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Qin S, He G, Yang J. Nanomaterial combined engineered bacteria for intelligent tumor immunotherapy. J Mater Chem B 2024. [PMID: 39225508 DOI: 10.1039/d4tb00741g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
Cancer remains the leading cause of human death worldwide. Compared to traditional therapies, tumor immunotherapy has received a lot of attention and research focus due to its potential to activate both innate and adaptive immunity, low toxicity to normal tissue, and long-term immune activity. However, its clinical effectiveness and large-scale application are limited due to the immunosuppression microenvironment, lack of spatiotemporal control, expensive cost, and long manufacturing time. Recently, nanomaterial combined engineered bacteria have emerged as a promising solution to the challenges of tumor immunotherapy, which offers spatiotemporal control, reversal of immunosuppression, and scalable production. Therefore, we summarize the latest research on nanomaterial-assisted engineered bacteria for precise tumor immunotherapies, including the cross-talk of nanomaterials and bacteria as well as their application in different immunotherapies. In addition, we further discuss the advantages and challenges of nanomaterial-engineered bacteria and their future prospects, inspiring more novel and intelligent tumor immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shurong Qin
- College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Guanzhong He
- College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Jingjing Yang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China.
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2
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Hu W, Deng J, Su Z, Wang H, Lin S. Advances on T cell immunity in bone remodeling and bone regeneration. Zhejiang Da Xue Xue Bao Yi Xue Ban 2024; 53:450-459. [PMID: 39183057 DOI: 10.3724/zdxbyxb-2023-0619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/27/2024]
Abstract
Bone remodeling and bone regeneration are essential for preserving skeletal integrity and maintaining mineral homeostasis. T cells, as key members of adaptive immunity, play a pivotal role in bone remodeling and bone regeneration by producing a range of cytokines and growth factors. In the physiological state, T cells are involved in the maintenance of bone homeostasis through interactions with mesenchymal stem cells, osteoblasts, and osteoclasts. In pathological states, T cells participate in the pathological process of different types of osteoporosis through interaction with estrogen, glucocorticoids, and parathyroid hormone. During fracture healing for post-injury repair, T cells play different roles during the inflammatory hematoma phase, the bone callus formation phase and the bone remodeling phase. Targeting T cells thus emerges as a potential strategy for regulating bone homeostasis. This article reviews the research progress on related mechanisms of T cells immunity involved in bone remodeling and bone regeneration, with a view to providing a scientific basis for targeting T cells to regulate bone remodeling and bone regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenhui Hu
- Orthopedic Center, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang 524000, Guangdong Province, China.
| | - Jinxia Deng
- Orthopedic Center, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang 524000, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Zhanpeng Su
- Orthopedic Center, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang 524000, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Haixing Wang
- Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Prince of Wales Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hongkong 999077, China
| | - Sien Lin
- Orthopedic Center, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang 524000, Guangdong Province, China.
- Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Prince of Wales Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hongkong 999077, China.
