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Hou J, Li W, Xu X, Sun A, Xu G, Cheng Z, Zhang H, An X. MiR-2284b regulation of α-s1 casein synthesis in mammary epithelial cells of dairy goats. Anim Biotechnol 2024; 35:2334725. [PMID: 38623994 DOI: 10.1080/10495398.2024.2334725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
The lactation character of dairy goats is the most important characteristic, and milk protein is an important index to evaluate milk quality. Casein accounts for more than 80% of the total milk protein in goat milk and is the main component of milk protein. Using GMECs (goat mammary epithelial cells) as the research object, the CHECK2 vector of the CSN1S1 gene and the overexpression vector of pcDNA 3.1 were constructed, and the mimics of miR-2284b and the interfering RNA of CSN1S1 were synthesized. Using PCR, RT-qPCR, a dual luciferase activity detection system, EdU, CCK8, cell apoptosis detection and ELISA detection, we explored the regulatory mechanism and molecular mechanism of miR-2284b regulation of αs1-casein synthesis in GMECs. miR-2284b negatively regulates proliferation and apoptosis of GMECs and αs1-casein synthesis. Two new gene sequences of CSN1S1 were discovered. CSN1S1-1/-2 promoted the proliferation of GMECs and inhibited cell apoptosis. However, it had no effect on αs1-casein synthesis. MiR-2284b negatively regulates αs1-casein synthesis in GMECs by inhibiting the CSN1S1 gene. These results all indicated that miR-2284b could regulate αs1-casein synthesis, thus playing a theoretical guiding role in the future breeding process of dairy goats and accelerating the development of dairy goat breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinxing Hou
- College of Animal Engineering, Yangling Vocational & Technical College, Yangling, Shaanxi, P.R. China
| | - Wenfei Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, P.R. China
| | - Xiaolong Xu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, P.R. China
| | - Ao Sun
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, P.R. China
| | - Ganggang Xu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, P.R. China
| | - Zefang Cheng
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, P.R. China
| | - Haoyuan Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, P.R. China
| | - Xiaopeng An
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, P.R. China
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Shi X, Zhang Y, Chen S, Du X, Zhang P, Duan X, Fang H, Liu S. Differential gene expression and immune cell infiltration in maedi-visna virus-infected lung tissues. BMC Genomics 2024; 25:534. [PMID: 38816794 PMCID: PMC11141007 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-024-10448-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Maedi-visna virus (MVV) is a lentivirus that infects monocyte/macrophage lineage cells in sheep, goats, and wild ruminants and causes pneumonia, mastitis, arthritis, and encephalitis. The immune response to MVV infection is complex, and a complete understanding of its infection and pathogenesis is lacking. This study investigated the in vivo transcriptomic patterns of lung tissues in sheep exposed to MVV using the RNA sequencing technology. RESULT The results indicated that 2,739 genes were significantly differentially expressed, with 1,643 downregulated genes and 1,096 upregulated genes. Many variables that could be unique to MVV infections were discovered. Gene Ontology analysis revealed that a significant proportion of genes was enriched in terms directly related to the immune system and biological responses to viral infections. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes analysis revealed that the most enriched pathways were related to virus-host cell interactions and inflammatory responses. Numerous immune-related genes, including those encoding several cytokines and interferon regulatory factors, were identified in the protein-protein interaction network of differentially expressed genes (DEGs). The expression of DEGs was evaluated using real-time polymerase chain reaction and western blot analysis. CXCL13, CXCL6, CXCL11, CCR1, CXCL8, CXCL9, CXCL10, TNFSF8, TNFRSF8, IL7R, IFN-γ, CCL2, and MMP9 were upregulated. Immunohistochemical analysis was performed to identify the types of immune cells that infiltrated MVV-infected tissues. B cells, CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, and macrophages were the most prevalent immune cells correlated with MVV infection in the lungs. CONCLUSION Overall, the findings of this study provide a comprehensive understanding of the in vivo host response to MVV infection and offer new perspectives on the gene regulatory networks that underlie pathogenesis in natural hosts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaona Shi
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Zhao Wu Da Road No. 306, Hohhot, 010018, China
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Basic Veterinary Science, Hohhot, 010018, China
- Key Laboratory of Clinical Diagnosis and Treatment Technology in Animal Disease, Ministry of Agriculture, Hohhot, 010018, China
| | - Yufei Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Zhao Wu Da Road No. 306, Hohhot, 010018, China
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Basic Veterinary Science, Hohhot, 010018, China
- Key Laboratory of Clinical Diagnosis and Treatment Technology in Animal Disease, Ministry of Agriculture, Hohhot, 010018, China
| | - Sixu Chen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Zhao Wu Da Road No. 306, Hohhot, 010018, China
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Basic Veterinary Science, Hohhot, 010018, China
- Key Laboratory of Clinical Diagnosis and Treatment Technology in Animal Disease, Ministry of Agriculture, Hohhot, 010018, China
| | - Xiaoyue Du
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Zhao Wu Da Road No. 306, Hohhot, 010018, China
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Basic Veterinary Science, Hohhot, 010018, China
- Key Laboratory of Clinical Diagnosis and Treatment Technology in Animal Disease, Ministry of Agriculture, Hohhot, 010018, China
| | - Pei Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Zhao Wu Da Road No. 306, Hohhot, 010018, China
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Basic Veterinary Science, Hohhot, 010018, China
- Key Laboratory of Clinical Diagnosis and Treatment Technology in Animal Disease, Ministry of Agriculture, Hohhot, 010018, China
| | - Xujie Duan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Zhao Wu Da Road No. 306, Hohhot, 010018, China
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Basic Veterinary Science, Hohhot, 010018, China
- Key Laboratory of Clinical Diagnosis and Treatment Technology in Animal Disease, Ministry of Agriculture, Hohhot, 010018, China
| | - Hui Fang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Zhao Wu Da Road No. 306, Hohhot, 010018, China
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Basic Veterinary Science, Hohhot, 010018, China
- Key Laboratory of Clinical Diagnosis and Treatment Technology in Animal Disease, Ministry of Agriculture, Hohhot, 010018, China
| | - Shuying Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Zhao Wu Da Road No. 306, Hohhot, 010018, China.
