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Qiu P, Zhang X, Cao R, Xu H, Jiang Z, Lei J. Assessment of the efficacy of autologous blood preparations in maxillary sinus floor elevation surgery: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Oral Health 2024; 24:1171. [PMID: 39363273 PMCID: PMC11451106 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-024-04938-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2024] [Accepted: 09/19/2024] [Indexed: 10/05/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of autologous blood preparations, namely Platelet-Rich Plasma (PRP), Platelet-Rich Fibrin (PRF), and Concentrated Growth Factor (CGF), in maxillary sinus floor elevation surgery. The focus was on their impact on new bone formation, maxillary sinus floor height, and soft tissue healing. METHODS A systematic search was conducted across PubMed/MEDLINE, Web of Science, Embase, and Scopus databases up to April 2024. This systematic review included both randomized clinical trials (RCTs) and controlled clinical trials (CCTs) that evaluated the efficacy of autologous blood preparations in maxillary sinus floor elevation surgery. The primary outcomes measured were the percentage of new bone formation, maxillary sinus floor height, and he percentage of soft tissue area. Data from the selected studies were extracted and analyzed to determine the impact of autologous blood preparations on these outcomes. The risk of bias was assessed using Cochrane's risk of bias tool and ROBINS-I, and meta-analyses were performed using Review Manager 5.4 software to calculate effect sizes and integrate results from multiple studies. RESULTS Among the 507 screened articles, 30 studies met the inclusion criteria. The results indicated that the application of PRP significantly increased new bone formation during maxillary sinus floor elevation surgery (primary outcome, MD = 4.40, CI = 0.37 to 8.44, P = 0.03), as well as improving maxillary sinus floor height elevation (secondary outcome, MD = 1.00, CI = 0.78 to 1.23, P < 0.00001). The absence of PRP during surgery had a statistically significant effect on the percentage of soft tissue area (secondary outcome, MD= -5.25, CI= -7.29 to 3.20, P < 0.00001). However, based on the research findings, PRF did not show significant effects on enhancing new bone formation, maxillary sinus floor height elevation, and promoting soft tissue regeneration. CONCLUSIONS PRP demonstrates efficacy in maxillary sinus floor elevation surgery by enhancing new bone formation and increasing sinus height. Further studies are needed to validate the outcomes of PRF and CGF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piaopiao Qiu
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Tooth Restoration and Regeneration & Tongji Research Institute of Stomatology & Department of Implantology, Stomatological Hospital, Dental School, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xuehan Zhang
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Tooth Restoration and Regeneration & Tongji Research Institute of Stomatology & Department of Implantology, Stomatological Hospital, Dental School, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Rongkai Cao
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Tooth Restoration and Regeneration & Tongji Research Institute of Stomatology & Department of Implantology, Stomatological Hospital, Dental School, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hui Xu
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Tooth Restoration and Regeneration & Tongji Research Institute of Stomatology & Department of Implantology, Stomatological Hospital, Dental School, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zihan Jiang
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Tooth Restoration and Regeneration & Tongji Research Institute of Stomatology & Department of Implantology, Stomatological Hospital, Dental School, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jingshi Lei
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Tooth Restoration and Regeneration & Tongji Research Institute of Stomatology & Department of Implantology, Stomatological Hospital, Dental School, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.
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Gemae MR, Patil NS, Yu CW, Agarwal M, Slomovic AR, Chan CC. Use of Plasma Rich in Growth Factors for Ocular Surface Disorders: A Systematic Review. Cornea 2024:00003226-990000000-00701. [PMID: 39356971 DOI: 10.1097/ico.0000000000003711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2024] [Accepted: 08/27/2024] [Indexed: 10/04/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Ocular surface disorders (OSDs) can severely affect vision and quality of life. Autologous blood products, such as plasma rich in growth factors (PRGF), are recently available to treat OSDs refractory to traditional therapies. This review aims to summarize the efficacy and safety of PRGF in OSDs. METHODS This review followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. The protocol was established a priori and published on PROSPERO (CRD42024522119). MEDLINE, Embase, and Cochrane Library were searched for primary articles until February 6, 2024. Primary outcomes included slit-lamp examination findings and patient-reported outcomes. Secondary outcomes included visual outcomes and adverse events. Risk of bias was assessed using the Cochrane Risk of Bias and ROBINS-I tools. RESULTS Twenty-two studies involving 1158 eyes were included. PRGF showed notable improvement in objective and subjective outcomes in OSDs. Comparative studies did not show PRGF to be superior to a standard steroid taper for dry eye disease. However, the use of PRGF was also reported in persistent epithelial defects and corneal ulcerations. In these conditions, there were high rates of complete healing and reduced corneal staining. PRGF has also been reported to improve ocular surface healing and stability when used as an adjunct to refractive and pterygium surgeries. No serious adverse events were reported. CONCLUSIONS PRGF has potential as an effective treatment of OSDs resistant to traditional therapies with minimal safety concerns. Large randomized controlled trials are needed to better evaluate the role of PRGF within the treatment armamentarium for corneal pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nikhil S Patil
- Department of Ophthalmology and Vision Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Caberry W Yu
- Division of Ophthalmology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada; and
| | - Manokamna Agarwal
- Department of Ophthalmology and Vision Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Allan R Slomovic
- Department of Ophthalmology and Vision Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Clara C Chan
- Department of Ophthalmology and Vision Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
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3
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DuVal M, Alkhraisat MH. Adjunctive Plasma Rich in Growth Factors in the Treatment of Osteomyelitis and Large Odontogenic Cysts Prior to Successful Implant Rehabilitation: Case Report. Dent J (Basel) 2023; 11:184. [PMID: 37623280 PMCID: PMC10453440 DOI: 10.3390/dj11080184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Revised: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteomyelitis of the jaws presents a clinical challenge to conventional treatment, often requiring multiple surgical interventions resulting in significant deformity and presenting significant problems to satisfactory rehabilitation. While benign odontogenic cysts, such as the radicular cyst, are generally predictably treated, they can cause significant localized bone destruction and thus can present significant problems in satisfactory rehabilitation. In this case report, patients were treated combining conventionally appropriate surgical debridement and oral antibiotics with adjunctive plasma rich in growth factors (PRGF). Patients showed a complete soft tissue and osseous regeneration to their pre-pathologic state, with successful implant rehabilitation. PRGF appears to be highly successful in minimizing or eliminating osseous deformities normally associated with conventional treatment of osteomyelitis of the jaw and treatment of large odontogenic cysts. Future trials must be performed to confirm these results in comparison to controls using conventional treatment alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc DuVal
- Department of Dentistry, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 0C7, Canada
- Montreal Jewish General Hospital, Department of Dentistry and Oral and Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Montreal, QC H3T 1E2, Canada
- Santa Cabrini Hospital, Department of Surgery, Division of Plastics, Montreal, QC H1T 1P7, Canada
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Ríos Luna A, Fahandezh-Saddi Díaz H, Villanueva Martínez M, Iglesias R, Prado R, Padilla S, Anitua E. Office-Based Intraosseous Infiltrations of PRGF as an Effective Treatment for Knee Osteoarthritis: A Retrospective Observational Clinical Study. J Clin Med 2023; 12:4512. [PMID: 37445547 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12134512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Revised: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to explore and assess office-based ultrasound-guided intraosseous and intra-articular infiltrations of plasma rich in growth factors (PRGF) in patients with moderate and severe knee osteoarthritis (KOA). Seventy-nine patients (30 women and 49 men) with grade 3-4 KOA according to the Kellgren-Lawrence classification participated in the study. All patients were treated with a minimally invasive technique using local anesthesia WALANT (wide-awake local anesthesia no tourniquet) in the ambulatory setting. A PRGF intra-articular infiltration and two intraosseous infiltrations in the tibial plateau and femoral condyle were performed weekly for a total of three sessions. The evaluation of the results was carried out using knee injury and osteoarthritis outcome score (KOOS) at baseline and post-treatment. After a follow-up period of 11 months (median) [interquartile range, 7-14], all the KOOS domains showed statistically significant improvement (p < 0.001). Moreover, 88% of the patients showed a pain reduction of at least 10 points (minimally clinically important improvement) from pre- to post-treatment. Our retrospective study using the in-office procedure of ultrasound-guided combination of intra-articular and intraosseous infiltrations of PRGF is a safe and efficacious approach for the treatment of grade 3-4 knee osteoarthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Ríos Luna
- Department of Traumatology and Orthopedic Surgery, Clínica Orthoindal, 04004 Almería, Spain
| | | | | | - Roberto Iglesias
- Department of Traumatology and Orthopedic Surgery, Clínica Orthoindal, 04004 Almería, Spain
| | - Roberto Prado
- Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, BTI-Biotechnology Institute I MAS D, 01007 Vitoria, Spain
| | - Sabino Padilla
- Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, BTI-Biotechnology Institute I MAS D, 01007 Vitoria, Spain
| | - Eduardo Anitua
- Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, BTI-Biotechnology Institute I MAS D, 01007 Vitoria, Spain
