1
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Appiah E, Nakamura H, Assumang A, Etrych T, Haratake M. Chemical modification of bradykinin-polymer conjugates for optimum delivery of nanomedicines to tumors. NANOMEDICINE : NANOTECHNOLOGY, BIOLOGY, AND MEDICINE 2024; 57:102744. [PMID: 38460653 DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2024.102744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Revised: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/11/2024]
Abstract
We recently prepared pH-responsive HPMA copolymer conjugates of bradykinin (P-BK), which release BK in response to the acidic tumor microenvironment, and found that administration of P-BK increased the tumor accumulation and therapeutic efficacy of nanomedicine. Because the release of BK from P-BK determines its onset of action, P-BKs with different release rates were prepared, and their properties were evaluated. The release kinetics were significantly altered by substitution proximal to hydrazone bond, release constant of methyl-substituted P-BK (P-MeBK) was approximately 4- and 80-fold higher than that of cyclopropyl-substituted P-BK (P-CPBK) and phenyl-substituted P-BK (P-PhBK). None of the P-BKs were active, but the release of BK restored their BK-like activity. Pre-administration of the P-BKs increased the tumor accumulation of nanomedicine in C26 tumor-bearing mice by 2- and 1.4-fold for P-MeBK and P-PhBK at 3 and 6 h. Altogether, this study provides insights into the design of pH-responsive nanodrugs with the desired release properties to target acidic lesions such as cancer and inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enoch Appiah
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sojo University, Ikeda 4-22-1, Nishi-ku, Kumamoto 860-0082, Japan
| | - Hideaki Nakamura
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sojo University, Ikeda 4-22-1, Nishi-ku, Kumamoto 860-0082, Japan.
| | - Anthony Assumang
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sojo University, Ikeda 4-22-1, Nishi-ku, Kumamoto 860-0082, Japan
| | - Tomáš Etrych
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Heyrovsky Sq. 2, 162 06 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Mamoru Haratake
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sojo University, Ikeda 4-22-1, Nishi-ku, Kumamoto 860-0082, Japan
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2
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Singh D, Sharma Y, Dheer D, Shankar R. Stimuli responsiveness of recent biomacromolecular systems (concept to market): A review. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 261:129901. [PMID: 38316328 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.129901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
Stimuli responsive delivery systems, also known as smart/intelligent drug delivery systems, are specialized delivery vehicles designed to provide spatiotemporal control over drug release at target sites in various diseased conditions, including tumor, inflammation and many others. Recent advances in the design and development of a wide variety of stimuli-responsive (pH, redox, enzyme, temperature) materials have resulted in their widespread use in drug delivery and tissue engineering. The aim of this review is to provide an insight of recent nanoparticulate drug delivery systems including polymeric nanoparticles, dendrimers, lipid-based nanoparticles and the design of new polymer-drug conjugates (PDCs), with a major emphasis on natural along with synthetic commercial polymers used in their construction. Special focus has been placed on stimuli-responsive polymeric materials, their preparation methods, and the design of novel single and multiple stimuli-responsive materials that can provide controlled drug release in response a specific stimulus. These stimuli-sensitive drug nanoparticulate systems have exhibited varying degrees of substitution with enhanced in vitro/in vivo release. However, in an attempt to further increase drug release, new dual and multi-stimuli based natural polymeric nanocarriers have been investigated which respond to a mixture of two or more signals and are awaiting clinical trials. The translation of biopolymeric directed stimuli-sensitive drug delivery systems in clinic demands a thorough knowledge of its mechanism and drug release pattern in order to produce affordable and patient friendly products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davinder Singh
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, United States.
| | - Yashika Sharma
- Natural Products and Medicinal Chemistry Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu 180001, India
| | - Divya Dheer
- Chitkara University School of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Baddi 174103, Himachal Pradesh, India; Chemical Biology Unit, Institute of Nano Science and Technology, Knowledge City, Sector 81, Mohali 140306, Punjab, India.
| | - Ravi Shankar
- Natural Products and Medicinal Chemistry Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu 180001, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India.
