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Łabuz G, Yan W, Baur ID, Khoramnia R, Auffarth GU. Chromatic aberration and spectral dependency of extended-range-of-vision intraocular lens technology. Sci Rep 2023; 13:14781. [PMID: 37679352 PMCID: PMC10484925 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-41634-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023] Open
Abstract
This study compared the optical quality and chromatic performance of refractive-diffractive intraocular lenses (IOLs) that are designed to extend the range of vision of pseudophakic patients and alter chromatic aberration. Five IOLs were evaluated, Tecnis Synergy and Triumf POD L GF, both intended to compensate for eye's chromatism, as well as Acriva Trinova Pro C-a lens that increases chromatic aberration, and AT Lisa Tri and AcrySof IQ PanOptix. An optical setup composed of a corneal model inducing monochromatic and chromatic aberrations and incorporating various spectral conditions was employed. The two chromatic-aberration correcting IOLs demonstrated the lowest far-focus dispersion, but it was negative only, with the Synergy indicating its ability to reduce eye's chromatic aberration. Although the Trinova increased far-point chromatism, it was close to the level of the PanOptix, but higher than that of the AT Lisa. All the studied models demonstrated varying optical quality in response to light color. Still, the strongest spectral dependency was associated with achromatizing technology. Therefore, chromatic aberration and wavelength dependency should be considered in IOL optimization and predicting visual function, particularly in non-white spectral conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grzegorz Łabuz
- The David J. Apple Center for Vision Research, Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 400, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Weijia Yan
- The David J. Apple Center for Vision Research, Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 400, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Isabella D Baur
- The David J. Apple Center for Vision Research, Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 400, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ramin Khoramnia
- The David J. Apple Center for Vision Research, Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 400, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Gerd U Auffarth
- The David J. Apple Center for Vision Research, Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 400, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
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Bellucci C, Mora P, Tedesco SA, Gandolfi S, Bellucci R. Refractive Outcome and 5-Year Capsulotomy Rate of Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic IOLs with Similar Optical Design: A Contralateral Study. Ophthalmol Ther 2023; 12:1387-1395. [PMID: 36602719 PMCID: PMC9815056 DOI: 10.1007/s40123-022-00646-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION To compare the short-term visual and aberrometric outcomes and the long-term capsulotomy incidence in a cohort of patients receiving IOLs with similar structural profile but with a hydrophobic matrix in one eye (PHOB group) and a hydrophilic matrix in the other one (PHIL group). METHODS In this retrospective, contralateral study, 26 patients sequentially undergoing phacoemulsification were implanted as mentioned above. Refraction and aberrometry were evaluated 6 months after surgery. For the quality of vision, the Hartmann-Shack optical aberration, Double-Pass Modulation Transfer Function (MTF), contrast sensitivity, and dysphotopsia results were compared. Capsulotomy was ascertained and dated by medical chart revision or phone call. RESULTS All the considered quantitative and qualitative visual parameters tested statistically comparable between PHIL and PHOB group. After 5 years, four patients (16.7%) in the PHOB group and five patients (20.8%) in the PHIL group underwent a Nd:YAG posterior capsulotomy (P > 0.5). CONCLUSION In this contralateral comparative study, the hydrophobic and hydrophilic matrix of the IOL similarly influenced the visual and aberrometric outcomes. Also the long-term laser capsulotomy incidence did not statistically differ between groups. The posterior IOL profile, rather than matrix hydrophilia, could consistently influence the posterior capsule opacification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlo Bellucci
- Ophthalmology Unit, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University Hospital of Parma, University of Parma, Via Gramsci 14, 43126, Parma, Italy.