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5
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Anitua E, Padilla S, Prado R, Alkhraisat MH. Platelet-rich plasma: are the obtaining methods, classification and clinical outcome always connected? Regen Med 2022; 17:887-890. [PMID: 36169230 DOI: 10.2217/rme-2022-0118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo Anitua
- Eduardo Anitua Foundation for Biomedical Research, Vitoria, Spain.,Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, BTI Biotechnology Institute ImasD, Vitoria, Spain
| | - Sabino Padilla
- Eduardo Anitua Foundation for Biomedical Research, Vitoria, Spain.,Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, BTI Biotechnology Institute ImasD, Vitoria, Spain
| | - Roberto Prado
- Eduardo Anitua Foundation for Biomedical Research, Vitoria, Spain.,Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, BTI Biotechnology Institute ImasD, Vitoria, Spain
| | - Mohammad H Alkhraisat
- Eduardo Anitua Foundation for Biomedical Research, Vitoria, Spain.,Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, BTI Biotechnology Institute ImasD, Vitoria, Spain
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Yadav A, Ramasamy TS, Lin SC, Chen SH, Lu J, Liu YH, Lu FI, Hsueh YY, Lin SP, Wu CC. Autologous Platelet-Rich Growth Factor Reduces M1 Macrophages and Modulates Inflammatory Microenvironments to Promote Sciatic Nerve Regeneration. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10081991. [PMID: 36009539 PMCID: PMC9406033 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10081991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Revised: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The failure of peripheral nerve regeneration is often associated with the inability to generate a permissive molecular and cellular microenvironment for nerve repair. Autologous therapies, such as platelet-rich plasma (PRP) or its derivative platelet-rich growth factors (PRGF), may improve peripheral nerve regeneration via unknown mechanistic roles and actions in macrophage polarization. In the current study, we hypothesize that excessive and prolonged inflammation might result in the failure of pro-inflammatory M1 macrophage transit to anti-inflammatory M2 macrophages in large nerve defects. PRGF was used in vitro at the time the unpolarized macrophages (M0) macrophages were induced to M1 macrophages to observe if PRGF altered the secretion of cytokines and resulted in a phenotypic change. PRGF was also employed in the nerve conduit of a rat sciatic nerve transection model to identify alterations in macrophages that might influence excessive inflammation and nerve regeneration. PRGF administration reduced the mRNA expression of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNFα), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), and IL-6 in M0 macrophages. Increased CD206 substantiated the shift of pro-inflammatory cytokines to the M2 regenerative macrophage. Administration of PRGF in the nerve conduit after rat sciatic nerve transection promoted nerve regeneration by improving nerve gross morphology and its targeted gastrocnemius muscle mass. The regenerative markers were increased for regrown axons (protein gene product, PGP9.5), Schwann cells (S100β), and myelin basic protein (MBP) after 6 weeks of injury. The decreased expression of TNFα, IL-1β, IL-6, and CD68+ M1 macrophages indicated that the inflammatory microenvironments were reduced in the PRGF-treated nerve tissue. The increase in RECA-positive cells suggested the PRGF also promoted angiogenesis during nerve regeneration. Taken together, these results indicate the potential role and clinical implication of autologous PRGF in regulating inflammatory microenvironments via macrophage polarization after nerve transection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anjali Yadav
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan
- International Center for Wound Repair and Regeneration, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan
| | - Thamil Selvee Ramasamy
- Stem Cell Biology Laboratory, Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
| | - Sheng-Che Lin
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Tainan Municipal An-Nan Hospital-China Medical University, Tainan 709, Taiwan
| | - Szu-Han Chen
- International Center for Wound Repair and Regeneration, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Tainan 701, Taiwan
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan
| | - Jean Lu
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Hsin Liu
- Department of Life Sciences, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan
| | - Fu-I Lu
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioindustry Sciences, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan
| | - Yuan-Yu Hsueh
- International Center for Wound Repair and Regeneration, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Tainan 701, Taiwan
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan
| | - Shau-Ping Lin
- Institute of Biotechnology, College of Bio-Resources and Agriculture, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Ching Wu
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan
- International Center for Wound Repair and Regeneration, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-6-235-3535 (ext. 5327); Fax: +886-6-209-3007
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7
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de Boer C, Davies NH. Blood derived extracellular vesicles as regenerative medicine therapeutics. Biochimie 2021; 196:203-215. [PMID: 34688790 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2021.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Accepted: 10/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The regenerative promise of nanosized extracellular vesicles (EVs) secreted by cells is widely explored. Recently, the capacity of EVs purified from blood to elicit regenerative effect has begun to be evaluated. Blood might be a readily available source of EVs, avoiding need for extensive cell culturing, but there are specific issues that complicate use of the biofluid in this area. We assess the evidence for blood containing regenerative material, progress made towards delivering blood derived EVs as regenerative therapeutics, difficulties that relate to the complexity of blood and the promise of hydrogel-based delivery of EVs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Candice de Boer
- Cardiovascular Research Unit, Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Cape Town, Observatory, South Africa
| | - Neil Hamer Davies
- Cardiovascular Research Unit, Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Cape Town, Observatory, South Africa.
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8
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Padilla S, Nurden AT, Prado R, Nurden P, Anitua E. Healing through the lens of immunothrombosis: Biology-inspired, evolution-tailored, and human-engineered biomimetic therapies. Biomaterials 2021; 279:121205. [PMID: 34710794 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2021.121205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Revised: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Evolution, from invertebrates to mammals, has yielded and shaped immunoclotting as a defense and repair response against trauma and infection. This mosaic of immediate and local wound-sealing and pathogen-killing mechanisms results in survival, restoration of homeostasis, and tissue repair. In mammals, immunoclotting has been complemented with the neuroendocrine system, platelets, and contact system among other embellishments, adding layers of complexity through interconnecting blood-born proteolytic cascades, blood cells, and the neuroendocrine system. In doing so, immunothrombosis endows humans with survival advantages, but entails vulnerabilities in the current unprecedented and increasingly challenging environment. Immunothrombosis and tissue repair appear to go hand in hand with common mechanisms mediating both processes, a fact that is underlined by recent advances that are deciphering the mechanisms of the repair process and of the biochemical pathways that underpins coagulation, hemostasis and thrombosis. This review is intended to frame both the universal aspects of tissue repair and the therapeutic use of autologous fibrin matrix as a biology-as-a-drug approach in the context of the evolutionary changes in coagulation and hemostasis. In addition, we will try to shed some light on the molecular mechanisms underlying the use of the autologous fibrin matrix as a biology-inspired, evolution-tailored, and human-engineered biomimetic therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabino Padilla
- Eduardo Anitua Foundation for Biomedical Research, Vitoria, Spain; BTI-Biotechnology Institute ImasD, Vitoria, Spain; University Institute for Regenerative Medicine & Oral Implantology - UIRMI (UPV/EHU-Fundación Eduardo Anitua), Vitoria, Spain.
| | - Alan T Nurden
- Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire LIRYC, Hôpital Xavier Arnozan, Pessac, France
| | - Roberto Prado
- Eduardo Anitua Foundation for Biomedical Research, Vitoria, Spain; BTI-Biotechnology Institute ImasD, Vitoria, Spain; University Institute for Regenerative Medicine & Oral Implantology - UIRMI (UPV/EHU-Fundación Eduardo Anitua), Vitoria, Spain
| | - Paquita Nurden
- Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire LIRYC, Hôpital Xavier Arnozan, Pessac, France
| | - Eduardo Anitua
- Eduardo Anitua Foundation for Biomedical Research, Vitoria, Spain; BTI-Biotechnology Institute ImasD, Vitoria, Spain; University Institute for Regenerative Medicine & Oral Implantology - UIRMI (UPV/EHU-Fundación Eduardo Anitua), Vitoria, Spain.
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Use of Plasma Rich in Growth Factors and ReGeneraTing Agent Matrix for the Treatment of Corneal Diseases. Vision (Basel) 2021; 5:vision5030034. [PMID: 34287367 PMCID: PMC8293442 DOI: 10.3390/vision5030034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Revised: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the use of Plasma Rich in Growth Factors (PRGF) associated with tissue ReGeneraTing Agent (RGTA) drops for the treatment of noninfectious corneal ulcers. RGTA treatment was applied (one drop every two days); however, if ulcer closure was not achieved, PRGF eye drops treatment was added (four times/day). The time taken to reach the ulcer closure, the Best Corrected Visual Acuity (BCVA), intraocular pressure (IOP), Visual Analog Scale (VAS, in terms of frequency and severity of symptoms), and Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) were evaluated. Seventy-four patients (79 eyes) were included, and the mean age was 56.8 ± 17.3 years. The neurotrophic corneal ulcer was the most frequent disorder (n = 27, 34.2%), mainly for herpes virus (n = 15, 19.0%). The time of PRGF eye drops treatment associated with the RGTA matrix was 4.2 ± 2.2 (1.5–9.0) months, and the follow-up period was 44.9 ± 31.5 months. The ulcer closure was achieved in 76 eyes (96.2%). BCVA, VAS and OSDI improved from the baseline (p < 0.001), and IOP remained unchanged (p = 0.665). RGTA and PRGF in noninfectious ulcers were effective and could be a therapeutic alternative for this type of corneal disease.
