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Sun Z, Zou X, Bao M, Huang Z, Lou Y, Zhang Y, Huang P. Role of Ferroptosis in Fibrosis Diseases. Am J Med Sci 2023:S0002-9629(23)01174-6. [PMID: 37192694 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjms.2023.04.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Revised: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Ferroptosis is a pervasive non-apoptotic mode of cell death that is different from autophagy or necrosis. It is mainly caused by an imbalance between the production and degradation of lipid reactive oxygen species in cells. Several metabolic pathways and biochemical processes, such as amino acid and lipid metabolism, iron handling, and mitochondrial respiration, affect and regulate cell sensitivity to peroxidation and ferroptosis. Organ fibrosis, a pathological manifestation of several etiological conditions, leads to chronic tissue injury and is characterized by excessive deposition of extracellular matrix components. Excessive tissue fibrosis can have diverse pathophysiological effects on several organ systems, eventually causing organ dysfunction and failure. The current manuscript provides a review that illustrates the link between ferroptosis and organ fibrosis and to better understand the underlying mechanisms. It provides novel potential therapeutic approaches and targets for fibrosis diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyong Sun
- Center for Clinical Pharmacy, Cancer Center, Department of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China; Key Laboratory of Endocrine Gland Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiaozhou Zou
- Center for Clinical Pharmacy, Cancer Center, Department of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China; Key Laboratory of Endocrine Gland Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Meihua Bao
- Hunan Key Laboratory of the Research and Development of Novel Pharmaceutical Preparations, Changsha Medical University, Changsha, China
| | - Zhongjie Huang
- Center for Clinical Pharmacy, Cancer Center, Department of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China; College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yutao Lou
- Center for Clinical Pharmacy, Cancer Center, Department of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China; College of Pharmacy, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yiwen Zhang
- Center for Clinical Pharmacy, Cancer Center, Department of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China; Key Laboratory of Endocrine Gland Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Ping Huang
- Center for Clinical Pharmacy, Cancer Center, Department of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China; Key Laboratory of Endocrine Gland Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
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Baessato F, Fusini L, Muratori M, Tamborini G, Ghulam Ali S, Mantegazza V, Baggiano A, Mushtaq S, Pepi M, Patti G, Pontone G. Echocardiography vs. CMR in the Quantification of Chronic Mitral Regurgitation: A Happy Marriage or Stormy Divorce? J Cardiovasc Dev Dis 2023; 10:jcdd10040150. [PMID: 37103029 PMCID: PMC10145831 DOI: 10.3390/jcdd10040150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Quantification of chronic mitral regurgitation (MR) is essential to guide patients’ clinical management and define the need and appropriate timing for mitral valve surgery. Echocardiography represents the first-line imaging modality to assess MR and requires an integrative approach based on qualitative, semiquantitative, and quantitative parameters. Of note, quantitative parameters, such as the echocardiographic effective regurgitant orifice area, regurgitant volume (RegV), and regurgitant fraction (RegF), are considered the most reliable indicators of MR severity. In contrast, cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) has demonstrated high accuracy and good reproducibility in quantifying MR, especially in cases with secondary MR; nonholosystolic, eccentric, and multiple jets; or noncircular regurgitant orifices, where quantification with echocardiography is an issue. No gold standard for MR quantification by noninvasive cardiac imaging has been defined so far. Only a moderate agreement has been shown between echocardiography, either with transthoracic or transesophageal approaches, and CMR in MR quantification, as supported by numerous comparative studies. A higher agreement is evidenced when echocardiographic 3D techniques are used. CMR is superior to echocardiography in the calculation of the RegV, RegF, and ventricular volumes and can provide myocardial tissue characterization. However, echocardiography remains fundamental in the pre-operative anatomical evaluation of the mitral valve and of the subvalvular apparatus. The aim of this review is to explore the accuracy of MR quantification provided by echocardiography and CMR in a head-to-head comparison between the two techniques, with insight into the technical aspects of each imaging modality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Baessato
