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Li MC, Chang PY, Luo HR, Chang LY, Lin CY, Yang CY, Lee OKS, Wu Lee YH, Tarng DC. Functioning tailor-made 3D-printed vascular graft for hemodialysis. J Vasc Access 2024; 25:244-253. [PMID: 35773975 DOI: 10.1177/11297298221086173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The two ends of arteriovenous graft (AVG) are anastomosed to the upper limb vessels by surgery for hemodialysis therapy. However, the size of upper limb vessels varies to a large extent among different individuals. METHODS According to the shape and size of neck vessels quantified from the preoperative computed tomography angiographic scan, the ethylene-vinyl acetate (EVA)-based AVG was produced in H-shape by the three-dimensional (3D) printer and then sterilized. This study investigated the function of this novel 3D-printed AVG in vitro and in vivo. RESULTS This 3D-printed AVG can be implanted in the rabbit's common carotid artery and common jugular vein with ease and functions in vivo. The surgical procedure was quick, and no suture was required. The blood loss was minimal, and no hematoma was noted at least 1 week after the surgery. The blood flow velocity within the implanted AVG was 14.9 ± 3.7 cm/s. Additionally, the in vitro characterization experiments demonstrated that this EVA-based biomaterial is biocompatible and possesses a superior recovery property than ePTFE after hemodialysis needle cannulation. CONCLUSIONS Through the 3D printing technology, the EVA-based AVG can be tailor-made to fit the specific vessel size. This kind of 3D-printed AVG is functioning in vivo, and our results realize personalized vascular implants. Further large-animal studies are warranted to examine the long-term patency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Chia Li
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, College of Biological Science and Technology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu
- Center for Intelligent Drug Systems and Smart Bio-devices (IDS2B), Hsinchu
| | - Pu-Yuan Chang
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei
| | - Huai-Rou Luo
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, College of Biological Science and Technology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu
| | - Ling-Yuan Chang
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, College of Biological Science and Technology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu
| | - Chuan-Yi Lin
- Taiwan Instrument Research Center, National Applied Research Laboratories, Hsinchu
| | - Chih-Yu Yang
- Center for Intelligent Drug Systems and Smart Bio-devices (IDS2B), Hsinchu
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei
- Division of Clinical Toxicology and Occupational Medicine, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei
- Stem Cell Research Center, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei
| | - Oscar Kuang-Sheng Lee
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei
- Stem Cell Research Center, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung
| | - Yan-Hwa Wu Lee
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, College of Biological Science and Technology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu
- Center for Intelligent Drug Systems and Smart Bio-devices (IDS2B), Hsinchu
| | - Der-Cherng Tarng
- Center for Intelligent Drug Systems and Smart Bio-devices (IDS2B), Hsinchu
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei
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2
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Leong MY, Kong YL, Harun MY, Looi CY, Wong WF. Current advances of nanocellulose application in biomedical field. Carbohydr Res 2023; 532:108899. [PMID: 37478689 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2023.108899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Revised: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/23/2023]
Abstract
Nanocellulose (NC) is a natural fiber that can be extracted in fibrils or crystals form from different natural sources, including plants, bacteria, and algae. In recent years, nanocellulose has emerged as a sustainable biomaterial for various medicinal applications including drug delivery systems, wound healing, tissue engineering, and antimicrobial treatment due to its biocompatibility, low cytotoxicity, and exceptional water holding capacity for cell immobilization. Many antimicrobial products can be produced due to the chemical functionality of nanocellulose, such disposable antibacterial smart masks for healthcare use. This article discusses comprehensively three types of nanocellulose: cellulose nanocrystals (CNC), cellulose nanofibrils (CNF), and bacterial nanocellulose (BNC) in view of their structural and functional properties, extraction methods, and the distinctive biomedical applications based on the recently published work. On top of that, the biosafety profile and the future perspectives of nanocellulose-based biomaterials have been further discussed in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Y Leong
- School of Biosciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Taylor's University Lakeside Campus, 47500, Subang Jaya, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - Y L Kong
- Department of Engineering and Applied Sciences, American Degree Program, Taylor's University Lakeside Campus, 47500, Subang Jaya, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia.
