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Yu X, Li S, Jiao Y, Ren Y, Kou Y, Dang X. Impact of the geometric structure parameter on the performance of dielectric barrier reactor for toluene removal. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:982-994. [PMID: 38030837 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-31238-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
The reasonable geometry design of non-thermal plasma (NTP) reactor is significant for its performance. However, optimizing the reactor structure has received insufficient attention in the studies on removing volatile organic compounds by NTP. Several dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) reactors with various barrier thicknesses and discharge gaps were designed, and their discharge characteristics and toluene degradation performance were explored comprehensively. The number and intensity of current pulses, discharge power, emission spectrum intensity and gas temperature of the DBD reactors increased as barrier thickness decreased. The toluene removal efficiency and mineralization rate increased from 23.2-87.1% and 5.3-27.9% to 81.7-100% and 15.9-51.3%, respectively, when the barrier thickness reduced from 3 to 1 mm. With the increase of discharge gap, the breakdown voltage, discharge power, gas temperature and residence time increased, while the discharge intensity decreased. The reactor with the smallest discharge gap (3.5 mm) exhibited the highest toluene removal efficiency (78.4-100%), mineralization rate (15.6-40.9%) and energy yield (8.4-18.7 g/kWh). Finally, the toluene degradation pathways were proposed based on the detected organic intermediates. The findings can provide critical guidance for designing and optimizing of DBD reactor structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Yu
- School of Environmental & Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture & Technology, Yanta Road, No. 13, Xi'an, 710055, Shaanxi Province, China
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture & Technology, Yanta Road, No. 13, Xi'an, 71005, Shaanxi Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Northwest Water Resources, Environment and Ecology, Ministry of Education, Xi'an University of Architecture & Technology, Yanta Road, No. 13, Xi'an, 71005, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Shijie Li
- School of Environmental & Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture & Technology, Yanta Road, No. 13, Xi'an, 710055, Shaanxi Province, China
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture & Technology, Yanta Road, No. 13, Xi'an, 71005, Shaanxi Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Northwest Water Resources, Environment and Ecology, Ministry of Education, Xi'an University of Architecture & Technology, Yanta Road, No. 13, Xi'an, 71005, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Yang Jiao
- School of Environmental & Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture & Technology, Yanta Road, No. 13, Xi'an, 710055, Shaanxi Province, China
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture & Technology, Yanta Road, No. 13, Xi'an, 71005, Shaanxi Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Northwest Water Resources, Environment and Ecology, Ministry of Education, Xi'an University of Architecture & Technology, Yanta Road, No. 13, Xi'an, 71005, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Yitong Ren
- School of Environmental & Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture & Technology, Yanta Road, No. 13, Xi'an, 710055, Shaanxi Province, China
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture & Technology, Yanta Road, No. 13, Xi'an, 71005, Shaanxi Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Northwest Water Resources, Environment and Ecology, Ministry of Education, Xi'an University of Architecture & Technology, Yanta Road, No. 13, Xi'an, 71005, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Yongkang Kou
- School of Environmental & Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture & Technology, Yanta Road, No. 13, Xi'an, 710055, Shaanxi Province, China
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture & Technology, Yanta Road, No. 13, Xi'an, 71005, Shaanxi Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Northwest Water Resources, Environment and Ecology, Ministry of Education, Xi'an University of Architecture & Technology, Yanta Road, No. 13, Xi'an, 71005, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Xiaoqing Dang
- School of Environmental & Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture & Technology, Yanta Road, No. 13, Xi'an, 710055, Shaanxi Province, China.
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture & Technology, Yanta Road, No. 13, Xi'an, 71005, Shaanxi Province, China.
- Key Laboratory of Northwest Water Resources, Environment and Ecology, Ministry of Education, Xi'an University of Architecture & Technology, Yanta Road, No. 13, Xi'an, 71005, Shaanxi Province, China.
