Quality of Life (QoL) Among Ostomized Patients – a cross-sectional study using Stoma-care QoL questionnaire about the influence of some clinical and demographic data on patients’ QoL

LIVING WITH AN INTESTINAL OSTOMY AND URINARY INCONTINENCE

ABSTRACT Objective: to understand how aged people with intestinal ostomies experience this situation together with urinary incontinence. Method: a qualitative, descriptive and exploratory research study, developed with 77 aged individuals with intestinal ostomies assisted by the Unified Health System, in four municipalities from the Metropolitan Region of Florianópolis. Data collection was conducted using semi-structured interviews from October 2019 to February 2020. The theoretical framework used was Dorothéa Orem's Self-Care Theory and the data were submitted to content analysis, in its thematic modality. Results: the analysis allowed generating three thematic categories: 1) Feelings generated by the intestinal ostomy and urinary incontinence: acceptance, denial, fear, insecurity, constraints experienced due to the ostomy and to the urinary incontinence symptoms; 2) Lifestyle changes; and 3) Deficit in self-image. Conclusion: it was evidenced that, for most of the research participants, it is difficult to accept the experience of living with an intestinal ostomy and urinary incontinence, which generally produce negative feelings. However, the participants proved to be resilient and able to adapt to the changes in lifestyle. Many of these behaviors are due to the health professionals' important contribution in providing them the necessary attention, encouraging self-care strategies in both situations.

CONVIVENDO COM ESTOMIA INTESTINAL E A INCONTINÊNCIA URINÁRIA

RESUMO Objetivo: compreender como o idoso com estomia intestinal vivencia essa situação em conjunto com a incontinência urinária. Método: pesquisa qualitativa, descritiva e exploratória, desenvolvida junto a 77 idosos com estomia intestinal atendidos pelo Sistema Único de Saúde, em quatro municípios da Região Metropolitana de Florianópolis. A coleta de dados foi realizada de outubro/2019 a fevereiro/2020, por meio de entrevista semiestruturada. O referencial teórico utilizado foi a Teoria de Autocuidado de Dorothéa Orem; os dados foram submetidos à análise de conteúdo, na modalidade temática. Resultados: a análise permitiu a geração de três categorias temáticas: 1) sentimentos gerados pela estomia intestinal e pela incontinência urinária: aceitação, negação, medo, insegurança, constrangimentos vivenciados pela estomia e os sintomas da incontinência urinária; 2) alterações do estilo de vida; 3) déficit na autoimagem. Conclusão: evidenciou-se que para a maioria dos participantes da pesquisa é difícil aceitar a vivência com estomia intestinal e incontinência urinária, que geralmente lhes provocam sentimentos negativos. No entanto, os participantes mostraram-se resilientes e aptos a se adaptar às mudanças no estilo de vida. Muitos desses comportamentos se devem à importante contribuição dos profissionais da saúde em dar-lhes a necessária atenção, estimulando estratégias de autocuidado em ambas as situações.

INDICADORES SOCIODEMOGRÁFICOS E DE SANEAMENTO E MORADIA NA QUALIDADE DE VIDA DE PESSOAS COM ESTOMIA

Objetivo:Analisar as relações entre a qualidade de vida (QV) de pessoas com estomia com indicadores sociodemográficos, clínicos, de estilo de vida, de saneamento e moradia. Métodos: Estudo transversal com amostra de 106 indivíduos com estomia entrevistados de maio a dezembro de 2019. Utilizou-se um questionário sociodemográfico e clínico e o City of Hope - Quality of Life - Ostomy Questionnary. Resultados: O bem-estar espiritual (7,71±1,09) foi o domínio com melhor performance. A QV não diferiu entre homens e mulheres (p = 0,372), porém esteve associada à escolaridade (< 0,001) e renda familiar (p = 0,025), ao diabetes (p = 0,008) e etilismo (p = 0,044), às condições da água para consumo (p < 0,001), ao destino do lixo (p = 0,021), em ter energia elétrica (p = 0,034), ao tipo de moradia (p = 0,026) e ao número de cômodos (p = 0,023) e tipo de cobertura da habitação (p = 0,021). Conclusão: Piores indicadores socioeconômicos, de saneamento básico e moradia, parecem impactar negativamente a QV de pessoas com estomias.

SOCIODEMOGRAPHIC AND SANITATION AND HOUSING INDICATORS ON THE QUALITY OF LIFE OF PEOPLE WITH STOMA

Objectives: To analyze the relationships between the quality of life (QOL) of people with stoma with sociodemographic, clinical, lifestyle, sanitation, and housing indicators. Method: Cross-sectional study with a sample of 106 individuals with stoma interviewed from May to December 2019. A sociodemographic and clinical questionnaire and the City of Hope Quality of Life Ostomy Questionnaire were used. Results: Spiritual well-being (7.71 +/-1.09) was the best performing domain. Quality of life did not differ between men and women (p = 0.372), but was associated with education (< 0.001) and family income (p = 0.025), diabetes (p = 0.008) and alcoholism (p = 0.044), drinking water conditions (p < 0.001), garbage disposal (p = 0.021), having electricity (p = 0.034), housing type (p = 0.026), number of rooms (p = 0.023), and housing coverage (p = 0.021). Conclusion: worse socioeconomic, sanitation, and housing indicators appear to negatively impact the QOL of people with stomata.

Factors Associated With Quality of Life Among People Living With a Stoma in Nonmetropolitan Areas

Background

Interruption of gastrointestinal continuity through surgical formation of a stoma can be lifesaving. However, it is also typically associated with reduced quality of life (QoL). Although past research has investigated QoL among people living with a stoma, no known studies have investigated stoma-related QoL, specifically among nonmetropolitan residents who may experience distinct health issues compared with their metropolitan counterparts.

Objectives

The aim of the study was to investigate the level of and factors associated with QoL among people living with a stoma in nonmetropolitan Australia.

Methods

In a cross-sectional survey, 678 adults with colostomy, ileostomy, and/or urostomy and with membership in a regional Victorian stoma association were given the City of Hope Quality of Life Questionnaire for a Patient With an Ostomy (QOL-O). Total QoL score was calculated and described before categorization into quintiles. Patient factors associated with quintiles of QoL were assessed using univariable and multivariable proportional odds ordinal logistic regression, with a 95% confidence interval excluding 1.00 denoting statistical significance.

Results

Overall, 311 regional ostomy association members (46%) responded to any QOL-O questions; 285 members responded to >80% of QOL-O questions and contributed data to the study. Their median age was 73 years, and 60% were male. The median total QoL score was 6.9 on a scale of 0–10, where a higher number indicates better QoL. Factors independently associated with better QoL in the multivariable model were working full/part time, no poststoma clothing change, poststoma sexual activity, and older age. Factors independently associated with worse QoL were poststoma depression and a stoma location issue.

Discussion

People living with a stoma in nonmetropolitan Australia reported moderate-to-high QoL. Better QoL was identified in those who worked, had no poststoma clothing change, were sexually active poststoma, and were older. Worse QoL was seen in those who had poststoma depression and stoma location issues. Healthcare providers could influence stoma-related QoL by identifying risk factors and tailoring interventions toward individuals in nonmetropolitan settings.