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3
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Pola R, Grosmanová E, Pechar M, Horák D, Krunclová T, Pankrác J, Henry M, Kaňa M, Bouček J, Šefc L, Coll JL, Etrych T. Stimuli-Responsive Polymer Nanoprobes Intended for Fluorescence-Guided Surgery of Malignant Head-and-Neck Tumors and Metastases. Adv Healthc Mater 2023; 12:e2301183. [PMID: 37288946 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202301183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Revised: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Nano-sized carriers are widely studied as suitable candidates for the advanced delivery of various bioactive molecules such as drugs and diagnostics. Herein, the development of long-circulating stimuli-responsive polymer nanoprobes tailored for the fluorescently-guided surgery of solid tumors is reported. Nanoprobes are designed as long-circulating nanosystems preferably accumulated in solid tumors due to the Enhanced permeability and retention effect, so they act as a tumor microenvironment-sensitive activatable diagnostic. This study designs polymer probes differing in the structure of the spacer between the polymer carrier and Cy7 by employing pH-sensitive spacers, oligopeptide spacers susceptible to cathepsin B-catalyzed enzymatic hydrolysis, and non-degradable control spacer. Increased accumulation of the nanoprobes in the tumor tissue coupled with stimuli-sensitive release behavior and subsequent activation of the fluorescent signal upon dye release facilitated favorable tumor-to-background ratio, a key feature for fluorescence-guided surgery. The probes show excellent diagnostic potential for the surgical removal of intraperitoneal metastasis and orthotopic head and neck tumors with very high efficacy and accuracy. In addition, the combination of macroscopic resection followed by fluorescence-guided surgery using developed probes enable the identification and resection of most of the CAL33 intraperitoneal metastases with total tumor burden reduced to 97.2%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Pola
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Heyrovského nám. 2, Prague 6, 162 00, Czech Republic
| | - Eliška Grosmanová
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Heyrovského nám. 2, Prague 6, 162 00, Czech Republic
| | - Michal Pechar
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Heyrovského nám. 2, Prague 6, 162 00, Czech Republic
| | - Dominik Horák
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Heyrovského nám. 2, Prague 6, 162 00, Czech Republic
| | - Tereza Krunclová
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Heyrovského nám. 2, Prague 6, 162 00, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Pankrác
- Center for Advanced Preclinical Imaging (CAPI), First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Salmovská 3, Prague 2, 120 00, Czech Republic
| | - Maxime Henry
- University Grenoble Alpes, Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Team Cancer Targets and Experimental Therapeutics, INSERM U1209, CNRS UMR5309, Grenoble, 38100, France
| | - Martin Kaňa
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and University Hospital Motol, V Úvalu 84, Prague 5, 150 06, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Bouček
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and University Hospital Motol, V Úvalu 84, Prague 5, 150 06, Czech Republic
| | - Luděk Šefc
- Center for Advanced Preclinical Imaging (CAPI), First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Salmovská 3, Prague 2, 120 00, Czech Republic
| | - Jean-Luc Coll
- University Grenoble Alpes, Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Team Cancer Targets and Experimental Therapeutics, INSERM U1209, CNRS UMR5309, Grenoble, 38100, France
| | - Tomáš Etrych
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Heyrovského nám. 2, Prague 6, 162 00, Czech Republic
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4
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Fan D, Cao Y, Cao M, Wang Y, Cao Y, Gong T. Nanomedicine in cancer therapy. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2023; 8:293. [PMID: 37544972 PMCID: PMC10404590 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-023-01536-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 90.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer remains a highly lethal disease in the world. Currently, either conventional cancer therapies or modern immunotherapies are non-tumor-targeted therapeutic approaches that cannot accurately distinguish malignant cells from healthy ones, giving rise to multiple undesired side effects. Recent advances in nanotechnology, accompanied by our growing understanding of cancer biology and nano-bio interactions, have led to the development of a series of nanocarriers, which aim to improve the therapeutic efficacy while reducing off-target toxicity of the encapsulated anticancer agents through tumor tissue-, cell-, or organelle-specific targeting. However, the vast majority of nanocarriers do not possess hierarchical targeting capability, and their therapeutic indices are often compromised by either poor tumor accumulation, inefficient cellular internalization, or inaccurate subcellular localization. This Review outlines current and prospective strategies in the design of tumor tissue-, cell-, and organelle-targeted cancer nanomedicines, and highlights the latest progress in hierarchical targeting technologies that can dynamically integrate these three different stages of static tumor targeting to maximize therapeutic outcomes. Finally, we briefly discuss the current challenges and future opportunities for the clinical translation of cancer nanomedicines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dahua Fan
- Shunde Women and Children's Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Foshan, 528300, China.
