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Liang M, Li LD, Li L, Li S. Nanotechnology in diagnosis and therapy of gastrointestinal cancer. World J Clin Cases 2022; 10:5146-5155. [PMID: 35812681 PMCID: PMC9210884 DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v10.i16.5146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Revised: 01/07/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Advances in nanotechnology have opened new frontiers in the diagnosis and treatment of cancer. Nanoparticle-based technology improves the precision of tumor diagnosis when combined with imaging, as well as the accuracy of drug target delivery, with fewer side effects. Optimized nanosystems have demonstrated advantages in many fields, including enhanced specificity of detection, reduced toxicity of drugs, enhanced effect of contrast agents, and advanced diagnosis and therapy of gastrointestinal (GI) cancers. In this review, we summarize the current nanotechnologies in diagnosis and treatment of GI cancers. The development of nanotechnology will lead to personalized approaches for early diagnosis and treatment of GI cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Liang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Union Shenzhen Hospital, The sixth Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen 518053, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Li-Dan Li
- National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Shenzhen Third People's Hospital, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518112, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Liang Li
- Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518059, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Shuo Li
- Department of Otolaryngology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Union Shenzhen Hospital, The sixth Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen 518053, Guangdong Province, China
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Wang Q, Zhu X, Wu Z, Sun T, Huang W, Wang Z, Ding X, Jiang C, Li F. Theranostic nanoparticles enabling the release of phosphorylated gemcitabine for advanced pancreatic cancer therapy. J Mater Chem B 2021; 8:2410-2417. [PMID: 32100811 DOI: 10.1039/d0tb00017e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Gemcitabine (GEM) has been the recommended first-line drug for patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma cancer (PDAC) for the last twenty years. However, GEM-based treatment has failed in many patients because of the drug resistance acquired during tumorigenesis and development. To override resistance to GEM in pancreatic cancer, we developed a visualisable, photothermally controlled, drug release nanosystem (VPNS). This nanosystem has NaLuF4:Nd@NaLuF4 nanoparticles as the luminescent core, octabutoxyphthalocyanine palladium(ii) (PdPc) as the photothermal agent, and phosphorylated gemcitabine (pGEM) as the chemodrug. pGEM, one of the active forms of GEM, can circumvent the insufficient activation of GEM in cancer cell metabolism. The NaLuF4:Nd@NaLuF4 nanoparticles were employed to visualise the tumor lesion in vivo by their near-infrared luminescence. The near-infrared light-triggered photothermal effect from PdPc could trigger the release of pGEM loaded in a thermally responsive ligand and simultaneously enable photothermal cancer treatment. This work presents an effective method that suppresses the growth of tumour cells with dual-mode treatment and enables the improved treatment of orthotopic nude mice afflicted with pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingbing Wang
- Department of Interventional Radiology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197, Rui Jin Er Road, Shanghai 200025, China and Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, 220 Handan Road, Shanghai 200433, China.
| | - Xingjun Zhu
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, 220 Handan Road, Shanghai 200433, China.
| | - Zhiyuan Wu
- Department of Interventional Radiology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197, Rui Jin Er Road, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Tao Sun
- Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery, Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Research Center on Aging and Medicine, Fudan University, 826 Zhangheng Road, Shanghai 201203, China.
| | - Wei Huang
- Department of Interventional Radiology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197, Rui Jin Er Road, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Zhongmin Wang
- Department of Interventional Radiology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197, Rui Jin Er Road, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Xiaoyi Ding
- Department of Interventional Radiology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197, Rui Jin Er Road, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Chen Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery, Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Research Center on Aging and Medicine, Fudan University, 826 Zhangheng Road, Shanghai 201203, China.
| | - Fuyou Li
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, 220 Handan Road, Shanghai 200433, China.