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3
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Mujahid K, Rana I, Suliman IH, Li Z, Wu J, He H, Nam J. Biomaterial-Based Sustained-Release Drug Formulations for Localized Cancer Immunotherapy. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2024; 7:4944-4961. [PMID: 38050811 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.3c00808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Abstract
Cancer immunotherapy has revolutionized clinical cancer treatments by taking advantage of the immune system to selectively and effectively target and kill cancer cells. However, clinical cancer immunotherapy treatments often have limited efficacy and/or present severe adverse effects associated primarily with their systemic administration. Localized immunotherapy has emerged to overcome these limitations by directly targeting accessible tumors via local administration, reducing potential systemic drug distribution that hampers drug efficacy and safety. Sustained-release formulations can prolong drug activity at target sites, which maximizes the benefits of localized immunotherapy to increase the therapeutic window using smaller dosages than those used for systemic injection, avoiding complications of frequent dosing. The performance of sustained-release formulations for localized cancer immunotherapy has been validated preclinically using various implantable and injectable scaffold platforms. This review introduces the sustained-release formulations developed for localized cancer immunotherapy and highlights their biomaterial-based platforms for representative classes, including inorganic scaffolds, natural hydrogels, synthetic hydrogels, and microneedle patches. The design rationale and other considerations are summarized for further development of biomaterials for the construction of optimal sustained-release formulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khizra Mujahid
- College of Pharmacy, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, South Korea
| | - Isra Rana
- College of Pharmacy, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, South Korea
| | | | - Zhen Li
- College of Pharmacy, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, South Korea
| | - Jiang Wu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - Huacheng He
- Oujiang Laboratory (Zhejiang Lab for Regenerative Medicine, Vision and Brain Health), Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, P. R. China
| | - Jutaek Nam
- College of Pharmacy, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, South Korea
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4
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Liao Z, Jiang J, Wu W, Shi J, Wang Y, Yao Y, Sheng T, Liu F, Liu W, Zhao P, Lv F, Sun J, Li H, Gu Z. Lymph node-biomimetic scaffold boosts CAR-T therapy against solid tumor. Natl Sci Rev 2024; 11:nwae018. [PMID: 38440217 PMCID: PMC10911814 DOI: 10.1093/nsr/nwae018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Revised: 12/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024] Open
Abstract
The limited infiltration and persistence of chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cells is primarily responsible for their treatment deficits in solid tumors. Here, we present a three-dimensional scaffold, inspired by the physiological process of T-cell proliferation in lymph nodes. This scaffold gathers the function of loading, delivery, activation and expansion for CAR-T cells to enhance their therapeutic effects on solid tumors. This porous device is made from poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) by a microfluidic technique with the modification of T-cell stimulatory signals, including anti-CD3, anti-CD28 antibodies, as well as cytokines. This scaffold fosters a 50-fold CAR-T cell expansion in vitro and a 15-fold cell expansion in vivo. Particularly, it maintains long-lasting expansion of CAR-T cells for up to 30 days in a cervical tumor model and significantly inhibits the tumor growth. This biomimetic delivery strategy provides a versatile platform of cell delivery and activation for CAR-T cells in treating solid tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyan Liao
- National Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery and Release Systems, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery Systems of Zhejiang Province, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 311121, China
| | - Jie Jiang
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center of the First Affiliated Hospital and Department of Cell Biology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Wei Wu
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Jiaqi Shi
- National Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery and Release Systems, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery Systems of Zhejiang Province, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 311121, China
| | - Yanfang Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery and Release Systems, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery Systems of Zhejiang Province, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yuejun Yao
- National Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery and Release Systems, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery Systems of Zhejiang Province, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Tao Sheng
- National Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery and Release Systems, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery Systems of Zhejiang Province, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Feng Liu
- National Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery and Release Systems, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery Systems of Zhejiang Province, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 311121, China
| | - Wei Liu
- National Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery and Release Systems, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery Systems of Zhejiang Province, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Peng Zhao
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Feifei Lv
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Jie Sun
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center of the First Affiliated Hospital and Department of Cell Biology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Hongjun Li
- National Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery and Release Systems, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery Systems of Zhejiang Province, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 311121, China
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310009, China
- Jinhua Institute of Zhejiang University, Jinhua 321299, China
| | - Zhen Gu
- National Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery and Release Systems, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery Systems of Zhejiang Province, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 311121, China
- Jinhua Institute of Zhejiang University, Jinhua 321299, China
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization of Ministry of Education, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
- Department of General Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310016, China
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Lin Y, Chen Y, Luo Z, Wu YL. Recent advances in biomaterial designs for assisting CAR-T cell therapy towards potential solid tumor treatment. NANOSCALE 2024; 16:3226-3242. [PMID: 38284230 DOI: 10.1039/d3nr05768b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
Chimeric antigen receptor T (CAR-T) cells have shown promising outcomes in the treatment of hematologic malignancies. However, CAR-T cell therapy in solid tumor treatment has been significantly hindered, due to the complex manufacturing process, difficulties in proliferation and infiltration, lack of precision, or poor visualization ability. Fortunately, recent reports have shown that functional biomaterial designs such as nanoparticles, polymers, hydrogels, or implantable scaffolds might have potential to address the above challenges. In this review, we aim to summarize the recent advances in the designs of functional biomaterials for assisting CAR-T cell therapy for potential solid tumor treatments. Firstly, by enabling efficient CAR gene delivery in vivo and in vitro, functional biomaterials can streamline the difficult process of CAR-T cell therapy manufacturing. Secondly, they might also serve as carriers for drugs and bioactive molecules, promoting the proliferation and infiltration of CAR-T cells. Furthermore, a number of functional biomaterial designs with immunomodulatory properties might modulate the tumor microenvironment, which could provide a platform for combination therapies or improve the efficacy of CAR-T cell therapy through synergistic therapeutic effects. Last but not least, the current challenges with biomaterials-based CAR-T therapies will also be discussed, which might be helpful for the future design of CAR-T therapy in solid tumor treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuting Lin
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target Research and State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China.
