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Kaji I, Thiagarajah JR, Goldenring JR. Modeling the cell biology of monogenetic intestinal epithelial disorders. J Cell Biol 2024; 223:e202310118. [PMID: 38683247 PMCID: PMC11058565 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.202310118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Revised: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Monogenetic variants are responsible for a range of congenital human diseases. Variants in genes that are important for intestinal epithelial function cause a group of disorders characterized by severe diarrhea and loss of nutrient absorption called congenital diarrheas and enteropathies (CODEs). CODE-causing genes include nutrient transporters, enzymes, structural proteins, and vesicular trafficking proteins in intestinal epithelial cells. Several severe CODE disorders result from the loss-of-function in key regulators of polarized endocytic trafficking such as the motor protein, Myosin VB (MYO5B), as well as STX3, STXBP2, and UNC45A. Investigations of the cell biology and pathophysiology following loss-of-function in these genes have led to an increased understanding of both homeostatic and pathological vesicular trafficking in intestinal epithelial cells. Modeling different CODEs through investigation of changes in patient tissues, coupled with the development of animal models and patient-derived enteroids, has provided critical insights into the enterocyte differentiation and function. Linking basic knowledge of cell biology with the phenotype of specific patient variants is a key step in developing effective treatments for rare monogenetic diseases. This knowledge can also be applied more broadly to our understanding of common epithelial disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Izumi Kaji
- Section of Surgical Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
- Epithelial Biology Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Jay R. Thiagarajah
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Boston Children’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Congenital Enteropathy Program, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Digestive Disease Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - James R. Goldenring
- Section of Surgical Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
- Epithelial Biology Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
- Nashville VA Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
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Sun M, Pylypenko O, Zhou Z, Xu M, Li Q, Houdusse A, van IJzendoorn SCD. Uncovering the Relationship Between Genes and Phenotypes Beyond the Gut in Microvillus Inclusion Disease. Cell Mol Gastroenterol Hepatol 2024; 17:983-1005. [PMID: 38307491 PMCID: PMC11041842 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcmgh.2024.01.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/04/2024]
Abstract
Microvillus inclusion disease (MVID) is a rare condition that is present from birth and affects the digestive system. People with MVID experience severe diarrhea that is difficult to control, cannot absorb dietary nutrients, and struggle to grow and thrive. In addition, diverse clinical manifestations, some of which are life-threatening, have been reported in cases of MVID. MVID can be caused by variants in the MYO5B, STX3, STXBP2, or UNC45A gene. These genes produce proteins that have been functionally linked to each other in intestinal epithelial cells. MVID associated with STXBP2 variants presents in a subset of patients diagnosed with familial hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis type 5. MVID associated with UNC45A variants presents in most patients diagnosed with osteo-oto-hepato-enteric syndrome. Furthermore, variants in MYO5B or STX3 can also cause other diseases that are characterized by phenotypes that can co-occur in subsets of patients diagnosed with MVID. Recent studies involving clinical data and experiments with cells and animals revealed connections between specific phenotypes occurring outside of the digestive system and the type of gene variants that cause MVID. Here, we have reviewed these patterns and correlations, which are expected to be valuable for healthcare professionals in managing the disease and providing personalized care for patients and their families.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingyue Sun
- Department of Biomedical Sciences of Cells and Systems, Center for Liver Digestive & Metabolic Diseases, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Olena Pylypenko
- Dynamics of Intra-Cellular Organization, Institute Curie, PSL Research University, CNRS UMR144, Paris, France
| | - Zhe Zhou
- Department of Biomedical Sciences of Cells and Systems, Center for Liver Digestive & Metabolic Diseases, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Mingqian Xu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences of Cells and Systems, Center for Liver Digestive & Metabolic Diseases, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Qinghong Li
- Department of Biomedical Sciences of Cells and Systems, Center for Liver Digestive & Metabolic Diseases, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Anne Houdusse
- Structural Motility, Institute Curie, PSL Research University, CNRS UMR144, Paris, France
| | - Sven C D van IJzendoorn
- Department of Biomedical Sciences of Cells and Systems, Center for Liver Digestive & Metabolic Diseases, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.