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Luo Y, Yue X, Zhang H, Liu X, Wu Z. Recent advances in energy efficiency optimization methods for plasma CO 2 conversion. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 906:167486. [PMID: 37788772 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.167486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/05/2023]
Abstract
Efforts to develop efficient methods for converting carbon dioxide (CO2) have drawn mounting interest due to incremental concerns over carbon emissions. Non-thermal plasma (NTP) technology has shown promise in this regard by producing numerous reactive substances at relatively low temperatures. However, an analysis of relevant literature reveals an underwhelming level of overall energy efficiency for this technology and an insufficient level of attention being paid to it. It is crucial to put forward more effective energy-saving schemes based on a comprehensive analysis of past research results to promote sustained development. This review highlights the latest advances in pertinent energy efficiency optimization studies and outlines state-of-the-art methods. In terms of energy efficiency optimization for plasma CO2 conversion, a comparison is made among different research results in four aspects as follows. Specifically, this study analyzes reactor structure optimization in terms of discharge characteristic, flow field, and plasma contact area; discusses pathways of heat transfer optimization to suppress the competing reaction; and explores catalyst optimization in terms of active sites, calcination temperature, and product selectivity; examines the potential of utilizing solar energy for clean energy applications. The analysis of energy efficiency data indicates an overall improvement when the aforementioned optimization measures are applied, which is essential to validate the effectiveness of each method. Finally, this paper discusses the potential difficulties and future research areas of NTP technology. Urgent further research is imperative on energy efficiency optimization methods for potential large-scale industrial applications in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Luo
- School of Civil Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui 230009, China
| | - Xiaofeng Yue
- School of Civil Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui 230009, China
| | - Hongli Zhang
- School of Civil Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui 230009, China
| | - Xiaoping Liu
- School of Civil Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui 230009, China; Institute of Building Carbon Neutrality, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui 230009, China.
| | - Zhengwei Wu
- School of Nuclear Science and Technology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China.
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Xu M, Fukuyama Y, Nakai K, Liu Z, Sumiya Y, Okino A. Characteristics of Double-Layer, Large-Flow Dielectric Barrier Discharge Plasma Source for Toluene Decomposition. PLASMA 2023. [DOI: 10.3390/plasma6020016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The direct decomposition of toluene-containing humidified air at large flow rates was studied in two types of reactors with dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) features in ambient conditions. A scalable large-flow DBD reactor (single-layer reactor) was designed to verify the feasibility of large-flow plasma generation and evaluate its decomposition characteristics with toluene-containing humidified air, which have not been investigated. In addition, another large-flow DBD reactor with a multilayer structure (two-layer reactor) was developed as an upscale version of the single-layer reactor, and the scalability and superiority of the features of the multilayer structure were validated by comparing the decomposition characteristics of the two reactors. Consequently, the large-flow DBD reactor showed similar decomposition characteristics to those of the small-flow DBD reactor regarding applied voltage, flow velocity, flow rate, and discharge length, thus justifying the feasibility of large-flow plasma generation. Additionally, the two-layer reactor is more effective than the single-layer reactor, suggesting multilayer configuration is a viable scheme for further upscaled DBD systems. A high decomposition rate of 59.5% was achieved at the considerably large flow rate of 110 L/min. The results provide fundamental data and present guidelines for the implementation of the DBD plasma-based system as a solution for volatile organic compound abatement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mao Xu
- Laboratory for Future Interdisciplinary Research of Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, J2-32, 4259 Nagatsuta, Midori-ku, Yokohama 226-8502, Japan
| | - Yohei Fukuyama
- Laboratory for Future Interdisciplinary Research of Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, J2-32, 4259 Nagatsuta, Midori-ku, Yokohama 226-8502, Japan
| | - Kazuki Nakai
- Laboratory for Future Interdisciplinary Research of Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, J2-32, 4259 Nagatsuta, Midori-ku, Yokohama 226-8502, Japan
| | - Zhizhi Liu
- Laboratory for Future Interdisciplinary Research of Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, J2-32, 4259 Nagatsuta, Midori-ku, Yokohama 226-8502, Japan
| | - Yuki Sumiya
- Laboratory for Future Interdisciplinary Research of Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, J2-32, 4259 Nagatsuta, Midori-ku, Yokohama 226-8502, Japan
| | - Akitoshi Okino
- Laboratory for Future Interdisciplinary Research of Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, J2-32, 4259 Nagatsuta, Midori-ku, Yokohama 226-8502, Japan
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Study on the conversion mechanism of CO2 to O2 in pulse voltage dielectric barrier discharge at Martian pressure. J CO2 UTIL 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcou.2023.102430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
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5
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Non-thermal plasma assisted CO2 conversion to CO: Influence of non-catalytic glass packing materials. Chem Eng Sci 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ces.2022.118376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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6