| | - Paolo Mora
- Ophthalmology Unit, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University Hospital of Parma, University of Parma, Via Gramsci 14, 43126, Parma, Italy
| | - Salvatore A Tedesco
- Ophthalmology Unit, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University Hospital of Parma, University of Parma, Via Gramsci 14, 43126, Parma, Italy
| | - Stefano Gandolfi
- Ophthalmology Unit, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University Hospital of Parma, University of Parma, Via Gramsci 14, 43126, Parma, Italy
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Marcos S, Artal P, Atchison DA, Hampson K, Legras R, Lundström L, Yoon G. Adaptive optics visual simulators: a review of recent optical designs and applications [Invited]. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2022; 13:6508-6532. [PMID: 36589577 PMCID: PMC9774875 DOI: 10.1364/boe.473458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Revised: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
In their pioneering work demonstrating measurement and full correction of the eye's optical aberrations, Liang, Williams and Miller, [JOSA A14, 2884 (1997)10.1364/JOSAA.14.002884] showed improvement in visual performance using adaptive optics (AO). Since then, AO visual simulators have been developed to explore the spatial limits to human vision and as platforms to test non-invasively optical corrections for presbyopia, myopia, or corneal irregularities. These applications have allowed new psychophysics bypassing the optics of the eye, ranging from studying the impact of the interactions of monochromatic and chromatic aberrations on vision to neural adaptation. Other applications address new paradigms of lens designs and corrections of ocular errors. The current paper describes a series of AO visual simulators developed in laboratories around the world, key applications, and current trends and challenges. As the field moves into its second quarter century, new available technologies and a solid reception by the clinical community promise a vigorous and expanding use of AO simulation in years to come.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susana Marcos
- Center for Visual Sciences; The Institute of Optics and Flaum Eye Institute, University of Rochester, New York 14642, USA
| | - Pablo Artal
- Laboratorio de Optica, Universidad de Murcia, Campus Universitario de Espinardo, 30100, Spain
| | - David A. Atchison
- Centre for Vision and Eye Research, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane Q, 4059, Australia
| | - Karen Hampson
- Department of Optometry, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK
| | - Richard Legras
- LuMIn, CNRS, ENS Paris-Saclay, Université Paris-Saclay, CentraleSupelec, Université Paris-Saclay Orsay, 91400, France
| | - Linda Lundström
- KTH (Royal Institute of Technology), Stockholm, 10691, Sweden
| | - Geunyoung Yoon
- College of Optometry, University of Houston, Houston, 77004, USA
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Understanding In Vivo Chromatic Aberrations in Pseudophakic Eyes Using on Bench and Computational Approaches. PHOTONICS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/photonics9040226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Diffractive multifocal intraocular lenses (IOLs) modulate chromatic aberration and reduce it at certain distances due to interactions between the refractive and diffractive chromatic components. However, the extent to which computer modeling and on bench measurements of IOL chromatic aberration translate to chromatic aberration in patients implanted with these multifocal IOLs (MIOLs) is not yet fully understood. In this study, we compare the chromatic difference of focus and longitudinal chromatic aberrations in pseudophakic patients implanted with different IOL designs (monofocal and trifocal IOLs) and materials (hydrophobic and hydrophilic), and compared them with predictions from computer eye models and on bench measurements with the same IOLs. Patient data consisted of results from 63 pseudophakic eyes reported in four different studies and obtained psychophysically in the visual testing channel of a custom-developed polychromatic adaptive optics system. Computational predictions were obtained using ray tracing on computer eye models, and modulation transfer function (MTF) on bench measurements on physical eye models. We found that LCA (in vivo/simulated) for far vision was 1.37 ± 0.08 D/1.19 D for monofocal hydrophobic, 1.21 ± 0.08 D/0.88 D for monofocal hydrophilic, 0.99 ± 0.06 D/1.19 D for MIOL hydrophobic, and 0.82 ± 0.05 D/0.88 D for MIOL hydrophilic. For intermediate and near vision, LCA (in vivo/simulated) was 0.67 ± 0.10 D/0.75 D and 0.23 ± 0.08 D/0.19 D for MIOL hydrophobic and 0.27 ± 0.15 D/0.38 D and 0.15 ± 0.15 D/−0.13 D for MIOL hydrophilic, respectively. In conclusion, computational ray tracing and on bench measurements allowed for evaluating in vivo chromatic aberration with different materials and designs for multifocal diffractive intraocular lenses.
