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Mutation-induced dimerization of transforming growth factor-β-induced protein may drive protein aggregation in granular corneal dystrophy. J Biol Chem 2021; 297:100858. [PMID: 34097874 PMCID: PMC8220419 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2021.100858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Revised: 05/23/2021] [Accepted: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Protein aggregation in the outermost layers of the cornea, which can lead to cloudy vision and in severe cases blindness, is linked to mutations in the extracellular matrix protein transforming growth factor-β-induced protein (TGFBIp). Among the most frequent pathogenic mutations are R124H and R555W, both associated with granular corneal dystrophy (GCD) characterized by the early-onset formation of amorphous aggregates. The molecular mechanisms of protein aggregation in GCD are largely unknown. In this study, we determined the crystal structures of R124H, R555W, and the lattice corneal dystrophy-associated A546T. Although there were no changes in the monomeric TGFBIp structure of any mutant that would explain their propensity to aggregate, R124H and R555W demonstrated a new dimer interface in the crystal packing, which is not present in wildtype TGFBIp or A546T. This interface, as seen in both the R124H and R555W structures, involves residue 124 of the first TGFBIp molecule and 555 in the second. The interface is not permitted by the Arg124 and Arg555 residues of wildtype TGFBIp and may play a central role in the aggregation exhibited by R124H and R555W in vivo. Using cross-linking mass spectrometry and in-line size exclusion chromatography-small-angle X-ray scattering, we characterized a dimer formed by wildtype and mutant TGFBIps in solution. Dimerization in solution also involves interactions between the N- and C-terminal domains of two TGFBIp molecules but was not identical to the crystal packing dimerization. TGFBIp-targeted interventions that disrupt the R124H/R555W crystal packing dimer interface might offer new therapeutic opportunities to treat patients with GCD.
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Li W, Qu N, Li JK, Li YX, Han DM, Chen YX, Tian L, Shao K, Yang W, Wang ZS, Chen X, Jin XY, Wang ZW, Liang C, Qian WP, Wang LS, He W. Evaluation of the Genetic Variation Spectrum Related to Corneal Dystrophy in a Large Cohort. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:632946. [PMID: 33816482 PMCID: PMC8012530 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.632946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims To characterize the genetic landscape and mutation spectrum of patients with corneal dystrophies (CDs) in a large Han ethnic Chinese Cohort with inherited eye diseases (IEDs). Methods Retrospective study. A large IED cohort was recruited in this study, including 69 clinically diagnosed CD patients, as well as other types of eye diseases patients and healthy family members as controls. The 792 genes on the Target_Eye_792_V2 chip were used to screen all common IEDs in our studies, including 22 CD-related genes. Results We identified 2334 distinct high-quality variants on 22 CD-related genes in a large IEDs cohort. A total of 21 distinct pathogenic or likely pathogenic mutations were identified, and the remaining 2313 variants in our IED cohort had no evidence of CD-related pathogenicity. Overall, 81.16% (n = 56/69) of CD patients received definite molecular diagnoses, and transforming growth factor-beta-induced protein (TGFBI), CHTS6, and SLC4A11 genes covered 91.07, 7.14, and 1.79% of the diagnosed cases, respectively. Twelve distinct disease-associated mutations in the TGFBI gene were identified, 11 of which were previously reported and one is novel. Four of these TGFBI mutations (p.D123H, p.M502V, p.P501T, and p.P501A) were redefined as likely benign in our Han ethnic Chinese IED cohort after performing clinical variant interpretation. These four TGFBI mutations were detected in asymptomatic individuals but not in CD patients, especially the previously reported disease-causing mutation p.P501T. Among 56 CD patients with positive detected mutations, the recurrent TGFBI mutations were p.R124H, p.R555W, p.R124C, p.R555Q, and p.R124L, and the proportions were 32.14, 19.64, 14.29, 10.71, and 3.57%, respectively. Twelve distinct pathogenic or likely pathogenic mutations of CHTS6 were detected in 28 individuals. The recurrent mutations were p.Y358H, p.R140X, and p.R205W, and the proportions were 25.00, 21.43, and 14.29%, respectively. All individuals associated with TGFBI were missense mutations; 74.19% associated with CHTS6 mutations were missense mutations, and 25.81% were non-sense mutations. Hot regions were located in exons 4 and 12 of TGFBI individuals and located in exon 3 of CHTS6 individuals. No de novo mutations were identified. Conclusion For the first time, our large cohort study systematically described the variation spectrum of 22 CD-related genes and evaluated the frequency and pathogenicity of all 2334 distinct high-quality variants in our IED cohort. Our research will provide East Asia and other populations with baseline data from a Han ethnic population-specific level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Li
- BGI Education Center, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China.,College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,Shenyang Industrial Technology Institute of Ophthalmology, Shenyang, China
| | - Ning Qu
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jian-Kang Li
- City University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yu-Xin Li