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Orive G, Anitua E. Platelet-rich therapies as an emerging platform for regenerative medicine. Expert Opin Biol Ther 2021; 21:1603-1608. [PMID: 34043484 DOI: 10.1080/14712598.2021.1936495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The combination of human plasma components with the multiple secretome from platelets has provided a new biological tool that is shaping a new future for its direct application in tissue regeneration as well as in cell culture and advanced therapy by means of its use as a clinical-grade supplement. AREAS COVERED Some relevant aspects related to the biology, growth factor delivery and molecular pathways driving the biological effects of platelet-rich therapies are summarized. Their use as clinical-grade cell supplements and advanced therapies is also carefully described. EXPERT OPINION Platelet-rich plasma therapies, and especially PRGF, contain an incredible number of biologically active agents that may exert regenerative and therapeutic potential. Here, we highlight the latest advances in this biological approach for the delivery of autologous growth factors with some of the recent new applications including the development of a clinical-grade supplement for advanced therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gorka Orive
- BTI Biotechnology Institute, Vitoria, Spain.,University Institute for Regenerative Medicine and Oral Implantology - UIRMI (Upv/ehu-fundación Eduardo Anitua), Vitoria, Spain.,Department of Pharmacy, NanoBioCel Group, Laboratory of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Paseo De La Universidad 7, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - Eduardo Anitua
- BTI Biotechnology Institute, Vitoria, Spain.,University Institute for Regenerative Medicine and Oral Implantology - UIRMI (Upv/ehu-fundación Eduardo Anitua), Vitoria, Spain
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Berndt S, Carpentier G, Turzi A, Borlat F, Cuendet M, Modarressi A. Angiogenesis Is Differentially Modulated by Platelet-Derived Products. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9030251. [PMID: 33806471 PMCID: PMC8000116 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9030251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Revised: 02/19/2021] [Accepted: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Platelet-derived preparations are being used in clinic for their role in tissue repair and regenerative processes. The release of platelet-derived products such as autologous growth factors, cytokines and chemokines can trigger therapeutic angiogenesis. In this in vitro study, we evaluated and compared the ability of three platelet-derived preparations: platelet-rich-plasma (PRP), PRP-hyaluronic acid (PRP-HA) and platelet lysates (PL) at various concentrations (5–40%) to modulate human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) biological effects on metabolism, viability, senescence, angiogenic factors secretion and angiogenic capacities in 2D (endothelial tube formation assay or EFTA) and in 3D (fibrin bead assay or FBA). HUVEC exocytosis was stimulated with PRP and PRP-HA. Cell viability was strongly increased by PRP and PRP-HA but mildly by PL. The three preparations inhibit HUVEC tube formation on Matrigel, while PRP enhanced the complexity of the network. In the fibrin bead assay (FBA), PRP and PRP-HA stimulated all steps of the angiogenic process resulting in massive sprouting of a branched microvessel network, while PL showed a weaker angiogenic response. Secretome profiling revealed modulation of 26 human angiogenic proteins upon treatment with the platelet derived preparations. These in vitro experiments suggest that PRP and PRP-HA are effective biological therapeutic tools when sustained therapeutic angiogenesis is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Berndt
- Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, Geneva University Hospitals, Faculty of Medicine, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland;
- Faculty of Medicine, Geneva University, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland
- Regen Lab SA, 1052 Le Mont-sur-Lausanne, Switzerland;
- Correspondence:
| | - Gilles Carpentier
- Gly-CRRET Research Unit 4397, Paris-Est Créteil University, 94000 Créteil, France;
| | - Antoine Turzi
- Regen Lab SA, 1052 Le Mont-sur-Lausanne, Switzerland;
| | - Frédéric Borlat
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland; (F.B.); (M.C.)
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Western Switzerland, University of Geneva, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Muriel Cuendet
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland; (F.B.); (M.C.)
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Western Switzerland, University of Geneva, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Ali Modarressi
- Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, Geneva University Hospitals, Faculty of Medicine, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland;
- Faculty of Medicine, Geneva University, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland
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The Management of Postsurgical Wound Complications with Plasma Rich in Growth Factors: A Preliminary Series. Adv Skin Wound Care 2021; 33:202-208. [PMID: 31789622 DOI: 10.1097/01.asw.0000604168.62330.c7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Postsurgical wound complications constitute a relevant public health issue because of their frequency. There is growing evidence regarding platelet-based autologous therapies that support their use in promoting cutaneous regeneration. OBJECTIVE To provide preliminary data regarding the potential benefit of plasma rich in growth factors (PRGF) in the management of postsurgical wound complications. DESIGN Three patients suffering from poorly healing severe full-thickness wounds were treated with either one or a combination of different formulations derived from their own blood: autologous clot, fibrin membrane, injectable plasma, or topical ointment. Different treatment protocols are described, and follow-up results are reported. RESULTS Within 4 to 12 months, the treated wounds healed completely with no signs of infection, tissue necrosis, or functional impairment. No adverse events were reported. CONCLUSION Additional clinical trials with long-term follow-up periods and larger patient populations are needed to establish the efficacy of PRGF technology. However, these preliminary findings suggest that PRGF merits further randomized controlled studies exploring its capacity to accelerate re-epithelialization and restore functional integrity to cutaneous ulcers resulting from surgical complications.
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13
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Ultrasound-guided platelet-rich plasma injection and multimodality ultrasound examination of peripheral nerve crush injury. NPJ Regen Med 2020; 5:21. [PMID: 33298932 PMCID: PMC7680141 DOI: 10.1038/s41536-020-00101-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2019] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Ultrasound-guided platelet-rich plasma (PRP) injection is able to make up for the limitations of applying a single growth factor. The goal of this study was to investigate the effects of serial ultrasound-guided PRP injections of the appropriate concentration on the treatment of sciatic nerve crush injury, and explore the value of multimodality ultrasound techniques in evaluating the prognosis of crushed peripheral nerve. In vitro, optimal concentration of PRP (from 150%, 250%, 450%, and 650%) was screened due for its maximal effect on proliferation and neurotrophic function of Schwann cells (SCs). In vivo, ninety rabbits were equally and randomly divided into normal control, model, PRP-2.5×, PRP-4.5×, and PRP-6.5× groups. The neurological function and electrophysiological recovery evaluation, and the comparison of the multimodality ultrasound evaluation with the histological results of sciatic nerve crush injury were performed to investigate the regenerative effects of PRP at different concentrations on the sciatic nerve crush injury. Our results showed that the PRP with a 4.5-fold concentration of whole blood platelets could significantly stimulate the proliferation and secretion of SCs and nerve repair. The changes in stiffness and blood perfusion were positively correlated with the collagen area percentage and VEGF expression in the injured nerve, respectively. Thus, serial ultrasound-guided PRP injections at an appropriate concentration accelerates the recovery of axonal function. Multimodality ultrasound techniques provide a clinical reference for prognosis by allowing the stiffness and microcirculation perfusion of crush-injured peripheral nerves to be quantitatively evaluated.
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Jafarkhani M, Salehi Z, Mashayekhan S, Kowsari-Esfahan R, Orive G, Dolatshahi-Pirouz A, Bonakdar S, Shokrgozar MA. Induced cell migration based on a bioactive hydrogel sheet combined with a perfused microfluidic system. Biomed Mater 2020; 15:045010. [PMID: 32120352 DOI: 10.1088/1748-605x/ab7b90] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Endothelial cell migration is a crucial step in the process of new blood vessel formation-a necessary process to maintain cell viability inside thick tissue constructs. Here, we report a new method for maintaining cell viability and inducing cell migration using a perfused microfluidic platform based on collagen gel and a gradient hydrogel sheet. Due to the helpful role of the extracellular matrix components in cell viability, we developed a hydrogel sheet from decellularized tissue (DT) of the bovine heart and chitosan (CS). The results showed that hydrogel sheets with an optimum weight ratio of CS/DT = 2 possess a porosity of around 75%, a mechanical strength of 23 kPa, and display cell viability up to 78%. Then, we immobilized a radial gradient of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) on the hydrogel sheet to promote human umbilical vein endothelial cell migration. Finally, we incorporated the whole system as an entirety on the top of the microfluidic platform and studied cell migration through the hydrogel sheet in the presence of soluble and immobilized VEGF. The results demonstrated that immobilized VEGF stimulated cell migration in the hydrogel sheet at all depths compared with soluble VEGF. The results also showed that applying a VEGF gradient in both soluble and immobilized states had a significant effect on cell migration at limited depths (<100 μm). The main finding of this study is a significant improvement in cell migration using an in vivo imitating, cost-efficient and highly reproducible platform, which may open up a new perspective for tissue engineering applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahboubeh Jafarkhani
- School of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
- Technical University of Denmark, DTU Nanotech, Center for Intestinal Absorption and Transport of Biopharmaceuticals, 2800 Kgs, Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Zeinab Salehi
- School of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shohreh Mashayekhan
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran 11365-8639, Iran
| | - Reza Kowsari-Esfahan
- Department of Cell Engineering, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Gorka Orive
- NanoBioCel Group, Laboratory of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Paseo de la Universidad 7, Vitoria-Gasteiz 01006, Spain
- Biomedical Research Networking Centre in Bioengineering, Biomaterials, and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
- University Institute for Regenerative Medicine and Oral Implantology - UIRMI (UPV/EHU-Fundación Eduardo Anitua), Vitoria, Spain
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, The Academia, 20 College Road, Discovery Tower, Singapore
| | - Alireza Dolatshahi-Pirouz
- Technical University of Denmark, DTU Nanotech, Center for Intestinal Absorption and Transport of Biopharmaceuticals, 2800 Kgs, Lyngby, Denmark
- Regenerative Biomaterials, Radboud University Medical Center, Philips van Leydenlaan 25, Nijmegen 6525 EX, The Netherlands
| | - Shahin Bonakdar
- National Cell Bank of Iran, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
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A Comprehensive Review of Concentrated Growth Factors and Their Novel Applications in Facial Reconstructive and Regenerative Medicine. Aesthetic Plast Surg 2020; 44:1047-1057. [PMID: 31970453 DOI: 10.1007/s00266-020-01620-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2019] [Accepted: 01/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Concentrated growth factors (CGFs) are the latest generation of platelet concentrates. The objective of developing CGF is to increase therapeutic efficacy. However, few studies have supported the superiority of CGF in composition and efficacy. The reconstruction and regeneration process is complicated and long term, whereas bioactivity of CGF is not durable. The purpose of this review is threefold. The first is to recommend more comparative studies between CGF and other platelet concentrates. The second is to constitute a continuous drug delivery system by combining CGF with other biomaterials. Finally, the novel use of CGF in facial regenerative and reconstructive medicine will be highlighted. METHODS A comprehensive review of literature regarding the use of CGF in facial regenerative and reconstructive medicine was performed. Based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria, a total of 135 articles were included. RESULTS The use of CGF involving facial rejuvenation, cartilage grafting, facial bone defects, facial peripheral nerve injury and wounding is reviewed. The reconstructive and regenerative principles lie in firm fibrin scaffolds and continuous in situ delivery of multiple growth factors. CONCLUSIONS CGF represents an advance in personalized medicine concept. However, the current scientific evidences about the use of CGF are limited. More basic and clinical studies should be conducted to understand the characteristics and clinical application of CGF. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE V This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/00266.