| | - M Y Harun
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, UPM Serdang, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - C Y Looi
- School of Biosciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Taylor's University Lakeside Campus, 47500, Subang Jaya, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - W F Wong
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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3
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Junqueira LA, Raposo FJ, Vitral GSF, Tabriz AG, Douroumis D, Raposo NRB, Brandão MAF. Three-Dimensionally Printed Vaginal Rings: Perceptions of Women and Gynecologists in a Cross-Sectional Survey. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:2302. [PMID: 37765271 PMCID: PMC10537249 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15092302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2023] [Revised: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Three-dimensional printing technologies can be implemented for the fabrication of personalized vaginal rings (VRs) as an alternative approach to traditional manufacturing. Although several studies have demonstrated the potential of additive manufacturing, there is a lack of knowledge concerning the opinions of patients and clinicians. This study aimed to investigate the perception of women and gynecologists regarding VRs with personalized shapes. The devices were printed with different designs (traditional, "Y", "M", and flat circle) by Fused Deposition Modeling for a cross-sectional survey with 155 participants. Their anticipated opinion was assessed through a questionnaire after a visual/tactile analysis of the VRs. The findings revealed that most women would feel comfortable using some of the 3D-printed VR designs and demonstrated good acceptability for the traditional and two innovative designs. However, women presented multiple preferences when the actual geometry was assessed, which directly related to their age, previous use of the vaginal route, and perception of comfort. In turn, gynecologists favored prescribing traditional and flat circle designs. Overall, although there was a difference in the perception between women and gynecologists, they had a positive opinion of the 3D-printed VRs. Finally, the personalized VRs could lead to an increase in therapeutic adherence, by meeting women's preferences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Andrade Junqueira
- Center for Research and Innovation in Health Sciences, Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora 36036-900, MG, Brazil; (L.A.J.); (F.J.R.); (M.A.F.B.)
| | - Francisco José Raposo
- Center for Research and Innovation in Health Sciences, Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora 36036-900, MG, Brazil; (L.A.J.); (F.J.R.); (M.A.F.B.)
| | - Geraldo Sérgio Farinazzo Vitral
- Woman Health Investigation Group, Department of Surgery, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora 36036-900, MG, Brazil;
| | - Atabak Ghanizadeh Tabriz
- Centre for Innovation and Process Engineering Research, University of Greenwich, Chatham Maritime, Chatham ME4 4TB, UK; (A.G.T.); (D.D.)
| | - Dennis Douroumis
- Centre for Innovation and Process Engineering Research, University of Greenwich, Chatham Maritime, Chatham ME4 4TB, UK; (A.G.T.); (D.D.)
| | - Nádia Rezende Barbosa Raposo
- Center for Research and Innovation in Health Sciences, Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora 36036-900, MG, Brazil; (L.A.J.); (F.J.R.); (M.A.F.B.)
| | - Marcos Antônio Fernandes Brandão
- Center for Research and Innovation in Health Sciences, Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora 36036-900, MG, Brazil; (L.A.J.); (F.J.R.); (M.A.F.B.)