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Di Francia R, Crisci S, De Monaco A, Cafiero C, Re A, Iaccarino G, De Filippi R, Frigeri F, Corazzelli G, Micera A, Pinto A. Response and Toxicity to Cytarabine Therapy in Leukemia and Lymphoma: From Dose Puzzle to Pharmacogenomic Biomarkers. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13050966. [PMID: 33669053 PMCID: PMC7956511 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13050966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2021] [Revised: 02/18/2021] [Accepted: 02/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary In this review, the authors propose a crosswise examination of cytarabine-related issues ranging from the spectrum of clinical activity and severe toxicities, through updated cellular pharmacology and drug formulations, to the genetic variants associated with drug-induced phenotypes. Cytarabine (cytosine arabinoside; Ara-C) in multiagent chemotherapy regimens is often used for leukemia or lymphoma treatments, as well as neoplastic meningitis. Chemotherapy regimens can induce a suboptimal clinical outcome in a fraction of patients. The individual variability in clinical response to Leukemia & Lymphoma treatments among patients appears to be associated with intracellular accumulation of Ara-CTP due to genetic variants related to metabolic enzymes. The review provides exhaustive information on the effects of Ara-C-based therapies, the adverse drug reaction will also be provided including bone pain, ocular toxicity (corneal pain, keratoconjunctivitis, and blurred vision), maculopapular rash, and occasional chest pain. Evidence for predicting the response to cytarabine-based treatments will be highlighted, pointing at their significant impact on the routine management of blood cancers. Abstract Cytarabine is a pyrimidine nucleoside analog, commonly used in multiagent chemotherapy regimens for the treatment of leukemia and lymphoma, as well as for neoplastic meningitis. Ara-C-based chemotherapy regimens can induce a suboptimal clinical outcome in a fraction of patients. Several studies suggest that the individual variability in clinical response to Leukemia & Lymphoma treatments among patients, underlying either Ara-C mechanism resistance or toxicity, appears to be associated with the intracellular accumulation and retention of Ara-CTP due to genetic variants related to metabolic enzymes. Herein, we reported (a) the latest Pharmacogenomics biomarkers associated with the response to cytarabine and (b) the new drug formulations with optimized pharmacokinetics. The purpose of this review is to provide readers with detailed and comprehensive information on the effects of Ara-C-based therapies, from biological to clinical practice, maintaining high the interest of both researcher and clinical hematologist. This review could help clinicians in predicting the response to cytarabine-based treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raffaele Di Francia
- Italian Association of Pharmacogenomics and Molecular Diagnostics, 60126 Ancona, Italy;
| | - Stefania Crisci
- Hematology-Oncology and Stem Cell transplantation Unit, National Cancer Institute, Fondazione “G. Pascale” IRCCS, 80131 Naples, Italy; (S.C.); (G.I.); (R.D.F.); (G.C.); (A.P.)
| | - Angela De Monaco
- Clinical Patology, ASL Napoli 2 Nord, “S.M. delle Grazie Hospital”, 80078 Pozzuoli, Italy;
| | - Concetta Cafiero
- Medical Oncology, S.G. Moscati, Statte, 74010 Taranto, Italy
- Correspondence: or (C.C.); (A.M.); Tel.:+39-34-0101-2002 (C.C.); +39-06-4554-1191 (A.M.)
| | - Agnese Re
- Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy;
| | - Giancarla Iaccarino
- Hematology-Oncology and Stem Cell transplantation Unit, National Cancer Institute, Fondazione “G. Pascale” IRCCS, 80131 Naples, Italy; (S.C.); (G.I.); (R.D.F.); (G.C.); (A.P.)
| | - Rosaria De Filippi
- Hematology-Oncology and Stem Cell transplantation Unit, National Cancer Institute, Fondazione “G. Pascale” IRCCS, 80131 Naples, Italy; (S.C.); (G.I.); (R.D.F.); (G.C.); (A.P.)
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Federico II University, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | | | - Gaetano Corazzelli
- Hematology-Oncology and Stem Cell transplantation Unit, National Cancer Institute, Fondazione “G. Pascale” IRCCS, 80131 Naples, Italy; (S.C.); (G.I.); (R.D.F.); (G.C.); (A.P.)
| | - Alessandra Micera
- Research and Development Laboratory for Biochemical, Molecular and Cellular Applications in Ophthalmological Sciences, IRCCS—Fondazione Bietti, 00184 Rome, Italy
- Correspondence: or (C.C.); (A.M.); Tel.:+39-34-0101-2002 (C.C.); +39-06-4554-1191 (A.M.)
| | - Antonio Pinto
- Hematology-Oncology and Stem Cell transplantation Unit, National Cancer Institute, Fondazione “G. Pascale” IRCCS, 80131 Naples, Italy; (S.C.); (G.I.); (R.D.F.); (G.C.); (A.P.)
