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Akhtar MN, Haleem A, Javaid M, Mathur S, Vaish A, Vaishya R. Artificial intelligence-based orthopaedic perpetual design. J Clin Orthop Trauma 2024; 49:102356. [PMID: 38361509 PMCID: PMC10865397 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcot.2024.102356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Background and aims Integrating Artificial Intelligence (AI) methodologies in orthopaedic surgeries is becoming increasingly important as it optimises implant designs and treatment procedures. This research article introduces an innovative approach using an AI-driven algorithm, focusing on the humerus bone anatomy. The primary focus of this work is to determine implant dimensions tailored to individual patients. Methodology We have utilised Python's DICOM library, which extracts rich information from medical images obtained through CT and MRI scans. The algorithm generates precise three-dimensional reconstructions of the bone, enabling a comprehensive understanding of its morphology. Results Using algorithms that reconstructed 3D bone models to propose optimal implant geometries that adhere to patients' unique anatomical intricacies and cater to their functional requirements. Integrating AI techniques promotes enhanced implant designs that facilitate enhanced integration with the host bone, promoting improved patient outcomes. Conclusion A notable breakthrough in this research is the ability of the algorithm to predict implant physical dimensions based on CT and MRI data. The algorithm can infer implant specifications that align with patient-specific bone characteristics by training the AI model on a diverse dataset. This approach could revolutionise orthopaedic surgery, reducing patient waiting times and the duration of medical interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Nahid Akhtar
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India
| | - Abid Haleem
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India
| | - Mohd Javaid
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India
| | - Sonu Mathur
- Department of Mechanical Engineering GJUS &T Hisar Haryana, India
| | - Abhishek Vaish
- Department of Orthopaedics, Indraprastha Apollo Hospital, Sarita Vihar, Mathura Road, New Delhi, India
| | - Raju Vaishya
- Department of Orthopaedics, Indraprastha Apollo Hospital, Sarita Vihar, Mathura Road, New Delhi, India
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Cetin T, Mühlenbrock A, Zachmann G, Weber V, Weyhe D, Uslar V. A virtual reality simulation of a novel way to illuminate the surgical field - A feasibility study on the use of automated lighting systems in the operating theatre. Front Surg 2023; 10:1055053. [PMID: 36936653 PMCID: PMC10017857 DOI: 10.3389/fsurg.2023.1055053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Surgical lighting systems have to be re-adjusted manually during surgery by the medical personnel. While some authors suggest that interaction with a surgical lighting system in the operating room might be a distractor, others support the idea that manual interaction with the surgical lighting system is a hygiene problem as pathogens might be present on the handle. In any case, it seems desirable to develop a novel approach to surgical lighting that minimizes the need for manual interaction during a surgical procedure. Methodes We investigated the effect of manual interaction with a classical surgical lighting system and simulated a proposed novel design of a surgical lighting system in a virtual reality environment with respect to performance accuracy as well as cognitive load (measured by electroencephalographical recordings). Results We found that manual interaction with the surgical lights has no effect on the quality of performance, yet for the price of a higher mental effort, possibly leading to faster fatigue of the medical personnel in the long run. Discussion Our proposed novel surgical lighting system negates the need for manual interaction and leads to a performance quality comparable to the classical lighting system, yet with less mental load for the surgical personnel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timur Cetin
- University Hospital for Visceral Surgery, Pius Hospital Oldenburg, University of Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany
- Correspondence: Timur Cetin
| | - Andre Mühlenbrock
- Centre for Computer Graphics and Virtual Reality, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
| | - Gabriel Zachmann
- Centre for Computer Graphics and Virtual Reality, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
| | - Verena Weber
- University Hospital for Visceral Surgery, Pius Hospital Oldenburg, University of Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Dirk Weyhe
- University Hospital for Visceral Surgery, Pius Hospital Oldenburg, University of Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Verena Uslar
- University Hospital for Visceral Surgery, Pius Hospital Oldenburg, University of Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany
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Abstract
Modern and innovative technologies are rapidly penetrating the clinical practices of Orthopaedic Surgeons. The ones that have proved successful for clinical use are Additive Manufacturing/3D printing, Artificial Intelligence, Robotics, Smart sensors, and Orthobiologics. Industry 5.0 revolution has helped provide personalised treatment by integrating machines and human beings. In this special issue, we present a collection of excellent articles on these technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raju Vaishya
- Department of Orthopaedics & Joint Replacement Surgery, Indraprastha Apollo Hospitals, New Delhi, 110076, India
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Rouf S, Malik A, Raina A, Irfan Ul Haq M, Naveed N, Zolfagharian A, Bodaghi M. Functionally graded additive manufacturing for orthopedic applications. J Orthop 2022; 33:70-80. [PMID: 35874041 PMCID: PMC9304666 DOI: 10.1016/j.jor.2022.