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Karad R, Teja V, Patel H, Bhattacharjee B, Mondal A, Haldar SN, Saha B. Case Report: Unveiling the Unseen - Ocular Tuberculosis Presenting as Chalazion. Am J Trop Med Hyg 2024; 111:841-843. [PMID: 39137753 PMCID: PMC11448534 DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.24-0271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 08/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB) is an airborne infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis that most commonly affects the lungs. Ocular involvement as part of extrapulmonary TB is noted in around 2-18% of cases of extrapulmonary TB. Any part of the eyes can be affected by the tubercular disease process, and a high index of suspicion is required for accurate diagnosis. Because the location is extrapulmonary, obtaining a proper sample is difficult, and the paucibacillary nature of the disease also makes microbiological detection a diagnostic challenge. Response to antitubercular therapy is usually good, and resolution of clinical features is observed in most cases. Here, we present a case report of a patient presenting with a chalazion-like lesion in the left eyelid that recurred after surgical intervention and did not respond to medical therapy. No history of past TB infection or contact was noted in the patient. An active tubercular lung infection was excluded. On further evaluation, the lesion was microbiologically proven to be of tubercular origin, and the signs and symptoms of the patient completely resolved with proper antitubercular therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rucha Karad
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Advanced Microbiology, School of Tropical Medicine, Kolkata, India
| | - Vasireddy Teja
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Advanced Microbiology, School of Tropical Medicine, Kolkata, India
| | - Hardik Patel
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Advanced Microbiology, School of Tropical Medicine, Kolkata, India
| | - Boudhayan Bhattacharjee
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Advanced Microbiology, School of Tropical Medicine, Kolkata, India
| | - Agnibho Mondal
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Advanced Microbiology, School of Tropical Medicine, Kolkata, India
| | - Soumendra Nath Haldar
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Advanced Microbiology, School of Tropical Medicine, Kolkata, India
| | - Bibhuti Saha
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Advanced Microbiology, School of Tropical Medicine, Kolkata, India
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Eivazzadeh-Keihan R, Saadatidizaji Z, Mahdavi M, Maleki A, Irani M, Zare I. Recent advances in gold nanoparticles-based biosensors for tuberculosis determination. Talanta 2024; 275:126099. [PMID: 38640517 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2024.126099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Revised: 03/16/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/21/2024]
Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB) is one of the major killer diseases affecting lung parenchymal tissues. Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) is the bacterium that causes it. It most commonly affects the lungs, although it can affect any part of the body, including the stomach, glands, bones, and nervous system. Although anti-mycobacterial drugs are available, it remains a major threat to public health due to the rise of drug-resistant strains, and early and accurate diagnosis is very important. Currently, research science and medical communities are focusing on the use of cost-effective biosensors to manage human biological processes and assess accurate health diagnostics. Due to their high sensitivity in chemical and biological assays, nanomaterials have been considered in the field of biosensors for better diagnosis, and among them, gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) can play an important role in accelerating the diagnosis of TB. Superior biocompatibility, conductivity, catalytic properties, high surface-to-volume ratio, and high density enable their widespread use in the fabrication of biosensors. This review evaluates the diagnostic accuracy of AuNP-based biosensors for the detection of Mtb. According to different transducers of biosensors, their structure, performance, advantages and limitations are summarized and compared. Moreover, the upcoming challenges in their analytical performance have been highlighted and the strategies to overcome those challenges have been briefly discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reza Eivazzadeh-Keihan
- Catalysts and Organic Synthesis Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran, 16846-13114, Iran.
| | - Zahra Saadatidizaji
- Catalysts and Organic Synthesis Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran, 16846-13114, Iran
| | - Mohammad Mahdavi
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Maleki
- Catalysts and Organic Synthesis Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran, 16846-13114, Iran.
| | - Mohammad Irani
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
| | - Iman Zare
- Research and Development Department, Sina Medical Biochemistry Technologies Co., Ltd., Shiraz, 7178795844, Iran.