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Abdelhamid M, Corzo C, Ocampo AB, Maisriemler M, Slama E, Alva C, Lochmann D, Reyer S, Freichel T, Salar-Behzadi S, Spoerk M. Mechanically promoted lipid-based filaments via composition tuning for extrusion-based 3D-printing. Int J Pharm 2023; 643:123279. [PMID: 37524255 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2023.123279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Revised: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/02/2023]
Abstract
Lipid excipients are favorable materials in pharmaceutical formulations owing to their natural, biodegradable, low-toxic and solubility/permeability enhancing properties. The application of these materials with advanced manufacturing platforms, particularly filament-based 3D-printing, is attractive for personalized manufacturing of thermolabile drugs. However, the filament's weak mechanical properties limit their full potential. In this study, highly flexible filaments were extruded using PG6-C16P, a lipid-based excipient belonging to the group of polyglycerol esters of fatty acids (PGFAs), based on tuning the ratio between its major and minor composition fractions. Increasing the percentage of the minor fractions in the system was found to enhance the relevant mechanical filament properties by 50-fold, guaranteeing a flawless 3D-printability. Applying a novel liquid feeding approach further improved the mechanical filament properties at lower percentage of minor fractions, whilst circumventing the issues associated with the standard extrusion approach such as low throughput. Upon drug incorporation, the filaments retained high mechanical properties with a controlled drug release pattern. This work demonstrates PG6-C16 P as an advanced lipid-based material and a competitive printing excipient that can empower filament-based 3D-printing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moaaz Abdelhamid
- Research Center Pharmaceutical Engineering GmbH, Graz, Austria; Institute for Process and Particle Engineering, Graz University of Technology, Graz, Austria
| | - Carolina Corzo
- Research Center Pharmaceutical Engineering GmbH, Graz, Austria
| | | | | | - Eyke Slama
- Research Center Pharmaceutical Engineering GmbH, Graz, Austria
| | - Carolina Alva
- Research Center Pharmaceutical Engineering GmbH, Graz, Austria
| | | | | | | | - Sharareh Salar-Behzadi
- Research Center Pharmaceutical Engineering GmbH, Graz, Austria; University of Graz, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmaceutical, Technology and Biopharmacy, Graz, Austria.
| | - Martin Spoerk
- Research Center Pharmaceutical Engineering GmbH, Graz, Austria; Institute for Process and Particle Engineering, Graz University of Technology, Graz, Austria
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5
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Herold SE, Kyser AJ, Orr MG, Mahmoud MY, Lewis WG, Lewis AL, Steinbach-Rankins JM, Frieboes HB. Release Kinetics of Metronidazole from 3D Printed Silicone Scaffolds for Sustained Application to the Female Reproductive Tract. BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING ADVANCES 2023; 5:100078. [PMID: 37123989 PMCID: PMC10136949 DOI: 10.1016/j.bea.2023.100078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Sustained vaginal administration of antibiotics or probiotics has been proposed to improve treatment efficacy for bacterial vaginosis. 3D printing has shown promise for development of systems for local agent delivery. In contrast to oral ingestion, agent release kinetics can be fine-tuned by the 3D printing of specialized scaffold designs tailored for particular treatments while enhancing dosage effectiveness via localized sustained release. It has been challenging to establish scaffold properties as a function of fabrication parameters to obtain sustained release. In particular, the relationships between scaffold curing conditions, compressive strength, and drug release kinetics remain poorly understood. This study evaluates 3D printed scaffold formulation and feasibility to sustain the release of metronidazole, a commonly used antibiotic for BV. Cylindrical silicone scaffolds were printed and cured using three different conditions relevant to potential future incorporation of temperature-sensitive labile biologics. Compressive strength and drug release were monitored for 14d in simulated vaginal fluid to assess long-term effects of fabrication conditions on mechanical integrity and release kinetics. Scaffolds were mechanically evaluated to determine compressive and tensile strength, and elastic modulus. Release profiles were fitted to previous kinetic models to differentiate potential release mechanisms. The Higuchi, Korsmeyer-Peppas, and Peppas-Sahlin models best described the release, indicating similarity to release from insoluble or polymeric matrices. This study shows the feasibility of 3D printed silicone scaffolds to provide sustained metronidazole release over 14d, with compressive strength and drug release kinetics tuned by the fabrication parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sydney E. Herold