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Mei D, Sun M, Liu S, Zhang P, Fang Z, Tu X. Plasma-enabled catalytic dry reforming of CH4 into syngas, hydrocarbons and oxygenates: Insight into the active metals of γ-Al2O3 supported catalysts. J CO2 UTIL 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcou.2022.102307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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7
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Ivanov V, Paunska T, Lazarova S, Bogaerts A, Kolev S. Gliding arc/glow discharge for CO2 conversion: Comparing the performance of different discharge configurations. J CO2 UTIL 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcou.2022.102300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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8
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Recent progress in plasma-catalytic conversion of CO2 to chemicals and fuels. Catal Today 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cattod.2022.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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9
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Sustainability Assessment of the Utilization of CO2 in a Dielectric Barrier Discharge Reactor Powered by Photovoltaic Energy. Processes (Basel) 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/pr10091851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The direct activation of diluted CO2 in argon was studied in a co-axial dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) reactor powered by photovoltaic energy. The influence of the initial CO2 and argon concentration on the CO2 decomposition to form CO was investigated using a copper-based catalyst in the discharge zone. It was observed that the CO2 conversion was higher at lower CO2 concentrations. The presence of the diluent gas (argon) was also studied and it was observed how it has a high influence on the decomposition of CO2, improving the conversion at high argon concentrations. At the highest observed energy efficiency (1.7%), the CO2 conversion obtained was 40.2%. It was observed that a way to enhance the sustainability of the process was to use photovoltaic energy. Taking into account a life cycle assessment approach (LCA), it was estimated that within the best-case scenario, it would be feasible to counterbalance 97% of the CO2 emissions related to the process.
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Xia M, Ding W, Shen C, Zhang Z, Liu CJ. CeO 2-Enhanced CO 2 Decomposition via Frosted Dielectric Barrier Discharge Plasma. Ind Eng Chem Res 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.2c00201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mengyu Xia
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Wanyan Ding
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Chenyang Shen
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Zhitao Zhang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Chang-jun Liu
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
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11
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Ding W, Xia M, Shen C, Wang Y, Zhang Z, Tu X, Liu CJ. Enhanced CO2 conversion by frosted dielectric surface with ZrO2 coating in a dielectric barrier discharge reactor. J CO2 UTIL 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcou.2022.102045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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12
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Golubev OV, Maksimov AL. Plasma-Assisted Catalytic Decomposition of Carbon Dioxide. RUSS J APPL CHEM+ 2022. [DOI: 10.1134/s1070427222050019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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13
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Cheng H, Liu D, Ostrikov K(K. Synergistic CO2 plasma catalysis: CO production pathways and effects of vibrationally excited species. J CO2 UTIL 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcou.2021.101763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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14
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Interactive mechanism of plasma-assisted CO2 capture for calcium looping cycle via in-situ DRIFTS. J CO2 UTIL 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcou.2021.101800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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15
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Shah YT, Verma J, Katti SS. Plasma activated catalysis for carbon dioxide dissociation: A review. J INDIAN CHEM SOC 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jics.2021.100152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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16
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Effect of Liquid Grounding Electrode on the NOx Removal by Dielectric Barrier Discharge Non-Thermal Plasma. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/app11198815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, an experimental setup was established to study the influence of potassium chloride (KCL) solution as the ground electrode on the nitrogen oxides (NOx) removal efficiency in non-thermal plasma (NTP) generated by dielectric barrier discharging (DBD) reactor. The experimental results show that the KCL solution as the ground electrode has better stability and higher discharge intensity and it is a promising approach to improve NOx removal efficiency. The specific NOx removal efficiency is related to the power frequency, the concentration and temperature of the KCL solution. As the power frequency increases, the NOx removal efficiency first increases and then decreases, and a maximum value is reached at the power frequency of 8 kHz. The NO removal effect is improved as the concentration of the KCL solution increases, especially when the concentration is lower than 0.1 mol/L. Under the same KCL solution concentration and input energy density, the NOx removal efficiency is increased with the solution temperature. In particular, when the power discharge frequency is 8 kHz, the KCL solution concentration is 0.1 mol/L and the solution temperature is 60 °C, the NOx and NO removal efficiency reach 85.82% and 100%, respectively.
