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Human Herpesvirus 8 in Australia: DNAemia and Cumulative Exposure in Blood Donors. Viruses 2022; 14:v14102185. [PMID: 36298740 PMCID: PMC9611601 DOI: 10.3390/v14102185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Revised: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Human herpesvirus 8 (HHV-8), the causative agent of Kaposi’s sarcoma, multicentric Castleman’s disease and primary effusion lymphoma, predominantly manifests in immunocompromised individuals. However, infection in immunocompetent individuals does occur. The prevalence of HHV-8 exposure in blood donors from non-endemic countries ranges between 1.2% and 7.3%. Nothing was known about the prevalence in Australian blood donors. Therefore, this study investigated the active and cumulative exposure of HHV-8 in this cohort. Plasma samples (n = 480) were collected from eastern Australian blood donors and were tested for HHV-8 DNA by qPCR, and for HHV-8 antibodies by two different ELISAs. Samples initially positive on either ELISA were retested in duplicate on both, and on a mock-coated ELISA. Any samples positive two or three out of the three times tested on at least one ELISA, and repeat negative on the mock-coated ELISA, were assigned as repeat positive. None of the 480 samples tested contained HHV-8 DNA. Serological testing revealed 28 samples (5.83%; 95% CI: 3.74−7.93%) had antibodies to HHV-8. There was no difference (p > 0.05) in seropositivity between sex or with increasing age. This is the first study to show serological evidence of cumulative HHV-8 exposure and no HHV-8 DNAemia within a select blood donor population in Australia. Our molecular and serological data is consistent with published results for blood donors residing in HHV-8 non-endemic countries, which shows the prevalence to be very low.
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Fang Q, Wang X, Liu Z, Zhu M, Ding M, Minhas V, Wood C, Zhang T. Seroprevalence of human herpesvirus 8 and its impact on the hemoglobin level in patients of end stage of renal diseases. J Med Virol 2017; 90:338-343. [PMID: 28876458 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.24937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2017] [Accepted: 08/10/2017] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
The incidence of Kaposi's sarcoma (KS) is increasing among renal transplant recipients. Patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) are immunocompromised and are candidates for renal transplantation, but HHV8 seroprevalence in ESRD patients has not been well documented. A cross-sectional study of 286 ESRD patients and 281 matched subjects without kidney disease was conducted at the First People's Hospital of Huzhou, Zhejiang province to explore the epidemiologic features of HHV8 among ESRD patients in China. Blood samples were collected and HHV8 antibodies and serologic indices were measured. The seroprevalence of HHV8 was 15.3% for ESRD patients and 8.9% for the comparison group. A significant difference in the geometric mean titer (GMT) of the HHV8 antibodies was detected between ESRD patients and the comparison group (617.1 vs 291.7; P = 0.042). The average level of hemoglobin was 11.56 ± 1.78 g/dL for the ESRD group and 13.73 ± 1.42 g/dL for the comparison group, (P > 0.05). Multiple linear regression revealed a negative association between HHV8 infection and plasma hemoglobin concentration (β = -0.682, P = 0.036). We found a higher HHV8 prevalence and a higher level of HHV8 antibody GMT in ESRD patients than the comparison group, which indicate a high risk of posttransplantation KS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiwen Fang
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center of Social Risks Governance in Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoyi Wang
- Huzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhenqiu Liu
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center of Social Risks Governance in Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ming Zhu
- Huzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang, China
| | - Min Ding
- Huzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang, China
| | - Veenu Minhas
- Nebraska Center of Virology and the School of Biological Sciences, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska
| | - Charles Wood
- Nebraska Center of Virology and the School of Biological Sciences, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska
| | - Tiejun Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center of Social Risks Governance in Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Abstract
Several viruses with different replication mechanisms contribute to oncogenesis by both direct and indirect mechanisms in immunosuppressed subjects after solid organ transplantation, after allogeneic stem cell transplantation, or with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), human papillomavirus (HPV), Kaposi sarcoma herpesvirus (KSHV), human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) and Merkel cell polyoma virus (MCV) are the main viruses associated with the development of cancer in immunosuppressed patients. Besides being a main cause of immunodeficiency, HIV1 has a direct pro-oncogenic effect. In this review, we provide an update on the association between the condition of acquired immunodeficiency and cancer risk, specifically addressing the contributions to oncogenesis of HPV, MCV, KSHV, HTLV-1, and EBV.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Pierangeli
- Laboratory of Virology, Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - G Antonelli
- Laboratory of Virology, Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - G Gentile
- Department of Cellular Biotechnologies and Haematology, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy.