- BGI Education Center, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China.,College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Dong-Ming Han
- BGI Education Center, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China.,College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yi-Xi Chen
- School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Le Tian
- BGI Education Center, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China.,College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Kang Shao
- City University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, China
| | - Wen Yang
- City University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zhuo-Shi Wang
- Shenyang Industrial Technology Institute of Ophthalmology, Shenyang, China.,He Eye Specialists Hospital, He University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xuan Chen
- College of Plant Protection, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Xiao-Ying Jin
- College of Informatics, HuaZhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zi-Wei Wang
- BGI Education Center, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China.,College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Chen Liang
- School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Wei-Ping Qian
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Lu-Sheng Wang
- City University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, China
| | - Wei He
- Shenyang Industrial Technology Institute of Ophthalmology, Shenyang, China.,He Eye Specialists Hospital, He University, Shenyang, China
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Wang XR, Zhou BT, Zheng QM, Wang YD, Huang QK, Song X, Wang H, Zhang NW, Zhu YH, Chen XL, Yang JH. A recognition survey of granular corneal dystrophy type 2 genetic detection in China. Int J Ophthalmol 2020; 13:1976-1982. [PMID: 33344199 DOI: 10.18240/ijo.2020.12.20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2019] [Accepted: 04/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM To evaluate the feasibility of promoting genetic detection for granular corneal dystrophy type 2 (GCD2) by a questionnaire conducted among citizens in five cities in China. METHODS The data were collected by questionnaire, and analyzed by Chi-square test and one-tailed t test in IBM SPSS statistics. RESULTS Based on the survey data on the awareness of GCD2 genetic detection in this study and the positive predictive analysis report of the citizens in five cities in China, the vast majority (84.2%) of respondents had never heard of it and did not know that GCD2 patients have been prohibited from performing excimer surgery that can deteriorate GCD2 patients' condition even leading to blindness. Though 3.4% of patients understood GCD2 very much, they have no idea that GCD2 could not be 100% accuracy diagnosed by the conventional inspection methods. CONCLUSION It is feasible and necessary to use GCD2 genetic detection as an excimer preoperative examination project. In order to promote the development of detection project, a few improvements should be carried out in terms of the promoting efforts, costs, and research progress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Rui Wang
- Department of Bioengineering and Biopharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, Fujian Province, China
| | - Bi-Ting Zhou
- Department of Ophthalmology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, Fujian Province, China
| | - Qing-Mei Zheng
- Department of Bioengineering and Biopharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, Fujian Province, China
| | - Ya-Duan Wang
- Department of Bioengineering and Biopharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, Fujian Province, China
| | - Qiu-Kai Huang
- Department of Bioengineering and Biopharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, Fujian Province, China
| | - Xuan Song
- Department of Bioengineering and Biopharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, Fujian Province, China
| | - He Wang
- School of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou 350122, Fujian Province, China
| | - Nan-Wen Zhang
- Department of Bioengineering and Biopharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, Fujian Province, China
| | - Yi-Hua Zhu
- Department of Ophthalmology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, Fujian Province, China
| | - Xiao-Le Chen
- Department of Bioengineering and Biopharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, Fujian Province, China
| | - Ju-Hua Yang
- Department of Bioengineering and Biopharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, Fujian Province, China
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Nielsen NS, Poulsen ET, Lukassen MV, Chao Shern C, Mogensen EH, Weberskov CE, DeDionisio L, Schauser L, Moore TC, Otzen DE, Hjortdal J, Enghild JJ. Biochemical mechanisms of aggregation in TGFBI-linked corneal dystrophies. Prog Retin Eye Res 2020; 77:100843. [DOI: 10.1016/j.preteyeres.2020.100843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2019] [Revised: 01/17/2020] [Accepted: 01/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Soh YQ, Kocaba V, Weiss JS, Jurkunas UV, Kinoshita S, Aldave AJ, Mehta JS. Corneal dystrophies. Nat Rev Dis Primers 2020; 6:46. [PMID: 32528047 DOI: 10.1038/s41572-020-0178-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Corneal dystrophies are broadly defined as inherited disorders that affect any layer of the cornea and are usually progressive, bilateral conditions that do not have systemic effects. The 2015 International Classification of Corneal Dystrophies classifies