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Chen G, Snyders R, Britun N. CO2 conversion using catalyst-free and catalyst-assisted plasma-processes: Recent progress and understanding. J CO2 UTIL 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcou.2021.101557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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18
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Easing of frequency gaps in carbon monoxide formation with argon diluents in carbon dioxide dielectric barrier discharge. CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL ADVANCES 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ceja.2021.100099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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19
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Abbas Z, Zaman WQ, Danish M, Shan A, Ma C, Ayub KS, Tariq M, Shen Q, Cao L, Yang J. Catalytic nonthermal plasma using efficient cobalt oxide catalyst for complete mineralization of toluene. RESEARCH ON CHEMICAL INTERMEDIATES 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s11164-021-04406-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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20
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Taghvaei H, Pirzadeh E, Jahanbakhsh M, Khalifeh O, Rahimpour M. Polyurethane foam: A novel support for metal oxide packing used in the non-thermal plasma decomposition of CO2. J CO2 UTIL 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcou.2020.101398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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21
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Ray D, Chawdhury P, Bhargavi K, Thatikonda S, Lingaiah N, Subrahmanyam C. Ni and Cu oxide supported γ-Al2O3 packed DBD plasma reactor for CO2 activation. J CO2 UTIL 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcou.2020.101400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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22
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Synergistic effect of catalyst and plasma on CO2 decomposition in a dielectric barrier discharge plasma reactor. MOLECULAR CATALYSIS 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mcat.2020.111304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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23
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Wang L, Du X, Yi Y, Wang H, Gul M, Zhu Y, Tu X. Plasma-enhanced direct conversion of CO 2 to CO over oxygen-deficient Mo-doped CeO 2. Chem Commun (Camb) 2020; 56:14801-14804. [PMID: 33185644 DOI: 10.1039/d0cc06514e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Plasma CO2 splitting to CO over oxygen-deficient Mo-doped CeO2 under mild conditions was investigated for the first time, showing ∼20 times higher CO2 conversion compared to pure CeO2, which can be attributed to the increased oxygen vacancies (VO) and the formation of Ce3+-VO-Mo on the catalyst surface. Importantly, VO sites showed excellent catalytic stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Wang
- College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian, 116026, P. R. China.
| | - Xiaomin Du
- College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian, 116026, P. R. China.
| | - Yanhui Yi
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116012, P. R. China
| | - Hongyang Wang
- College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian, 116026, P. R. China.
| | - Masaud Gul
- College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian, 116026, P. R. China.
| | - Yimin Zhu
- College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian, 116026, P. R. China.
| | - Xin Tu
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Electronics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L69 3GJ, UK.
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Yao X, Zhang Y, Wei Z, Chen M, Shangguan W. Plasma-Catalytic Conversion of CO 2 and H 2O into H 2, CO, and Traces of CH 4 over NiO/Cordierite Catalysts. Ind Eng Chem Res 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.0c01764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xin Yao
- Research Center for Combustion and Environment Technology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dong Chuan Road, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
- College of Ocean Science and Engineering, Shanghai Maritime University, 1550 Haigang Avenue, Shanghai 201306, P. R. China
| | - Yikun Zhang
- Research Center for Combustion and Environment Technology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dong Chuan Road, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
| | - Zhidong Wei
- Research Center for Combustion and Environment Technology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dong Chuan Road, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
| | - Mingxia Chen
- Research Center for Combustion and Environment Technology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dong Chuan Road, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
| | - Wenfeng Shangguan
- Research Center for Combustion and Environment Technology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dong Chuan Road, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
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Chen H, Mu Y, Xu S, Xu S, Hardacre C, Fan X. Recent advances in non-thermal plasma (NTP) catalysis towards C1 chemistry. Chin J Chem Eng 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cjche.2020.05.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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26
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On-line microplasma decomposition of gaseous phase interference for solid sampling mercury analysis in aquatic food samples. Anal Chim Acta 2020; 1121:42-49. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2020.04.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2020] [Revised: 04/20/2020] [Accepted: 04/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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27
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28
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Ray D, Chawdhury P, Subrahmanyam C. A facile method to decompose CO 2 using a g-C 3N 4-assisted DBD plasma reactor. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2020; 183:109286. [PMID: 32113172 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2020.109286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2019] [Revised: 02/20/2020] [Accepted: 02/20/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The present study accomplishes the partial reduction of CO2 to carbon monoxide in a dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) reactor packed with g-C3N4 and TiO2 or ZnO mixed with g-C3N4. Typical results indicate that the ZnO + g-C3N4 packed reactor provides ~12% CO2 conversion at SIE of 4.8 J/mL, whereas DBD yields only ~7.5% conversion under the same experimental conditions. The best performance of the ZnO integrated system is due to the presence of more basic sites than those of the TiO2 packed system, which enables effective adsorption of acidic CO2 on its surface. The highest energy efficiency of 1.106 mmol/kJ is achieved with 5% ZnO + g-C3N4 at SIE of 4.8 J/mL, whereas DBD exhibits only 0.746 mmol/kJ under the same conditions. Notably, catalyst packing also enables the highest carbon balance of ~97%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debjyoti Ray
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, Telangana, 502 285, India
| | - Piu Chawdhury
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, Telangana, 502 285, India
| | - Ch Subrahmanyam
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, Telangana, 502 285, India.
