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Rose SC, Larsen M, Xie Y, Sharfstein ST. Salivary Gland Bioengineering. Bioengineering (Basel) 2023; 11:28. [PMID: 38247905 PMCID: PMC10813147 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering11010028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Revised: 11/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Salivary gland dysfunction affects millions globally, and tissue engineering may provide a promising therapeutic avenue. This review delves into the current state of salivary gland tissue engineering research, starting with a study of normal salivary gland development and function. It discusses the impact of fibrosis and cellular senescence on salivary gland pathologies. A diverse range of cells suitable for tissue engineering including cell lines, primary salivary gland cells, and stem cells are examined. Moreover, the paper explores various supportive biomaterials and scaffold fabrication methodologies that enhance salivary gland cell survival, differentiation, and engraftment. Innovative engineering strategies for the improvement of vascularization, innervation, and engraftment of engineered salivary gland tissue, including bioprinting, microfluidic hydrogels, mesh electronics, and nanoparticles, are also evaluated. This review underscores the promising potential of this research field for the treatment of salivary gland dysfunction and suggests directions for future exploration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen C. Rose
- Department of Nanoscale Science and Engineering, College of Nanotechnology, Science, and Engineering, University at Albany, SUNY, 257 Fuller Road, Albany, NY 12203, USA (Y.X.)
| | - Melinda Larsen
- Department of Biological Sciences and The RNA Institute, University at Albany, SUNY, 1400 Washington Ave., Albany, NY 12222, USA;
| | - Yubing Xie
- Department of Nanoscale Science and Engineering, College of Nanotechnology, Science, and Engineering, University at Albany, SUNY, 257 Fuller Road, Albany, NY 12203, USA (Y.X.)
| | - Susan T. Sharfstein
- Department of Nanoscale Science and Engineering, College of Nanotechnology, Science, and Engineering, University at Albany, SUNY, 257 Fuller Road, Albany, NY 12203, USA (Y.X.)
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Li F, Lu J, Shi X, Li D, Zhou T, Jiang T, Wang S. Effect of adipose tissue-derived stem cells therapy on clinical response in patients with primary Sjogren's syndrome. Sci Rep 2023; 13:13521. [PMID: 37598237 PMCID: PMC10439962 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-40802-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/21/2023] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this trial was to clinically assess the effect and safety of Adipose Tissue-derived Stem Cells (ADSCs) treatment on primary Sjogren's Syndrome (pSS). In this 6-month randomized, triple-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial, pSS patients were randomly assigned to two groups. After demographic characteristics and clinical examination were achieved, local injection of ADSCs into bilateral glands was performed with patients in ADSCs group (n = 35) and placebo solution was used for another group (n = 39) at three time points. Patients were followed up at 1-, 3- and 6-month. At each visit, studies of clinical and laboratory outcomes, as well as subjective symptoms, were conducted. A total of 74 subjects who met the including criteria were allocated in two groups and eventually 64 subjects (86.5%) completed the treatments and the follow-up assessments. Secretion of salivary and lachrymal glands were significantly improved in 3-month (P < 0.05). A great improvement of European League Against Rheumatism Sjögren's Syndrome Disease Activity Index (ESSDAI) was found after ADSCs treatment with intergroup comparison from baseline to follow-up (P < 0.05). There is also a significant difference of European Alliance of Associations for Rheumatology SS Patient Reported Index (ESSPRI) between the two groups in the follow-up (P < 0.05). A significant abatement of IgG, IgM, C3, C4 and ESR between two groups was observed in part of follow-up time points (P < 0.05). The ADSCs therapy can provide relief of oral and eye's dryness in our trial in a short time and has potential improvement of subjective and systemic syndromes of pSS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangfang Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Affiliated Huai'an Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Huai'an City, China
| | - Junhui Lu
- Department of Rheumatology, The Affiliated Huai'an Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Huai'an City, China
| | - Xinlian Shi
- Department of Stomatology, The Affiliated Huai'an Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Huai'an City, China
| | - Dongya Li
- Department of Stomatology, The Affiliated Huai'an Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Huai'an City, China
| | - Tingting Zhou
- Department of Stomatology, The Affiliated Huai'an Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Huai'an City, China
| | - Tianqi Jiang
- Department of Stomatology, The Affiliated Huai'an Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Huai'an City, China
| | - Shengming Wang
- Department of Stomatology, The Affiliated Huai'an Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Huai'an City, China.