- Congenital Heart Disease and Pediatric Cardiology, German Heart Center Munich, 80636 Munich, Germany
- Department of Cardiology, Regional Hospital S. Maurizio, 39100 Bolzano, Italy
| | - Laura Fusini
- Department of Perioperative Cardiology and Cardiovascular Imaging, Centro Cardiologico Monzino IRCCS, 20138 Milan, Italy
- Department of Electronics, Information and Biomedical Engineering, Politecnico di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Eastern Piedmont, 28100 Novara, Italy
- Correspondence:
| | - Manuela Muratori
- Department of Perioperative Cardiology and Cardiovascular Imaging, Centro Cardiologico Monzino IRCCS, 20138 Milan, Italy
| | - Gloria Tamborini
- Department of Perioperative Cardiology and Cardiovascular Imaging, Centro Cardiologico Monzino IRCCS, 20138 Milan, Italy
| | - Sarah Ghulam Ali
- Department of Perioperative Cardiology and Cardiovascular Imaging, Centro Cardiologico Monzino IRCCS, 20138 Milan, Italy
| | - Valentina Mantegazza
- Department of Perioperative Cardiology and Cardiovascular Imaging, Centro Cardiologico Monzino IRCCS, 20138 Milan, Italy
| | - Andrea Baggiano
- Department of Perioperative Cardiology and Cardiovascular Imaging, Centro Cardiologico Monzino IRCCS, 20138 Milan, Italy
| | - Saima Mushtaq
- Department of Perioperative Cardiology and Cardiovascular Imaging, Centro Cardiologico Monzino IRCCS, 20138 Milan, Italy
| | - Mauro Pepi
- Department of Perioperative Cardiology and Cardiovascular Imaging, Centro Cardiologico Monzino IRCCS, 20138 Milan, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Patti
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Eastern Piedmont, 28100 Novara, Italy
- Division of Cardiology, Maggiore della Carità Hospital, 28100 Novara, Italy
| | - Gianluca Pontone
- Department of Perioperative Cardiology and Cardiovascular Imaging, Centro Cardiologico Monzino IRCCS, 20138 Milan, Italy
- Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, University of Milan, 2012 Milan, Italy
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Benfari G, Cavalcante JL, Enriquez-Sarano M. Multimodality imaging in functional mitral regurgitation: Valvular disease and the chamber remodeling quantification. Int J Cardiol 2021; 349:106-108. [PMID: 34861321 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2021.11.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2021] [Accepted: 11/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Benfari
- University of Verona, Section of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Verona, Italy.
| | - João L Cavalcante
- Valve Science Center, Minneapolis Heart Institute Foundation, Minneapolis, MN, United States of America
| | - Maurice Enriquez-Sarano
- Valve Science Center, Minneapolis Heart Institute Foundation, Minneapolis, MN, United States of America
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Enriquez-Sarano M, Benfari G, Messika-Zeitoun D, Grigioni F, Michelena HI. Functional mitral regurgitation: a proportionate or disproportionate focus of attention? Eur J Heart Fail 2021; 23:1759-1762. [PMID: 34383994 DOI: 10.1002/ejhf.2330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
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Treibel TA, Bennett J, Cavalcante JL. Editorial: Multimodality Imaging in Valvular Heart Disease. Front Cardiovasc Med 2021; 8:708889. [PMID: 34350221 PMCID: PMC8326792 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2021.708889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas A. Treibel
- Institute for Cardiovascular Sciences, University College London, London, United Kingdom
- Barts Health NHS Trust and University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | | | - João L. Cavalcante
- Minneapolis Heart Institute at Abbott Northwestern Hospital, Minneapolis, MN, United States
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Cavalcante JL, Sorajja P. The Art of Balancing Functional Mitral Regurgitation Reduction and Gradients After TEER. JACC Cardiovasc Interv 2021; 14:890-891. [PMID: 33888234 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcin.2021.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2021] [Accepted: 03/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- João L Cavalcante
- Minneapolis Heart Institute, Abbott Northwestern Hospital, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA.
| | - Paul Sorajja
- Minneapolis Heart Institute, Abbott Northwestern Hospital, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
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