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Wang Z, Chen J, Little N, Lu J. Self-assembling prodrug nanotherapeutics for synergistic tumor targeted drug delivery. Acta Biomater 2020; 111:20-28. [PMID: 32454086 PMCID: PMC7245299 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2020.05.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2020] [Revised: 04/27/2020] [Accepted: 05/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Self-assembling prodrugs represents a robust and effective nanotherapeutic approach for delivering poorly soluble anticancer drugs. With numerous intrinsic advantages, self-assembling prodrugs possess the maximum drug loading capacity, controlled drug release kinetics, prolonged blood circulation, and preferential tumor accumulation based on the enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) effect. These prodrug conjugates allow for efficient self-assembly into nanodrugs with the potential of encapsulating other therapeutic agents that have different molecular targets, enabling simultaneous temporal-spatial release of drugs for synergistic antitumor efficacy with reduced systemic side effects. The aim of this review is to summarize the recent progress of self-assembling prodrug cancer nanotherapeutics that are made through conjugating therapeutically active agents to Polyethylene glycol, Vitamin E, or drugs with different physicochemical properties via rational design, for synergistic tumor targeted drug delivery. Statement of Significance All current FDA-approved nanomedicines use inert biomaterials as drug delivery carriers. These biomaterials lack any therapeutic potential, contributing not only to the cost, but may also elicit severe unfavorable adverse effects. Despite the reduction in toxicity associated with the payload, these nanotherapeutics have been met with limited clinical success, likely due to the monotherapy regimen. The self-assembling prodrug (SAP) has been emerging as a powerful platform for enhancing efficacy through co-delivering other therapeutic modalities with distinct molecular targets. Herein, we opportunely present a comprehensive review article summarizing three unique approaches of making SAP for synergistic drug delivery: pegylation, vitamin E-derivatization, and drug-drug conjugation. These SAPs may inevitably pave the way for developing more efficacious, clinically translatable, combination cancer nanotherapies.
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Abstract
Current conventional endoscopes have restricted the accuracy of treatment delivery and monitoring. Over the past decade, there have been major developments in nanotechnology and light triggered therapy, potentially allowing a better detection of challenging lesions and targeted treatment of malignancies in the gastrointestinal tract. Theranostics is a developing form of personalized medicine because it combines diagnosis and targeted treatment delivered in one step using advances in nanotechnology. This review describes the light-triggered therapies (including photodynamic, photothermal, and photoimmunotherapies), nanotechnological advances with nanopowder, nanostent, nanogels, and nanoparticles, enhancements brought to endoscopic ultrasound, in addition to experimental endoscopic techniques, combining both enhanced diagnoses and therapies, including a developed prototype of a “smart” multifunctional endoscope for localized colorectal cancer, near-infrared laser endoscope targeting the gastrointestinal stromal tumors, the concept of endocapsule for obscure gastrointestinal bleed, and a proof-of-concept therapeutic capsule using ultrasound-mediated targeted drug delivery. Hence, the following term has been proposed encompassing these technologies: “Theranostic gastrointestinal endoscopy.” Future efforts for integration of these technologies into clinical practice would be directed toward translational and clinical trials translating into a more personalized and interdisciplinary diagnosis and treatment, shorter procedural time, higher precision, higher cost-effectiveness, and less need for repetitive procedures.
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Saxena SK, Maurya VK, Kumar S, Bhatt MLB. Modern Approaches in Nanomedicine for NeuroAIDS and CNS Drug Delivery. Nanobiomedicine (Rij) 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/978-981-32-9898-9_8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
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Peng H, Huang X, Melle A, Karperien M, Pich A. Redox-responsive degradable prodrug nanogels for intracellular drug delivery by crosslinking of amine-functionalized poly(N-vinylpyrrolidone) copolymers. J Colloid Interface Sci 2019; 540:612-622. [PMID: 30690386 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2019.01.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2018] [Revised: 01/09/2019] [Accepted: 01/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
HYPOTHESIS Facile approaches for the development of new tailored drug carriers are of high importance for the controlled administration of drugs. Herein we report a method for the synthesis of water-soluble reactive copolymers with well-defined architectures for fabrication of redox-sensitive degradable prodrug nanogels for intracellular drug release. EXPERIMENTS Primary amine-functionalized statistical copolymers were obtained by hydrolysis of poly(N-vinylpyrrolidone-co-N-vinylformamide) copolymers which were synthesized via Reversible Addition-Fragmentation chain-Transfer (RAFT) polymerization. Redox-sensitive degradable nanogels with varying crosslinking densities were synthesized with a redox-sensitive cross-linker. Doxorubicin (DOX) was loaded to form prodrug nanogels (DNG) with hydrodynamic radius from 142 nm to 240 nm. FINDINGS The nanogels demonstrated slower degradation and retarded drug release rate with increased crosslinking density in the presence of 10 mM reduced glutathione (GSH) at 37 °C. The in vitro release studies revealed that maximum 85% DOX was released in 24 h under a reductive environment. Intracellular drug release profiles in HeLa cells indicated that the DOX delivery rate was tunable via varying crosslinking density of the nanogels. Cell viability assay demonstrated that the blank nanogels were biocompatible in wide concentrations up to 0.5 mg/mL while the DOX-loaded nanogels displayed medium antitumor activity with IC50 (half-maximal inhibitory concentration) of 1.80 μg/mL, 2.57 μg/mL, 3.01 μg/mL for DNG5, DNG10 and DNG15 respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Peng
- Functional and Interactive Polymers, Institute of Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Forckenbeckstraße 50, D-52074 Aachen, Germany; DWI-Leibniz Institute for Interactive Materials e.V., Forckenbeckstraße 50, D-52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Xiaobin Huang
- Developmental BioEngineering, MIRA Institute for Biomedical Technology and Technical Medicine, University of Twente, Enschede 7500 AE, the Netherlands
| | - Andrea Melle
- Functional and Interactive Polymers, Institute of Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Forckenbeckstraße 50, D-52074 Aachen, Germany; DWI-Leibniz Institute for Interactive Materials e.V., Forckenbeckstraße 50, D-52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Marcel Karperien
- Developmental BioEngineering, MIRA Institute for Biomedical Technology and Technical Medicine, University of Twente, Enschede 7500 AE, the Netherlands
| | - Andrij Pich
- Functional and Interactive Polymers, Institute of Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Forckenbeckstraße 50, D-52074 Aachen, Germany; DWI-Leibniz Institute for Interactive Materials e.V., Forckenbeckstraße 50, D-52074 Aachen, Germany.