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Pratesi C, Zanussi S, Tedeschi R, Bortolin MT, Talamini R, Rupolo M, Scaini C, Basaglia G, Di Maso M, Mazzucato M, Zanet E, Tirelli U, Michieli M, Carbone A, De Paoli P. γ-Herpesvirus load as surrogate marker of early death in HIV-1 lymphoma patients submitted to high dose chemotherapy and autologous peripheral blood stem cell transplantation. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0116887. [PMID: 25668032 PMCID: PMC4323102 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0116887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2014] [Accepted: 12/16/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT) is a feasible procedure for human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) lymphoma patients, whose underlying disease and intrinsic HIV-1- and ASCT-associated immunodeficiency might increase the risk for γ-herpesvirus load persistence and/or reactivation. We evaluated this hypothesis by investigating the levels of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)- and Kaposi sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV)-DNA levels in the peripheral blood of 22 HIV-1-associated lymphoma patients during ASCT, highlighting their relationship with γ-herpesvirus lymphoma status, immunological parameters, and clinical events. EBV-DNA was detected in the pre-treatment plasma and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of 12 (median 12135 copies/mL) and 18 patients (median 417 copies/106 PBMCs), respectively; the values in the two compartments were correlated (r = 0.77, p = 0.0001). Only EBV-positive lymphomas showed detectable levels of plasma EBV-DNA. After debulking chemotherapy, plasma EBV-DNA was associated with lymphoma chemosensitivity (p = 0.03) and a significant higher mortality risk by multivariate Cox analysis adjusted for EBV-lymphoma status (HR, 10.46, 95% CI, 1.11–98.32, p = 0.04). After infusion, EBV-DNA was detectable in five EBV-positive lymphoma patients who died within six months. KSHV-DNA load was positive in only one patient, who died from primary effusion lymphoma. Fluctuations in levels of KSHV-DNA reflected the patient’s therapy and evolution of his underlying lymphoma. Other γ-herpesvirus-associated malignancies, such as multicentric Castleman disease and Kaposi sarcoma, or end-organ complications after salvage treatment were not found. Overall, these findings suggest a prognostic and predictive value of EBV-DNA and KSHV-DNA, the monitoring of which could be a simple, complementary tool for the management of γ-herpesvirus-positive lymphomas in HIV-1 patients submitted to ASCT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Pratesi
- Microbiology, Immunology and Virology Unit, CRO National Cancer Institute, IRCCS, Aviano, Pordenone, Italy
| | - Stefania Zanussi
- Microbiology, Immunology and Virology Unit, CRO National Cancer Institute, IRCCS, Aviano, Pordenone, Italy
- * E-mail:
| | - Rosamaria Tedeschi
- Microbiology, Immunology and Virology Unit, CRO National Cancer Institute, IRCCS, Aviano, Pordenone, Italy
| | - Maria Teresa Bortolin
- Microbiology, Immunology and Virology Unit, CRO National Cancer Institute, IRCCS, Aviano, Pordenone, Italy
| | - Renato Talamini
- Epidemiology and Biostatistics Unit, CRO National Cancer Institute, IRCCS, Aviano, Pordenone, Italy
| | - Maurizio Rupolo
- Cellular Therapy and High-Dose Chemotherapy Unit, CRO National Cancer Institute, IRCCS, Aviano, Pordenone, Italy
| | - Chiara Scaini
- Microbiology, Immunology and Virology Unit, CRO National Cancer Institute, IRCCS, Aviano, Pordenone, Italy
| | - Giancarlo Basaglia
- Microbiology, Immunology and Virology Unit, CRO National Cancer Institute, IRCCS, Aviano, Pordenone, Italy
| | - Matteo Di Maso
- Epidemiology and Biostatistics Unit, CRO National Cancer Institute, IRCCS, Aviano, Pordenone, Italy
| | - Mario Mazzucato
- Stem Cell Collection and Processing Unit, CRO National Cancer Institute, IRCCS, Aviano, Pordenone, Italy
| | - Ernesto Zanet
- Cellular Therapy and High-Dose Chemotherapy Unit, CRO National Cancer Institute, IRCCS, Aviano, Pordenone, Italy
| | - Umberto Tirelli
- Division of Medical Oncology A, CRO National Cancer Institute, IRCCS, Aviano, Pordenone, Italy
| | - Mariagrazia Michieli
- Cellular Therapy and High-Dose Chemotherapy Unit, CRO National Cancer Institute, IRCCS, Aviano, Pordenone, Italy
| | - Antonino Carbone
- Department of Pathology, CRO National Cancer Institute, IRCCS, Aviano, Pordenone, Italy
| | - Paolo De Paoli
- Scientific Directorate; CRO National Cancer Institute, IRCCS, Aviano, Pordenone, Italy
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