Association of sociodemographic and clinical factors with spirituality and hope for cure of ostomized people

Sociodemographic and clinical characteristics of people with ostomy and the adaptive domains of Roy's theory: A cross-sectional study

INTRODUCTION

The adaptation of people with ostomies may be associated with and affected by sociodemographic and clinical factors. The present study aimed to investigate the association between the sociodemographic and clinical characteristics and the adaptation of people with an intestinal stoma.

METHOD

An analytical study, carried out through an interview with 200 patients with ostomy for five months. For that, it was applied to scale for the level of adaptation of ostomy patients to measure the physiological domains, self-concept, role function and interdependence and a questionnaire was used in which sociodemographic and clinical information. Descriptive and multivariate analyses were performed to test the study hypothesis.

RESULTS

The study pointed out statistically significant associations with male sex, age group below 60, low education level, Stoma time less than one year, below one minimum wage, temporary permanence criteria and presence of complications relation to low scores of adaptation.

CONCLUSIONS

The association of sociodemographic and clinical factors with the measured adaptive modes provides important information for the planning of nursing care and other care providers, since it directs actions to the aspects that give greater adaptive difficulty to people with stomas and which are the focus of care nursing to this clientele.

Improving the Hope and Happiness of Patients With an Ostomy: Effects of Group Cognitive Therapy

PURPOSE

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of group cognitive therapy (GCT) on hope and happiness in patients with ostomy.

DESIGN

A single-group before-after study.

SUBJECTS AND SETTING

The sample comprised 30 patients living with an ostomy for at least 30 days. Their mean age was 64.5 (SD 10.5) years; most were male (66.7%, n = 20).

METHODS

The study setting was a large ostomy care center in the city of Kerman, located in southeastern Iran. The intervention was 12 GCT sessions, each lasted 90 minutes. Data were collected before and 1 month after GCT sessions using a questionnaire designed for purposes of this study. The questionnaire queried demographic and pertinent clinical data, and incorporated 2 validated instruments: the Miller Hope Scale and the Oxford Happiness Inventory.

RESULTS

The mean pretest score on the Miller Hope Scale was 121.9 (SD 16.7) and the mean score on the Oxford Happiness Scale was 31.9 (SD 7.8); posttest mean scores were 180.4 (SD 12.1) and 53.4 (SD 8.3), respectively. Scores on both instruments significantly increased in patients living with an ostomy following 3 GCT sessions (P = .0001).

CONCLUSION

Findings suggest that GCT enhances hope and happiness in persons living with an ostomy.

Association of sociodemographic and clinical factors with self-image, self-esteem and locus of health control in patients with an intestinal stoma

Objective To evaluate the sociodemographic and clinical factors related to patients with an intestinal stoma and to correlate them with locus of health control, self-esteem and self-image.

Method 44 patients with an intestinal stoma participated in the study. The following instruments were used: Scale for Locus of Health Control, Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale/UNIFESP-EPM and Body Investment Scale.

Results With regard to Locus Health Control variables, sociodemographic variables with alterations were: unemployed (28.13); retirees (27.79); age up to 50 years (28.44); and singles (27.89). Regarding Body Investment Scale, the sociodemographic variables with alterations were: age up to 50 years (21.79); single (19.15) or married (17.53); retired (18.79) or unemployed (19.83); and can read and write (20.13). Regarding Rosenberg-EPM Self-esteem Scale, all sociodemographic variables were altered.

Conclusions Ostomized patients presented alterations in the following variables: unemployed, retired, aged up to 50 years and unmarried. There were also alterations in individuals whose cause of the stoma was neoplasia, a temporary stoma, stoma time <4 years, and ostomized non-participants of an association or support group, and who also did not practice physical activities. We conclude from these findings that ostomized individuals who participated in the study and who were included in these variables showed negative feelings about their body and believed that only they could control their health and that the people involved in their care and rehabilitation did not could contribute to their improvement.

[Spirituality/religiousity measurement and health in Brazil: a systematic review]

Spirituality/religiousness has been regarded as an important dimension for health studies and services. The present study consists of a systematic review on health and spirituality/religiousness, specifically, instruments for its measurement. In order to do so, we searched for papers using the keywords "scales spirituality religiousness" and "scales spirituality religiousness and health" in CAPES, DOAJ, Lilacs, Pubmed, Scielo and Web of Science, from 2000 to 2017. The search returned 500 studies, from which 35 were selected, considering their originality, availability, language (English or Portuguese), and description of scales for measuring spirituality/religiousness and adapted for the Brazilian culture. From such papers, 16 instruments were identified; the instruments with most studies were the WHOQOL-100 (as well as its reduced version and the SRPB module), the Spiritual Well-Being Scale and the RCOPE scale. We conclude that studies on this field are scarce, for, although many instruments are described, the continuity of their validation is poor.

The impact of decongestive physical therapy and elastic bandaging on the control of pain in patients with venous ulcers

OBJECTIVE

to evaluate pain in individuals with venous ulcers treated with elastic bandage and decongestant physical therapy.

METHODS

we studied 90 patients, divided into three groups with 30 patients each: a group treated with elastic bandage and decongestant physical therapy; a group treated with elastic bandage; and a group treated only with primary dressing according to tissue type and presence of exudate. We used the Pain Numerical Scale to quantify pain intensity and the McGill Pain Questionnaire for pain qualitative assessment.

RESULTS

in the first evaluation, all patients who participated in the study reported intense pain. In the fifth evaluation, the majority of patients treated with elastic bandaging and decongestant physical therapy did not report pain; the majority of patients in the elastic bandage group reported mild pain; and most patients treated only with primary dressing reported mild to moderate pain. During all five assessments using the McGill questionnaire, most patients in the elastic bandaging and primary dressing groups used descriptors of the sensory, affective, evaluative and miscellaneous groups to describe their pain. However, in the fourth and fifth evaluations, most patients who received decongestant physical therapy combined with elastic bandaging treatment did not use any of the descriptors.

CONCLUSION

patients treated with decongestant physical therapy and elastic bandage presented pain improvement from the third evaluation performed on.

Distúrbio na imagem corporal: diagnóstico de enfermagem e características definidoras em pessoas ostomizadas

Objetivo: identificar en la literatura las características definidoras del diagnóstico de enfermería disturbio en la imagen corporal en estudios desarrollados con personas ostomizadas. Métodos: se trata de una investigación bibliográfica, en la modalidad revisión integradora de la literatura, descriptiva y con enfoque cualitativo, realizada en noviembre del 2015, en las bases de datos Literatura Latinoamericana y del Caribe en Ciencias de la Salud, Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online, Índice Bibliográfico Español de Ciencias de la Salud, PubMed Central, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, Web of Science y SciVerse Scopus. El análisis se llevó a cabo por medio de consulta a la taxonomía NANDA-I, con la que se buscó identificar las características definidoras del diagnóstico en cuestión. Resultados: la muestra fue de 43 publicaciones, en las que se identificaron 14 de las 37 características definidoras que componen el diagnóstico estudiado. Conclusiones: los estudios señalan relaciones entre el disturbio en la imagen corporal y alteraciones en la sexualidad, restricciones sociales, cambios en el estilo de vida y calidad de vida.