| | - Ying Chen
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target Research and State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China.
| | - Zheng Luo
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target Research and State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China.
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), Singapore 138634, Singapore
| | - Yun-Long Wu
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target Research and State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China.
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6
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Mohaghegh N, Ahari A, Zehtabi F, Buttles C, Davani S, Hoang H, Tseng K, Zamanian B, Khosravi S, Daniali A, Kouchehbaghi NH, Thomas I, Serati Nouri H, Khorsandi D, Abbasgholizadeh R, Akbari M, Patil R, Kang H, Jucaud V, Khademhosseini A, Hassani Najafabadi A. Injectable hydrogels for personalized cancer immunotherapies. Acta Biomater 2023; 172:67-91. [PMID: 37806376 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2023.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2023] [Revised: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
The field of cancer immunotherapy has shown significant growth, and researchers are now focusing on effective strategies to enhance and prolong local immunomodulation. Injectable hydrogels (IHs) have emerged as versatile platforms for encapsulating and controlling the release of small molecules and cells, drawing significant attention for their potential to enhance antitumor immune responses while inhibiting metastasis and recurrence. IHs delivering natural killer (NK) cells, T cells, and antigen-presenting cells (APCs) offer a viable method for treating cancer. Indeed, it can bypass the extracellular matrix and gradually release small molecules or cells into the tumor microenvironment, thereby boosting immune responses against cancer cells. This review provides an overview of the recent advancements in cancer immunotherapy using IHs for delivering NK cells, T cells, APCs, chemoimmunotherapy, radio-immunotherapy, and photothermal-immunotherapy. First, we introduce IHs as a delivery matrix, then summarize their applications for the local delivery of small molecules and immune cells to elicit robust anticancer immune responses. Additionally, we discuss recent progress in IHs systems used for local combination therapy, including chemoimmunotherapy, radio-immunotherapy, photothermal-immunotherapy, photodynamic-immunotherapy, and gene-immunotherapy. By comprehensively examining the utilization of IHs in cancer immunotherapy, this review aims to highlight the potential of IHs as effective carriers for immunotherapy delivery, facilitating the development of innovative strategies for cancer treatment. In addition, we demonstrate that using hydrogel-based platforms for the targeted delivery of immune cells, such as NK cells, T cells, and dendritic cells (DCs), has remarkable potential in cancer therapy. These innovative approaches have yielded substantial reductions in tumor growth, showcasing the ability of hydrogels to enhance the efficacy of immune-based treatments. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: As cancer immunotherapy continues to expand, the mode of therapeutic agent delivery becomes increasingly critical. This review spotlights the forward-looking progress of IHs, emphasizing their potential to revolutionize localized immunotherapy delivery. By efficiently encapsulating and controlling the release of essential immune components such as T cells, NK cells, APCs, and various therapeutic agents, IHs offer a pioneering pathway to amplify immune reactions, moderate metastasis, and reduce recurrence. Their adaptability further shines when considering their role in emerging combination therapies, including chemoimmunotherapy, radio-immunotherapy, and photothermal-immunotherapy. Understanding IHs' significance in cancer therapy is essential, suggesting a shift in cancer treatment dynamics and heralding a novel period of focused, enduring, and powerful therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neda Mohaghegh
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Los Angeles, CA 90064 USA
| | - Amir Ahari
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Los Angeles, CA 90064 USA; Department of Surgery, University of California-Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Fatemeh Zehtabi
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Los Angeles, CA 90064 USA
| | - Claire Buttles
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Los Angeles, CA 90064 USA; Indiana University Bloomington, Department of Biology, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA
| | - Saya Davani
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Los Angeles, CA 90064 USA
| | - Hanna Hoang
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Los Angeles, CA 90064 USA; Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90024, USA
| | - Kaylee Tseng
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Los Angeles, CA 90064 USA; Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90007, USA
| | - Benjamin Zamanian
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Los Angeles, CA 90064 USA
| | - Safoora Khosravi
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Los Angeles, CA 90064 USA; Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V6T1Z4, Canada
| | - Ariella Daniali
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Los Angeles, CA 90064 USA
| | - Negar Hosseinzadeh Kouchehbaghi
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Los Angeles, CA 90064 USA; Department of Textile Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology (Tehran Polytechnic), Hafez Avenue, Tehran, Iran
| | - Isabel Thomas