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 05/22/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Additive Manufacturing due to its benefits in developing parts with complex geometries and shapes, has evolved as an alternate manufacturing process to develop implants with desired properties. The structure of human bones being anisotropic in nature is biologically functionally graded i,e. The structure possesses different properties in different directions. Therefore, various orthopedic implants such as knee, hip and other bone plates, if functionally graded can perform better. In this context, the development of functionally graded (FG) parts for orthopedic application with tailored anisotropic properties has become easier through the use of additive manufacturing (AM). Objectives and Rationale: The current paper aims to study the various aspects of additively manufactured FG parts for orthopedic applications. It presents the details of various orthopedic implants such as knee, hip and other bone plates in a structured manner. A systematic literature review is conducted to study the various material and functional aspects of functionally graded parts for orthopedic applications. A section is also dedicated to discuss the mechanical properties of functionally graded parts. Conclusion The literature revealed that additive manufacturing can provide lot of opportunities for development of functionally graded orthopedic implants with improved properties and durability. Further, the effect of various FG parameters on the mechanical behavior of these implants needs to be studied in detail. Also, with the advent of various AM technologies, the functional grading can be achieved by various means e.g. density, porosity, microstructure, composition, etc. By varying the AM parameters. However, the current limitations of cost and material biocompatibility prevent the widespread exploitation of AM technologies for various orthopedic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saquib Rouf
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Shri Mata Vaishno Devi University, J&K, India
| | - Abrar Malik
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Shri Mata Vaishno Devi University, J&K, India
| | - Ankush Raina
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Shri Mata Vaishno Devi University, J&K, India
| | - Mir Irfan Ul Haq
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Shri Mata Vaishno Devi University, J&K, India
| | - Nida Naveed
- Faculty of Technology, University of Sunderland, UK
| | | | - Mahdi Bodaghi
- School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, UK
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Zhao Y, Wang Z, Zhao J, Hussain M, Wang M. Additive Manufacturing in Orthopedics: A Review. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2022; 8:1367-1380. [PMID: 35266709 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.1c01072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Additive manufacturing is an advanced manufacturing manner that seems like the industrial revolution. It has the inborn benefit of producing complex formations, which are distinct from traditional machining technology. Its manufacturing strategy is flexible, including a wide range of materials, and its manufacturing cycle is short. Additive manufacturing techniques are progressively used in bone research and orthopedic operation as more innovative materials are developed. This Review lists the recent research results, analyzes the strengths and weaknesses of diverse three-dimensional printing strategies in orthopedics, and sums up the use of varying 3D printing strategies in surgical guides, surgical implants, surgical predictive models, and bone tissue engineering. Moreover, various postprocessing methods for additive manufacturing for orthopedics are described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingchao Zhao
- Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, No.172 Yinpenling Street, Tongzipo Road, Changsha 410013, China
| | - Zhen Wang
- Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, No.172 Yinpenling Street, Tongzipo Road, Changsha 410013, China
| | - Jingzhou Zhao
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive 4, Singapore 117585, Singapore
| | - Mubashir Hussain
- Postdoctoral Innovation Practice, Shenzhen Polytechnic, No.4089 Shahe West Road, Xinwei Nanshan District, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Maonan Wang
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive 4, Singapore 117585, Singapore
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Mishra A, Verma T, Vaish A, Vaish R, Vaishya R, Maini L. Virtual preoperative planning and 3D printing are valuable for the management of complex orthopaedic trauma. Chin J Traumatol 2019; 22:350-355. [PMID: 31668700 PMCID: PMC6921216 DOI: 10.1016/j.cjtee.2019.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2019] [Revised: 08/01/2019] [Accepted: 08/16/2019] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The technology of 3D printing (3DP) exists for quite some time, but it is still not utilized to its full potential in the field of orthopaedics and traumatology, such as underestimating its worth in virtual preoperative planning (VPP) and designing various models, templates, and jigs. It can be a significant tool in the reduction of surgical morbidity and better surgical outcome avoiding various associated complications. METHODS An observational study was done including 91 cases of complex trauma presented in our institution requiring operative fixation. Virtual preoperative planning and 3DP were used in the management of these fractures. Surgeons managing these cases were given a set of questionnaire and responses were recorded and assessed as a quantitative data. RESULTS In all the 91 cases, where VPP and 3DP were used, the surgeons were satisfied with the outcome which they got intraoperatively and postoperatively. Surgical time was reduced, with a better outcome. Three dimensional models of complex fracture were helpful in understanding the anatomy and sketching out the plans for optimum reduction and fixation. The average score of the questionnaire was 4.5, out of a maximum of 6, suggesting a positive role of 3DP in orthopaedics. CONCLUSION 3DP is useful in complex trauma management by accurate reduction and placement of implants, reduction of surgical time and with a better outcome. Although there is an initial learning curve to understand and execute the VPP and 3DP, these become easier with practice and experience.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhishek Mishra
- Department of Orthopaedics and Joint Replacement Surgery, Maulana Azad Medical College, Lok Nayak Hospital, New Delhi 110001, India,Corresponding author.
| | - Tarun Verma
- Department of Orthopaedics and Joint Replacement Surgery, Maulana Azad Medical College, Lok Nayak Hospital, New Delhi 110001, India
| | - Abhishek Vaish
- Department of Orthopaedics and Joint Replacement Surgery, Maulana Azad Medical College, Lok Nayak Hospital, New Delhi 110001, India
| | - Riya Vaish
- Department of Orthopaedics and Joint Replacement Surgery, Maulana Azad Medical College, Lok Nayak Hospital, New Delhi 110001, India
| | - Raju Vaishya
- Department of Orthopaedics and Joint Replacement Surgery, Indraprastha Apollo Hospital, SaritaVihar, New Delhi 110076, India
| | - Lalit Maini
- Department of Orthopaedics and Joint Replacement Surgery, Maulana Azad Medical College, Lok Nayak Hospital, New Delhi 110001, India
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