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DBD Plasma Combined with Different Foam Metal Electrodes for CO 2 Decomposition: Experimental Results and DFT Validations. NANOMATERIALS 2019; 9:nano9111595. [PMID: 31717939 PMCID: PMC6915610 DOI: 10.3390/nano9111595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2019] [Revised: 09/24/2019] [Accepted: 10/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
In the last few years, due to the large amount of greenhouse gas emissions causing environmental issue like global warming, methods for the full consumption and utilization of greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide (CO2) have attracted great attention. In this study, a packed-bed dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) coaxial reactor has been developed and applied to split CO2 into industrial fuel carbon monoxide (CO). Different packing materials (foam Fe, Al, and Ti) were placed into the discharge gap of the DBD reactor, and then CO2 conversion was investigated. The effects of power, flow velocity, and other discharge characteristics of CO2 conversion were studied to understand the influence of the filling catalysts on CO2 splitting. Experimental results showed that the filling of foam metals in the reactor caused changes in discharge characteristics and discharge patterns, from the original filamentary discharge to the current filamentary discharge as well as surface discharge. Compared with the maximum CO2 conversion of 21.15% and energy efficiency of 3.92% in the reaction tube without the foam metal materials, a maximum CO2 decomposition rate of 44.84%, 44.02%, and 46.61% and energy efficiency of 6.86%, 6.19%, and 8.85% were obtained in the reaction tubes packed with foam Fe, Al, and Ti, respectively. The CO2 conversion rate for reaction tubes filled with the foam metal materials was clearly enhanced compared to the non-packed tubes. It could be seen that the foam Ti had the best CO2 decomposition rate among the three foam metals. Furthermore, we used density functional theory to further verify the experimental results. The results indicated that CO2 adsorption had a lower activation energy barrier on the foam Ti surface. The theoretical calculation was consistent with the experimental results, which better explain the mechanism of CO2 decomposition.
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Xu W, Dong M, Di L, Zhang X. A Facile Method for Preparing UiO-66 Encapsulated Ru Catalyst and its Application in Plasma-Assisted CO 2 Methanation. NANOMATERIALS 2019; 9:nano9101432. [PMID: 31658648 PMCID: PMC6835285 DOI: 10.3390/nano9101432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2019] [Revised: 09/29/2019] [Accepted: 10/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
With increasing applications of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) in the field of gas separation and catalysis, the preparation and performance research of encapsulating metal nanoparticles (NPs) into MOFs (M@MOF) have attracted extensive attention recently. Herein, an Ru@UiO-66 catalyst is prepared by a one-step method. Ru NPs are encapsulated in situ in the UiO-66 skeleton structure during the synthesis of UiO-66 metal-organic framework via a solvothermal method, and its catalytic activity for CO2 methanation with the synergy of cold plasma is studied. The crystallinity and structural integrity of UiO-66 is maintained after encapsulating Ru NPs according to the X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). As illustrated by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), and mapping analysis, the Ru species of the hydration ruthenium trichloride precursor are reduced to metallic Ru NPs without additional reducing processes during the synthesis of Ru@UiO-66, and the Ru NPs are uniformly distributed inside the Ru@UiO-66. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and N2 sorption analysis show that the specific surface area and thermal stability of Ru@UiO-66 decrease slightly compared with that of UiO-66 and was ascribed to the encapsulation of Ru NPs in the UiO-66 skeleton. The results of plasma-assisted catalytic CO2 methanation indicate that Ru@UiO-66 exhibits excellent catalytic activity. CO2 conversion and CH4 selectivity over Ru@UiO-66 reached 72.2% and 95.4% under 13.0 W of discharge power and a 30 mL·min-1 gas flow rate ( V H 2 : V C O 2 = 4 : 1 ), respectively. Both values are significantly higher than pure UiO-66 with plasma and Ru/Al2O3 with plasma. The enhanced performance of Ru@UiO-66 is attributed to its unique framework structure and excellent dispersion of Ru NPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiwei Xu
- College of Physical Science and Technology, Dalian University, Dalian 116622, China.