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Moxon JV, Calcino A, Kraeuter AK, Phie J, Anderson G, Standley G, Sealey C, Jones RE, Field MA, Golledge J. A case-control comparison of acute-phase peripheral blood gene expression in participants diagnosed with minor ischaemic stroke or stroke mimics. Hum Genomics 2023; 17:106. [PMID: 38007520 PMCID: PMC10676587 DOI: 10.1186/s40246-023-00551-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 11/11/2023] [Indexed: 11/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Past studies suggest that there are changes in peripheral blood cell gene expression in response to ischaemic stroke; however, the specific changes which occur during the acute phase are poorly characterised. The current study aimed to identify peripheral blood cell genes specifically associated with the early response to ischaemic stroke using whole blood samples collected from participants diagnosed with ischaemic stroke (n = 29) or stroke mimics (n = 27) following emergency presentation to hospital. Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA), mRNA and micro-RNA (miRNA) abundance was measured by RNA-seq, and the consensusDE package was used to identify genes which were differentially expressed between groups. A sensitivity analysis excluding two participants with metastatic disease was also conducted. RESULTS The mean time from symptom onset to blood collection was 2.6 h. Most strokes were mild (median NIH stroke scale score 2.0). Ten mRNAs (all down-regulated in samples provided by patients experiencing ischaemic stroke) and 30 miRNAs (14 over-expressed and 16 under-expressed in participants with ischaemic stroke) were significantly different between groups in the whole cohort and sensitivity analyses. No significant over-representation of gene ontology categories by the differentially expressed genes was observed. Random forest analysis suggested a panel of differentially expressed genes (ADGRG7 and miRNAs 96, 532, 6766, 6798 and 6804) as potential ischaemic stroke biomarkers, although modelling analyses demonstrated that these genes had poor diagnostic performance. CONCLUSIONS This study provides evidence suggesting that the early response to minor ischaemic stroke is predominantly reflected by changes in the expression of miRNAs in peripheral blood cells. Further work in independent cohorts particularly in patients with more severe stroke is needed to validate these findings and investigate their clinical relevance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph V Moxon
- Queensland Research Centre for Peripheral Vascular Disease, College of Medicine and Dentistry, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD, 4811, Australia
- Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD, 4811, Australia
- Centre for Tropical Bioinformatics and Molecular Biology, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD, 4811, Australia
| | - Andrew Calcino
- Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD, 4811, Australia
- Centre for Tropical Bioinformatics and Molecular Biology, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD, 4811, Australia
| | - Ann-Katrin Kraeuter
- Queensland Research Centre for Peripheral Vascular Disease, College of Medicine and Dentistry, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD, 4811, Australia
- Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD, 4811, Australia
- Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Psychology, Northumbria University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
| | - James Phie
- Queensland Research Centre for Peripheral Vascular Disease, College of Medicine and Dentistry, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD, 4811, Australia
- Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD, 4811, Australia
| | - Georgina Anderson
- Queensland Research Centre for Peripheral Vascular Disease, College of Medicine and Dentistry, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD, 4811, Australia
| | - Glenys Standley
- Queensland Research Centre for Peripheral Vascular Disease, College of Medicine and Dentistry, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD, 4811, Australia
| | - Cindy Sealey
- Queensland Research Centre for Peripheral Vascular Disease, College of Medicine and Dentistry, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD, 4811, Australia
| | - Rhondda E Jones
- Research Division, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD, 4811, Australia
- Tropical Australian Academic Health Centre, Townsville, QLD, 4811, Australia
| | - Matt A Field
- Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD, 4811, Australia
- Centre for Tropical Bioinformatics and Molecular Biology, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD, 4811, Australia
- Immunogenomics Laboratory, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, NSW, 2010, Australia
- Menzies School of Health Research, Darwin, NT, 0811, Australia
| | - Jonathan Golledge
- Queensland Research Centre for Peripheral Vascular Disease, College of Medicine and Dentistry, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD, 4811, Australia.
- Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD, 4811, Australia.
- Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Townsville University Hospital, Townsville, QLD, 4811, Australia.
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Kalashyan M, Raghunathan K, Oller H, Bayer MT, Jimenez L, Roland JT, Kolobova E, Hagen SJ, Goldsmith JD, Shub MD, Goldenring JR, Kaji I, Thiagarajah JR. Patient-derived enteroids provide a platform for the development of therapeutic approaches in microvillus inclusion disease. J Clin Invest 2023; 133:e169234. [PMID: 37643022 PMCID: PMC10575727 DOI: 10.1172/jci169234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Microvillus inclusion disease (MVID), caused by loss-of-function mutations in the motor protein myosin Vb (MYO5B), is a severe infantile disease characterized by diarrhea, malabsorption, and acid/base instability, requiring intensive parenteral support for nutritional and fluid management. Human patient-derived enteroids represent a model for investigation of monogenic epithelial disorders but are a rare resource from MVID patients. We developed human enteroids with different loss-of function MYO5B variants and showed that they recapitulated the structural changes found in native MVID enterocytes. Multiplex immunofluorescence imaging of patient duodenal tissues revealed patient-specific changes in localization of brush border transporters. Functional analysis of electrolyte transport revealed profound loss of Na+/H+ exchange (NHE) activity in MVID patient enteroids with near-normal chloride secretion. The chloride channel-blocking antidiarrheal drug crofelemer dose-dependently inhibited agonist-mediated fluid secretion. MVID enteroids exhibited altered differentiation and maturation versus healthy enteroids. γ-Secretase inhibition with DAPT recovered apical brush border structure and functional Na+/H+ exchange activity in MVID enteroids. Transcriptomic analysis revealed potential pathways involved in the rescue of MVID cells including serum/glucocorticoid-regulated kinase 2 (SGK2) and NHE regulatory factor 3 (NHERF3). These results demonstrate the utility of patient-derived enteroids for developing therapeutic approaches to MVID.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meri Kalashyan