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Abstract
Prominent in the current stage of drug development, antiviral compounds can be efficiently prepared through cycloaddition reactions. The chapter reports the use of classical Diels–Alder and their hetero version for the design and synthesis of compounds that were tested for their antiviral activities against a variety of viruses. Furthermore, 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition reactions of selected 1,3-dipoles, such as azides, nitrones, and nitrile oxides, are reviewed in the light of their application in the preparation of key intermediates for antiviral synthesis. A few examples of [2+2] cycloaddition reactions are also presented. The products obtained from these pericyclic reaction approaches were all tested for their activities in terms of blocking the virus replication, and the relevant biological data are highlighted.
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Wang S, Ha Y, Huang X, Chin B, Sim W, Chen R. A New Strategy for Intestinal Drug Delivery via pH-Responsive and Membrane-Active Nanogels. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2018; 10:36622-36627. [PMID: 30300550 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b15661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Oral administration of hydrophobic and poorly intestinal epithelium-permeable drugs is a significant challenge. Herein, we report a new strategy to overcome this problem by using novel, pH-responsive, and membrane-active nanogels as drug carriers. Prepared by simple physical cross-linking of amphiphilic pseudopeptidic polymers with pH-controlled membrane-activity, the size and hydrophobicity-hydrophilicity balance of the nanogels could be well-tuned. Furthermore, the amphiphilic nanogels could release hydrophobic payloads and destabilize cell membranes at duodenum and jejunum pH 5.0-6.0, which suggests their great potential for intestinal drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiqi Wang
- Department of Chemical Engineering , Imperial College London , South Kensington Campus , London SW7 2AZ , United Kingdom
| | - Youlim Ha
- Department of Chemical Engineering , Imperial College London , South Kensington Campus , London SW7 2AZ , United Kingdom
| | - Xiaozhen Huang
- Department of Chemical Engineering , Imperial College London , South Kensington Campus , London SW7 2AZ , United Kingdom
| | - Benjamin Chin
- Department of Chemical Engineering , Imperial College London , South Kensington Campus , London SW7 2AZ , United Kingdom
| | - Wen Sim
- Department of Chemical Engineering , Imperial College London , South Kensington Campus , London SW7 2AZ , United Kingdom
| | - Rongjun Chen
- Department of Chemical Engineering , Imperial College London , South Kensington Campus , London SW7 2AZ , United Kingdom
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Kaur M, Sudhakar K, Mishra V. Fabrication and biomedical potential of nanogels: An overview. INT J POLYM MATER PO 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/00914037.2018.1445629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Maninderjeet Kaur
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Lovely Institute of Technology (Pharmacy), Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, India
| | - Kalvatala Sudhakar
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Lovely Institute of Technology (Pharmacy), Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, India
| | - Vijay Mishra
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Lovely Institute of Technology (Pharmacy), Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, India
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Abstract
Covalent modification of therapeutic compounds is a clinically proven strategy to devise prodrugs with enhanced treatment efficacies. This prodrug strategy relies on the modified drugs that possess advantageous pharmacokinetic properties and administration routes over their parent drug. Self-assembling prodrugs represent an emerging class of therapeutic agents capable of spontaneously associating into well-defined supramolecular nanostructures in aqueous solutions. The self-assembly of prodrugs expands the functional space of conventional prodrug design, affording a possible pathway to more effective therapies as the assembled nanostructure possesses distinct physicochemical properties and interaction potentials that can be tailored to specific administration routes and disease treatment. In this review, we will discuss the various types of self-assembling prodrugs in development, providing an overview of the methods used to control their structure and function and, ultimately, our perspective on their current and future potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew G Cheetham