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Anthony J. Kyser
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Margaret G. Orr
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Bucknell University, Lewisburg, PA, USA
| | - Mohamed Y. Mahmoud
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA
- Department of Toxicology and Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Egypt
| | - Warren G. Lewis
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California USA
- Glycobiology Research and Training Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California USA
| | - Amanda L. Lewis
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California USA
- Glycobiology Research and Training Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California USA
| | - Jill M. Steinbach-Rankins
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Hermann B. Frieboes
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA
- Center for Predictive Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA
- UofL Health – Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville, KY, USA
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6
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Al-Litani K, Ali T, Robles Martinez P, Buanz A. 3D printed implantable drug delivery devices for women's health: Formulation challenges and regulatory perspective. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2023; 198:114859. [PMID: 37149039 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2023.114859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/29/2023] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Modern pharmaceutical interventions are shifting from traditional "one-size-fits-all" approaches toward tailored therapies. Following the regulatory approval of Spritam®, the first marketed drug manufactured using three-dimensional printing (3DP) technologies, there is a precedence set for the use of 3DP in the manufacture of pharmaceutical products. The involvement of 3DP technologies in pharmaceutical research has demonstrated its capabilities in enabling the customisation of characteristics such as drug dosing, release characteristics and product designs on an individualised basis. Nonetheless, research into 3DP implantable drug delivery devices lags behind that for oral devices, cell-based therapies and tissue engineering applications. The recent efforts and initiatives to address the disparity in women's health is overdue but should provide a drive for more research into this area, especially using new and emerging technologies as 3DP. Therefore, the focus of this review has been placed on the unique opportunity of formulating personalised implantable drug delivery systems using 3DP for women's health applications, particularly passive implants. An evaluation of the current landscape and key formulation challenges for achieving this is provided supplemented with critical insight into the current global regulatory status and its outlook.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen Al-Litani
- UCL School of Pharmacy, University College London, WC1N 1AX, London, UK
| | - Tariq Ali
- UCL School of Pharmacy, University College London, WC1N 1AX, London, UK; Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan
| | | | - Asma Buanz
- UCL School of Pharmacy, University College London, WC1N 1AX, London, UK; School of Science, Faculty of Engineering and Science, University of Greenwich, ME4 4TB, UK.
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7
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Controlled delivery via hot-melt extrusion: A focus on non-biodegradable carriers for non-oral applications. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2023.104289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2023]
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8
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Politakos N. Block Copolymers in 3D/4D Printing: Advances and Applications as Biomaterials. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:polym15020322. [PMID: 36679203 PMCID: PMC9864278 DOI: 10.3390/polym15020322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
3D printing is a manufacturing technique in constant evolution. Day by day, new materials and methods are discovered, making 3D printing continually develop. 3D printers are also evolving, giving us objects with better resolution, faster, and in mass production. One of the areas in 3D printing that has excellent potential is 4D printing. It is a technique involving materials that can react to an environmental stimulus (pH, heat, magnetism, humidity, electricity, and light), causing an alteration in their physical or chemical state and performing another function. Lately, 3D/4D printing has been increasingly used for fabricating materials aiming at drug delivery, scaffolds, bioinks, tissue engineering (soft and hard), synthetic organs, and even printed cells. The majority of the materials used in 3D printing are polymeric. These materials can be of natural origin or synthetic ones of different architectures and combinations. The use of block copolymers can combine the exemplary properties of both blocks to have better mechanics, processability, biocompatibility, and possible stimulus behavior via tunable structures. This review has gathered fundamental aspects of 3D/4D printing for biomaterials, and it shows the advances and applications of block copolymers in the field of biomaterials over the last years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikolaos Politakos