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Kymionis GD, Kim J, Petrelli M, Grentzelos MA, Hashemi K, Wagnières G. Intraocular Lens Refractive Index and Its Impact on External Surface Reflections. J Refract Surg 2021; 37:398-402. [PMID: 34170772 DOI: 10.3928/1081597x-20210310-01] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To determine and compare the origin of the external surface reflections produced by commonly used intraocular lenses (IOLs). METHODS The specular reflection taking place at the anterior surface of eight types of IOLs (IOL power = 22.00 diopters [D]) with different refractive indices (RIs), optical design, and ultraviolet and blue light-filtering function were measured. The experimental set-up included a laser beam light source (3.5 mW, 532 nm) and a saline-filled model eye containing the IOL to be examined. External surface reflections were measured using a power meter, and the IOL surface reflectance (%) was compared among the eight IOLs investigated. RESULTS External reflections from the anterior surface of the studied implants increased as the RI of the IOL material increased. The IOL models composed of high RI material (RI = 1.56 ± 0.02) were found to have a more than threefold higher external surface reflections compared to those with low RI (RI = 1.45 ± 0.02). Ultraviolet or blue light-filtering functions showed no significant correlation with the external reflectance. CONCLUSIONS IOLs with a high RI are associated with external surface reflections that are more than threefold higher than those with lower RI. The "cat's eye" phenomenon seen in pseudophakic eyes by an outside observer strongly depends on the RI, but is independent of the filter incorporated in the IOL. [J Refract Surg. 2021;37(6):398-402.].
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Assessment of the image quality of extended depth-of-focus intraocular lens models in polychromatic light. J Cataract Refract Surg 2021; 46:108-115. [PMID: 32050240 DOI: 10.1097/j.jcrs.0000000000000037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The use of monochromatic light in the assessment of intraocular lenses (IOLs) has been criticized for not representing the real-world situation. This study aimed to measure and compare the image quality of 3 extended depth-of-focus (EDOF) IOL models in monochromatic and polychromatic light. SETTING David J Apple Laboratory, Heidelberg, Germany. DESIGN In vitro study. METHODS An optical metrology instrument was used to study image quality metrics of diffractive IOLs with chromatic aberration correction (Symfony and AT Lara) and a refractive lens (Mini Well). The modulation transfer function (MTF) was measured in green and polychromatic light at a 2.0 mm, 3.0 mm, and 4.0 mm aperture. The EDOF IOL's tolerance to defocus was tested against a monofocal lens. RESULTS The mean MTF of the EDOF IOL at far distance was decreased in polychromatic compared with monochromatic light. The largest effect was found in the refractive lens; however, at intermediate distance, only small differences occurred. In their tolerance to defocus, the EDOF IOLs were superior to the monofocal IOL. The diffractive IOL had higher MTFs than that of the refractive IOL at 2 primary foci, the refractive IOL's optical quality varied less with defocus at 3.0 mm. The refractive lens was the most susceptible to changes in aperture size. CONCLUSION The diffractive EDOF IOL was more resistant to chromatic effects than the refractive IOL. The EDOF IOLs provided an extended through-focus performance compared with the monofocal IOL, but differences in optical design, particularly pupil dependency, should be considered when refining IOL selection for patients.
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Abstract
Due to chromatic aberration, blue images are defocused when the eye is focused to the middle of the visible spectrum, yet we normally are not aware of chromatic blur. The eye suffers from monochromatic aberrations which degrade the optical quality of all images projected on the retina. The combination of monochromatic and chromatic aberrations is not additive and these aberrations may interact to improve image quality. Using Adaptive Optics, we investigated the optical and visual effects of correcting monochromatic aberrations when viewing polychromatic grayscale, green, and blue images. Correcting the eye’s monochromatic aberrations improved optical quality of the focused green images and degraded the optical quality of defocused blue images, particularly in eyes with higher amounts of monochromatic aberrations. Perceptual judgments of image quality tracked the optical findings, but the perceptual impact of the monochromatic aberrations correction was smaller than the optical predictions. The visual system appears to be adapted to the blur produced by the native monochromatic aberrations, and possibly to defocus in blue.
