1
|
Water-Soluble Polymer Assists N-Methyl-D-Aspartic Acid Receptor 2B siRNA Delivery to Relieve Chronic Inflammatory Pain In Vitro and In Vivo. Pain Res Manag 2018; 2018:7436060. [PMID: 29623145 PMCID: PMC5829431 DOI: 10.1155/2018/7436060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2017] [Revised: 09/03/2017] [Accepted: 10/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
We constructed a water-soluble lipopolymer (WSLP) as a nonviral gene carrier to deliver siRNA targeting NR2B. The cytotoxicity and serum stability of WSLP loaded with siRNA were evaluated, and the knockdown efficiency of WSLP/NR2B-siRNA in PC12 cells was examined. The results showed that WSLP could protect the loading siRNAs from enzymatic degradation in serum and exhibit low cytotoxicity to cells. After transfection, WSLP/NR2B-siRNA complexes reduced the NR2B transcriptional level by 50% and protein level by 55% compared to control siRNA. Moreover, 3 days after intrathecal injection of WSLP/NR2B-siRNA complexes into rats, the NR2B protein expression decreased significantly to 58%, compared to control treatment (p < 0.01). Injection of WSLP with scrambled siRNA or of polyethylenimine (PEI) with NR2B-siRNA did not show this inhibitory effect. Additionally, injection of WSLP/NR2B-siRNA complexes significantly relieved inflammatory pain in rats at 3, 4, and 5 days with reduced MWT and decreased TWL scores, while injection of WSLP with scrambled siRNA or of PEI with NR2B-siRNA did not. These results demonstrated that WSLP can efficiently deliver siRNA targeting NR2B to PC12 cells and relieve pain in rats with chronic inflammatory pain.
Collapse
|
2
|
Modra K, Dai S, Zhang H, Shi B, Bi J. Polycation-mediated gene delivery: Challenges and considerations for the process of plasmid DNA transfection. Eng Life Sci 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/elsc.201400043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Karl Modra
- School of Chemical Engineering; The University of Adelaide; Adelaide South Australia Australia
| | - Sheng Dai
- School of Chemical Engineering; The University of Adelaide; Adelaide South Australia Australia
| | - Hu Zhang
- School of Chemical Engineering; The University of Adelaide; Adelaide South Australia Australia
| | - Bingyang Shi
- School of Chemical Engineering; The University of Adelaide; Adelaide South Australia Australia
| | - Jingxiu Bi
- School of Chemical Engineering; The University of Adelaide; Adelaide South Australia Australia
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Yi WJ, Yu XC, Wang B, Zhang J, Yu QY, Zhou XD, Yu XQ. TACN-based oligomers with aromatic backbones for efficient nucleic acid delivery. Chem Commun (Camb) 2014; 50:6454-7. [DOI: 10.1039/c4cc01210k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Oligomers with an aromatic backbone showed highly improved gene transfection efficiency compared to 25 kDa PEI.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Jing Yi
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology (Ministry of Education)
- College of Chemistry
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu 610064, PR China
| | - Xing-Chi Yu
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology (Ministry of Education)
- College of Chemistry
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu 610064, PR China
| | - Bing Wang
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology (Ministry of Education)
- College of Chemistry
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu 610064, PR China
| | - Ji Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology (Ministry of Education)
- College of Chemistry
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu 610064, PR China
| | - Qing-Ying Yu
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology (Ministry of Education)
- College of Chemistry
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu 610064, PR China
| | - Xue-Dong Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu 610041, PR China
| | - Xiao-Qi Yu
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology (Ministry of Education)
- College of Chemistry
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu 610064, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Won YW, Lee M, Kim HA, Bull DA, Kim SW. Post-translational regulated and hypoxia-responsible VEGF plasmid for efficient secretion. J Control Release 2012; 160:525-31. [PMID: 22450332 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2012.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2012] [Revised: 03/08/2012] [Accepted: 03/11/2012] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Gene therapy using angiogenic genes has emerged as a potentially viable alternative treatment strategy for myocardial ischemia. Non-specific expression of angiogenic genes, however, may result in side effects, including the growth of occult tumors. Regulation of gene expression may help to avoid the occurrence of these side effects. In this study, a plasmid expressing vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) was constructed with an oxygen dependent degradation (ODD) domain and a secretion signal peptide (SP) in order to stabilize the VEGF protein and facilitate the secretion of VEGF protein, specifically under hypoxic conditions. We found that this plasmid, pβ-SP-ODD-VEGF, expresses the SP-ODD-VEGF protein at increased levels under hypoxic conditions compared to normoxic conditions. Since the size of the ODD domain is almost the same as that of VEGF, the ODD-VEGF fusion protein may have lower secretion efficiency. To address this issue, a furin recognition site was located between the ODD domain and the VEGF site to facilitate elimination of the SP-ODD domain from the fusion protein before its secretion. This optimizes the likelihood that the VEGF secreted from the target cells will be wild-type VEGF. Treatment with a furin inhibitor reduced the secretion efficiency of the VEGF, indicating that furin digestion increases the secretion of VEGF. The secreted wild-type VEGF facilitated the growth of endothelial cells more efficiently under hypoxic conditions than normoxic conditions. These results suggest that this plasmid, pβ-SP-ODD-VEGF, warrants further study as a more efficient form of hypoxia-inducible gene therapy for the treatment of myocardial ischemia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Young-Wook Won