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Squecco R, Chellini F, Idrizaj E, Tani A, Garella R, Pancani S, Pavan P, Bambi F, Zecchi-Orlandini S, Sassoli C. Platelet-Rich Plasma Modulates Gap Junction Functionality and Connexin 43 and 26 Expression During TGF-β1-Induced Fibroblast to Myofibroblast Transition: Clues for Counteracting Fibrosis. Cells 2020; 9:cells9051199. [PMID: 32408529 PMCID: PMC7290305 DOI: 10.3390/cells9051199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2020] [Revised: 04/28/2020] [Accepted: 05/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Skeletal muscle repair/regeneration may benefit by Platelet-Rich Plasma (PRP) treatment owing to PRP pro-myogenic and anti-fibrotic effects. However, PRP anti-fibrotic action remains controversial. Here, we extended our previous researches on the inhibitory effects of PRP on in vitro transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1-induced differentiation of fibroblasts into myofibroblasts, the effector cells of fibrosis, focusing on gap junction (GJ) intercellular communication. The myofibroblastic phenotype was evaluated by cell shape analysis, confocal fluorescence microscopy and Western blotting analyses of α-smooth muscle actin and type-1 collagen expression, and electrophysiological recordings of resting membrane potential, resistance, and capacitance. PRP negatively regulated myofibroblast differentiation by modifying all the assessed parameters. Notably, myofibroblast pairs showed an increase of voltage-dependent GJ functionality paralleled by connexin (Cx) 43 expression increase. TGF-β1-treated cells, when exposed to a GJ blocker, or silenced for Cx43 expression, failed to differentiate towards myofibroblasts. Although a minority, myofibroblast pairs also showed not-voltage-dependent GJ currents and coherently Cx26 expression. PRP abolished the TGF-β1-induced voltage-dependent GJ current appearance while preventing Cx43 increase and promoting Cx26 expression. This study adds insights into molecular and functional mechanisms regulating fibroblast-myofibroblast transition and supports the anti-fibrotic potential of PRP, demonstrating the ability of this product to hamper myofibroblast generation targeting GJs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberta Squecco
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Section of Physiological Sciences, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy; (R.S.); (E.I.); (R.G.)
| | - Flaminia Chellini
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Section of Anatomy and Histology, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy; (F.C.); (A.T.); (S.P.); (S.Z.-O.)
| | - Eglantina Idrizaj
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Section of Physiological Sciences, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy; (R.S.); (E.I.); (R.G.)
| | - Alessia Tani
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Section of Anatomy and Histology, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy; (F.C.); (A.T.); (S.P.); (S.Z.-O.)
| | - Rachele Garella
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Section of Physiological Sciences, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy; (R.S.); (E.I.); (R.G.)
| | - Sofia Pancani
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Section of Anatomy and Histology, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy; (F.C.); (A.T.); (S.P.); (S.Z.-O.)
| | - Paola Pavan
- Transfusion Medicine and Cell Therapy Unit, "A. Meyer" University Children’s Hospital, 50134 Florence, Italy; (P.P.); (F.B.)
| | - Franco Bambi
- Transfusion Medicine and Cell Therapy Unit, "A. Meyer" University Children’s Hospital, 50134 Florence, Italy; (P.P.); (F.B.)
| | - Sandra Zecchi-Orlandini
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Section of Anatomy and Histology, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy; (F.C.); (A.T.); (S.P.); (S.Z.-O.)
| | - Chiara Sassoli
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Section of Anatomy and Histology, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy; (F.C.); (A.T.); (S.P.); (S.Z.-O.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-0552-7580-63
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do Amaral RJFC, Zayed NMA, Pascu EI, Cavanagh B, Hobbs C, Santarella F, Simpson CR, Murphy CM, Sridharan R, González-Vázquez A, O'Sullivan B, O'Brien FJ, Kearney CJ. Functionalising Collagen-Based Scaffolds With Platelet-Rich Plasma for Enhanced Skin Wound Healing Potential. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2019; 7:371. [PMID: 31921799 PMCID: PMC6915093 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2019.00371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2019] [Accepted: 11/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Porous collagen-glycosaminoglycan (collagen-GAG) scaffolds have shown promising clinical results for wound healing; however, these scaffolds do not replace the dermal and epidermal layer simultaneously and rely on local endogenous signaling to direct healing. Functionalizing collagen-GAG scaffolds with signaling factors, and/or additional matrix molecules, could help overcome these challenges. An ideal candidate for this is platelet-rich plasma (PRP) as it is a natural reservoir of growth factors, can be activated to form a fibrin gel, and is available intraoperatively. We tested the factors released from PRP (PRPr) and found that at specific concentrations, PRPr enhanced cell proliferation and migration and induced angiogenesis to a greater extent than fetal bovine serum (FBS) controls. This motivated us to develop a strategy to successfully incorporate PRP homogeneously within the pores of the collagen-GAG scaffolds. The composite scaffold released key growth factors for wound healing (FGF, TGFβ) and vascularization (VEGF, PDGF) for up to 14 days. In addition, the composite scaffold had enhanced mechanical properties (when compared to PRP gel alone), while providing a continuous upper surface of extracellular matrix (ECM) for keratinocyte seeding. The levels of the factors released from the composite scaffold were sufficient to sustain proliferation of key cells involved in wound healing, including human endothelial cells, mesenchymal stromal cells, fibroblasts, and keratinocytes; even in the absence of FBS supplementation. In functional in vitro and in vivo vascularization assays, our composite scaffold demonstrated increased angiogenic and vascularization potential, which is known to lead to enhanced wound healing. Upon pro-inflammatory induction, macrophages released lower levels of the pro-inflammatory marker MIP-1α when treated with PRPr; and released higher levels of the anti-inflammatory marker IL1-ra upon both pro- and anti-inflammatory induction when treated with the composite scaffold. Finally, our composite scaffold supported a co-culture system of human fibroblasts and keratinocytes that resulted in an epidermal-like layer, with keratinocytes constrained to the surface of the scaffold; by contrast, keratinocytes were observed infiltrating the PRP-free scaffold. This novel composite scaffold has the potential for rapid translation to the clinic by isolating PRP from a patient intraoperatively and combining it with regulatory approved scaffolds to enhance wound repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronaldo J. F. C. do Amaral
- Kearney Lab, Department of Anatomy and Regenerative Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland (RCSI), Dublin, Ireland
- Tissue Engineering Research Group (TERG), Department of Anatomy, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland (RCSI), Dublin, Ireland
- Centre for Research in Medical Devices (CURAM), National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Noora M. A. Zayed
- Kearney Lab, Department of Anatomy and Regenerative Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland (RCSI), Dublin, Ireland
- Tissue Engineering Research Group (TERG), Department of Anatomy, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland (RCSI), Dublin, Ireland
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Elena I. Pascu
- Tissue Engineering Research Group (TERG), Department of Anatomy, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland (RCSI), Dublin, Ireland
| | - Brenton Cavanagh
- Cellular and Molecular Imaging Core, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland (RCSI), Dublin, Ireland
| | - Chris Hobbs
- Advanced Materials and Bioengineering Research (AMBER) Centre, Dublin, Ireland
- Centre for Research on Adaptive Nanostructures and Nanodevices (CRANN), Trinity College Dublin (TCD), Dublin, Ireland
| | - Francesco Santarella
- Kearney Lab, Department of Anatomy and Regenerative Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland (RCSI), Dublin, Ireland
- Tissue Engineering Research Group (TERG), Department of Anatomy, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland (RCSI), Dublin, Ireland
| | - Christopher R. Simpson
- Tissue Engineering Research Group (TERG), Department of Anatomy, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland (RCSI), Dublin, Ireland
| | - Ciara M. Murphy
- Tissue Engineering Research Group (TERG), Department of Anatomy, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland (RCSI), Dublin, Ireland
- Advanced Materials and Bioengineering Research (AMBER) Centre, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Rukmani Sridharan
- Kearney Lab, Department of Anatomy and Regenerative Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland (RCSI), Dublin, Ireland
- Tissue Engineering Research Group (TERG), Department of Anatomy, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland (RCSI), Dublin, Ireland
| | - Arlyng González-Vázquez
- Tissue Engineering Research Group (TERG), Department of Anatomy, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland (RCSI), Dublin, Ireland
- Advanced Materials and Bioengineering Research (AMBER) Centre, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Barry O'Sullivan
- Beaumont Hospital, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland (RCSI), Dublin, Ireland
| | - Fergal J. O'Brien
- Tissue Engineering Research Group (TERG), Department of Anatomy, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland (RCSI), Dublin, Ireland
- Centre for Research in Medical Devices (CURAM), National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland
- Advanced Materials and Bioengineering Research (AMBER) Centre, Dublin, Ireland
- Trinity Centre for Bioengineering, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Cathal J. Kearney
- Kearney Lab, Department of Anatomy and Regenerative Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland (RCSI), Dublin, Ireland
- Tissue Engineering Research Group (TERG), Department of Anatomy, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland (RCSI), Dublin, Ireland
- Advanced Materials and Bioengineering Research (AMBER) Centre, Dublin, Ireland
- Trinity Centre for Bioengineering, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
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Limoli PG, Vingolo EM, Limoli C, Nebbioso M. Stem Cell Surgery and Growth Factors in Retinitis Pigmentosa Patients: Pilot Study after Literature Review. Biomedicines 2019; 7:biomedicines7040094. [PMID: 31801246 PMCID: PMC6966474 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines7040094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2019] [Revised: 11/23/2019] [Accepted: 11/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
To evaluate whether grafting of autologous mesenchymal cells, adipose-derived stem cells, and platelet-rich plasma into the supracoroideal space by surgical treatment with the Limoli retinal restoration technique (LRRT) can exert a beneficial effect in retinitis pigmentosa (RP) patients. Twenty-one eyes underwent surgery and were divided based on retinal foveal thickness (FT) ≤ 190 or > 190 µm into group A-FT and group B-FT, respectively. The specific LRRT triad was grafted in a deep scleral pocket above the choroid of each eye. At 6-month follow-up, group B showed a non-significant improvement in residual close-up visus and sensitivity at microperimetry compared to group A. After an in-depth review of molecular biology studies concerning degenerative phenomena underlying the etiopathogenesis of retinitis pigmentosa (RP), it was concluded that further research is needed on tapeto-retinal degenerations, both from a clinical and molecular point of view, to obtain better functional results. In particular, it is necessary to increase the number of patients, extend observation timeframes, and treat subjects in the presence of still trophic retinal tissue to allow adequate biochemical and functional catering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Giuseppe Limoli
- Low Vision Research Centre of Milan, p.zza Sempione 3, 20145 Milan, Italy; (P.G.L.); (C.L.)