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, 1 Jianshe Eastern Road, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan, China
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Surface modulatable nanocapsids for targeting and tracking toward nanotheranostic delivery. Pharm Pat Anal 2017; 5:307-17. [PMID: 27610752 DOI: 10.4155/ppa-2016-0021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Nanoparticle diagnostics and therapeutics (nanotheranostics) have significantly advanced cancer detection and treatment. However, many nanotheranostics are ineffective due to defects in tumor localization and bioavailability. An engineered Hepatitis E Virus (HEV) nanocapsid is a proposed platform for targeted cancer-cell delivery. Self-assembling from HEV capsid subunits, nanocapsids retain the capacity to enter cells and resist proteolytic/acidic conditions, but lack infectious viral elements. The nanocapsid surface was modified for chemical activation to confer tumor-specific targeting and detection, immune-response manipulation and controlled theranostic delivery. Nanotheranostic molecules can be packaged in the hollow nanocapsid shell during in vitro assembly. Complementing the adapted stability and cell-entry characteristics of the HEV capsid, a modified nanocapsid serves as a tunable tumor-targeting platform for nanotheronostic delivery.
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Vasilyeva SV, Shtil AA, Petrova AS, Balakhnin SM, Achigecheva PY, Stetsenko DA, Silnikov VN. Conjugates of phosphorylated zalcitabine and lamivudine with SiO2 nanoparticles: Synthesis by CuAAC click chemistry and preliminary assessment of anti-HIV and antiproliferative activity. Bioorg Med Chem 2017; 25:1696-1702. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2017.01.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2016] [Revised: 01/18/2017] [Accepted: 01/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Yao Y, Xia M, Wang H, Li G, Shen H, Ji G, Meng Q, Xie Y. Preparation and evaluation of chitosan-based nanogels/gels for oral delivery of myricetin. Eur J Pharm Sci 2016; 91:144-53. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2016.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2016] [Revised: 06/06/2016] [Accepted: 06/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Joshi G, Kumar A, Sawant K. Bioavailability enhancement, Caco-2 cells uptake and intestinal transport of orally administered lopinavir-loaded PLGA nanoparticles. Drug Deliv 2016; 23:3492-3504. [PMID: 27297453 DOI: 10.1080/10717544.2016.1199605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Nanoparticles (NPs) can be absorbed via M cells of Peyer's patches after oral delivery leading to passive lymphatic targeting followed by systemic drug delivery. Hence, the study was aimed to formulate PLGA NPs of lopinavir. The NPs were prepared by nanoprecipitation, optimized by 33 factorial design and characterized by TEM, DSC, FTIR studies and safety was assessed by MTT assay. In vivo pharmacokinetic studies were performed in rats. The NPs were discrete spherical structures having particle size of 142.1 ± 2.13 nm and entrapment of 93.03 ± 1.27%. There was absence of drug-polymer interaction. Confocal images revealed the penetration and absorption of coumarin-loaded NPs in Caco-2 cells and intestine after oral delivery. There was 3.04 folds permeability and 13.9 folds bioavailability enhancement from NPs. The NPs can be promising delivery system for antiretroviral drug by delivering the drug to lymph (major HIV reservoir site) via direct absorption through intestine before reaching systemic circulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Garima Joshi
- a Pharmacy Department, TIFAC Centre of Relevance and Excellence in NDDS, Centre for PG Studies and Research, M S University of Baroda , Vadodara , Gujarat , India
| | - Abhinesh Kumar
- a Pharmacy Department, TIFAC Centre of Relevance and Excellence in NDDS, Centre for PG Studies and Research, M S University of Baroda , Vadodara , Gujarat , India
| | - Krutika Sawant
- a Pharmacy Department, TIFAC Centre of Relevance and Excellence in NDDS, Centre for PG Studies and Research, M S University of Baroda , Vadodara , Gujarat , India