- Department of Neurology, Institute of Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518035, China.
| | - Yongkai Cao
- Department of Neurology, Institute of Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518035, China
| | - Meiqun Cao
- Department of Neurology, Institute of Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518035, China
| | - Yajun Wang
- Shunde Women and Children's Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Foshan, 528300, China
| | | | - Tao Gong
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, China.
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5
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Matt L, Sedrik R, Bonjour O, Vasiliauskaité M, Jannasch P, Vares L. Covalent Adaptable Polymethacrylate Networks by Hydrazide Crosslinking Via Isosorbide Levulinate Side Groups. ACS SUSTAINABLE CHEMISTRY & ENGINEERING 2023; 11:8294-8307. [PMID: 37292449 PMCID: PMC10245394 DOI: 10.1021/acssuschemeng.3c00747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Reversible crosslinking offers an attractive strategy to modify and improve the properties of polymer materials while concurrently enabling a pathway for chemical recycling. This can, for example, be achieved by incorporating a ketone functionality into the polymer structure to enable post-polymerization crosslinking with dihydrazides. The resulting covalent adaptable network contains acylhydrazone bonds cleavable under acidic conditions, thereby providing reversibility. In the present work, we regioselectively prepare a novel isosorbide monomethacrylate with a pendant levulinoyl group via a two-step biocatalytic synthesis. Subsequently, a series of copolymers with different contents of the levulinic isosorbide monomer and methyl methacrylate are prepared by radical polymerization. Using dihydrazides, these linear copolymers are then crosslinked via reaction with the ketone groups in the levulinic side chains. Compared to the linear prepolymers, the crosslinked networks exhibit enhanced glass transition temperatures and thermal stability, up to 170 and 286 °C, respectively. Moreover, the dynamic covalent acylhydrazone bonds are efficiently and selectively cleaved under acidic conditions to retrieve the linear polymethacrylates. We next show that recovered polymers can again be crosslinked with adipic dihydrazide, thus demonstrating the circularity of the materials. Consequently, we envision that these novel levulinic isosorbide-based dynamic polymethacrylate networks have great potential in the field of recyclable and reusable biobased thermoset polymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Livia Matt
- Institute
of Technology, University of Tartu, Nooruse 1, Tartu 50411, Estonia
| | - Rauno Sedrik
- Institute
of Technology, University of Tartu, Nooruse 1, Tartu 50411, Estonia
| | - Olivier Bonjour
- Department
of Chemistry, Lund University, P.O. Box 124, Lund 221
00, Sweden
| | | | - Patric Jannasch
- Institute
of Technology, University of Tartu, Nooruse 1, Tartu 50411, Estonia
- Department
of Chemistry, Lund University, P.O. Box 124, Lund 221
00, Sweden
| | - Lauri Vares
- Institute
of Technology, University of Tartu, Nooruse 1, Tartu 50411, Estonia
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6
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Xu W, Yang S, Lu L, Xu Q, Wu S, Zhou J, Lu J, Fan X, Meng N, Ding Y, Zheng X, Lu W. Influence of lung cancer model characteristics on tumor targeting behavior of nanodrugs. J Control Release 2023; 354:538-553. [PMID: 36641120 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2023.01.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Revised: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Evidence is mounting that there is a significant gap between the antitumor efficacy of nanodrugs in preclinical mouse tumor models and in clinical human tumors, and that differences in tumor models are likely to be responsible for this gap. Herein, we investigated the enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) effect in mouse lung cancer models with different tumor growth rates, volumes and locations, and analyzed the nanodrug tumor targeting behaviors limited by tumor vascular pathophysiological characteristics in various tumor models. The results showed that the fast-growing tumors were characterized by lower vascular tight junctions, leading to higher vascular paracellular transport activity and nanodrug tumor accumulation. The paracellular transport activity increased with the growth of tumor, but the vascular density and transcellular transport activity decreased, and as a result, the average tumor accumulation of passive targeting nanodrugs decreased. Orthotopic tumors were rich in blood vessels, but had low vascular transcellular and paracellular transport activities, making it difficult for nanodrug accumulation in orthotopic tumors via passive targeting strategies. The antitumor efficacy of passive targeting nanodrugs in various lung cancer-bearing mice validated the aforementioned nanodrug accumulation behavior, and nanodrugs based on the angiogenesis-tumor sequential targeting strategy achieved obviously improved efficacy in orthotopic lung cancer-bearing mice. These results suggest that the EPR effect varies in different tumor models and should not be used as a universal targeting strategy for antitumor nanodrugs. Besides, attention should be paid to the animal tumor models in the evaluation of nanodrugs so as to avoid exaggerating the antitumor efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weixia Xu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University & Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery (Fudan University), Ministry of Education, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Shengmin Yang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University & Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery (Fudan University), Ministry of Education, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Linwei Lu