| | - Enzo Maria Vingolo
- Department of Sense Organs, Faculty of Medicine and Odontology, Sapienza University of Rome, p.le A. Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy;
| | - Celeste Limoli
- Low Vision Research Centre of Milan, p.zza Sempione 3, 20145 Milan, Italy; (P.G.L.); (C.L.)
| | - Marcella Nebbioso
- Department of Sense Organs, Faculty of Medicine and Odontology, Sapienza University of Rome, p.le A. Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-06-49975422; Fax: +39-06-49975425
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García C, Pino A, Jimenez N, Truchuelo M, Jaén P, Anitua E. In vitro characterization and clinical use of platelet-rich plasma-derived Endoret-Gel as an autologous treatment for atrophic scars. J Cosmet Dermatol 2019; 19:1607-1613. [PMID: 31709744 DOI: 10.1111/jocd.13212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2019] [Revised: 09/10/2019] [Accepted: 10/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Normal healing process becomes severely dysregulated in pathophysiological conditions such as inflammation, infection or underlaying diseases. These scenarios hamper the standard healing pattern and dermal fibrotic tissue develops. OBJECTIVE In the present study a novel three-dimensional formulation (Endoret-Gel) based on plasma rich in growth factors technology (Endoret-PRGF) has been assessed for atrophic scar management. MATERIALS AND METHODS Microstructure analysis, growth factor content, and projection capacity of both formulations (Endoret-Gel and Endoret-PRGF) was assessed. Additionally, a clinical evaluation of Endoret-Gel treatment was also performed in a case of an extense atrophic scar. RESULTS Endoret-Gel presented high molecular weight plasmatic proteins that formed solid thermal aggregates enclosed by a stable fibrin network. This formulation has a higher cutaneous projection capacity compared with Endoret-PRGF. Both formulations presented a high load of bioactive proteins such as EGF, PDGF-AB, and IGF-I being higher in liquid Endoret-PRGF. Clinical results evidenced that infiltrations of Endoret-Gel derived in an early volumetric disposal that was maintained for several months. The treatment provided and immediate soft tissue augmentation and scar amelioration effect that was translated into a noticeable clinical improvement of the injury. No side effects or adverse events were reported during ten-month follow-up period. CONCLUSION These preliminary findings suggest that Endoret-Gel may act not only as a temporary volumizer but also as soft tissue stimulator that might be used as a monotherapy for scar management.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ander Pino
- BTI Biotechnology Institute, Vitoria, Spain
| | - Natalia Jimenez
- Grupo de Dermatología Pedro Jaén, Madrid, Spain.,University Hospital Ramon y Cajal, Madrid, Spain
| | - MªTeresa Truchuelo
- Grupo de Dermatología Pedro Jaén, Madrid, Spain.,Vithas Hospital Nuestra Señora de América, Madrid, Spain
| | - Pedro Jaén
- Grupo de Dermatología Pedro Jaén, Madrid, Spain.,University Hospital Ramon y Cajal, Madrid, Spain
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Ibares-Frías L, Gallego-Muñoz P, Orive G, Anitua E, Cantalapiedra-Rodríguez R, Merayo-Lloves J, Martínez-García M. Potential Effect of Plasma Rich in Growth Factors-Endoret in Stromal Wound Healing in Additive Surgery. Ophthalmic Res 2019; 63:203-212. [DOI: 10.1159/000501507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2018] [Accepted: 06/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Influence of Platelet-Rich and Platelet-Poor Plasma on Endogenous Mechanisms of Skeletal Muscle Repair/Regeneration. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20030683. [PMID: 30764506 PMCID: PMC6387315 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20030683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2019] [Revised: 01/29/2019] [Accepted: 02/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The morpho-functional recovery of injured skeletal muscle still represents an unmet need. None of the therapeutic options so far adopted have proved to be resolutive. A current scientific challenge remains the identification of effective strategies improving the endogenous skeletal muscle regenerative program. Indeed, skeletal muscle tissue possesses an intrinsic remarkable regenerative capacity in response to injury, mainly thanks to the activity of a population of resident muscle progenitors called satellite cells, largely influenced by the dynamic interplay established with different molecular and cellular components of the surrounding niche/microenvironment. Other myogenic non-satellite cells, residing within muscle or recruited via circulation may contribute to post-natal muscle regeneration. Unfortunately, in the case of extended damage the tissue repair may become aberrant, giving rise to a maladaptive fibrotic scar or adipose tissue infiltration, mainly due to dysregulated activity of different muscle interstitial cells. In this context, plasma preparations, including Platelet-Rich Plasma (PRP) and more recently Platelet-Poor Plasma (PPP), have shown advantages and promising therapeutic perspectives. This review focuses on the contribution of these blood-derived products on repair/regeneration of damaged skeletal muscle, paying particular attention to the potential cellular targets and molecular mechanisms through which these products may exert their beneficial effects.
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Chang Y, Li J, Wei LN, Pang J, Chen J, Liang X. Autologous platelet-rich plasma infusion improves clinical pregnancy rate in frozen embryo transfer cycles for women with thin endometrium. Medicine (Baltimore) 2019; 98:e14062. [PMID: 30653117 PMCID: PMC6370111 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000014062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adequate thickness of the endometrium has been well recognized as a critical factor for embryo implantation. This was a prospective cohort study to investigate the benefits of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) for women with thin endometrium who received frozen embryo transfer (FET) program in a larger number of patients and explore the underlying mechanism. METHODS In this study, we investigated the effects of PRP in women with thin endometrium in FET program. 64 patients with thin endometrium (<7 mm) were recruited. PRP intrauterine infusion was given in PRP group during hormone replacement therapy (HRT) cycle in FET cycles. RESULTS After PRP infusion, the endometrium thickness in PRP group was 7.65 ± 0.22 mm, which was significantly thicker than that in control group (6.52 ± 0.31 mm) (P <.05). Furthermore, PRP group had lower cycle cancellation rate when compared to control group (19.05% vs. 41.18%, P <.01). The implantation rate and clinical pregnancy rate in PRP group were significantly higher than those in control group (27.94% vs 11.67%, P <.05; 44.12% vs 20%, P <.05, respectively). PRP blood contained 4 folds higher platelets and significantly greater amounts of growth factors including platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)-AB, PDGF-BB, and transforming growth factor (TGF)-β than peripheral blood (P <.01). CONCLUSIONS PRP plays a positive role in promoting endometrium proliferation, improving embryo implantation rate and clinical pregnancy rate for women with thin endometrium in FET cycles.
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Autologous fibrin scaffolds: When platelet- and plasma-derived biomolecules meet fibrin. Biomaterials 2018; 192:440-460. [PMID: 30500725 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2018.11.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2018] [Revised: 11/08/2018] [Accepted: 11/20/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The healing of vascularized mammalian tissue injuries initiate with hemostasis and clotting as part of biological defense system leading to the formation of a fibrin clot in which activated platelets are trapped to quickly stop bleeding and destroy microbials. In order to harness the therapeutic potential of biomolecules secreted by platelets and stemmed from plasma, blood deconstruction has allowed to yield autologous platelet-and plasma-derived protein fibrin scaffold. The autologous growth factors and microparticles stemmed from platelets and plasma, interact with fibrin, extracellular matrix, and tissue cells in a combinatorial, synergistic, and multidirectional way on mechanisms governing tissue repair. This interplay will induce a wide range of cell specifications during inflammation and repair process including but not limited to fibrogenesis, angiogenesis, and immunomodulation. As biology-as-a-drug approach, autologous platelet-and plasma-derived protein fibrin scaffold is emerging as a safe and efficacious natural human-engineered growth factor delivery system to repair musculoskeletal tissues, and skin and corneal ulcers and burns. In doing so, it acts as therapeutic agent not perfect but close to biological precision. However, this autologous, biocompatible, biodegradable, and long in vivo lasting strategy faces several challenges, including its non-conventional single dose-response effect, the lack of standardization in its preparation and application, and the patient's biological features. In this review, we give an account of the main events of tissue repair. Then, we describe the procedure to prepare autologous platelet-and plasma-derived protein fibrin scaffolds, and the rationale behind these biomaterials, and finally, we highlight the significance of strategic accuracy in their application.