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Los Angeles, CA 90064 USA
| | - Hamed Serati Nouri
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Los Angeles, CA 90064 USA; Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Danial Khorsandi
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Los Angeles, CA 90064 USA; Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Mohsen Akbari
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Los Angeles, CA 90064 USA; Laboratory for Innovations in Microengineering (LiME), Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC V8P 5C2, Canada
| | - Rameshwar Patil
- Department of Basic Science and Neurosurgery, Division of Cancer Science, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92350, USA
| | - Heemin Kang
- Materials Science and Engineering, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Vadim Jucaud
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Los Angeles, CA 90064 USA.
| | - Ali Khademhosseini
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Los Angeles, CA 90064 USA.
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Ren E, Wang Y, Liang T, Zheng H, Shi J, Cheng Z, Li H, Gu Z. Local Drug Delivery Techniques for Triggering Immunogenic Cell Death. SMALL METHODS 2023; 7:e2300347. [PMID: 37259275 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202300347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Revised: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Immunogenic cell death (ICD), a dying state of the cells, encompasses the changes in the conformations of cell surface and the release of damage-associated molecular patterns, which could initiate an adaptive immune response by stimulating the dendritic cells to present antigens to T cells. Advancements in biomaterials, nanomedicine, and micro- and nano-technologies have facilitated the development of effective ICD inducers, but the potential toxicity of these vesicles encountered in drug delivery via intravenous administration hampers their further application. As alternatives, the local drug delivery systems have gained emerging attention due to their ability to prolong the retention of high payloads at the lesions, sequester drugs from harsh environments, overcome biological barriers to exert optimal efficacy, and minimize potential side effects to guarantee bio-safety. Herein, a brief overview of the local drug delivery techniques used for ICD inducers is provided, explaining how these techniques broaden, alter, and enhance the therapeutic capability while circumventing systemic toxicity at the same time. The historical context and prominent examples of the local administration of ICD inducers are introduced. The complexities, potential pitfalls, and opportunities for local drug delivery techniques in cancer immunotherapy are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- En Ren
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery Systems of Zhejiang Province, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, P. R. China
| | - Yanfang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery Systems of Zhejiang Province, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, P. R. China
| | - Tingxizi Liang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery Systems of Zhejiang Province, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, P. R. China
| | - Hanqi Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery Systems of Zhejiang Province, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, P. R. China
| | - Jiaqi Shi
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery Systems of Zhejiang Province, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, P. R. China
| | - Zesheng Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery Systems of Zhejiang Province, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, P. R. China
| | - Hongjun Li
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery Systems of Zhejiang Province, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, P. R. China
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery the Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310009, P. R. China
- Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University Medical Center, Hangzhou, 311121, P. R. China
- Jinhua Institute of Zhejiang University, Zhejiang University, Jinhua, 321299, P. R. China
| | - Zhen Gu
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery Systems of Zhejiang Province, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, P. R. China
- Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University Medical Center, Hangzhou, 311121, P. R. China
- Jinhua Institute of Zhejiang University, Zhejiang University, Jinhua, 321299, P. R. China
- Department of General Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310016, P. R. China
- The National Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery and Release Systems, Hangzhou, 310058, P. R. China
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Niu H, Zhao P, Sun W. Biomaterials for chimeric antigen receptor T cell engineering. Acta Biomater 2023; 166:1-13. [PMID: 37137403 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2023.04.