- Center for Controlled Chemical Delivery, Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
5
|
Salva E, Turan SO, Akbuğa J. Increased in vitro Cell Proliferation by Chitosan/pGM-CSF Complexes. Indian J Pharm Sci 2012; 73:131-8. [PMID: 22303054 PMCID: PMC3267295 DOI: 10.4103/0250-474x.91569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2011] [Revised: 03/12/2011] [Accepted: 03/20/2011] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Granulocyte macrophage colony stimulating factor, a potent hematopoietic cytokine, has been shown to stimulate production of white blood cells following chemotherapy. Therefore, the granulocyte macrophage colony stimulating factor gene is a potential candidate for the treatment of different pathological conditions. The purpose of this study is to investigate the suitability of chitosan as carrier for pORF-hGMCSF plasmid encoding granulocyte macrophage colony stimulating factor gene and also to study the effect of complexes on protein production and cell proliferation. Chitosan/pGM-CSF complexes were prepared using different (+/-) ratios (from 0.01/1 to 5/1). Complex formation was checked with agarose gel electrophoresis. The size and zeta potential values were measured. Enzyme and serum stability of complexes were studied. In vitro transfection properties of complexes were studied in HeLa cells. According to agarose gel electrophoresis, full complexation was obtained at 0.1/1 and higher chitosan/pGM-CSF ratios. Complexes having about 132 nm size and +13.7 mV zeta potential value were obtained. Chitosan complexes protected plasmid against enzymatic and serum effects. The gene expression-dependent cell proliferation after transfection of chitosan/pGM-CSF complexes at 72 h was markedly increased in comparision with the level of control group. These results indicate that the effect of chitosan/pGM-CSF complexes on cell proliferation was changed with N/P ratio and time-dependently. For GM-CSF therapy, chitosan/pGM-CSF complexes may be used as alternative to conventional protein treatments. Chitosan may be a good carrier for pORF-hGMCSF. Further, in vivo study is ongoing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- E Salva
- Pathology Laboratory, Vocational Health School, Marmara University, Tibbiye Street, Haydarpasa Campuss, 34668, Istanbul, Turkey
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
6
|
Sun X, Liu C, Liu D, Li P, Zhang N. Novel biomimetic vectors with endosomal-escape agent enhancing gene transfection efficiency. Int J Pharm 2012; 425:62-72. [PMID: 22266532 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2012.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2011] [Revised: 12/23/2011] [Accepted: 01/07/2012] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Low cytotoxicity and high transfection efficiency are critical issues in designing current non-viral gene delivery vectors. In the present study, a novel biomimetic lipid-polycation copolymer, 1,2-dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine-graft-poly(l-lysine)-block-poly(ethylene glycol) (DOPE-g-PLL-b-PEG) was first synthesized and the potential of this novel hybrid lipid-polycation as efficient gene vector was further evaluated. DOPE-g-PLL-b-PEG and DNA could self-assemble into lipid modified polyion complex micelles (LPCM) through electrostatic interactions. Compared with PEG-b-PLL/DNA polyion complex micelles (PIC), LPCM could protect DNA from plasma, nuclease degradation in vitro and showed lower cytotoxicity to HepG2 and HeLa cells (P<0.05). The results of transfection study in vitro indicated that LPCM exhibited higher gene expression than PIC. Especially, the corresponding LPCM displayed the highest transfection efficiency in HeLa cells (P<0.05) when DOPE grafting ratio reached up to 30%. These results suggested that LPCM could facilitate gene transfer in cultured cells and might alleviate the drawbacks of the conventional cationic vector/DNA complexes. As a novel hybrid lipid-polycation, DOPE-g-PLL-b-PEG was valuable to be evaluated for its further application as gene carrier in vivo.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoli Sun
- The School of Pharmaceutical Science, Shandong University, 44 Wenhua Xi Road, Ji'nan, Shandong Province 250012, China
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
How to screen non-viral gene delivery systems in vitro? J Control Release 2011; 154:218-32. [PMID: 21600249 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2011.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2010] [Revised: 03/31/2011] [Accepted: 05/01/2011] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Screening of new gene delivery candidates regarding transfection efficiency and toxicity is usually performed by reading out transgene expression levels relative to a reference formulation after in vitro transfection. However, over the years and among different laboratories, this screening has been performed in a variety of cell lines, using a variety of conditions and read-out systems, and by comparison to a variety of reference formulations. This makes a direct comparison of results difficult, if not impossible. Reaching a consensus would enable placing new results into context of previous findings and estimate the overall contribution to the improvement of non-viral gene delivery. In this paper we illustrate the sensitivity of transfection outcomes on testing conditions chosen, and propose a screening protocol with the aim of standardization within the field.