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Boston Children’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Krishnan Raghunathan
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Boston Children’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Haley Oller
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Boston Children’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Marie-Theres Bayer
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Boston Children’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Lissette Jimenez
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Boston Children’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Congenital Enteropathy Program, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- PediCODE Consortium, as detailed in Supplemental Acknowledgments
| | - Joseph T. Roland
- Section of Surgical Sciences and
- Epithelial Biology Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Elena Kolobova
- Section of Surgical Sciences and
- Epithelial Biology Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Susan J. Hagen
- Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical Sciences, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Jeffrey D. Goldsmith
- PediCODE Consortium, as detailed in Supplemental Acknowledgments
- Department of Pathology, Boston Children’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Mitchell D. Shub
- Department of Child Health, University of Arizona College of Medicine–Phoenix, and Division of Gastroenterology, Phoenix Children’s Hospital, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
| | - James R. Goldenring
- PediCODE Consortium, as detailed in Supplemental Acknowledgments
- Section of Surgical Sciences and
- Epithelial Biology Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
- Nashville VA Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Izumi Kaji
- PediCODE Consortium, as detailed in Supplemental Acknowledgments
- Section of Surgical Sciences and
- Epithelial Biology Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Jay R. Thiagarajah
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Boston Children’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Congenital Enteropathy Program, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- PediCODE Consortium, as detailed in Supplemental Acknowledgments
- Harvard Digestive Disease Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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Kalashyan M, Raghunathan K, Oller H, Theres MB, Jimenez L, Roland JT, Kolobova E, Hagen SJ, Goldsmith JD, Shub MD, Goldenring JR, Kaji I, Thiagarajah JR. Therapy Development for Microvillus Inclusion Disease using Patient-derived Enteroids. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.01.28.526036. [PMID: 36747680 PMCID: PMC9900906 DOI: 10.1101/2023.01.28.526036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Microvillus Inclusion Disease (MVID), caused by loss-of-function mutations in the motor protein Myosin Vb (MYO5B), is a severe infantile disease characterized by diarrhea, malabsorption, and acid-base instability, requiring intensive parenteral support for nutritional and fluid management. Human patient-derived enteroids represent a model for investigation of monogenic epithelial disorders but are a rare resource from MVID patients. We developed human enteroids with different loss-of function MYO5B variants and showed that they recapitulated the structural changes found in native MVID enterocytes. Multiplex Immunofluorescence imaging of patient duodenal tissues revealed patient-specific changes in localization of brush border transporters. Functional analysis of electrolyte transport revealed profound loss of Na + /H + exchange (NHE) activity in MVID patient enteroids with near-normal chloride secretion. The chloride channel-blocking anti-diarrheal drug, Crofelemer, dose-dependently inhibited agonist-mediated fluid secretion. MVID enteroids exhibited altered differentiation and maturation versus healthy enteroids. Inhibition of Notch signaling with the γ-secretase inhibitor, DAPT, recovered apical brush border structure and functional Na + /H + exchange activity in MVID enteroids. Transcriptomic analysis revealed potential pathways involved in the rescue of MVID cells including serum- and glucocorticoid-induced protein kinase 2 (SGK2), and NHE regulatory factor 3 (NHERF3). These results demonstrate the utility of patient-derived enteroids for developing therapeutic approaches to MVID. Conflict-of-interest statement The authors have declared that no conflict of interest exists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meri Kalashyan
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Boston Children’s Hospital; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Krishnan Raghunathan
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Boston Children’s Hospital; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Haley Oller
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Boston Children’s Hospital; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Marie-Bayer Theres
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Boston Children’s Hospital; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Lissette Jimenez
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Boston Children’s Hospital; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
- Congenital Enteropathy Program, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA
- PediCoDE Consortium
| | - Joseph T. Roland
- Section of Surgical Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
- Epithelial Biology Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Elena Kolobova
- Section of Surgical Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
- Epithelial Biology Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Susan J Hagen
- Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical Sciences, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Jeffrey D. Goldsmith
- Department of Pathology, Boston Children’s Hospital; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
- PediCoDE Consortium
| | - Mitchell D. Shub
- Department of Child Health University of Arizona College of Medicine-Phoenix and Division of Gastroenterology, Phoenix Children’s
| | - James R. Goldenring
- Section of Surgical Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
- Epithelial Biology Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
- Nashville VA Medical Center, Nashville, TN
- PediCoDE Consortium
| | - Izumi Kaji
- Section of Surgical Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
- Epithelial Biology Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
- PediCoDE Consortium
| | - Jay R. Thiagarajah
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Boston Children’s Hospital; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
- Congenital Enteropathy Program, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA
- Harvard Digestive Disease Center, Boston MA
- PediCoDE Consortium
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