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Revised: 04/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Chimeric antigen receptor T (CAR-T) cells have achieved breakthrough efficacies against hematological malignancies, but their unsatisfactory efficacies in solid tumors limit their applications. The prohibitively high prices further restrict their access to broader populations. Novel strategies are urgently needed to address these challenges, and engineering biomaterials can be one promising approach. The established process for manufacturing CAR-T cells involves multiple steps, and biomaterials can help simplify or improve several of them. In this review, we cover recent progress in engineering biomaterials for producing or stimulating CAR-T cells. We focus on the engineering of non-viral gene delivery nanoparticles for transducing CAR into T cells ex vivo/in vitro or in vivo. We also dive into the engineering of nano-/microparticles or implantable scaffolds for local delivery or stimulation of CAR-T cells. These biomaterial-based strategies can potentially change the way CAR-T cells are manufactured, significantly reducing their cost. Modulating the tumor microenvironment with the biomaterials can also considerably enhance the efficacy of CAR-T cells in solid tumors. We pay special attention to progress made in the past five years, and perspectives on future challenges and opportunities are also discussed. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Chimeric antigen receptor T (CAR-T) cell therapies have revolutionized the field of cancer immunotherapy with genetically engineered tumor recognition. They are also promising for treating many other diseases. However, the widespread application of CAR-T cell therapy has been hampered by the high manufacturing cost. Poor penetration of CAR-T cells into solid tissues further restricted their use. While biological strategies have been explored to improve CAR-T cell therapies, such as identifying new cancer targets or integrating smart CARs, biomaterial engineering provides alternative strategies toward better CAR-T cells. In this review, we summarize recent advances in engineering biomaterials for CAR-T cell improvement. Biomaterials ranging from nano-, micro-, and macro-scales have been developed to assist CAR-T cell manufacturing and formulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huanqing Niu
- Department of Biological Systems Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA; State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211816, China
| | - Penghui Zhao
- Department of Biological Systems Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA
| | - Wujin Sun
- Department of Biological Systems Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA; Biomedical Engineering and Mechanics, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA; Center for Emerging, Zoonotic, and Arthropod-Born Pathogens, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA.
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Zhang W, Chen Y, Zhao Z, Zheng H, Wang S, Liao Z, Sheng T, Zhao S, Hou W, Yu X, He F, Yu J, Zhang Y, Gu Z. Adoptive T reg therapy with metabolic intervention via perforated microneedles ameliorates psoriasis syndrome. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2023; 9:eadg6007. [PMID: 37196084 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adg6007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Regulatory T (Treg) cells underlie multiple autoimmune disorders and potentialize an anti-inflammation treatment with adoptive cell therapy. However, systemic delivery of cellular therapeutics often lacks tissue targeting and accumulation for localized autoimmune diseases. Besides, the instability and plasticity of Treg cells also induce phenotype transition and functional loss, impeding clinical translation. Here, we developed a perforated microneedle (PMN) with favorable mechanical performance and a spacious encapsulation cavity to support cell survival, as well as tunable channels to facilitate cell migration for local Treg therapy of psoriasis. In addition, the enzyme-degradable microneedle matrix could release fatty acid in the hyperinflammatory area of psoriasis, enhancing the Treg suppressive functions via the fatty acid oxidation (FAO)-mediated metabolic intervention. Treg cells administered through PMN substantially ameliorated psoriasis syndrome with the assistance of fatty acid-mediated metabolic intervention in a psoriasis mouse model. This tailorable PMN could offer a transformative platform for local cell therapy to treat a variety of diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wentao Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Drug Delivery Systems of Zhejiang Province, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yingxin Chen
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Drug Delivery Systems of Zhejiang Province, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Institute of Advanced Magnetic Materials and International Research Center for EM Metamaterials, College of Materials and Environmental Engineering, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Zhengjie Zhao
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Drug Delivery Systems of Zhejiang Province, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Hanqi Zheng
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Drug Delivery Systems of Zhejiang Province, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Shenqiang Wang
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Drug Delivery Systems of Zhejiang Province, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Ziyan Liao
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Drug Delivery Systems of Zhejiang Province, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Tao Sheng
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Drug Delivery Systems of Zhejiang Province, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Sheng Zhao
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Drug Delivery Systems of Zhejiang Province, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Wenhui Hou
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Drug Delivery Systems of Zhejiang Province, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Xinmin Yu
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Drug Delivery Systems of Zhejiang Province, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Fang He