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Kujur N, Chandra Sugatha Rao S, Rajagopalawarrier B. Posterior fossa tuberculosis: Unusual presentations of a common disease and literature review. World Neurosurg X 2024; 23:100329. [PMID: 38516022 PMCID: PMC10955099 DOI: 10.1016/j.wnsx.2024.100329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024] Open
Abstract
The burden of tuberculosis is very high in our country and though the number of deaths due to tuberculosis has drastically reduced, still the associated morbidities caused by the disease can be very debilitating.1 Central nervous system tuberculosis is a rare and serious presentation of tuberculosis, the general presentation being hydrocephalus, meningitis, and disseminated miliary lesions.2 More often than not tuberculosis is associated with immunocompromised status and central nervous system tuberculosis in immunocompetent young individuals with no evidence of systemic tuberculosis is very rare.3Association of tuberculosis with ocular manifestations and even blindness is not uncommon, the causes of blindness being causes like uveitis, retinitis, interstitial keratitis, ophthalmitis, and even orbital tuberculosis.4 Classical teaching in neurosurgery is that a posterior fossa lesion unless proven otherwise is a metastasis. Therefore, here we are discussing three cases of central nervous system tuberculosis in isolation, without any systemic involvement in immunocompetent adults in the posterior fossa region as well as a literature review of cases from across the globe of posterior fossa tuberculosis in immunocompetent adults. The first case is regarding a treatable cause like tuberculoma in an immunocompetent young adult causing blindness which is rare as well as unfortunate. The other two cases highlight the need to keep tuberculosis as a differential even when the clinical features, radiological features, and blood and other investigations are not suggestive.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nandita Kujur
- Department of Neurosurgery, Government Medical College Thrissur, India
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Sohail M, Maniar A, Winn BJ, Patel S, Famuyide A, Dagi Glass LR. Orbital tuberculosis: a case report and update on the role of imaging in treatment. Orbit 2024; 43:344-349. [PMID: 36154445 DOI: 10.1080/01676830.2022.2126499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 09/11/2022] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
Orbital tuberculosis is a manifestation of extra-pulmonary tuberculosis that is challenging to diagnose and treat. Here, we describe the pivotal role of serial imaging in the diagnosis and treatment of orbital tuberculosis. A 28-year-old male presented with recurrent right upper eyelid swelling and a supraduction deficit associated with a firm painless orbital mass, seen on initial computed tomography to be an extensive superomedial lesion producing mass effect. Biopsy revealed a tuberculosis-like granulomatous inflammation, which, coupled with a positive QuantiFERON gold test, led to empiric anti-tuberculin treatment. Serial radiologic imaging following initiation of treatment showed progressive reduction in mass size, supporting the diagnosis and determining the length of treatment. This rare case demonstrates the utility of serial radiologic exams in the diagnosis and treatment of orbital tuberculosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marium Sohail
- Department of Ophthalmology, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York, USA
| | - Arpita Maniar
- Department of Ophthalmology, Edward S. Harkness Eye Institute, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, NewYork Presbyterian Hospital, New York, New York, USA
| | - Bryan J Winn
- Ophthalmology Section, Surgical Service, San Francisco Veterans Affairs Health Care System, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Shreya Patel
- Department of Radiology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York-Presbyterian Hospital, New York, New York, USA
| | - Akinrinola Famuyide
- Department of Radiology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York-Presbyterian Hospital, New York, New York, USA
| | - Lora R Dagi Glass
- Department of Ophthalmology, Edward S. Harkness Eye Institute, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, NewYork Presbyterian Hospital, New York, New York, USA
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Aldebasi TM, Alasiri AA, Alnahdi MA, Alfarhan A. Tubercular Episcleritis: A Review of Literature. Middle East Afr J Ophthalmol 2022; 29:51-55. [PMID: 36685347 PMCID: PMC9846963 DOI: 10.4103/meajo.meajo_315_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Revised: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Episcleritis is rarely reported to be associated with tuberculosis (TB). In this review, we highlight this underreported entity and elaborate on the natural history of the reported cases in the literature. Eighteen articles were found to describe numerous cases throughout the past century. Forty patients diagnosed with tuberculous episcleritis were found in the literature. The majority of the patients presented with a latent form of TB and fewer cases were linked with active/pulmonary disease. The natural history of episcleritis was found to have chronic and recurrent attacks refractory to traditional treatment, and the most commonly reported type was the nodular form. The described cases were eventually treated by quadruple antituberculous therapy, and fortunately, recurrence after treatment completion was not documented. It is imperative to highlight such entities that may be underreported in endemic countries, as successful therapy would decrease ocular morbidity and prevent potential unforeseen tuberculous complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tariq M. Aldebasi
- Department of Ophthalmology, King Abdulaziz Medical City, National Guard-Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulelah A. Alasiri
- Department of Ophthalmology, King Abdulaziz Medical City, National Guard-Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhannad A. Alnahdi
- Department of Ophthalmology, King Abdulaziz Medical City, National Guard-Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Ophthalmology and Vision Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Abdulrahman Alfarhan
