Saint Martin d'Hères, 38402, France
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Saint-Martin-d'Hères, Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes, France
| | - Maximilian W A Skoda
- ISIS Pulsed Neutron and Muon Source, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Harwell, OX11 0QX, UK
| | - Sara Malekkhaiat Häffner
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, DK-2100, Denmark
- RISE Research Institutes of Sweden, Malvinas väg 3, Stockholm, 114 86, Sweden
| | | | | | - Martin Malmsten
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, DK-2100, Denmark
- Department of Physical Chemistry 1, Lund University, Lund, SE-22100, Sweden
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Sijmons D, Collett S, Soliman C, Guy AJ, Scott AM, Durrant LG, Elbourne A, Walduck AK, Ramsland PA. Probing the expression and adhesion of glycans involved in Helicobacter pylori infection. Sci Rep 2024; 14:8587. [PMID: 38615147 PMCID: PMC11016089 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-59234-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori infects approximately half the human population and has an unusual infective niche of the human stomach. Helicobacter pylori is a major cause of gastritis and has been classified as a group 1 carcinogen by the WHO. Treatment involves triple or quadruple antibiotic therapy, but antibiotic resistance is becoming increasingly prevalent. Helicobacter pylori expresses certain blood group related antigens (Lewis system) as a part of its lipopolysaccharide (LPS), which is thought to assist in immune evasion. Additionally, H. pylori LPS participates in adhesion to host cells alongside several adhesion proteins. This study profiled the carbohydrates of H. pylori reference strains (SS1 and 26695) using monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) and lectins, identifying interactions between two carbohydrate-targeting mAbs and multiple lectins. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) scans were used to probe lectin and antibody interactions with the bacterial surfaces. The selected mAb and lectins displayed an increased adhesive force over the surface of the curved H. pylori rods. Furthermore, this study demonstrates the ability of anti-carbohydrate antibodies to reduce the adhesion of H. pylori 26695 to human gastric adenocarcinoma cells via AFM. Targeting bacterial carbohydrates to disrupt crucial adhesion and immune evasion mechanisms represents a promising strategy for combating H. pylori infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Sijmons
- School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, 3000, Australia
| | - Simon Collett
- School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, 3000, Australia
- Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | - Caroline Soliman
- School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, 3000, Australia
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, 3000, Australia
| | - Andrew J Guy
- School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, 3000, Australia
- ZiP Diagnostics, Collingwood, VIC, 3066, Australia
| | - Andrew M Scott
- Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute and School of Cancer Medicine, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Department of Molecular Imaging and Therapy, Austin Health and Faculty of Medicine, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Lindy G Durrant
- Scancell Limited, University of Nottingham Biodiscovery Institute, Nottingham, UK
- Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham Biodiscovery Institute, Nottingham, UK
| | - Aaron Elbourne
- School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, 3000, Australia
| | - Anna K Walduck
- School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, 3000, Australia.
- Rural Health Research Institute, Charles Sturt University, Orange, NSW, 2800, Australia.
| | - Paul A Ramsland
- School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, 3000, Australia.
- Department of Immunology, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, 3004, Australia.
- Department of Surgery, Austin Health, The University of Melbourne, Heidelberg, VIC, 3084, Australia.
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