Management of lens-iris diaphragm retropulsion syndrome

Managing Challenges of Phacoemulsification in Vitrectomized Eyes: A New Technique

AIM:

This study aimed to describe a novel approach to manage the challenges of phacoemulsification in vitrectomized eyes.

METHODS:

Intraoperative titrated intravitreal injection of balanced salt solution (BSS) through pars plana was done using a 30G needle hooked to a 1 cc syringe to build up the vitreous pressure.

RESULTS:

Five eyes of five patients who had previous vitrectomy were given intraoperative injection. This led to the prevention of lens–iris diaphragm retropulsion and routine completion of phacoemulsification. The preoperative visual acuity was < 6/60 in all patients. The postoperative visual acuity was 6/9 or better in all patients, except in one patient which was 6/60, which is explained by diabetic ischemic maculopathy. Neither injection-related intraoperative nor postoperative complications were noted.

CONCLUSION:

Challenges of phacoemulsification in vitrectomized eyes can be prevented by a simple titrated intraoperative injection of BSS intravitreally through pars plana.

The Incidence and Risk Factors of Lens-iris Diaphragm Retropulsion Syndrome during Phacoemulsification

PURPOSE

In the present study, the incidence and risk factors of lens-iris diaphragm retropulsion syndrome (LIDRS) were evaluated.

METHODS

Patients who underwent cataract surgery using phacoemulsification between June 2014 and December 2014 were included in the study. The preoperative ocular biometric and intraoperative surgical parameters were examined. The incidence of LIDRS and various risk factors were analyzed using an independent t-test, Pearson's chi-square test, and univariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses.

RESULTS

Among 124 eyes of 124 patients, 100 (80.6%) had no LIDRS and 24 (19.4%) had LIDRS. LIDRS occurred in 13 of 31 vitrectomized eyes (41.9%) and 11 of 93 non-vitrectomized eyes (11.8%). Based on univariable analysis, age (odds ratio [OR], 0.920; p = 0.001), vitrectomized eye (OR, 5.038; p = 0.001), spherical equivalent (OR, 0.778; p < 0.001), axial length (OR, 1.716; p < 0.001), anterior chamber depth (OR, 3.328; p = 0.037), and 3.0 mm vs. 2.2 mm incision size (OR, 4.964; p = 0.001) were statistically significant risk factors associated with the development of LIDRS. Conditional multivariable logistic regression showed that vitrectomized eye (OR, 3.865; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.201 to 12.436; p = 0.023), long axial length (OR, 1.709; 95% CI, 1.264 to 2.310; p = 0.001), and 3.0 vs. 2.2 mm incision size (OR, 3.571; 95% CI, 1.120 to 11.393; p = 0.031) were significant independent risk factors associated with LIDRS.

CONCLUSIONS

LIDRS is a relatively common occurrence and was found to be associated with vitrectomized eye, long axial length, and larger incision size. Evaluating risk factors prior to cataract surgery can help reduce associated morbidity.

Clinical Analysis of Ocular Parameters Contributing to Intraoperative Pain during Standard Phacoemulsification

Purpose. To study the correlation between ocular parameters and subjective pain that patients perceived during phacoemulsification. Methods. Medical records of 142 patients who underwent standard phacoemulsification under topical anesthesia between March and August 2016 were retrospectively reviewed. The pain during phacoemulsification and 1 h after surgery was assessed and compared using a visual analog scale. In addition, demographic data, preoperative biometric parameters, and intraoperative surgical parameters were recorded. Results. Mean age of patients was 67.49 ± 12.50 years. The mean pain score was 2.26 ± 0.85 during phacoemulsification and 0.40 ± 0.69 postoperatively. Intraoperative pain was significantly associated with higher preoperative intraocular pressure (β = 0.220, P = 0.016), greater anterior chamber depth (β = 0.210, P = 0.028), and greater axial length (β = 0.181, P = 0.043). Conclusions. To reduce the subjective pain when patients have high preoperative intraocular pressure, large anterior chamber depth, or great axial length, supplementary procedures may be required.