- Department of Burns and Wound Center, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - Jicheng Yu
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Drug Delivery Systems of Zhejiang Province, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Department of General Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310016, China
- Jinhua Institute of Zhejiang University, Jinhua 321299, China
- Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University Medical Center, Hangzhou 311121, China
- National Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery and Release Systems, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yuqi Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Drug Delivery Systems of Zhejiang Province, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Department of Burns and Wound Center, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310009, China
- National Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery and Release Systems, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Zhen Gu
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Drug Delivery Systems of Zhejiang Province, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Department of General Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310016, China
- Jinhua Institute of Zhejiang University, Jinhua 321299, China
- Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University Medical Center, Hangzhou 311121, China
- National Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery and Release Systems, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
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10
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Nanotechnology for next-generation cancer immunotherapy: State of the art and future perspectives. J Control Release 2023; 356:14-25. [PMID: 36805873 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2023.02.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/23/2023]
Abstract
Over the past decade, immunotherapy aiming to activate an effective antitumor immune response has ushered in a new era of cancer treatment. However, the efficacy of cancer immunotherapy is limited by low response rates and high systemic toxicity. Nanotechnology is an encouraging platform for the development of next-generation cancer immunotherapy to effectively treat advanced cancer. Nanotechnology-enabled immunotherapy has remarkable advantages, ranging from the increased bioavailability and stability of immunotherapeutic agents to the enhanced activation of immune cells and favorable safety profiles. Nanotechnology-enabled immunotherapy can target solid tumors through reprogramming or stimulating immune cells (i.e., nanovaccines); modulating the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment; or targeting tumor cells and altering their responses to immune cells to generate effective antitumor immunity. In this Oration, I introduce the advanced strategies currently being pursued by our laboratory and other groups to improve the therapeutic efficacy of cancer immunotherapy and discuss the potential challenges and future directions.
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11
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Labanieh L, Mackall CL. CAR immune cells: design principles, resistance and the next generation. Nature 2023; 614:635-648. [PMID: 36813894 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-023-05707-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 156] [Impact Index Per Article: 156.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
Abstract
The remarkable clinical activity of chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) therapies in B cell and plasma cell malignancies has validated the use of this therapeutic class for liquid cancers, but resistance and limited access remain as barriers to broader application. Here we review the immunobiology and design principles of current prototype CARs and present emerging platforms that are anticipated to drive future clinical advances. The field is witnessing a rapid expansion of next-generation CAR immune cell technologies designed to enhance efficacy, safety and access. Substantial progress has been made in augmenting immune cell fitness, activating endogenous immunity, arming cells to resist suppression via the tumour microenvironment and developing approaches to modulate antigen density thresholds. Increasingly sophisticated multispecific, logic-gated and regulatable CARs display the potential to overcome resistance and increase safety. Early signs of progress with stealth, virus-free and in vivo gene delivery platforms provide potential paths for reduced costs and increased access of cell therapies in the future. The continuing clinical success of CAR T cells in liquid cancers is driving the development of increasingly sophisticated immune cell therapies that are poised to translate to treatments for solid cancers and non-malignant diseases in the coming years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louai Labanieh
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.,Center for Cancer Cell Therapy, Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.,Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Crystal L Mackall
- Center for Cancer Cell Therapy, Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA. .,Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, San Francisco, CA, USA. .,Division of Hematology, Oncology, Stem Cell Transplantation and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA. .,Division of Blood and Marrow Transplantation and Cell Therapy, Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
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12