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Senanayake TH, Gorantla S, Makarov E, Lu Y, Warren G, Vinogradov SV. Nanogel-Conjugated Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors and Their Combinations as Novel Antiviral Agents with Increased Efficacy against HIV-1 Infection. Mol Pharm 2015; 12:4226-36. [PMID: 26565115 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.5b00424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs) are an integral part of the current antiretroviral therapy (ART), which dramatically reduced the mortality from AIDS and turned the disease from lethal to chronic. The further steps in curing the HIV-1 infection must include more effective targeting of infected cells and virus sanctuaries inside the body and modification of drugs and treatment schedules to reduce common complications of the long-term treatment and increase patient compliancy. Here, we describe novel NRTI prodrugs synthesized from cholesteryl-ε-polylysine (CEPL) nanogels by conjugation with NRTI 5'-succinate derivatives (sNRTI). Biodegradability, small particle size, and high NRTI loading (30% by weight) of these conjugates; extended drug release, which would allow a weekly administration schedule; high therapeutic index (>1000) with a lower toxicity compared to NRTIs; and efficient accumulation in macrophages known as carriers for HIV-1 infection are among the most attractive properties of new nanodrugs. Nanogel conjugates of zidovudine (AZT), lamivudine (3TC), and abacavir (ABC) have been investigated individually and in formulations similar to clinical NRTI cocktails. Nanodrug formulations demonstrated 10-fold suppression of reverse transcriptase activity (EC90) in HIV-infected macrophages at 2-10, 2-4, and 1-2 μM drug levels, respectively, for single nanodrugs and dual and triple nanodrug cocktails. Nanogel conjugate of lamivudine was the most effective single nanodrug (EC90 2 μM). Nanodrugs showed a more favorable pharmacokinetics compared to free NRTIs. Infrequent iv injections of PEGylated CEPL-sAZT alone could efficiently suppress HIV-1 RT activity to background level in humanized mouse (hu-PBL) HIV model.
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Affiliation(s)
- T H Senanayake
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, and ‡Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, College of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center , Omaha, Nebraska 68198, United States
| | - S Gorantla
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, and ‡Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, College of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center , Omaha, Nebraska 68198, United States
| | - E Makarov
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, and ‡Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, College of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center , Omaha, Nebraska 68198, United States
| | - Y Lu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, and ‡Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, College of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center , Omaha, Nebraska 68198, United States
| | - G Warren
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, and ‡Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, College of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center , Omaha, Nebraska 68198, United States
| | - S V Vinogradov
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, and ‡Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, College of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center , Omaha, Nebraska 68198, United States
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Amphiphilic cationic nanogels as brain-targeted carriers for activated nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors. J Neuroimmune Pharmacol 2015; 10:88-101. [PMID: 25559020 DOI: 10.1007/s11481-014-9576-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2014] [Accepted: 12/18/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Progress in AIDS treatment shifted emphasis towards limiting adverse effects of antiviral drugs while improving the treatment of hard-to-reach viral reservoirs. Many therapeutic nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTI) have a limited access to the central nervous system (CNS). Increased NRTI levels induced various complications during the therapy, including neurotoxicity, due to the NRTI toxicity to mitochondria. Here, we describe an innovative design of biodegradable cationic cholesterol-ε-polylysine nanogel carriers for delivery of triphosphorylated NRTIs that demonstrated high anti-HIV activity along with low neurotoxicity, warranting minimal side effects following systemic administration. Efficient CNS targeting was achieved by nanogel modification with brain-specific peptide vectors. Novel dual and triple-drug nanoformulations, analogous to therapeutic NRTI cocktails, displayed equal or higher antiviral activity in HIV-infected macrophages compared to free drugs. Our results suggest potential alternative approach to HIV-1 treatment focused on the effective nanodrug delivery to viral reservoirs in the CNS and reduced neurotoxicity.