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Basic Veterinary Science, Hohhot, 010018, China.
- Key Laboratory of Clinical Diagnosis and Treatment Technology in Animal Disease, Ministry of Agriculture, Hohhot, 010018, China.
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de Souza MR, Silva AÉVN, de Faria Silva Souza R, Fernandes AWC, de Moraes Peixoto R, Rosa DS, da Silva Soares IF, da Costa MM. Treatment of subclinical mastitis in dairy goats experimentally infected with Staphylococcus aureus using natural therapeutic protocol. Trop Anim Health Prod 2024; 56:165. [PMID: 38753181 DOI: 10.1007/s11250-024-04026-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 07/05/2024]
Abstract
In herds of dairy goats, mastitis represents a major health and economic problem due to the multiresistance of some microorganisms. In this context, the study aimed to determine the potential of antimicrobial action and antibiofilm of the crude ethanolic extract (CEE) of Hymenaea martiana (jatobá) leaves, as well its fractions, on Staphylococcus sp isolated from bacterial cultures of goat milk. In vitro assays were performed to determine the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC), as well as tests of the effect of CEE on biofilm formation and quantification and the consolidated biofilm. The experimental infection was performed in two groups, each consisting of five goat. Experimental Group 1 (G1) consisted of five females treated with an intramammary ointment based on the CEE, at a concentration of 5%. Experimental Group 2 (G2) consisted of five females treated with a commercial intramammary ointment based on gentamicin, once a day, for six consecutive days. The diagnosis of mastitis was performed using a bacterial culture. The dichloromethane fraction of CEE was the one with the lowest concentrations of MBC, ranging from 195.3 to 781 µg / ml. Concerning to the biofilm, interference of the tested extract was observed for two isolates. In the present study, the ointment prepared from H. martiana extract (jatobá) was able to reduce bacterial infection in mammary glands experimentally infected with S. aureus. Antibacterial activity may be related to the classes of secondary metabolites found.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matheus Rodrigues de Souza
- Department of Animal Science, Universidade Federal do Vale do São Francisco, Petrolina, Pernambuco, 56300-990, Brazil
| | - Aldri Éderson Vila Nova Silva
- Department of Animal Science, Universidade Federal do Vale do São Francisco, Petrolina, Pernambuco, 56300-990, Brazil
| | - Renata de Faria Silva Souza
- Department of Animal Science, Universidade Federal do Vale do São Francisco, Petrolina, Pernambuco, 56300-990, Brazil
| | | | - Rodolfo de Moraes Peixoto
- Department of Animal Science, Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia, Petrolina, Pernambuco, 56300000, Brazil
| | - Danillo Sales Rosa
- Department of Animal Science, Universidade Federal do Vale do São Francisco, Petrolina, Pernambuco, 56300-990, Brazil
| | | | - Mateus Matiuzzi da Costa
- Department of Animal Science, Universidade Federal do Vale do São Francisco, Petrolina, Pernambuco, 56300-990, Brazil.