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Vinas M, Gonzalez-Ramos AM, Aissati S, Garzón N, Poyales F, Dorronsoro C, Marcos S. Longitudinal Chromatic Aberration in Patients Implanted With Trifocal Diffractive Hydrophobic IOLs. J Refract Surg 2020; 36:804-810. [DOI: 10.3928/1081597x-20200930-01] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Millán MS, Vega F. Through-Focus Energy Efficiency and Longitudinal Chromatic Aberration of Three Presbyopia-Correcting Intraocular Lenses. Transl Vis Sci Technol 2020; 9:13. [PMID: 33240566 PMCID: PMC7674003 DOI: 10.1167/tvst.9.12.13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2020] [Accepted: 09/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose To compare the chromatic performance of the Bausch & Lomb Versario 3F trifocal intraocular lens (IOL) with the PhysIOL FineVision MicroF trifocal IOL and the Johnson & Johnson Vision TECNIS Symfony ZXR00 extended range of vision (ERV) IOL. Methods The through-focus energy efficiency (TF-EE) was measured in vitro with red (R), green (G), and blue (B) wavelengths and was used to obtain the focus powers and longitudinal chromatic aberrations (LCAs) for each IOL. Other metrics, derived from the RGB TF-EE curves, were assessed for a more complete description of the chromatic performance of the IOLs. Results Both of the trifocal IOLs, although not specifically designed to tackle chromatic aberrations, showed acceptable LCA (≤0.50 D) in all foci with more balanced R and B efficiencies of their foci. Despite having the lowest TF-EE value at all foci, the Versario 3F demonstrated the most balanced chromatic performance with the smoothest energy transition among all foci and the smallest chromatic span. The Symfony lens effectively reduced LCA at distance and intermediate foci (≤0.36 D), despite the unbalanced and asymmetric R and B efficiencies at its foci. Conclusions To fully describe the chromatic performance of an IOL it is necessary to take into account not only the LCA but also the RGB TF-EE and chromatic span. This comprehensive analysis suggests that, in comparison with the other IOLs under study, the Versario 3F lens might contribute to further mitigating the impact of chromatic aberration. Translational Relevance The in vitro bench testing of the optical properties of modern presbyopia-correcting intraocular lenses (more specifically in this work, the polychromatic through-focus energy efficiency and longitudinal chromatic aberration) provides objective and complementary information that helps to interpret the visual quality outcomes of pseudophakic patients obtained in clinics.
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Affiliation(s)
- María S Millán
- Grupo de Óptica Aplicada y Procesado de Imagen (GOAPI), Department of Optics and Optometry, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya BarcelonaTech, Terrassa, Spain
| | - Fidel Vega
- Grupo de Óptica Aplicada y Procesado de Imagen (GOAPI), Department of Optics and Optometry, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya BarcelonaTech, Terrassa, Spain
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Marcos S, Romero M, Benedí-García C, González-Ramos A, Vinas M, Alejandre N, Jiménez-Alfaro I. Interaction of Monochromatic and Chromatic Aberrations in Pseudophakic Patients. J Refract Surg 2020; 36:230-238. [PMID: 32267953 DOI: 10.3928/1081597x-20200303-01] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2019] [Accepted: 03/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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Marcos S, Benedí-García C, Aissati S, Gonzalez-Ramos AM, Lago CM, Radhkrishnan A, Romero M, Vedhakrishnan S, Sawides L, Vinas M. VioBio lab adaptive optics: technology and applications by women vision scientists. Ophthalmic Physiol Opt 2020; 40:75-87. [PMID: 32147855 DOI: 10.1111/opo.12677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2020] [Accepted: 01/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Adaptive Optics allows measurement and manipulation of the optical aberrations of the eye. We review two Adaptive Optics set-ups implemented at the Visual Optics and Biophotonics Laboratory, and present examples of their use in better understanding of the role of optical aberrations on visual perception, in normal and treated eyes. RECENT FINDINGS Two systems (AOI and AOII) are described that measure ocular aberrations with a Hartmann-Shack wavefront sensor, which operates in closed-loop with an electromagnetic deformable mirror, and visual stimuli are projected in a visual display for psychophysical measurements. AOI operates in infrared radiation (IR) light. AOII is provided with a supercontiniuum laser source (IR and visible wavelengths), additional elements for simulation (spatial light modulator, temporal multiplexing with optotunable lenses, phase plates, cuvette for intraocular lenses-IOLs), and a double-pass retinal camera. We review several studies undertaken with these AO systems, including the evaluation of the visual benefits of AO correction, vision with simulated multifocal