- Department of Training and Scholarship, King Khaled Eye Specialist Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Yan WJ, Zhou HY, Yan H. Characterization of and advanced diagnostic methods for ocular tuberculosis and tuberculosis. Int J Ophthalmol 2020; 13:1820-1826. [PMID: 33215016 DOI: 10.18240/ijo.2020.11.21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2019] [Accepted: 09/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB) is an airborne infection caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis that usually affects the lungs. Timely treatment of active TB, diagnosis and prevention of latent TB are very important. However, extrapulmonary TB affects almost any tissues around the eye and orbit, and it then requires a high degree of suspicion to accurately diagnose. Diagnostic delays are common and may lead to morbidity. For ophthalmologists and infectious disease specialists, it is important to work together to accurately diagnose and treat ocular tuberculosis (OTB) to prevent vision loss. This review reports the latest advanced diagnostic methods for active TB and latent TB as well as various known manifestations of OTB. Important elements of diagnosis and treatment are also reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Jia Yan
- Xi'an People's Hospital (Xi'an Fourth Hospital), Affiliated Northwestern Polytechnical University, Shaanxi Eye Hospital, Xi'an 710004, Shaanxi Province, China.,Department of Infection, Immunity & Cardiovascular Disease, University of Sheffield, Medical School, Sheffield S10 2RX, UK
| | - Hai-Yan Zhou
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an 710068, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Hong Yan
- Xi'an People's Hospital (Xi'an Fourth Hospital), Affiliated Northwestern Polytechnical University, Shaanxi Eye Hospital, Xi'an 710004, Shaanxi Province, China
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Alsarhani WK, Alkhalifah MI, Alkatan HM, Alsolami AL, Maktabi AMY, Alsuhaibani AH. Whipple's disease scleral nodules: a novel presentation in 2 consecutive patients. BMC Ophthalmol 2020; 20:413. [PMID: 33066757 PMCID: PMC7566054 DOI: 10.1186/s12886-020-01695-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Whipple’s disease (WD) is a rare, chronic, infection caused by gram-positive filamentous aerobic actinobacterium Tropheryma whipplei occurs classically in the gastrointestinal tract and shows histopathologically foamy macrophages with typical numerous PAS-positive, non-acid fast particles. Ocular WD in the form of uveitis may occur in the absence of systemic disease but has not been reported to present with scleral manifestation. We describe for the first time to the best of our knowledge 2 cases of scleral nodules with typical histopathological morphology of WD and without systemic involvement. Case presentation The first was a 53-year old diabetic male farmer who presented with 2 nontender right eye scleral nodules for 3 months, had a negative systemic workup, and surgical excision showed Periodic acid Schiff (PAS)-positive eosinophilic structures inside macrophages. Grocott’s methenamine silver (GMS) stain and acid-fast bacilli (AFB) stain of the tissue itself were negative. The second case was a 60-year old male who presented with an asymptomatic superior scleral nodule for 4 months, which showed similar appearance and negative GMS and AFB stains. Conclusion WD should be included in the differential diagnosis of scleral nodules even in the absence of systemic symptoms. Surgical excision without systemic treatment resulted in successful outcome without recurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Waleed K Alsarhani
- Ophthalmology Department, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhannad I Alkhalifah
- Ophthalmology Department, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hind M Alkatan
- Ophthalmology Department, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. .,Pathology Department, College of Medicine, King Saud University Medical city, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Afaf L Alsolami
- Pathology Department, College of Medicine, King Saud University Medical city, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Azza M Y Maktabi
- Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, King Khaled Eye Specialist Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Adel H Alsuhaibani
- Ophthalmology Department, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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8
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Lestari NMI, Fatmariyanti S, Soebagjo HD, Kurniati ND, Lutfi D. ORBITAL CELLULITIS IN PULMONARY TUBERCULOSIS: A CASE REPORT. Afr J Infect Dis 2020; 14:48-52. [PMID: 33884351 PMCID: PMC8047292 DOI: 10.21010/ajid.v14i2.8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2020] [Revised: 06/05/2020] [Accepted: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Orbital cellulitis in immunocompetent patients with pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) is rare or unheard of. If left untreated, patients might lose their sight and potentially their life. This case describes orbital cellulitis due to extended spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs)-producing bacteria in a patient with pulmonary tuberculosis. Materials and Methods: We report the case of a 47-year-old man referred to the emergency room in our hospital with swollen and painful right eye and face for 8 days. On admission, the patient condition was drowsy, pale, and feverish. Visual acuity of the right eye was only light perception with limited eye movement in all directions. The CT scan showed orbital sub-tissue swelling and sub-periosteal abscess on the upper lateral orbital wall. On day 5, pus culture was confirmed as extended spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs) producing bacteria and Ziehl-Neelson staining test revealed acid fast bacillus with pulmonary inflammation highly pathognomonic of tuberculosis. Results: The patient showed significant clinical improvement on day 11. The patient was discharged on the day 15 in stable general condition with improved visual acuity on the right eye (capable of capturing hand movement). Conclusion: ESBL producing bacteria associated orbital cellulitis in tuberculosis patient potentially elevated the morbidity and possibly result in severe loss of visual acuity. Early diagnosis and treatment could reverse this comorbidity and produce a better outcome for affected patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ni Made Inten Lestari