- POLYMAT, Applied Chemistry Department, Faculty of Chemistry, University of the Basque Country, UPV/EHU, Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal 3, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
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9
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Ring opening in epoxidized SIS block copolymer with thiolated nucleophiles and their antioxidant activity. REACT FUNCT POLYM 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2022.105445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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10
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Zupančič O, Spoerk M, Paudel A. Lipid-based solubilization technology via hot melt extrusion: promises and challenges. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2022; 19:1013-1032. [PMID: 35943158 DOI: 10.1080/17425247.2022.2112173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Self-emulsifying drug delivery systems (SEDDS) are a promising strategy to improve the oral bioavailability of poorly water-soluble drugs (PWSD). The excipients of SEDDS enable permeation through the mucus and gastro-intestinal barrier, inhibiting efflux transporters (e.g. P-glycoprotein) of drugs. Poor drug loading capacity and formulation instability are the main setbacks of traditional SEDDS. The use of polymeric precipitation inhibitors was shown to create supersaturable SEDDS with increased drug payload, and their solidification can help to overcome the instability challenge. As an alternative to several existing SEDDS solidification technologies, hot melt extrusion (HME) holds the potential for lean and continuous manufacturing of supersaturable solid-SEDDS. Despite being ubiquitously applied in solid lipid and polymeric processing, HME has not yet been widely considered for the preparation of SEDDS. AREAS COVERED The review begins with the rationale why SEDDS as the preferred lipid-based delivery systems (LBDS) is suitable for the oral delivery of PWSD and discusses the common barriers to oral administration. The potential of LBDS to surmount them is discussed. SEDDS as the flagship of LBDS for PWSD is proposed with a special emphasis on solid-SEDDS. Finally, the opportunities and challenges of HME from the lipid-based excipient (LBE) processing and product performance standpoint are highlighted. EXPERT OPINION HME can be a continuous, solvent-free, cost-effective, and scalable technology for manufacturing solid supersaturable SEDDS. Several critical formulations and process parameters in successfully preparing SEDDS via HME are identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ožbej Zupančič
- Research Center Pharmaceutical Engineering GmbH, Inffeldgasse 13, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Martin Spoerk
- Research Center Pharmaceutical Engineering GmbH, Inffeldgasse 13, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Amrit Paudel
- Research Center Pharmaceutical Engineering GmbH, Inffeldgasse 13, 8010 Graz, Austria.,Institute of Process and Particle Engineering, Graz University of Technology, Inffeldgasse 13, 8010 Graz, Austria
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Adrover-Monserrat B, García-Vilana S, Sánchez-Molina D, Llumà J, Jerez-Mesa R, Travieso-Rodriguez JA. Viscoelastic Characterization of a Thermoplastic Elastomer Processed through Material Extrusion. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14142914. [PMID: 35890690 PMCID: PMC9317395 DOI: 10.3390/polym14142914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Revised: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective. We aim to characterize the viscoelastic behavior of Polyether-Block-Amide (PEBA 90A), provide reference values for the parameters of a constitutive model for the simulation of mechanical behaviors, and paying attention to the influence of the manufacturing conditions. Methods. Uniaxial relaxation tests of filaments of PEBA were used to determine the values of the parameters of a Prony series for a Quasi-Linear Visco-Elastic (QLVE) model. Additional, fast cyclic loading tests were used to corroborate the adequacy of the model under different test criteria in a second test situation. Results. The QLVE model predicts the results of the relaxation tests very accurately. In addition, the behavior inferred from this model fits very well with the measurements of fast cyclic loading tests. The viscoelastic behavior of PEBA under small strain polymer fits very well to a six-parameter QLVE model.