- The Department of Integrative Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, and The Institutes of Integrative Medicine of Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Qianzhu Xu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University & Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery (Fudan University), Ministry of Education, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Sunyi Wu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University & Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery (Fudan University), Ministry of Education, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Jianfen Zhou
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University & Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery (Fudan University), Ministry of Education, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Jiashen Lu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University & Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery (Fudan University), Ministry of Education, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Xingyan Fan
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University & Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery (Fudan University), Ministry of Education, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Nana Meng
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University & Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery (Fudan University), Ministry of Education, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Yuan Ding
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University & Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery (Fudan University), Ministry of Education, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Xudong Zheng
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University & Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery (Fudan University), Ministry of Education, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Weiyue Lu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University & Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery (Fudan University), Ministry of Education, Shanghai 201203, China; The Department of Integrative Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, and The Institutes of Integrative Medicine of Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China; Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Pharmaceutical Intelligent Equipment, Shanghai Frontiers Science Research Center for Druggability of Cardiovascular Non-Coding RNA, Institute for Frontier Medical Technology, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, 333 Longteng Rd., Shanghai 201620, China.
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7
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Manko N, Starykovych M, Mitina N, Volianiuk K, Wang L, Jin M, Liu K, Panchuk R, Klyuchivska O, Zaichenko A, Kit Y, Stoika R. Covalent Conjugate of Ser-Pro-Cys Tripeptide with PEGylated Comb-Like Polymer as Novel Killer of Human Tumor Cells. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:41956-41967. [PMID: 36440124 PMCID: PMC9686193 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c03611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Recently, we detected a previously unknown Ser-Pro-Cys (SPC) tripeptide in the blood serum of multiple sclerosis patients. Its role as a biomarker of the autoimmune disease was suggested, although its origin and real biological activity remained unclear. Here, we created a biocompatible PEGylated comb-like polymer that was used as a platform for covalent immobilization of the SPC, which provided a possibility to explore the biological activity of this tripeptide. This macromolecular conjugate was synthesized via a reaction of the terminal epoxide group of the biocompatible copolymer of dimethyl maleate (DMM) and polyethylene glycol methyl ether methacrylate (PEGMA) with the amino group of the SPC tripeptide. Unexpectedly, the resulting conjugate containing SPC demonstrated anticancer activity in vitro. It possessed pro-apoptotic action toward human tumor cells, while there was no cytotoxic effect of that conjugate toward normal lymphocytes of human peripheral blood. The detected biological effects of the created conjugate inspired us to carry out a thorough study of structural and colloidal-chemical characteristics of this surface-active copolymer containing side PEG chains and a terminal nontoxic synthetic fragment. The copolymer composition, in particular, the content of the peptide fragment, was determined via elemental analysis and NMR spectroscopy. At CMC, it formed polymeric micelle-like structures with a hydrodynamic diameter of 180 ± 60 nm. The conjugation of the peptide fragment to the initial comb-like copolymer caused a change of zeta-potential of the formed micelle-like structures from -0.15 to 0.32 mV. Additional structural modification of the created polymeric nanoplatform was performed via attachment of fluorescein isothiocianate (FITC) dye that permitted monitoring of the behavior of the bioactive SPC-functionalized conjugate in the treated tumor cells. Its penetration into those cells and localization in their cytoplasm were revealed. The principal novelty of this study consists in finding that covalent conjugation of two nontoxic compounds-SPC tripeptide and comb-like PEGylated polymer-led to an unexpected synergy which appeared in the distinct cytotoxic action of the macromolecular complex toward human tumor cells. A potential role of peculiarities of the colloidal-chemical properties of the novel conjugate in its cytotoxic effect are discussed. Thus, synthesized comb-like PEGylated polymers can provide a prospective nanoplatform for drug delivery in anticancer chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nazar Manko
- Institute
of Cell Biology, NAS of Ukraine, Lviv, 79005, Ukraine
| | | | | | | | - Lizhen Wang
- Biology
Institute of Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan, 250014, People’s Republic of China
| | - Meng Jin
- Biology
Institute of Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan, 250014, People’s Republic of China
| | - Kechun Liu
- Biology
Institute of Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan, 250014, People’s Republic of China
| | | | | | | | - Yuriy Kit
- Institute
of Cell Biology, NAS of Ukraine, Lviv, 79005, Ukraine
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8