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Jiang J, Huang Y, Zeng Z, Zhao C. Harnessing Engineered Immune Cells and Bacteria as Drug Carriers for Cancer Immunotherapy. ACS NANO 2023; 17:843-884. [PMID: 36598956 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.2c07607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Immunotherapy continues to be in the spotlight of oncology therapy research in the past few years and has been proven to be a promising option to modulate one's innate and adaptive immune systems for cancer treatment. However, the poor delivery efficiency of immune agents, potential off-target toxicity, and nonimmunogenic tumors significantly limit its effectiveness and extensive application. Recently, emerging biomaterial-based drug carriers, including but not limited to immune cells and bacteria, are expected to be potential candidates to break the dilemma of immunotherapy, with their excellent natures of intrinsic tumor tropism and immunomodulatory activity. More than that, the tiny vesicles and physiological components derived from them have similar functions with their source cells due to the inheritance of various surface signal molecules and proteins. Herein, we presented representative examples about the latest advances of biomaterial-based delivery systems employed in cancer immunotherapy, including immune cells, bacteria, and their derivatives. Simultaneously, opportunities and challenges of immune cells and bacteria-based carriers are discussed to provide reference for their future application in cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingwen Jiang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanjuan Huang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Zishan Zeng
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunshun Zhao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, People's Republic of China
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13
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Wu H, Li W, Hao M, Wang Y, Xue L, Ju C, Zhang C. An EPR-Independent extravasation Strategy: Deformable leukocytes as vehicles for improved solid tumor therapy. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2022; 187:114380. [PMID: 35662610 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2022.114380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2022] [Revised: 05/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Effective delivery of therapeutic modality throughout the tumorous nidus plays a crucial role in successful solid tumor treatment. However, conventional nanomedicines based on enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) effect have yielded limited delivery/therapeutic efficiency, due mainly to the heterogeneity of the solid tumor. Leukocytes, which could intrinsically migrate across the vessel wall and crawl through tissue interstitium in a self-deformable manner, have currently emerged as an alternative drug delivery vehicle. In this review, we start with the intrinsic properties of leukocytes (e.g., extravasation and crawling inside tumor), focusing on unveiling the conceptual rationality of leveraging leukocytes as EPR-independent delivery vehicles. Then we discussed various cargoes-loading/unloading strategies for leukocyte-based vehicles as well as their promising applications. This review aims to serve as an up-to-date compilation, which might provide inspiration for scientists in the field of drug delivery.
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14
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Chen Y, Pal S, Hu Q. Recent advances in biomaterial-assisted cell therapy. J Mater Chem B 2022; 10:7222-7238. [PMID: 35612089 DOI: 10.1039/d2tb00583b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
With the outstanding achievement of chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cell therapy in the clinic, cell-based medicines have attracted considerable attention for biomedical applications and thus generated encouraging progress. As the basic construction unit of organisms, cells harbor low immunogenicity, desirable compatibility, and a strong capability of crossing various biological barriers. However, there is still a long way to go to fix significant bottlenecks for their clinical translation, such as facile preparation, strict stability requirements, scale-up manufacturing, off-target toxicity, and affordability. The rapid development of biotechnology and engineering approaches in materials sciences has provided an ideal platform to assist cell-based therapeutics for wide application in disease treatments by overcoming these issues. Herein, we survey the most recent advances of various cells as bioactive ingredients and outline the roles of biomaterials in developing cell-based therapeutics. Besides, a perspective of cell therapies is offered with a particular focus on biomaterial-involved development of cell-based biopharmaceuticals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Chen
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Division, School of Pharmacy, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA. .,Carbone Cancer Center, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA.,Wisconsin Center for NanoBioSystems, School of Pharmacy, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Samira Pal
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Division, School of Pharmacy, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA.
| | - Quanyin Hu
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Division, School of Pharmacy, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA. .,Carbone Cancer Center, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA.,Wisconsin Center for NanoBioSystems, School of Pharmacy, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA
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