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12
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Abdelhamid M, Koutsamanis I, Corzo C, Maisriemler M, Ocampo AB, Slama E, Alva C, Lochmann D, Reyer S, Freichel T, Salar-Behzadi S, Spoerk M. Filament-based 3D-printing of placebo dosage forms using brittle lipid-based excipients. Int J Pharm 2022; 624:122013. [PMID: 35839981 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2022.122013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Revised: 07/04/2022] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
In order to expand the limited portfolio of available polymer-based excipients for fabricating three-dimensional (3D) printed pharmaceutical products, Lipid-based excipients (LBEs) have yet to be thoroughly investigated. The technical obstacle of LBEs application is, however their crystalline nature that renders them very brittle and challenging for processing via 3D-printing. In this work, we evaluated the functionality of LBEs for filament-based 3D-printing of oral dosage forms. Polyglycerol partial ester of palmitic acid and polyethylene glycols monostearate were selected as LBEs, based on their chemical structure, possessing polar groups for providing hydrogen-bonding sites. A fundamental understanding of structure-function relationship was built to screen the critical material attributes relevant for both extrusion and 3D-printing processes. The thermal behavior of lipids, including the degree of their supercooling, was the critical attribute for their processing. The extrudability of materials was improved through different feeding approaches, including the common powder feeding and a devised liquid feeding setup. Liquid feeding was found to be more efficient, allowing the production of filaments with high flexibility and improved printability. Filaments with superior performance were produced using polyglycerol ester of palmitic acid. In-house designed modifications of the utilized 3D-printer were essential for a flawless processing of the filaments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moaaz Abdelhamid
- Research Center Pharmaceutical Engineering GmbH, Graz, Austria; Institute for Process and Particle Engineering, Graz University of Technology, Graz, Austria
| | | | - Carolina Corzo
- Research Center Pharmaceutical Engineering GmbH, Graz, Austria
| | | | | | - Eyke Slama
- Research Center Pharmaceutical Engineering GmbH, Graz, Austria
| | - Carolina Alva
- Research Center Pharmaceutical Engineering GmbH, Graz, Austria
| | | | | | | | - Sharareh Salar-Behzadi
- Research Center Pharmaceutical Engineering GmbH, Graz, Austria; University of Graz, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, Graz, Austria.
| | - Martin Spoerk
- Research Center Pharmaceutical Engineering GmbH, Graz, Austria
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13
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Zhao Y, Liu Y, Dai Y, Yang L, Chen G. Application of 3D Bioprinting in Urology. MICROMACHINES 2022; 13:mi13071073. [PMID: 35888890 PMCID: PMC9321242 DOI: 10.3390/mi13071073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2022] [Revised: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Tissue engineering is an emerging field to create functional tissue components and whole organs. The structural and functional defects caused by congenital malformation, trauma, inflammation or tumor are still the major clinical challenges facing modern urology, and the current treatment has not achieved the expected results. Recently, 3D bioprinting has gained attention for its ability to create highly specialized tissue models using biological materials, bridging the gap between artificially engineered and natural tissue structures. This paper reviews the research progress, application prospects and current challenges of 3D bioprinting in urology tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Zhao
- Department of Urology, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610000, China; (Y.Z.); (Y.D.)
- Department of Public Health Laboratory Sciences, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610000, China
| | - Yuebai Liu
- Department of Education and Training, Sichuan Cancer Hospital, Chengdu 610000, China;
| | - Yi Dai
- Department of Urology, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610000, China; (Y.Z.); (Y.D.)
| | - Luo Yang
- Department of Urology, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610000, China; (Y.Z.); (Y.D.)
- Correspondence: (L.Y.); (G.C.); Tel.: +86-1-820-288-8984 (G.C.)
| | - Guo Chen
- Department of Urology, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610000, China; (Y.Z.); (Y.D.)
- Laboratory of Reconstructive Urology, Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610000, China
- Correspondence: (L.Y.); (G.C.); Tel.: +86-1-820-288-8984 (G.C.)