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Demirel E, Yildiz K, Çadirci K, Aygün H, Şenocak E, Gündoğdu B. Effect of platelet-rich fibrin on epidural fibrosis and comparison to ADCON® Gel and hyaluronic acid. ACTA ORTHOPAEDICA ET TRAUMATOLOGICA TURCICA 2018; 52:469-474. [PMID: 30217689 PMCID: PMC6318501 DOI: 10.1016/j.aott.2018.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2017] [Revised: 04/21/2018] [Accepted: 07/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Objective In this experimental study, PRF (Platelet Rich Fibrin), HA (Hyaluronic Acid) gel and ADCON® Gel were compared in terms of preventing epidural fibrosis. Methods Twenty-eight Sprague–Dawley rats (mean weight, 400–450 g) were divided into 4 groups. L3-L4 laminectomy was performed in each group. Following laminectomy, Adcon® Gel, HA gel and PRF were applied onto the surgery site locally in Group 1, 2 and 3, respectively. Group 4 was maintained as control without any local application. After five weeks, L3-L4 vertebrae were removed totally and taken to histopathological evaluation for epidural fibrosis, acute inflammatory cell density, chronic inflammatory cell density, hemorrhage, angiogenesis and new bone formation. Results Acute inflammation cell density, angiogenesis, and new bone formation levels were comparable among the study groups (p > 0.05). However, new bone formation was higher in the PRF group. Epidural fibrosis and chronic inflammatory cell density were significantly lower in the PRF group (p < 0.05). Conclusion We concluded that PRF contributed to hemostasis and prevented epidural fibrosis.
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Ratajczak J, Vangansewinkel T, Gervois P, Merckx G, Hilkens P, Quirynen M, Lambrichts I, Bronckaers A. Angiogenic Properties of 'Leukocyte- and Platelet-Rich Fibrin'. Sci Rep 2018; 8:14632. [PMID: 30279483 PMCID: PMC6168453 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-32936-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2018] [Accepted: 09/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Leukocyte- and Platelet-Rich Fibrin (L-PRF) is an autologous platelet concentrate, consisting of a fibrin matrix enriched with platelets, leukocytes and a plethora of cytokines and growth factors. Since L-PRF is produced bedside from whole blood without the use of an anti-coagulant, it is becoming a popular adjuvant in regenerative medicine. While other types of platelet concentrates have been described to stimulate blood vessel formation, little is known about the angiogenic capacities of L-PRF. Therefore, this study aimed to fully characterize the angiogenic potential of L-PRF. With an antibody array, the growth factors released by L-PRF were determined and high levels of CXC chemokine receptor 2 (CXCR-2) ligands and epidermal growth factor (EGF) were found. L-PRF induced in vitro key steps of the angiogenic process: endothelial proliferation, migration and tube formation. In addition, we could clearly demonstrate that L-PRF is able to induce blood vessel formation in vivo, the chorioallantoic membrane assay. In conclusion, we could demonstrate the angiogenic capacity of L-PRF both in vitro and in vivo, underlying the clinical potential of this easy-to-use platelet concentrate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Ratajczak
- Department of Morphology, Biomedical Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Tim Vangansewinkel
- Department of Morphology, Biomedical Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Pascal Gervois
- Department of Morphology, Biomedical Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Greet Merckx
- Department of Morphology, Biomedical Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Petra Hilkens
- Department of Morphology, Biomedical Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Marc Quirynen
- Department of Oral Health Sciences, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven (KUL) & Periodontology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Ivo Lambrichts
- Department of Morphology, Biomedical Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Annelies Bronckaers
- Department of Morphology, Biomedical Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium.
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Chellini F, Tani A, Vallone L, Nosi D, Pavan P, Bambi F, Zecchi Orlandini S, Sassoli C. Platelet-Rich Plasma Prevents In Vitro Transforming Growth Factor-β1-Induced Fibroblast to Myofibroblast Transition: Involvement of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF)-A/VEGF Receptor-1-Mediated Signaling †. Cells 2018; 7:cells7090142. [PMID: 30235859 PMCID: PMC6162453 DOI: 10.3390/cells7090142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2018] [Revised: 09/14/2018] [Accepted: 09/16/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The antifibrotic potential of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) is controversial. This study examined the effects of PRP on in vitro transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1-induced differentiation of fibroblasts into myofibroblasts, the main drivers of fibrosis, and the involvement of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-A in mediating PRP-induced responses. The impact of PRP alone on fibroblast differentiation was also assessed. Myofibroblastic phenotype was evaluated by confocal fluorescence microscopy and western blotting analyses of α-smooth muscle actin (sma) and type-1 collagen expression, vinculin-rich focal adhesion clustering, and stress fiber assembly. Notch-1, connexin 43, and VEGF-A expression were also analyzed by RT-PCR. PRP negatively regulated fibroblast-myofibroblast transition via VEGF-A/VEGF receptor (VEGFR)-1-mediated inhibition of TGF-β1/Smad3 signaling. Indeed TGF-β1/PRP co-treated fibroblasts showed a robust attenuation of the myofibroblastic phenotype concomitant with a decrease of Smad3 expression levels. The VEGFR-1 inhibition by KRN633 or blocking antibodies, or VEGF-A neutralization in these cells prevented the PRP-promoted effects. Moreover PRP abrogated the TGF-β1-induced reduction of VEGF-A and VEGFR-1 cell expression. The role of VEGF-A signaling in counteracting myofibroblast generation was confirmed by cell treatment with soluble VEGF-A. PRP as single treatment did not induce fibroblast myodifferentiation. This study provides new insights into cellular and molecular mechanisms underpinning PRP antifibrotic action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flaminia Chellini
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Section of Anatomy and Histology, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy.
| | - Alessia Tani
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Section of Anatomy and Histology, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy.
| | - Larissa Vallone
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Section of Anatomy and Histology, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy.
| | - Daniele Nosi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Section of Anatomy and Histology, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy.
| | - Paola Pavan
- Transfusion Medicine and Cell Therapy Unit, "A. Meyer" University Children's Hospital, 50139 Florence, Italy.
| | - Franco Bambi
- Transfusion Medicine and Cell Therapy Unit, "A. Meyer" University Children's Hospital, 50139 Florence, Italy.
| | - Sandra Zecchi Orlandini
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Section of Anatomy and Histology, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy.
| | - Chiara Sassoli
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Section of Anatomy and Histology, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy.
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Torul D, Bereket MC, Onger ME, Altun G. Comparison of the Regenerative Effects of Platelet-Rich Fibrin and Plasma Rich in Growth Factors on Injured Peripheral Nerve: An Experimental Study. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2018; 76:1823.e1-1823.e12. [PMID: 29763577 DOI: 10.1016/j.joms.2018.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2018] [Revised: 03/30/2018] [Accepted: 04/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) and plasma rich in growth factors (PRGF) on peripheral nerve injury in the early period of healing. MATERIAL AND METHODS Thirty Wistar albino rats were used in this study. Rats were divided into control (C), damaged (D), PRF, and PRGF groups. The left sciatic nerves of each group were identified as group C. Crush-type injury was performed on the right sciatic nerves of the D, PRF, and PRGF groups. In the PRF and PRGF groups, blood 2 mL was obtained to prepare the PRF and PRGF and the biomaterials were applied to the injured nerve area. After 8 weeks, functional, electrophysiologic, and stereological evaluations were performed. RESULTS For the electrophysiologic evaluation, the latency and amplitude values in the D, PRF, and PRGF groups were significantly lower than those in the C group (P > .05). According to the sciatic functional index result, there were significant differences between groups D and PRF and between groups D and PRGF (P = .000). For the stereological evaluations, although no significant difference was observed between the PRGF and C groups (P > .05), a significant difference was observed among the D, PRF, and PRGF groups for myelinated axon number. There were significant differences between groups D and PRF and between groups D and PRGF for axon area (P = .021 and .001, respectively). No significant difference was observed among the D, PRF, and PRGF groups for myelin sheath thickness and ratio of axon area to myelin sheath thickness (P > .05). CONCLUSIONS The results of this study suggest that PRGF increases nerve regeneration in the early period of healing and that the limited early action of PRF should be re-evaluated in the late period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damla Torul
- Research Assistant, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Ondokuz Mayis University, Samsun, Turkey.
| | - Mehmet Cihan Bereket
- Associate Professor, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Ondokuz Mayis University, Samsun, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Emin Onger
- Assistant Professor, Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Dentistry, Ondokuz Mayis University, Samsun, Turkey
| | - Gamze Altun
- Research Assistant, Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Dentistry, Ondokuz Mayis University, Samsun, Turkey
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Soft Tissue Repair with Easy-Accessible Autologous Newborn Placenta or Umbilical Cord Blood in Severe Malformations: A Primary Evaluation. Stem Cells Int 2018; 2017:1626741. [PMID: 29403534 PMCID: PMC5748284 DOI: 10.1155/2017/1626741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2017] [Revised: 10/12/2017] [Accepted: 10/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Disrupted organogenesis leads to permanent malformations that may require surgical correction. Autologous tissue grafts may be needed in severe lack of orthotopic tissue but include donor site morbidity. The placenta is commonly discarded after birth and has a therapeutic potential. The aim of this study was to determine if the amnion from placenta or plasma rich of growth factors (PRGF) with mononuclear cells (MNC) from umbilical cord blood (UCB), collected noninvasively, could be used as bio-constructs for autologous transplantation as an easy-accessible no cell culture-required method. Human amnion and PRGF gel were isolated and kept in culture for up to 21 days with or without small intestine submucosa (SIS). The cells in the constructs showed a robust phenotype without induced increased proliferation (Ki67) or apoptosis (caspase 3), but the constructs showed decreased integrity of the amnion-epithelial layer at the end of culture. Amnion-residing cells in the SIS constructs expressed CD73 or pan-cytokeratin, and cells in the PRGF-SIS constructs expressed CD45 and CD34. This study shows that amnion and UCB are potential sources for production of autologous grafts in the correction of congenital soft tissue defects. The constructs can be made promptly after birth with minimal handling or cell expansion needed.
