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Nanoparticle-Based Techniques for Bladder Cancer Imaging: A Review. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24043812. [PMID: 36835222 PMCID: PMC9965346 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24043812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Revised: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/11/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Bladder cancer is very common in humans and is often characterized by recurrences, compromising the patient's quality of life with a substantial social and economic impact. Both the diagnosis and treatment of bladder cancer are problematic due to the exceptionally impermeable barrier formed by the urothelium lining the bladder; this hinders the penetration of molecules via intravesical instillation while making it difficult to precisely label the tumor tissue for surgical resection or pharmacologic treatment. Nanotechnology has been envisaged as an opportunity to improve both the diagnostic and therapeutic approaches for bladder cancer since the nanoconstructs can cross the urothelial barrier and may be functionalized for active targeting, loaded with therapeutic agents, and visualized by different imaging techniques. In this article, we offer a selection of recent experimental applications of nanoparticle-based imaging techniques, with the aim of providing an easy and rapid technical guide for the development of nanoconstructs to specifically detect bladder cancer cells. Most of these applications are based on the well-established fluorescence imaging and magnetic resonance imaging currently used in the medical field and gave positive results on bladder cancer models in vivo, thus opening promising perspectives for the translation of preclinical results to the clinical practice.
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Zhang P, Wu G, Zhang D, Lai WF. Mechanisms and strategies to enhance penetration during intravesical drug therapy for bladder cancer. J Control Release 2023; 354:69-79. [PMID: 36603810 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2023.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2022] [Revised: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 01/01/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Bladder cancer (BCa) is one of the most prevalent cancers worldwide. The effectiveness of intravesical therapy for bladder cancer, however, is limited due to the short dwell time and the presence of permeation barriers. Considering the histopathological features of BCa, the permeation barriers for drugs to transport across consist of a mucus layer and a nether tumor physiological barrier. Mucoadhesive delivery systems or mucus-penetrating delivery systems are developed to enhance their retention in or penetration across the mucus layer, but delivery systems that are capable of mucoadhesion-to-mucopenetration transition are more efficient to deliver drugs across the mucus layer. For the tumor physiological barrier, delivery systems mainly rely on four types of penetration mechanisms to cross it. This review summarizes the classical and latest approaches to intravesical drug delivery systems to penetrate BCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pu Zhang
- Urology & Nephrology Center, Department of Urology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, China
| | - Guoqing Wu
- Urology & Nephrology Center, Department of Urology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, China
| | - Dahong Zhang
- Urology & Nephrology Center, Department of Urology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, China.
| | - Wing-Fu Lai
- Urology & Nephrology Center, Department of Urology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, China; Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China.
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Effects of Polymer Molecular Weight on In Vitro and In Vivo Performance of Nanoparticle Drug Carriers for Lymphoma Therapy. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2022.07.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Cheng B, Ahn HH, Nam H, Jiang Z, Gao FJ, Minn I, Pomper MG. A Unique Core–Shell Structured, Glycol Chitosan-Based Nanoparticle Achieves Cancer-Selective Gene Delivery with Reduced Off-Target Effects. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14020373. [PMID: 35214105 PMCID: PMC8878887 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14020373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Revised: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 02/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The inherent instability of nucleic acids within serum and the tumor microenvironment necessitates a suitable vehicle for non-viral gene delivery to malignant lesions. A specificity-conferring mechanism is also often needed to mitigate off-target toxicity. In the present study, we report a stable and efficient redox-sensitive nanoparticle system with a unique core–shell structure as a DNA carrier for cancer theranostics. Thiolated polyethylenimine (PEI-SH) is complexed with DNA through electrostatic interactions to form the core, and glycol chitosan-modified with succinimidyl 3-(2-pyridyldithio)propionate (GCS-PDP) is grafted on the surface through a thiolate-disulfide interchange reaction to form the shell. The resulting nanoparticles, GCS-PDP/PEI-SH/DNA nanoparticles (GNPs), exhibit high colloid stability in a simulated physiological environment and redox-responsive DNA release. GNPs not only show a high and redox-responsive cellular uptake, high transfection efficiency, and low cytotoxicity in vitro, but also exhibit selective tumor targeting, with minimal toxicity, in vivo, upon systemic administration. Such a performance positions GNPs as viable candidates for molecular-genetic imaging and theranostic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bei Cheng
- Department of Radiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; (B.C.); (H.-H.A.); (H.N.); (Z.J.)
| | - Hye-Hyun Ahn
- Department of Radiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; (B.C.); (H.-H.A.); (H.N.); (Z.J.)
| | - Hwanhee Nam
- Department of Radiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; (B.C.); (H.-H.A.); (H.N.); (Z.J.)
- Institute for NanoBioTechnology (INBT), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
| | - Zirui Jiang
- Department of Radiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; (B.C.); (H.-H.A.); (H.N.); (Z.J.)
| | - Feng J. Gao
- Department of Physiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA;
| | - Il Minn
- Department of Radiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; (B.C.); (H.-H.A.); (H.N.); (Z.J.)
- Institute for NanoBioTechnology (INBT), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
- Correspondence: (I.M.); (M.G.P.)
| | - Martin G. Pomper
- Department of Radiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; (B.C.); (H.-H.A.); (H.N.); (Z.J.)
- Institute for NanoBioTechnology (INBT), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
- Correspondence: (I.M.); (M.G.P.)
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A Systematic Review of Therapeutic Approaches Used in Experimental Models of Interstitial Cystitis/Bladder Pain Syndrome. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9080865. [PMID: 34440069 PMCID: PMC8389661 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9080865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Revised: 07/18/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome (IC/BPS) is a multifactorial, chronic bladder disorder with limited therapeutic options currently available. The present review provides an extensive overview of therapeutic approaches used in in vitro, ex vivo, and in vivo experimental models of IC/BPS. Publications were identified by electronic search of three online databases. Data were extracted for study design, type of treatment, main findings, and outcome, as well as for methodological quality and the reporting of measures to avoid bias. A total of 100 full-text articles were included. The majority of identified articles evaluated therapeutic agents currently recommended to treat IC/BPS by the American Urological Association guidelines (21%) and therapeutic agents currently approved to treat other diseases (11%). More recently published articles assessed therapeutic approaches using stem cells (11%) and plant-derived agents (10%), while novel potential drug targets identified were proteinase-activated (6%) and purinergic (4%) receptors, transient receptor potential channels (3%), microRNAs (2%), and activation of the cannabinoid system (7%). Our results show that the reported methodological quality of animal studies could be substantially improved, and measures to avoid bias should be more consistently reported in order to increase the value of preclinical research in IC/BPS for potential translation to a clinical setting.
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