- Ophthalmology Resident, Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga/Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Susy Fatmariyanti
- Ophthalmologist, Orbital Oncology Division, Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga/Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Hendrian D Soebagjo
- Ophthalmologist, Orbital Oncology Division, Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga/Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Neneng Dwi Kurniati
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga/Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Delfitri Lutfi
- Ophthalmologist, Orbital Oncology Division, Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga/Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia
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Frequently Relapsing Anterior Nodular Scleritis as the Initial Presentation of a Lethal Systemic Infection: Disseminated Tuberculosis with HIV Coinfection. Case Rep Infect Dis 2020; 2020:9020864. [PMID: 32082660 PMCID: PMC7013353 DOI: 10.1155/2020/9020864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2019] [Accepted: 01/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Scleritis is a painful inflammatory ocular disease often associated with an underlying systemic illness mostly having an autoimmune aetiology. Tuberculosis usually presents as pulmonary infection, and the ocular presentation is considered to be rare. Case presentation. We present a male who developed prolonged pyrexia following systemic steroids while being investigated for a frequently relapsing anterior scleritis. Biopsy of sclera demonstrated acid-fast bacilli, and histology of sclera and lymph node showed granulomatous inflammation with caseation. Contrast CT demonstrated mediastinal and visceral lymphadenopathy with pulmonary changes suggesting disseminated tuberculosis. Later, Western blot confirmed coinfection with HIV with a CD4 count of 71 cells/mm3. He was treated with antituberculous medications, and then HAART was initiated within two months. He showed good response and showed a partial resolution of scleritis at the end of two months. Conclusion Tuberculosis tends to occur in unusual sites when coinfected with HIV. Scleritis is a rare extrapulmonary manifestation of tuberculosis. High degree of suspicion is critical in making diagnosis and commencing early treatment.
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McGuffin SA, Bharadwaj R, Gonzalez-Cuyar LF, Schiffer JT, Stacey AW, Walter RB, Duke ER. In the Eye of the Beholder: A Conjunctival Lesion in a Woman With Acute Myelogenous Leukemia. Clin Infect Dis 2019; 68:525-529. [PMID: 30657904 PMCID: PMC6594456 DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciy394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Sarah A McGuffin
- Division of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, University of Washington
| | - Rajnish Bharadwaj
- Department of Pathology, Division of Neuropathology, University of Washington
| | | | - Joshua T Schiffer
- Division of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, University of Washington
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center
| | - Andrew W Stacey
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Washington, Seattle
| | - Roland B Walter
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center
- Division of Hematology/Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle
| | - Elizabeth R Duke
- Division of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, University of Washington
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center
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Orbital tuberculosis: perspectives from Victoria, Australia. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 2018; 256:2443-2448. [PMID: 30121712 DOI: 10.1007/s00417-018-4099-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2018] [Revised: 07/10/2018] [Accepted: 08/02/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Orbital tuberculosis (TB) is a rare extra-pulmonary manifestation of tuberculosis and its clinical diagnosis poses unique challenges, with potential for destructive complications as well as social and public health implications. The aim of this study is to report our experience of patients presenting with orbital TB and to identify common aspects. METHODS A systematic search for mandatory notifications of orbital tuberculosis between January 01, 1994 and December 12, 2016 was undertaken in the Victorian Tuberculosis database. In addition, members of the Australian and New Zealand Society of Ophthalmic Plastic Surgeons (ANZSOPS) were surveyed to identify cases of orbital tuberculosis diagnosed on biopsy in the past 20 years. Medical case notes of identified cases were reviewed retrospectively. RESULTS Three cases were identified as having occurred in Victoria, aged 44-59 years old. All cases had emigrated from endemic countries with higher tuberculosis burden. Diagnosis of tuberculosis was often difficult due to few or non-viable acid fast bacilli and low yield of positive culture in paucicellular orbital specimens. CONCLUSIONS Orbital TB is rare but remains an important differential diagnosis of orbital mass lesions. The diagnosis of orbital TB requires a high index of clinical suspicion and targeted investigations in patients originating from endemic areas. Diagnosis and treatment rely on effective collaboration between ophthalmologists, infectious disease physicians, and pathologists.
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Ahn HM, Kie JH, Kim HY. A Case of Bilateral Orbital Tuberculosis. JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN OPHTHALMOLOGICAL SOCIETY 2017. [DOI: 10.3341/jkos.2017.58.7.862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Min Ahn
- Department of Ophthalmology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Ophthalmology, National Health Insurance Service Ilsan Hospital, Goyang, Korea
| | - Jeong Hae Kie
- Department of Pathology, National Health Insurance Service Ilsan Hospital, Goyang, Korea
| | - Hye Young Kim
- Department of Ophthalmology, National Health Insurance Service Ilsan Hospital, Goyang, Korea
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