IOLs (MIOLs), optical aberrations in pseudophakic eyes, chromatic aberrations and their visual impact, and neural adaptation to ocular aberrations. SUMMARY Monochromatic and chromatic aberrations have been measured in normal and treated eyes. AO systems have allowed understanding the visual benefit of correcting aberrations in normal eyes and the adaptation of the visual system to the eye's native aberrations. Ocular corrections such as intraocular and contact lenses modify the wave aberrations. AO systems allow simulating vision with these corrections before they are implanted/fitted in the eye, or even before they are manufactured, revealing great potential for industry and the clinical practice. This review paper is part of a special issue of Ophthalmic & Physiological Optics on women in visual optics, and is co-authored by all women scientists of the research team.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susana Marcos
- Visual Optics and Biophotonics Lab, Instituto de Optica "Daza de Valdés" (IO-CSIC), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Serrano, Madrid, Spain
| | - Clara Benedí-García
- Visual Optics and Biophotonics Lab, Instituto de Optica "Daza de Valdés" (IO-CSIC), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Serrano, Madrid, Spain
| | - Sara Aissati
- Visual Optics and Biophotonics Lab, Instituto de Optica "Daza de Valdés" (IO-CSIC), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Serrano, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana M Gonzalez-Ramos
- Visual Optics and Biophotonics Lab, Instituto de Optica "Daza de Valdés" (IO-CSIC), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Serrano, Madrid, Spain
| | - Carmen M Lago
- Visual Optics and Biophotonics Lab, Instituto de Optica "Daza de Valdés" (IO-CSIC), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Serrano, Madrid, Spain
| | - Aiswaryah Radhkrishnan
- Visual Optics and Biophotonics Lab, Instituto de Optica "Daza de Valdés" (IO-CSIC), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Serrano, Madrid, Spain
| | - Mercedes Romero
- Visual Optics and Biophotonics Lab, Instituto de Optica "Daza de Valdés" (IO-CSIC), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Serrano, Madrid, Spain
| | - Shrilekha Vedhakrishnan
- Visual Optics and Biophotonics Lab, Instituto de Optica "Daza de Valdés" (IO-CSIC), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Serrano, Madrid, Spain
| | - Lucie Sawides
- Visual Optics and Biophotonics Lab, Instituto de Optica "Daza de Valdés" (IO-CSIC), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Serrano, Madrid, Spain
| | - Maria Vinas
- Visual Optics and Biophotonics Lab, Instituto de Optica "Daza de Valdés" (IO-CSIC), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Serrano, Madrid, Spain
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Vinas M, Gonzalez-Ramos A, Dorronsoro C, Akondi V, Garzon N, Poyales F, Marcos S. In Vivo Measurement of Longitudinal Chromatic Aberration in Patients Implanted With Trifocal Diffractive Intraocular Lenses. J Refract Surg 2018; 33:736-742. [PMID: 29117412 DOI: 10.3928/1081597x-20170814-01] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2017] [Accepted: 07/28/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To measure the longitudinal chromatic aberration (LCA) by both psychophysical methods and in vivo double-pass retinal imaging in patients bilaterally implanted with trifocal diffractive intraocular lenses (IOLs). METHODS Measurements were performed with a polychromatic adaptive optics system provided with a supercontinuum laser, a Hartmann-Shack wavefront sensor, a deformable mirror, a motorized Badal system, a pupil monitoring system, a double-pass retinal imaging channel, and a psychophysical channel with monochromatically illuminated stimuli. Ten patients (20 eyes) bilaterally implanted with hydrophilic trifocal diffractive IOLs (POD F [FINeVision]; PhysIOL, Liege, Belgium) participated in the study. Measurements were performed in both eyes at three different viewing distances (0.00, +1.75, and +3.50 diopters [D]). Subjective best focus of monochromatic stimuli at five wavelengths (480 to 700 nm) was obtained using the Badal system. Best focused images of through-focus double-pass image series were obtained at three wavelengths (480 to 700 nm). LCA was computed from chromatic difference of focus curves (objective and subjective) as the difference between 480 and 700 nm at near, intermediate, and far. RESULTS The average subjective LCA was 0.82 ± 0.05 D for far, 0.27 ± 0.15 D for intermediate, and 0.15 ± 0.15 D for near. The average objective LCA was 0.72 ± 0.10 D for far, 0.19 ± 0.15 D for intermediate, and 0.07 ± 0.17 D for near. CONCLUSIONS Objective LCA was lower than subjective LCA, which was in agreement with previous studies on patients with phakic and monofocal IOLs. In vivo measurements of LCA enable understanding of the relative contribution of refractive and diffractive LCA and will eventually optimize IOL designs to improve polychromatic image quality. [J Refract Surg. 2017;33(11):736-742.].
