Lee SK, Lee MS. Ocular neuromyotonia: a review of diagnosis and treatment.
Curr Opin Ophthalmol 2022;
33:465-470. [PMID:
35980029 DOI:
10.1097/icu.0000000000000894]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW
The current review will cover the clinical presentation, causes, epidemiology, differential diagnoses, workup, and treatment of ocular neuromyotonia (ONM) in detail.
RECENT FINDINGS
While ONM largely remains a unilateral eye movement disease affecting adults with a history of sellar radiation, recent case reports highlight an expansion of this presentation to include bilateral, pediatric, and congenital cases.
SUMMARY
ONM is a rare but recognizable ocular motility disorder involving sustained contraction of the extraocular muscle, commonly resulting in intermittent diplopia. Diagnosis of ONM relies upon a thorough history and clinical exam, with particular attention to history of radiotherapy and eccentric gaze testing. Treatment with carbamazepine remains first-line therapy, although other membrane stabilizing agents and surgical interventions can be effective.
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