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Suzuki N, Purba FY, Inagawa H, Hattori Y, Isobe N. Effects of oral administration of lipopolysaccharide derived from Pantoea agglomerans on innate immunity of mammary glands in dairy goats. Vet Immunol Immunopathol 2023; 265:110664. [PMID: 37918120 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetimm.2023.110664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Revised: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the effect of orally administered lipopolysaccharide (LPS) derived from Pantoea agglomerans (LPSpa) on innate immune functions, including the concentrations of antimicrobial components and interleukin (IL)-10 in goat milk, for the prevention of goat mastitis. Twelve Tokara goats were divided into two groups of six goats. Goats in the LPSpa and control groups were orally administrated with 0.4 g/kg dextrin with or without 0.02 mg/kg LPSpa for 7 days (day 0-6), respectively. After treatment (i.e., day 7), 1 μg LPS from Escherichia coli O111 (LPSec) was infused into one side of the udder in both groups to induce mastitis. Milk from all sides of the udder, saliva, and feces were collected on days 0 and 7. After LPSec infusion into the udders, milk was collected from the infused side of the udder on days 8, 10, and 12. Milk yields and somatic cell counts were recorded during the examination period. The concentrations of immunoglobulin (Ig) A in saliva, feces, and milk and the concentrations of lactoferrin, goat β defensin-1 (GBD1), S100A7, and IL-10 in milk were measured. After LPSpa oral administration, the concentrations of GBD-1 and IL-10 in the milk of the LPSpa group were significantly higher on day 7 than those in the control group, and the concentration of IgA in the feces tended to be higher than that in the control group. After LPSec intramammary infusion, S100A7 concentration on day 12 was significantly lower in the LPSpa group than in the control group. These findings suggest that the oral administration of LPSpa may prevent mastitis by increasing the concentration of GBD1 in milk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoki Suzuki
- Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-8528, Japan
| | - Fika Yuliza Purba
- Veterinary Medicine Study Program, Faculty of Medicine, Hasanuddin University, Makassar 90245, Indonesia
| | - Hiroyuki Inagawa
- Control of Innate Immunity, Technology Research Association, Takamatsu, Kagawa 761-0301, Japan; Macrophi Inc., Takamatsu, Kagawa 761-0301, Japan
| | | | - Naoki Isobe
- Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-8528, Japan.
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Dalaka E, Vassilakos D, Stefos GC, Kalogianni AI, Palamidi I, Gelasakis AI, Politis I, Theodorou G. Utilization of 2D and 3D cell cultures for the modelling of intramammary infection in sheep. FRONTIERS IN ANIMAL SCIENCE 2022. [DOI: 10.3389/fanim.2022.1015982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Ovine mastitis is defined as the inflammation of the sheep udder, most commonly caused in response to intramammary infections. Based on the occurrence of clinical signs, mastitis is characterized as either clinical or subclinical (SCM). The impact of ovine SCM on the overall sustainability of dairy sheep farms has been substantially documented underpinning the significance of efficient diagnosis. Although SCM can be detected in cows, the performance and the validity of the methods used do not transfer in dairy sheep. This fact challenges the development of evidence-based ovine udder health management protocols and renders the detection and control of ovine mastitis rather problematic. Currently, cell culture-based models are being successfully used in biomedical studies and have also been effectively used in the case of bovine mastitis. The objective of the present study was to culture ovine primary mammary cells for the development of 2D and 3D cell culture-based models for the study of ovine mammary gland and to focus on the first stages of the intramammary infection by common mastitis-inducing pathogens. Cells were infected by E. coli and S. aureus mimicking the first stages of natural intramammary infections. The secreted proteins were subjected to mass-spectrometry resulting in the identification of a total of 79 distinct proteins. Among those, several had already been identified in healthy or mastitic milk, while others had not been previously detected for in the ovine mammary secretome. Our results suggest that the development of cell-based models for studying specific stages of intramammary infection has the potential to be beneficial for the udder health management in dairy sheep.
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Antimicrobial and Methicillin Resistance Pattern of Potential Mastitis-Inducing Staphylococcus aureus and Coagulase-Negative Staphylococci Isolates from the Mammary Secretion of Dairy Goats. BIOLOGY 2022; 11:biology11111591. [PMID: 36358292 PMCID: PMC9687969 DOI: 10.3390/biology11111591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Revised: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Staphylococcus spp. is an important mastitis-inducing zoonotic pathogen in goats and is associated with antimicrobial resistance (AMR). The objectives of this study were to determine the prevalence and composition of staphylococci in individual mammary secretion (MS) samples of clinically healthy goats and to evaluate the phenotypic AMR pattern and the presence of methicillin resistance in the Staphylococcus spp. strains. Staphylococcus spp. isolates (n = 101) from the MS samples (n = 220) were identified to species level using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry. The antimicrobial susceptibility testing included a disk diffusion assay and the determination of the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) of resistant strains (n = 46). Presumptive methicillin-resistant strains (n = 9) were assessed for the presence of mecA, mecC and SCCmec/orfx genes. Staphylococcus spp. isolates were recovered from 45.9% of the MS samples, of which, 72.3% was identified as coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS), with the remaining being Staphylococcus aureus. CoNS and S. aureus were most commonly resistant to ampicillin (56.2% and 57.1%, respectively), penicillin (26.0% and 39.3%, respectively), amoxicillin (26 % and 25 %, respectively) and cephalexin (12.3% and 25%, respectively) in the disk diffusion method. CoNS exhibited a broader AMR pattern and a higher percentage of resistant strains than S. aureus in the disk diffusion and MIC methods. Of the nine oxacillin- and cefoxitin-resistant strains, three S. aureus and five CoNS strains carried the mecA gene and, thus, were identified as methicillin-resistant. The mecC gene was not found in any of the studied strains. The presence of AMR and methicillin resistance in caprine S. aureus and CoNS poses a concern for animal and public health.
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