Collapse
|
8
|
Pérez-Martínez FC, Guerra J, Posadas I, Ceña V. Barriers to non-viral vector-mediated gene delivery in the nervous system. Pharm Res 2011; 28:1843-58. [PMID: 21225319 PMCID: PMC3130907 DOI: 10.1007/s11095-010-0364-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2010] [Accepted: 12/27/2010] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Efficient methods for cell line transfection are well described, but, for primary neurons, a high-yield method different from those relying on viral vectors is lacking. Viral transfection has several drawbacks, such as the complexity of vector preparation, safety concerns, and the generation of immune and inflammatory responses when used in vivo. However, one of the main problems for the use of non-viral gene vectors for neuronal transfection is their low efficiency when compared with viral vectors. Transgene expression, or siRNA delivery mediated by non-viral vectors, is the result of multiple processes related to cellular membrane crossing, intracellular traffic, and/or nuclear delivery of the genetic material cargo. This review will deal with the barriers that different nanoparticles (cationic lipids, polyethyleneimine, dendrimers and carbon nanotubes) must overcome to efficiently deliver their cargo to central nervous system cells, including internalization into the neurons, interaction with intracellular organelles such as lysosomes, and transport across the nuclear membrane of the neuron in the case of DNA transfection. Furthermore, when used in vivo, the nanoparticles should efficiently cross the blood-brain barrier to reach the target cells in the brain.
Collapse
|
9
|
Posadas I, Guerra FJ, Ceña V. Nonviral vectors for the delivery of small interfering RNAs to the CNS. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2010; 5:1219-36. [DOI: 10.2217/nnm.10.105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
While efficient methods for cell line transfection are well described, for primary neurons a high-yield method different from those relying on viral vectors is lacking. Viral vector-based primary neuronal infection has several drawbacks, including complexity of vector preparation, safety concerns and the generation of immune and inflammatory responses, when used in vivo. This article will cover the different approaches that are being used to efficiently deliver genetic material (both DNA and small interfering RNA) to neuronal tissue using nonviral vectors, including the use of cationic lipids, polyethylenimine derivatives, dendrimers, carbon nanotubes and the combination of carbon-made nanoparticles with dendrimers. The effectiveness, both in vivo and in vitro, of the different methods to deliver genetic material to neural tissue is discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Inmaculada Posadas
- Unidad Asociada Neurodeath, CSIC-Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha. Departamento de Ciencias Médicas. Albacete, Spain Unidad Asociada Neurodeath, Facultad de Medicina, Avda. Almansa, 14, 02006 Albacete, Spain
- CIBERNED, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain
- CIBER-BBN, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain
| | - Francisco Javier Guerra
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Orgánica y Bioquímica, Facultad de Química-IRICA, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Ciudad Real, Spain
- NanoDrugs, S.L. Parque Científico y Tecnológico, Albacete, Spain
| | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Schäfer J, Höbel S, Bakowsky U, Aigner A. Liposome–polyethylenimine complexes for enhanced DNA and siRNA delivery. Biomaterials 2010; 31:6892-900. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2010.05.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 138] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2010] [Accepted: 05/19/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
|
11
|
Kim HA, Mahato RI, Lee M. Hypoxia-specific gene expression for ischemic disease gene therapy. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2009; 61:614-22. [PMID: 19394379 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2009.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2008] [Accepted: 04/04/2009] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Gene therapy for ischemic diseases has been developed with various growth factors and anti-apoptotic genes. However, non-specific expression of therapeutic genes may induce deleterious side effects such as tumor formation. Hypoxia-specific regulatory systems can be used to regulate transgene expression in hypoxic tissues, in which gene expression is induced in ischemic tissues, but reduced in normal tissues by transcriptional, translational or post-translational regulation. Since hypoxia-inducible factor 1 (HIF-1) activates transcription of genes in hypoxic tissues, it can play an important role in the prevention of myocardial and cerebral ischemia. Hypoxia-specific promoters including HIF-1 binding sites have been used for transcriptional regulation of therapeutic genes. Also, hypoxia-specific untranslated regions (UTRs) and oxygen dependent degradation (ODD) domains have been investigated for translational and post-translational regulations, respectively. Hypoxia-specific gene expression systems have been applied to various ischemic disease models, including ischemic myocardium, stroke, and injured spinal cord. This review examines the current status and future challenges of hypoxia-specific systems for safe and effective gene therapy of ischemic diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Ah Kim
- Department of Bioengineering, College of Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul 133-791, Republic of Korea
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Kim NK, Choi BH, Huang X, Snyder BJ, Bukhari S, Kong TH, Park H, Park HC, Park SR, Ha Y. Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor promotes survival of dopaminergic neurons in the 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine-induced murine Parkinson’s disease model. Eur J Neurosci 2009; 29:891-900. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1460-9568.2009.06653.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
|