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Combined use of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (BM-MSCs) and platelet rich plasma (PRP) stimulates proliferation and differentiation of myoblasts in vitro: new therapeutic perspectives for skeletal muscle repair/regeneration. Cell Tissue Res 2018; 372:549-570. [PMID: 29404727 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-018-2792-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2017] [Accepted: 01/06/2018] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Satellite cell-mediated skeletal muscle repair/regeneration is compromised in cases of extended damage. Bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells (BM-MSCs) hold promise for muscle healing but some criticisms hamper their clinical application, including the need to avoid animal serum contamination for expansion and the scarce survival after transplant. In this context, platelet-rich plasma (PRP) could offer advantages. Here, we compare the effects of PRP or standard culture media on C2C12 myoblast, satellite cell and BM-MSC viability, survival, proliferation and myogenic differentiation and evaluate PRP/BM-MSC combination effects in promoting myogenic differentiation. PRP induced an increase of mitochondrial activity and Ki67 expression comparable or even greater than that elicited by standard media and promoted AKT signaling activation in myoblasts and BM-MSCs and Notch-1 pathway activation in BM-MSCs. It stimulated MyoD, myogenin, α-sarcomeric actin and MMP-2 expression in myoblasts and satellite cell activation. Notably, PRP/BM-MSC combination was more effective than PRP alone. We found that BM-MSCs influenced myoblast responses through a paracrine activation of AKT signaling, contributing to shed light on BM-MSC action mechanisms. Our results suggest that PRP represents a good serum substitute for BM-MSC manipulation in vitro and could be beneficial towards transplanted cells in vivo. Moreover, it might influence muscle resident progenitors' fate, thus favoring the endogenous repair/regeneration mechanisms. Finally, within the limitations of an in vitro experimentation, this study provides an experimental background for considering the PRP/BM-MSC combination as a potential therapeutic tool for skeletal muscle damage, combining the beneficial effects of BM-MSCs and PRP on muscle tissue, while potentiating BM-MSC functionality.
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Limoli PG, Limoli C, Vingolo EM, Scalinci SZ, Nebbioso M. Cell surgery and growth factors in dry age-related macular degeneration: visual prognosis and morphological study. Oncotarget 2018; 7:46913-46923. [PMID: 27391437 PMCID: PMC5216913 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.10442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2016] [Accepted: 06/07/2016] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The aim of this research was to study the overall restoration effect on residual retinal cells through surgically grafted autologous cells onto the surrounding tissue, choroid and retina in order to produce a constant secretion of growth factors (GFs) in dry age-related macular degeneration (AMD) patients. Results 6 months after surgery, several values were statistically significant in the group with higher RTA. Also patient compliance analysis (PCA) in relation to functional change perception appeared to be very good. Methods Thirty-six eyes of 25 patients (range 64-84 years of age) affected by dry AMD were included in study, and divided in two groups by spectral domain-optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT): group A with retinal thickness average (RTA) less than 250 microns (μm) and group B with RTA equal to or more than 250 μm. Adipocytes, adipose-derived stem cells from the stromal-vascular fraction, and platelets from platelet-rich plasma were implanted in the suprachoroidal space. Particularly, the following parameters were evaluated: best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) for far and near distance, retinal thickness maps, scotopic and photopic electroretinogram (ERG), and microperimetry (MY). All statistical analyses were performed with STATA 14.0 (Collage Station, Texas, USA). Conclusions The available set of GFs allowed biological retinal neuroenhancement. After 6 months it improved visual performance (VP), but the increase was better if RTA recorded by OCT was higher, probably in relation to the presence of areas with greater cellularity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Enzo Maria Vingolo
- Department of Ophthalmology, A. Fiorini Hospital, Terracina, Polo Pontino, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Sergio Zaccaria Scalinci
- Departement of Ophthalmology, Glaucoma and Low Vision Study Center, University of Bologna, S. Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, Bologna, Italy
| | - Marcella Nebbioso
- Department of Sense Organs, Faculty of Medicine and Odontology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
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Treatment of patients with neurotrophic keratitis stages 2 and 3 with plasma rich in growth factors (PRGF-Endoret) eye-drops. Int Ophthalmol 2017; 38:1193-1204. [DOI: 10.1007/s10792-017-0582-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2016] [Accepted: 06/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Human-Based Biological and Biomimetic Autologous Therapies for Musculoskeletal Tissue Regeneration. Trends Biotechnol 2017; 35:192-202. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tibtech.2016.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2016] [Revised: 09/21/2016] [Accepted: 09/29/2016] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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Sánchez M, Garate A, Delgado D, Padilla S. Platelet-rich plasma, an adjuvant biological therapy to assist peripheral nerve repair. Neural Regen Res 2017; 12:47-52. [PMID: 28250739 PMCID: PMC5319232 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.198973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Therapies such as direct tension-free microsurgical repair or transplantation of a nerve autograft, are nowadays used to treat traumatic peripheral nerve injuries (PNI), focused on the enhancement of the intrinsic regenerative potential of injured axons. However, these therapies fail to recreate the suitable cellular and molecular microenvironment of peripheral nerve repair and in some cases, the functional recovery of nerve injuries is incomplete. Thus, new biomedical engineering strategies based on tissue engineering approaches through molecular intervention and scaffolding offer promising outcomes on the field. In this sense, evidence is accumulating in both, preclinical and clinical settings, indicating that platelet-rich plasma products, and fibrin scaffold obtained from this technology, hold an important therapeutic potential as a neuroprotective, neurogenic and neuroinflammatory therapeutic modulator system, as well as enhancing the sensory and motor functional nerve muscle unit recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikel Sánchez
- Arthroscopic Surgery Unit, Hospital Vithas San José, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain; Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Ane Garate
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Diego Delgado
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
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Sánchez M, Anitua E, Delgado D, Sanchez P, Prado R, Orive G, Padilla S. Platelet-rich plasma, a source of autologous growth factors and biomimetic scaffold for peripheral nerve regeneration. Expert Opin Biol Ther 2016; 17:197-212. [DOI: 10.1080/14712598.2017.1259409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mikel Sánchez
- Arthroscopic Surgery Unit, Hospital Vithas San José, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - Eduardo Anitua
- BTI Biotechnology Institute, Vitoria, Spain
- Eduardo Anitua Foundation, Vitoria, Spain
| | - Diego Delgado
- Arthroscopic Surgery Unit Research, Hospital Vithas San José, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - Peio Sanchez
- Arthroscopic Surgery Unit Research, Hospital Vithas San José, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | | | - Gorka Orive
- BTI Biotechnology Institute, Vitoria, Spain
- Eduardo Anitua Foundation, Vitoria, Spain
- Lab of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of The Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red, Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Madrid, Spain
| | - Sabino Padilla
- BTI Biotechnology Institute, Vitoria, Spain
- Eduardo Anitua Foundation, Vitoria, Spain
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Anitua E, Pino A, Orive G. Plasma rich in growth factors promotes dermal fibroblast proliferation, migration and biosynthetic activity. J Wound Care 2016; 25:680-687. [DOI: 10.12968/jowc.2016.25.11.680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- E. Anitua
- Eduardo Anitua Foundation, Vitoria, Spain
- BTI Biotechnology Institute, Vitoria, Spain
| | - A. Pino
- Eduardo Anitua Foundation, Vitoria, Spain
| | - G. Orive
- Eduardo Anitua Foundation, Vitoria, Spain
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Bonazza V, Borsani E, Buffoli B, Castrezzati S, Rezzani R, Rodella LF. How the different material and shape of the blood collection tube influences the Concentrated Growth Factors production. Microsc Res Tech 2016; 79:1173-1178. [DOI: 10.1002/jemt.22772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2016] [Revised: 07/29/2016] [Accepted: 08/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Veronica Bonazza
- Division of Anatomy and Physiopathology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences; University of Brescia; Brescia 25123 Italy
| | - Elisa Borsani
- Division of Anatomy and Physiopathology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences; University of Brescia; Brescia 25123 Italy
- Interdipartimental University Center of Research “Adaption and Regeneration of Tissues and Organs-(ARTO)”, University of Brescia; Brescia 25123 Italy
| | - Barbara Buffoli
- Division of Anatomy and Physiopathology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences; University of Brescia; Brescia 25123 Italy
- Interdipartimental University Center of Research “Adaption and Regeneration of Tissues and Organs-(ARTO)”, University of Brescia; Brescia 25123 Italy
| | - Stefania Castrezzati
- Division of Anatomy and Physiopathology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences; University of Brescia; Brescia 25123 Italy
| | - Rita Rezzani
- Division of Anatomy and Physiopathology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences; University of Brescia; Brescia 25123 Italy
- Interdipartimental University Center of Research “Adaption and Regeneration of Tissues and Organs-(ARTO)”, University of Brescia; Brescia 25123 Italy
| | - Luigi Fabrizio Rodella
- Division of Anatomy and Physiopathology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences; University of Brescia; Brescia 25123 Italy
- Interdipartimental University Center of Research “Adaption and Regeneration of Tissues and Organs-(ARTO)”, University of Brescia; Brescia 25123 Italy