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Akondi V, Dorronsoro C, Gambra E, Marcos S. Temporal multiplexing to simulate multifocal intraocular lenses: theoretical considerations. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2017; 8:3410-3425. [PMID: 28717577 PMCID: PMC5508838 DOI: 10.1364/boe.8.003410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2017] [Revised: 06/07/2017] [Accepted: 06/11/2017] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Fast tunable lenses allow an effective design of a portable simultaneous vision simulator (SimVis) of multifocal corrections. A novel method of evaluating the temporal profile of a tunable lens in simulating different multifocal intraocular lenses (M-IOLs) is presented. The proposed method involves the characteristic fitting of the through-focus (TF) optical quality of the multifocal component of a given M-IOL to a linear combination of TF optical quality of monofocal lenses viable with a tunable lens. Three different types of M-IOL designs are tested, namely: segmented refractive, diffractive and refractive extended depth of focus. The metric used for the optical evaluation of the temporal profile is the visual Strehl (VS) ratio. It is shown that the time profiles generated with the VS ratio as a metric in SimVis resulted in TF VS ratio and TF simulated images that closely matched the TF VS ratio and TF simulated images predicted with the M-IOL. The effects of temporal sampling, varying pupil size, monochromatic aberrations, longitudinal chromatic aberrations and temporal dynamics on SimVis are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vyas Akondi
- Visual Optics and Biophotonics Laboratory, Instituto de Óptica, CSIC, Madrid,
Spain
| | - Carlos Dorronsoro
- Visual Optics and Biophotonics Laboratory, Instituto de Óptica, CSIC, Madrid,
Spain
| | - Enrique Gambra
- Visual Optics and Biophotonics Laboratory, Instituto de Óptica, CSIC, Madrid,
Spain
- 2Eyes Vision SL, Madrid,
Spain
| | - Susana Marcos
- Visual Optics and Biophotonics Laboratory, Instituto de Óptica, CSIC, Madrid,
Spain
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Vinas M, Dorronsoro C, Radhakrishnan A, Benedi-Garcia C, LaVilla EA, Schwiegerling J, Marcos S. Comparison of vision through surface modulated and spatial light modulated multifocal optics. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2017; 8:2055-2068. [PMID: 28736655 PMCID: PMC5516828 DOI: 10.1364/boe.8.002055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2016] [Revised: 02/11/2017] [Accepted: 02/11/2017] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Spatial-light-modulators (SLM) are increasingly used as active elements in adaptive optics (AO) systems to simulate optical corrections, in particular multifocal presbyopic corrections. In this study, we compared vision with lathe-manufactured multi-zone (2-4) multifocal, angularly and radially, segmented surfaces and through the same corrections simulated with a SLM in a custom-developed two-active-element AO visual simulator. We found that perceived visual quality measured through real manufactured surfaces and SLM-simulated phase maps corresponded highly. Optical simulations predicted differences in perceived visual quality across different designs at Far distance, but showed some discrepancies at intermediate and near.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Vinas
- Institute of Optics, Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Serrano, 121, Madrid 28006, Spain
| | - Carlos Dorronsoro
- Institute of Optics, Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Serrano, 121, Madrid 28006, Spain
| | - Aiswaryah Radhakrishnan
- Institute of Optics, Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Serrano, 121, Madrid 28006, Spain
| | - Clara Benedi-Garcia
- Institute of Optics, Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Serrano, 121, Madrid 28006, Spain
| | - Edward Anthony LaVilla
- College of Optical Sciences, University of Arizona, 1630 E University Blvd, Tucson, AZ 85719, USA
| | - Jim Schwiegerling
- College of Optical Sciences, University of Arizona, 1630 E University Blvd, Tucson, AZ 85719, USA
| | - Susana Marcos
- Institute of Optics, Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Serrano, 121, Madrid 28006, Spain