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Xie D, Wang Q, Wu G. Research progress in inducing immunogenic cell death of tumor cells. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1017400. [PMID: 36466838 PMCID: PMC9712455 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1017400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 08/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Immunogenic cell death (ICD) is a regulated cell death (RCD) pathway. In response to physical and chemical signals, tumor cells activate specific signaling pathways that stimulate stress responses in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and expose damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs), which promote antitumor immune responses. As a result, the tumor microenvironment is altered, and many tumor cells are killed. The ICD response in tumor cells requires inducers. These inducers can be from different sources and contribute to the development of the ICD either indirectly or directly. The combination of ICD inducers with other tumor treatments further enhances the immune response in tumor cells, and more tumor cells are killed; however, it also produces side effects of varying severity. New induction methods based on nanotechnology improve the antitumor ability and significantly reduces side effects because they can target tumor cells precisely. In this review, we introduce the characteristics and mechanisms of ICD responses in tumor cells and the DAMPs associated with ICD responses, summarize the current methods of inducing ICD response in tumor cells in five distinct categories: chemical sources, physical sources, pathogenic sources, combination therapies, and innovative therapies. At the same time, we introduce the limitations of current ICD inducers and make a summary of the use of ICD responses in clinical trials. Finally, we provide an outlook on the future of ICD inducer development and provide some constructive suggestions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Qifei Wang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Guangzhen Wu
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
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9
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An overview of kinin mediated events in cancer progression and therapeutic applications. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2022; 1877:188807. [PMID: 36167271 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2022.188807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Revised: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Kinins are bioactive peptides generated in the inflammatory milieu of the tissue microenvironment, which is involved in cancer progression and inflammatory response. Kinins signals through activation of two G-protein coupled receptors; inducible Bradykinin Receptor B1 (B1R) and constitutive receptor B2 (B2R). Activation of kinin receptors and its cross-talk with receptor tyrosine kinases activates multiple signaling pathways, including ERK/MAPK, PI3K, PKC, and p38 pathways regulating cancer hallmarks. Perturbations of the kinin-mediated events are implicated in various aspects of cancer invasion, matrix remodeling, and metastasis. In the tumor microenvironment, kinins initiate fibroblast activation, mesenchymal stem cell interactions, and recruitment of immune cells. Albeit the precise nature of kinin function in the metastasis and tumor microenvironment are not completely clear yet, several kinin receptor antagonists show anti-metastatic potential. Here, we showcase an overview of the complex biology of kinins and their role in cancer pathogenesis and therapeutic aspects.
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10
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Ni N, Wang W, Sun Y, Sun X, Leong DT. Inducible endothelial leakiness in nanotherapeutic applications. Biomaterials 2022; 287:121640. [PMID: 35772348 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2022.121640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Revised: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
All intravenous delivered nanomedicine needs to escape from the blood vessel to exert their therapeutic efficacy at their designated site of action. Failure to do so increases the possibility of detrimental side effects and negates their therapeutic intent. Many powerful anticancer nanomedicine strategies rely solely on the tumor derived enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) effect for the only mode of escaping from the tumor vasculature. However, not all tumors have the EPR effect nor can the EPR effect be induced or controlled for its location and timeliness. In recent years, there have been exciting developments along the lines of inducing endothelial leakiness at the tumor to decrease the dependence of EPR. Physical disruption of the endothelial-endothelial cell junctions with coordinated biological intrinsic pathways have been proposed that includes various modalities like ultrasound, radiotherapy, heat and even nanoparticles, appear to show good progress towards the goal of inducing endothelial leakiness. This review explains the intricate and complex biological background behind the endothelial cells with linkages on how updated reported nanomedicine strategies managed to induce endothelial leakiness. This review will also end off with fresh insights on where the future of inducible endothelial leakiness holds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nengyi Ni
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive 4, Singapore, 117585, Singapore
| | - Weiyi Wang
- School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, 250000, China
| | - Yu Sun
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive 4, Singapore, 117585, Singapore; Department of Ultrasound in Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No.88 Jiefang Road, Shangcheng District, Hangzhou, 310009, PR China
| | - Xiao Sun
- School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, 250000, China.
| | - David Tai Leong
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive 4, Singapore, 117585, Singapore.
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