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19
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Shi S, Wang Y, Yu J, Zhang B, Luo Z, Li X, Chen H. Enhancement of photothermal toxicity and lung targeting delivery of Au nanorods via heparin-based nanogel. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra16012f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The scheme of preparation of heparin–PEI–LA nanogel used for the adsorption of Au nanorods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Shi
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering
- School of Ophthalmology & Optometry and Eye Hospital
- Wenzhou Medical University
- Wenzhou 325027
- China
| | - Yuqin Wang
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering
- School of Ophthalmology & Optometry and Eye Hospital
- Wenzhou Medical University
- Wenzhou 325027
- China
| | - Jing Yu
- Wenzhou Institute of Biomaterials and Engineering
- Wenzhou 325035
- China
| | - Binjun Zhang
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering
- School of Ophthalmology & Optometry and Eye Hospital
- Wenzhou Medical University
- Wenzhou 325027
- China
| | - Zichao Luo
- Wenzhou Institute of Biomaterials and Engineering
- Wenzhou 325035
- China
| | - Xingyi Li
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering
- School of Ophthalmology & Optometry and Eye Hospital
- Wenzhou Medical University
- Wenzhou 325027
- China
| | - Hao Chen
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering
- School of Ophthalmology & Optometry and Eye Hospital
- Wenzhou Medical University
- Wenzhou 325027
- China
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20
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Sun BO, Fang Y, Li Z, Chen Z, Xiang J. Advances in the application of nanotechnology in the diagnosis and treatment of gastrointestinal tumors. Mol Clin Oncol 2014; 3:274-280. [PMID: 25798253 DOI: 10.3892/mco.2014.470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2014] [Accepted: 11/20/2014] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Nanotechnology has broad application prospects in the diagnosis and treatment of cancer. Integrating chemistry, engineering, biology and medicine, nanotechnology is a multidisciplinary research field. Nanoscale imaging technology significantly improves the precision and accuracy of tumor diagnosis. Nanocarriers are able to significantly improve the accuracy of dose and targeted drug delivery and reduce the toxic side effects. This review focuses on the emerging roles of these innovative technologies in gastrointestinal cancer diagnostics and therapeutics. Although several problems and barriers are hampering the development of nanodevices, the potential for nanotechnologies to function as multimodal nanotheranostic agents will likely pave the way for the fight against gastrointestinal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- B O Sun
- Department of General Surgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, P.R. China
| | - Yantian Fang
- Department of General Surgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, P.R. China
| | - Zhengyang Li
- Department of General Surgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, P.R. China
| | - Zongyou Chen
- Department of General Surgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, P.R. China
| | - Jianbin Xiang
- Department of General Surgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, P.R. China
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Wei X, Senanayake TH, Bohling A, Vinogradov SV. Targeted nanogel conjugate for improved stability and cellular permeability of curcumin: synthesis, pharmacokinetics, and tumor growth inhibition. Mol Pharm 2014; 11:3112-22. [PMID: 25072100 PMCID: PMC4151794 DOI: 10.1021/mp500290f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Curcumin (CUR) is a unique natural compound with promising anticancer and anti-inflammatory activities. However, the therapeutic efficacy of curcumin was challenged in clinical trials, mostly due to its low bioavailability, rapid metabolism, and elimination. We designed a nanodrug form of curcumin, which makes it stable and substantially enhances cellular permeability and anticancer activity at standard oral administration. Curcumin was conjugated as an ester to cholesteryl-hyaluronic acid (CHA) nanogel that is capable of targeted delivery to CD44-expressing drug-resistant cancer cells. CHA-CUR nanogels demonstrated excellent solubility and sustained drug release in physiological conditions. It induced apoptosis in cancer cells, suppressing the expression of NF-κB, TNF-α, and COX-2 cellular targets similar to free curcumin. Pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) studies also revealed improved circulation parameters of CHA-CUR at oral, i.p. and i.v. administration routes. CHA-CUR showed targeted tumor accumulation and effective tumor growth inhibition in human pancreatic adenocarcinoma MiaPaCa-2 and aggressive orthotropic murine mammary carcinoma 4T1 animal models. CHA-CUR treatment was well-tolerated and resulted in up to 13-fold tumor suppression, making this nanodrug a potential candidate for cancer prevention and therapeutic treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Wei
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Center for Drug Delivery and Nanomedicine, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center , Omaha, Nebraska 68198, United States
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22
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Self-assembly study and formation of hydrophobized PVA dense and stable nanoparticles loaded with cholesterol or a steroid-type drug. J Colloid Interface Sci 2014; 428:57-62. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2014.04.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2014] [Revised: 04/13/2014] [Accepted: 04/16/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Vinogradov SV, Senanayake T. Nanogel-drug conjugates: a step towards increasing the chemotherapeutic efficacy. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2014; 8:1229-32. [PMID: 23914963 DOI: 10.2217/nnm.13.107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
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24
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Joshi G, Kumar A, Sawant K. Enhanced bioavailability and intestinal uptake of Gemcitabine HCl loaded PLGA nanoparticles after oral delivery. Eur J Pharm Sci 2014; 60:80-9. [PMID: 24810394 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2014.04.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2013] [Revised: 03/28/2014] [Accepted: 04/17/2014] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The aim of study was to formulate PLGA nanoparticles (NPs) of Gemcitabine HCl for enhanced oral bioavailability via absorption through M cells of Peyer's patches. Commercially, the drug is available as i.v. infusion due to its short half life (8-17 min), rapid metabolism and limited tumor uptake. The NPs were prepared by multiple solvent emulsification method. Optimized formulation had particle size of 166.4±2.42 nm, and entrapment of 56.48±3.63%. TEM image revealed discrete spherical structures of NPs. DSC and FTIR studies confirmed absence of interaction between drug and polymer. In vitro and ex vivo studies demonstrated sustained release from the NPs. The enhanced absorption and uptake of NPs in Caco-2 cells and in vivo absorption in intestinal tissue after oral delivery in rats was confirmed by confocal microscopy. Transport studies in Caco-2 cells confirmed 6.37-fold permeability for NPs. In vitro antiproliferative studies confirmed marked cytotoxicity of NPs on K562 leukemia cell lines. In vivo pharmacokinetic studies in rats showed 21.47-folds bioavailability enhancement from NPs. Hence, orally delivered Gemcitabine HCl loaded NPs have the potential for improving its bioavailability and avoiding side effects associated with iv infusions as well as enhancing patient compliance through "Chemotherapy at Home".