| | - Mengyue Dong
- College of Physical Science and Technology, Dalian University, Dalian 116622, China.
| | - Lanbo Di
- College of Physical Science and Technology, Dalian University, Dalian 116622, China.
| | - Xiuling Zhang
- College of Physical Science and Technology, Dalian University, Dalian 116622, China.
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31
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Effects of discharge parameters on carbon dioxide conversion in TiO2 packed dielectric barrier discharge at atmospheric pressure. SN APPLIED SCIENCES 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s42452-019-0847-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
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Li L, Zhang H, Li X, Kong X, Xu R, Tay K, Tu X. Plasma-assisted CO2 conversion in a gliding arc discharge: Improving performance by optimizing the reactor design. J CO2 UTIL 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcou.2018.12.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Abstract
Nitrogen is an essential element to plants, animals, human beings and all the other living things on earth. Nitrogen fixation, which converts inert atmospheric nitrogen into ammonia or other valuable substances, is a very important part of the nitrogen cycle. The Haber-Bosch process plays the dominant role in the chemical nitrogen fixation as it produces a large amount of ammonia to meet the demand from the agriculture and chemical industries. However, due to the high energy consumption and related environmental concerns, increasing attention is being given to alternative (greener) nitrogen fixation processes. Among different approaches, plasma-assisted nitrogen fixation is one of the most promising methods since it has many advantages over others. These include operating at mild operation conditions, a green environmental profile and suitability for decentralized production. This review covers the research progress in the field of plasma-assisted nitrogen fixation achieved in the past five years. Both the production of NOx and the synthesis of ammonia are included, and discussion on plasma reactors, operation parameters and plasma-catalysts are given. In addition, outlooks and suggestions for future research are also given.
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34
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Arc length control for efficiency enhancement of energy usage in plasma dry reforming process. J CO2 UTIL 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcou.2018.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Alliati M, Mei D, Tu X. Plasma activation of CO2 in a dielectric barrier discharge: A chemical kinetic model from the microdischarge to the reactor scales. J CO2 UTIL 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcou.2018.07.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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36
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Pou J, Colominas C, Gonzalez-Olmos R. CO2 reduction using non-thermal plasma generated with photovoltaic energy in a fluidized reactor. J CO2 UTIL 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcou.2018.08.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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37
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38
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Mustafa MF, Fu X, Liu Y, Abbas Y, Wang H, Lu W. Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) removal in non-thermal plasma double dielectric barrier discharge reactor. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2018; 347:317-324. [PMID: 29331811 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2018.01.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2017] [Revised: 12/30/2017] [Accepted: 01/09/2018] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Non-thermal plasma (NTP) an emerging technology to treat volatile organic compounds (VOCs) present in unhygienic point source air streams. In present study, double dielectric barrier discharge (DDBD) reactors were used for the first time to evaluate the removal efficiency of VOCs mixture of different nature at constant experimental conditions (input power 16-65.8 W, VOCs mixture feeding rate 1-6 L/min, 100-101 ppm inlet concentration of individual VOC). Reactor A and B with discharge gap at 6 mm and 3 mm respectively, were used in current study. When treated at an input power of 53.7 W with gas feeding rate of 1 L/min in DDBD reactor A, removal efficiency of the VOCs were: tetrachloroethylene (100%), toluene (100%), trichloroethylene (100%), benzene (100%), ethyl acetate (100%) and carbon disulfide (88.30%); whereas in reactor B, the removal efficiency of all VOCs were 100%. Plasma-catalyst (Pt-Sn/Al2O3, BaTiO3 and HZSM-5) synergistic effect on VOCs removal efficiency was also investigated. Highest removal efficiency i.e 100% was observed for each compound with BaTiO3 and HZSM-5 at an input power 65.8 W. However, integrating NTP with BaTiO3 and HZSM-5 leads to enhanced removal performance of VOCs mixture with high activity, increase in energy efficiency and suppression of unwanted byproducts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Farooq Mustafa
- School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, PR China; Key Laboratory for Solid Waste Management and Environment Safety (Tsinghua University), Ministry of Education of China, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, PR China
| | - Xindi Fu
- School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, PR China
| | - Yanjun Liu
- School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, PR China
| | - Yawar Abbas
- School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, PR China
| | - Hongtao Wang
- School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, PR China; Key Laboratory for Solid Waste Management and Environment Safety (Tsinghua University), Ministry of Education of China, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, PR China
| | - Wenjing Lu
- School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, PR China; Key Laboratory for Solid Waste Management and Environment Safety (Tsinghua University), Ministry of Education of China, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, PR China.