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Marcos S, Werner JS, Burns SA, Merigan WH, Artal P, Atchison DA, Hampson KM, Legras R, Lundstrom L, Yoon G, Carroll J, Choi SS, Doble N, Dubis AM, Dubra A, Elsner A, Jonnal R, Miller DT, Paques M, Smithson HE, Young LK, Zhang Y, Campbell M, Hunter J, Metha A, Palczewska G, Schallek J, Sincich LC. Vision science and adaptive optics, the state of the field. Vision Res 2017; 132:3-33. [PMID: 28212982 PMCID: PMC5437977 DOI: 10.1016/j.visres.2017.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2016] [Revised: 01/24/2017] [Accepted: 01/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Adaptive optics is a relatively new field, yet it is spreading rapidly and allows new questions to be asked about how the visual system is organized. The editors of this feature issue have posed a series of question to scientists involved in using adaptive optics in vision science. The questions are focused on three main areas. In the first we investigate the use of adaptive optics for psychophysical measurements of visual system function and for improving the optics of the eye. In the second, we look at the applications and impact of adaptive optics on retinal imaging and its promise for basic and applied research. In the third, we explore how adaptive optics is being used to improve our understanding of the neurophysiology of the visual system.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Yuhua Zhang
- University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, USA
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW This review outlines concepts in intraocular lens (IOL) optics and aberrations important both for current IOLs and for new IOLs in development. RECENT FINDINGS Optical aberrations make a significant impact on the laboratory and clinical performance of IOLs, especially under mesopic and low-contrast conditions. Minimizing or correcting these aberrations can potentially improve visual function. Strategic management of aberrations can have clinical utility for extended depth of focus and presbyopia correction. SUMMARY All IOLs affect ocular aberrations in some manner. It is important for clinicians and researchers to understand the implications how any residual aberrations could affect visual quality, visual side-effects, and depth of focus.
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Vinas M, Dorronsoro C, Gonzalez V, Cortes D, Radhakrishnan A, Marcos S. Testing vision with angular and radial multifocal designs using Adaptive Optics. Vision Res 2016; 132:85-96. [PMID: 27484778 DOI: 10.1016/j.visres.2016.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2016] [Revised: 04/05/2016] [Accepted: 04/18/2016] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Multifocal vision corrections are increasingly used solutions for presbyopia. In the current study we have evaluated, optically and psychophysically, the quality provided by multizone radial and angular segmented phase designs. Optical and relative visual quality were evaluated using 8 subjects, testing 6 phase designs. Optical quality was evaluated by means of Visual Strehl-based-metrics (VS). The relative visual quality across designs was obtained through a psychophysical paradigm in which images viewed through 210 pairs of phase patterns were perceptually judged. A custom-developed Adaptive Optics (AO) system, including a Hartmann-Shack sensor and an electromagnetic deformable mirror, to measure and correct the eye's aberrations, and a phase-only reflective Spatial Light Modulator, to simulate the phase designs, was developed for this study. The multizone segmented phase designs had 2-4 zones of progressive power (0 to +3D) in either radial or angular distributions. The response of an "ideal observer" purely responding on optical grounds to the same psychophysical test performed on subjects was calculated from the VS curves, and compared with the relative visual quality results. Optical and psychophysical pattern-comparison tests showed that while 2-zone segmented designs (angular & radial) provided better performance for far and near vision, 3- and 4-zone segmented angular designs performed better for intermediate vision. AO-correction of natural aberrations of the subjects modified the response for the different subjects but general trends remained. The differences in perceived quality across the different multifocal patterns are, in a large extent, explained by optical factors. AO is an excellent tool to simulate multifocal refractions before they are manufactured or delivered to the patient, and to assess the effects of the native optics to their performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Vinas
- Institute of Optics, Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Serrano, 121, Madrid 28006, Spain.
| | - Carlos Dorronsoro
- Institute of Optics, Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Serrano, 121, Madrid 28006, Spain
| | - Veronica Gonzalez
- Institute of Optics, Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Serrano, 121, Madrid 28006, Spain
| | - Daniel Cortes
- Institute of Optics, Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Serrano, 121, Madrid 28006, Spain
| | - Aiswaryah Radhakrishnan
- Institute of Optics, Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Serrano, 121, Madrid 28006, Spain
| | - Susana Marcos
- Institute of Optics, Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Serrano, 121, Madrid 28006, Spain
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