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Eder S, Wiltschko L, Koutsamanis I, Alberto Afonso Urich J, Arbeiter F, Roblegg E, Spoerk M. Toward a new generation of vaginal pessaries via 3D-printing: concomitant mechanical support and drug delivery. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2022; 174:77-89. [PMID: 35390451 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2022.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Revised: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
To improve patient adherence, vaginal pessaries - polymeric structures providing mechanical support to treat stress urinary incontinence (SUI) - greatly benefit from 3D-printing through customization of their mechanics, e.g. infill modifications. However, currently only limited polymers provide both flawless printability and controlled drug release. The current study closes this gap by exploring 3D-printing, more specifically fused filament fabrication, of pharmaceutical grade thermoplastic polyurethanes (TPU) of different hardness and hydrophilicity into complex pessary structures. Next to the pessary mechanics, drug incorporation into such a device was addressed for the first time. Mechanically, the soft hydrophobic TPU was the most promising candidate for pessary customization, as pessaries made thereof covered a broad range of the key mechanical parameter, while allowing self-insertion. From the drug release point of view, the hydrophobic TPUs were superior over the hydrophilic one, as the release levels of the model drug acyclovir were closer to the target value. Summarizing, the fabrication of TPU-based pessaries via 3D-printing is an innovative strategy to create a customized pessary combination product that simultaneously provides mechanical support and pharmacological therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone Eder
- Research Center Pharmaceutical Engineering GmbH, Inffeldgasse 13, 8010 Graz, Austria.
| | - Laura Wiltschko
- Research Center Pharmaceutical Engineering GmbH, Inffeldgasse 13, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Ioannis Koutsamanis
- Research Center Pharmaceutical Engineering GmbH, Inffeldgasse 13, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | | | - Florian Arbeiter
- Materials Science and Testing of Polymers, Montanuniversitaet Leoben, Otto Gloeckel-Straße 2, 8700 Leoben, Austria
| | - Eva Roblegg
- Research Center Pharmaceutical Engineering GmbH, Inffeldgasse 13, 8010 Graz, Austria; Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Graz, Universitätsplatz 1, 8010 Graz
| | - Martin Spoerk
- Research Center Pharmaceutical Engineering GmbH, Inffeldgasse 13, 8010 Graz, Austria.
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15
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Spoerk M, Arbeiter F, Koutsamanis I, Cajner H, Katschnig M, Eder S. Personalised urethra pessaries prepared by material extrusion-based additive manufacturing. Int J Pharm 2021; 608:121112. [PMID: 34547391 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2021.121112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Revised: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Material extrusion-based additive manufacturing, commonly referred to as 3D-printing, is regarded as the key technology to pave the way for personalised medical treatment. This study explores the technique's potential in customising vaginal inserts with complex structures, so-called urethra pessaries. A novel, flawlessly 3D-printable and biocompatible polyester-based thermoplastic elastomer serves as the feedstock. Next to the smart selection of the 3D-printing parameters cross-sectional diameter and infill to tailor the pessary's mechanical properties, we elaborate test methods accounting for its application-specific requirements for the first time. The key property, i.e. the force the pessary exerts on the urethra to relief symptoms of urinary incontinence, is reliably adjusted within a broad range, including that of the commercial injection-moulded silicone product. The pessaries do not change upon long-term exposure to vaginal fluid simulant and compression (in-vivo conditions), satisfying the needs of repeated pessary use. Importantly, the vast majority of the 3D-printed pessaries allows for self-insertion and self-removal without any induced pessary rupture. Summarising, 3D-printed pessaries are not only a reasonable alternative to the commercial products, but build the basis to effectively treat inhomogeneous patient groups. They make the simple but very effective pessary therapy finally accessible to every woman.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Spoerk
- Research Center Pharmaceutical Engineering GmbH, Inffeldgasse 13, 8010 Graz, Austria.
| | - Florian Arbeiter
- Materials Science and Testing of Polymers, Montanuniversitaet Leoben, Otto Gloeckel-Straße 2, 8700 Leoben, Austria
| | - Ioannis Koutsamanis
- Research Center Pharmaceutical Engineering GmbH, Inffeldgasse 13, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Hrvoje Cajner
- Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Naval Architecture, University of Zagreb, 10002 Zagreb, Croatia
| | | | - Simone Eder
- Research Center Pharmaceutical Engineering GmbH, Inffeldgasse 13, 8010 Graz, Austria
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