corneal dystrophies into four classes: epithelial and subepithelial dystrophies, epithelial-stromal TGFBI dystrophies, stromal dystrophies and endothelial dystrophies. Whereas some corneal dystrophies may result in few or mild symptoms and morbidity throughout a patient's lifetime, others may progress and eventually result in substantial visual and ocular disturbances that require medical or surgical intervention. Corneal transplantation, either with full-thickness or partial-thickness donor tissue, may be indicated for patients with advanced corneal dystrophies. Although corneal transplantation techniques have improved considerably over the past two decades, these surgeries are still associated with postoperative risks of disease recurrence, graft failure and other complications that may result in blindness. In addition, a global shortage of cadaveric corneal graft tissue critically limits accessibility to corneal transplantation in some parts of the world. Ongoing advances in gene therapy, regenerative therapy and cell augmentation therapy may eventually result in the development of alternative, novel treatments for corneal dystrophies, which may substantially improve the quality of life of patients with these disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Qiang Soh
- Tissue Engineering and Cell Therapy Group, Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore, Singapore.,Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, Singapore.,Ophthalmology Academic Clinical Program, Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, Singapore, Singapore.,Department of Clinical Sciences, Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Viridiana Kocaba
- Tissue Engineering and Cell Therapy Group, Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore, Singapore.,Netherlands Institute for Innovative Ocular Surgery, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Jayne S Weiss
- Department of Ophthalmology, Pathology and Pharmacology, Louisiana State University, School of Medicine, New Orleans, USA
| | - Ula V Jurkunas
- Cornea and Refractive Surgery Service, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Schepens Eye Research Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Shigeru Kinoshita
- Department of Frontier Medical Science and Technology for Ophthalmology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Anthony J Aldave
- Stein Eye Institute, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Jodhbir S Mehta
- Tissue Engineering and Cell Therapy Group, Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore, Singapore. .,Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, Singapore. .,Ophthalmology Academic Clinical Program, Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, Singapore, Singapore. .,Department of Clinical Sciences, Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, Singapore, Singapore.
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Chao-Shern C, DeDionisio LA, Jang JH, Chan CC, Thompson V, Christie K, Nesbit MA, McMullen CBT. Evaluation of TGFBI corneal dystrophy and molecular diagnostic testing. Eye (Lond) 2019; 33:874-881. [PMID: 30760895 PMCID: PMC6707296 DOI: 10.1038/s41433-019-0346-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2018] [Revised: 12/10/2018] [Accepted: 12/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
To date, 70 different TGFBI mutations that cause epithelial-stromal corneal dystrophies have been described. At present one commercially available test examines for the five most common of these mutations: R124H, R124C, R124L, R555W, and R555Q. To expand the capability of identifying the causative mutation in the remaining cases, 57 mutations would need to be added. The aim of this study was to obtain a better understanding of the worldwide distribution and population differences of TGFBI mutations and to assess which mutations could be included or excluded from any potential assay. A total of 184 published papers in Human Gene Mutation Database (HGMD) and PubMed from 34 countries worldwide reporting over 1600 corneal dystrophy cases were reviewed. Global data from 600,000 samples using the commercially available test were analyzed. Case studies by University College of London (UCL), Moorfield’s Corneal Dystrophy Study data and 19 samples from patients with clinical abnormality or uncertainty for which the current test detected no mutation were used to predict an achievable detection rate. Data from the literature search showed no difference in the spectrum and frequency of each mutation in different populations or geographical locations. According to our analysis, an increase to the worldwide detection rate in all populations from 75 to 90% could be achieved by the addition of six mutations—H626R, A546D, H572R, G623D, R124S, and M502V—to the currently available test and that may be beneficial for LASIK pre-screening worldwide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Connie Chao-Shern
- Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, University of Ulster, Coleraine, Northern Ireland, UK.,Avellino Lab USA, Inc., Menlo Park, CA, USA
| | | | | | - Clara C Chan
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | | | - Kathleen Christie
- Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, University of Ulster, Coleraine, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - M Andrew Nesbit
- Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, University of Ulster, Coleraine, Northern Ireland, UK.
| | - C B Tara McMullen
- Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, University of Ulster, Coleraine, Northern Ireland, UK
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