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Affiliation(s)
- Garima Joshi
- TIFAC Centre of Relevance and Excellence in NDDS, Centre for PG Studies and Research, Pharmacy Department, The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, Donor's Plaza, Fatehgunj, Vadodara 390002, Gujarat, India.
| | - Abhinesh Kumar
- TIFAC Centre of Relevance and Excellence in NDDS, Centre for PG Studies and Research, Pharmacy Department, The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, Donor's Plaza, Fatehgunj, Vadodara 390002, Gujarat, India.
| | - Krutika Sawant
- TIFAC Centre of Relevance and Excellence in NDDS, Centre for PG Studies and Research, Pharmacy Department, The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, Donor's Plaza, Fatehgunj, Vadodara 390002, Gujarat, India.
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25
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Senanayake TH, Lu Y, Bohling A, Raja S, Band H, Vinogradov SV. Encapsulation of poorly soluble drugs in polymer-drug conjugates: effect of dual-drug nanoformulations on cancer therapy. Pharm Res 2014; 31:1605-15. [PMID: 24452808 DOI: 10.1007/s11095-013-1265-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2013] [Accepted: 12/09/2013] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Current cancer chemotherapy is gradually shifting to the application of drug combinations that prevent development of drug resistance. Many anticancer drugs have poor solubility and limited oral bioavailability. Using an innovative approach, we developed dual-drug nanoformulations of a polymeric nanogel conjugate with anticancer 5-FU nucleoside analog, floxuridine (FLOX), and the second anticancer drugs, paclitaxel (PCL), or a geldanamycin analog, 17-AAG, for combination therapy. METHODS PCL or 17-AAG had been encapsulated in the cholesteryl-polyvinyl alcohol-floxuridine nanogel (CPVA-FLOX) by simple solution mixing and sonication. Dual nanodrugs formed particles with diameter 180 nm and either drug content (5-20%) that were stable and could be administered orally. Their cytotoxicity in human and mouse cancer cells was determined by MTT assay, and cellular target inhibition - by Western blot analysis. Tumor growth inhibition was evaluated using an orthotopic mouse mammary 4T1 cancer model. RESULTS CPVA-FLOX was more potent than free drug in cancer models including drug-resistant ones; while dual nanodrugs demonstrated a significant synergy (CPVA-FLOX/PCL), or showed no significant synergy (CPVA-FLOX/17-AAG) compared to free drugs (PCL or 17-AAG). Dual nanodrug CPVA-FLOX/17-AAG effect on its cellular target (HSP70) was similar to 17-AAG alone. In animal model, however, both dual nanodrugs effectively inhibited tumor growth compared to CPVA-FLOX after oral administration. CONCLUSION Oral dual-drug nanoformulations of poorly-soluble drugs proved to be a highly efficient combination anticancer therapy in preclinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thulani H Senanayake
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, 68198-6025, USA
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Wei J, Wang H, Zhu M, Ding D, Li D, Yin Z, Wang L, Yang Z. Janus nanogels of PEGylated Taxol and PLGA-PEG-PLGA copolymer for cancer therapy. NANOSCALE 2013; 5:9902-9907. [PMID: 23982346 DOI: 10.1039/c3nr02937a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Nanogels are promising carriers for the delivery of anti-cancer drugs for cancer therapy. We report in this study on a Janus nanogel system formed by mixing a prodrug of Taxol (PEGylated Taxol) and a copolymer of PLGA-PEG-PLGA. The Janus nanogels have good stability over months in aqueous solutions and the freeze-dried powder of nanogels can be re-dispersed instantly in aqueous solutions. The Janus nanogels show an enhanced inhibition effect on tumor growth in a mice breast cancer model probably due to the enhanced uptake of the nano-sized materials by the EPR effect. What is more, the nanogels can also serve as physical carriers to co-deliver other anti-cancer drugs such as doxorubicin to further improve the anti-cancer efficacy. The results obtained from H&E staining and TUNEL assay also support the observation of tumor growth inhibition. These results suggest the potential of this novel delivery system for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China.
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