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Wengler J, Ognier S, Zhang M, Levernier E, Guyon C, Ollivier C, Fensterbank L, Tatoulian M. Microfluidic chips for plasma flow chemistry: application to controlled oxidative processes. REACT CHEM ENG 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c8re00122g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A novel biphasic gas/liquid plasma microreactor performed controlled oxidation of cyclohexane into “KA oil” with more than 70% selectivity and more than 10% conversion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julien Wengler
- Chimie ParisTech
- PSL Université Paris
- CNRS
- Institut de Recherche de Chimie Paris
- 75005 Paris
| | - Stéphanie Ognier
- Chimie ParisTech
- PSL Université Paris
- CNRS
- Institut de Recherche de Chimie Paris
- 75005 Paris
| | - Mengxue Zhang
- Chimie ParisTech
- PSL Université Paris
- CNRS
- Institut de Recherche de Chimie Paris
- 75005 Paris
| | - Etienne Levernier
- Sorbonne Université
- CNRS
- Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire
- MACO group
- 75005 Paris
| | - Cedric Guyon
- Chimie ParisTech
- PSL Université Paris
- CNRS
- Institut de Recherche de Chimie Paris
- 75005 Paris
| | - Cyril Ollivier
- Sorbonne Université
- CNRS
- Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire
- MACO group
- 75005 Paris
| | - Louis Fensterbank
- Sorbonne Université
- CNRS
- Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire
- MACO group
- 75005 Paris
| | - Michael Tatoulian
- Chimie ParisTech
- PSL Université Paris
- CNRS
- Institut de Recherche de Chimie Paris
- 75005 Paris
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41
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Mei D, Liu S, Tu X. CO2 reforming with methane for syngas production using a dielectric barrier discharge plasma coupled with Ni/γ-Al2O3 catalysts: Process optimization through response surface methodology. J CO2 UTIL 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcou.2017.06.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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42
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Mei D, Tu X. Atmospheric Pressure Non-Thermal Plasma Activation of CO2in a Packed-Bed Dielectric Barrier Discharge Reactor. Chemphyschem 2017; 18:3253-3259. [DOI: 10.1002/cphc.201700752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2017] [Revised: 08/15/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Danhua Mei
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Electronics; University of Liverpool; Liverpool L69 3GJ UK), Tel: (+44) 151 7944513
| | - Xin Tu
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Electronics; University of Liverpool; Liverpool L69 3GJ UK), Tel: (+44) 151 7944513
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43
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Abstract
Carbon dioxide (CO2) partial reduction to carbon monoxide (CO) and oxygen has been conducted in a dielectric barrier discharge reactor (DBD) operating a packed bed configuration and the results are compared with that of no packing condition. The effect of diluent gas is studied to understand the influence on dielectric strength of the plasma gas on CO2 splitting, with the objective of obtaining the best CO selectivity and high energy efficiency. Typical results indicated that among N2, He and Ar gases, Ar showed the best decomposition efficiency. Glass beads packing has a strong influence on the performance, probably due to the enhanced field strength due to dielectric nature of the packed material. In a similar manner, Ar mole ratio in the gas mixture also played a significant role, where the maximum CO2 conversion of 19.5% was obtained with packed DBD at CO2:Ar ratio 1:2. The best CO yield (16.8%) was also obtained under the same conditions. The highest energy efficiency was found to be 0.945 mmol/kJ. The activated species formed inside the CO2 plasma were identified by optical emission spectroscopy.
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