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Wang J, Wang H, Li J, Liu Z, Xie H, Wei X, Lu D, Zhuang R, Xu X, Zheng S. iRGD-Decorated Polymeric Nanoparticles for the Efficient Delivery of Vandetanib to Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Preparation and in Vitro and in Vivo Evaluation. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2016; 8:19228-37. [PMID: 27381493 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6b03166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Molecularly targeted agents that are designed to target specific lesions have been proven effective as clinical cancer therapies; however, most currently available therapeutic agents are poorly water-soluble and require oral administration, thereby resulting in low bioavailability and a high risk of side effects due to dose intensification. The rational engineering of systemically injectable medicines that encapsulate such therapeutic payloads may revolutionize anticancer therapies and remains an under-explored area of drug development. Here, the injectable delivery of a nanomedicine complexed with an oral multitargeted kinase inhibitor, vandetanib (vanib), was explored using polymeric nanoparticles (NPs) to achieve the selective accumulation of drug payloads within tumor lesions. To demonstrate this concept, we used biodegradable amphiphilic block copolymer poly(ethylene glycol)-block-poly(D, L-lactic acid) (PEG-PLA) to nanoprecipitate this potent agent to form water-soluble NPs that are suitable for intravenous administration. NP-vanib induced cytotoxic activity by inhibiting the angiogenetic events mediated by VEGFR and EGFR kinases in tested cancer cells and inhibited the growth, tube formation and metastasis of HUVECs. The intravenously injection of NP-vanib into mice bearing HCC BEL-7402 xenografts more effectively inhibited the tumor than the oral administration of vanib. In addition, due to the modular design of these NPs, the drug-loaded particles can easily be decorated with iRGD, a tumor-homing and -penetrating peptide motif, which further improved the in vivo performance of these vanib-loaded NPs. Our results demonstrate that reformulating targeted therapeutic agents in NPs permits their systemic administration and thus significantly improves the potency of currently available, orally delivered agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianguo Wang
- The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University , Hangzhou, 310003, PR China
| | - Hangxiang Wang
- The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University , Hangzhou, 310003, PR China
| | - Jie Li
- The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University , Hangzhou, 310003, PR China
| | - Zhikun Liu
- The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University , Hangzhou, 310003, PR China
| | - Haiyang Xie
- The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University , Hangzhou, 310003, PR China
| | - Xuyong Wei
- The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University , Hangzhou, 310003, PR China
| | - Di Lu
- The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University , Hangzhou, 310003, PR China
| | - Runzhou Zhuang
- The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University , Hangzhou, 310003, PR China
| | - Xiao Xu
- The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University , Hangzhou, 310003, PR China
| | - Shusen Zheng
- The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University , Hangzhou, 310003, PR China
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Platelet-Rich Plasma Obtained with Different Anticoagulants and Their Effect on Platelet Numbers and Mesenchymal Stromal Cells Behavior In Vitro. Stem Cells Int 2016; 2016:7414036. [PMID: 27340410 PMCID: PMC4909912 DOI: 10.1155/2016/7414036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2016] [Revised: 04/09/2016] [Accepted: 04/27/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
There are promising results in the use of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) for musculoskeletal tissue repair. However, the variability in the methodology for its obtaining may cause different and opposing findings in the literature. Particularly, the choice of the anticoagulant is the first definition to be made. In this work, blood was collected with sodium citrate (SC), ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), or anticoagulant citrate dextrose (ACD) solution A, as anticoagulants, prior to PRP obtaining. Hematological analysis and growth factors release quantification were performed, and the effects on mesenchymal stromal cell (MSC) culture, such as cytotoxicity and cell proliferation (evaluated by MTT method) and gene expression, were evaluated. The use of EDTA resulted in higher platelet yield in whole blood; however, it induced an increase in the mean platelet volume (MPV) following the blood centrifugation steps for PRP obtaining. The use of SC and ACD resulted in higher induction of MSC proliferation. On the other hand, PRP obtained in SC presented the higher platelet recovery after the blood first centrifugation step and a minimal change in MSC gene expression. Therefore, we suggest the use of SC as the anticoagulant for PRP obtaining.
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Merayo-Lloves J, Sanchez-Avila RM, Riestra AC, Anitua E, Begoña L, Orive G, Fernandez-Vega L. Safety and Efficacy of Autologous Plasma Rich in Growth Factors Eye Drops for the Treatment of Evaporative Dry Eye. Ophthalmic Res 2016; 56:68-73. [DOI: 10.1159/000444496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2015] [Accepted: 02/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Anitua E, Prado R, Troya M, Zalduendo M, de la Fuente M, Pino A, Muruzabal F, Orive G. Implementation of a more physiological plasma rich in growth factor (PRGF) protocol: Anticoagulant removal and reduction in activator concentration. Platelets 2016; 27:459-66. [PMID: 26940906 DOI: 10.3109/09537104.2016.1143921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Plasma rich in growth factors (PRGF) is a biological therapy that uses patient's own growth factors for promoting tissue regeneration. Given the current European regulatory framework in which anticoagulant solution in blood extraction tubes could be considered as a medicinal product, a new PRGF protocol has been developed. The actual protocol (PRGF-A) and the new one (PRGF-B) have been performed and compared under Good Laboratory Practices. PRGF-A protocol uses extraction tubes with 0.9 mL of trisodium citrate as anticoagulant and 50 μL of calcium chloride/mL PRGF to activate it. The PRGF-B reduces the amount of sodium citrate and calcium chloride to 0.4 mL and to 20 μL, respectively. Basic hematological parameters, platelet function, the scaffold obtaining process, growth factors content, and the biological effect were compared between both PRGF obtaining protocols. RESULTS PRGF-B protocol led to a statistically significant higher enrichment and recovery of platelets regarding to the PRGF-A. Hypotonic stress response by platelets was significantly better in the new protocol. A statistically significant decrease in the basal platelet activation status of PRGF-B compared to PRGF-A was also observed. The duration of the lag phase in the platelet aggregation assay was statistically lower for the PRGF-B protocol. Both the clotting and the clot retraction time were significantly reduced in the B protocol. A higher growth factor concentration was detected in the plasma obtained using the PRGF-B protocol. The new PRGF obtaining protocol, with a reduction in the amount of anticoagulant and activator, has even improved the actual one.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo Anitua
- a BTI-Biotechnology Institute , Vitoria , Spain.,b Eduardo Anitua Foundation for Biomedical Research , Vitoria , Spain
| | | | - María Troya
- a BTI-Biotechnology Institute , Vitoria , Spain
| | | | | | - Ander Pino
- a BTI-Biotechnology Institute , Vitoria , Spain
| | | | - Gorka Orive
- a BTI-Biotechnology Institute , Vitoria , Spain.,b Eduardo Anitua Foundation for Biomedical Research , Vitoria , Spain
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Merayo-Lloves J, Sanchez RM, Riestra AC, Anitua E, Bego�a L, Orive G, Fernandez-Vega L. Autologous Plasma Rich in Growth Factors Eyedrops in Refractory Cases of Ocular Surface Disorders. Ophthalmic Res 2015; 55:53-61. [DOI: 10.1159/000439280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2015] [Accepted: 08/07/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Martínez CE, Smith PC, Palma Alvarado VA. The influence of platelet-derived products on angiogenesis and tissue repair: a concise update. Front Physiol 2015; 6:290. [PMID: 26539125 PMCID: PMC4611136 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2015.00290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 131] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2015] [Accepted: 10/02/2015] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Platelet degranulation allows the release of a large amount of soluble mediators, is an essential step for wound healing initiation, and stimulates clotting, and angiogenesis. The latter process is one of the most critical biological events observed during tissue repair, increasing the growth of blood vessels in the maturing wound. Angiogenesis requires the action of a variety of growth factors that act in an appropriate physiological ratio to assure functional blood vessel restoration. Platelets release main regulators of angiogenesis: Vascular Endothelial Growth Factors (VEGFs), basic fibroblast growth factor (FGF-2), and Platelet derived growth factors (PDGFs), among others. In order to stimulate tissue repair, platelet derived fractions have been used as an autologous source of growth factors and biomolecules, namely Platelet Rich Plasma (PRP), Platelet Poor Plasma (PPP), and Platelet Rich Fibrin (PRF). The continuous release of these growth factors has been proposed to promote angiogenesis both in vitro and in vivo. Considering the existence of clinical trials currently evaluating the efficacy of autologous PRP, the present review analyses fundamental questions regarding the putative role of platelet derived fractions as regulators of angiogenesis and evaluates the possible clinical implications of these formulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Constanza E Martínez
- Dentistry Academic Unit, Laboratory of Periodontal Biology and Regeneration, Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile Santiago, Chile
| | - Patricio C Smith
- Dentistry Academic Unit, Laboratory of Periodontal Biology and Regeneration, Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile Santiago, Chile
| | - Verónica A Palma Alvarado
- Laboratory of Stem Cells and Development, Faculty of Science, FONDAP Center for Genome Regulation, University of Chile Santiago, Chile
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Rodella LF, Bonazza V. Platelet preparations in dentistry: How? Why? Where? When? World J Stomatol 2015; 4:39-55. [DOI: 10.5321/wjs.v4.i2.39] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2015] [Revised: 04/08/2015] [Accepted: 04/30/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this article is to review the outcomes of platelet preparations in dentistry. A structured electronic search discovered 348 articles, which described the use of autologous platelet concentrates with a relevance to clinical dentistry. Among these articles, 220 articles investigated platelet rich plasma, 99 investigated platelet rich fibrin, 22 investigated plasma rich in growth factors and 7 investigated the use of concentrated growth factors. Several studies reported beneficial treament outcomes in terms of enhanced bone and soft tissue regeneration.
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