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Yu X, Liu P, Li Z, Zhang Z. Function and mechanism of mesenchymal stem cells in the healing of diabetic foot wounds. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1099310. [PMID: 37008908 PMCID: PMC10061144 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1099310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes has become a global public health problem. Diabetic foot is one of the most severe complications of diabetes, which often places a heavy economic burden on patients and seriously affects their quality of life. The current conventional treatment for the diabetic foot can only relieve the symptoms or delay the progression of the disease but cannot repair damaged blood vessels and nerves. An increasing number of studies have shown that mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) can promote angiogenesis and re-epithelialization, participate in immune regulation, reduce inflammation, and finally repair diabetic foot ulcer (DFU), rendering it an effective means of treating diabetic foot disease. Currently, stem cells used in the treatment of diabetic foot are divided into two categories: autologous and allogeneic. They are mainly derived from the bone marrow, umbilical cord, adipose tissue, and placenta. MSCs from different sources have similar characteristics and subtle differences. Mastering their features to better select and use MSCs is the premise of improving the therapeutic effect of DFU. This article reviews the types and characteristics of MSCs and their molecular mechanisms and functions in treating DFU to provide innovative ideas for using MSCs to treat diabetic foot and promote wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoping Yu
- School of Medicine and Nursing, Chengdu University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Pan Liu
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Zheng Li
- People’s Hospital of Jiulongpo District, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhengdong Zhang
- School of Clinical Medicine, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- *Correspondence: Zhengdong Zhang,
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McCoy SS, Parker M, Gurevic I, Das R, Pennati A, Galipeau J. Ruxolitinib inhibits IFNγ-stimulated Sjögren's salivary gland MSC HLA-DR expression and chemokine-dependent T cell migration. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2022; 61:4207-4218. [PMID: 35218354 PMCID: PMC9536796 DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/keac111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Revised: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Sjögren's disease (SjD) is a systemic autoimmune disease characterized by focal lymphocytic infiltrate of salivary glands (SGs) and high SG IFNγ, both of which are associated with elevated lymphoma risk. IFNγ is also biologically relevant to mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs), a SG resident cell with unique niche regenerative and immunoregulatory capacities. In contrast to the role of IFNγ in SjD, IFNγ promotes an anti-inflammatory MSC phenotype in other diseases. The objective of this study was to define the immunobiology of IFNγ-exposed SG-MSCs with and without the JAK1 & 2 inhibitor, ruxolitinib. METHODS SG-MSCs were isolated from SjD and controls human subjects. SG-MSCs were treated with 10 ng/ml IFNγ +/- 1000 nM ruxolitinib. Experimental methods included flow cytometry, RNA-sequencing, chemokine array, ELISA and transwell chemotaxis experiments. RESULTS We found that IFNγ promoted expression of SG-MSC immunomodulatory markers, including HLA-DR, and this expression was inhibited by ruxolitinib. We confirmed the differential expression of CXCL9, CXCL10, CXCL11, CCL2 and CCL7, initially identified with RNA sequencing. SG-MSCs promoted CD4+ T cell chemotaxis when pre-stimulated with IFNγ. Ruxolitinib blocks chemotaxis through inhibition of SG-MSC production of CXCL9, CXCL10 and CXCL11. CONCLUSIONS These findings establish that ruxolitinib inhibits IFNγ-induced expression of SG-MSC immunomodulatory markers and chemokines. Ruxolitinib also reverses IFNγ-induced CD4+ T cell chemotaxis, through inhibition of CXCL9, -10 and -11. Because IFNγ is higher in SjD than control SGs, we have identified SG-MSCs as a plausible pathogenic cell type in SjD. We provide proof of concept supporting further study of ruxolitinib to treat SjD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara S McCoy
- Division or Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Health
| | - Maxwell Parker
- Division or Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Health
| | - Ilya Gurevic
- Division or Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Health
| | - Rahul Das
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin Carbone Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Andrea Pennati
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin Carbone Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Jacques Galipeau
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin Carbone Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
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Tan Z, Wang L, Li X. Composition and regulation of the immune microenvironment of salivary gland in Sjögren’s syndrome. Front Immunol 2022; 13:967304. [PMID: 36177010 PMCID: PMC9513852 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.967304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Primary Sjögren’s syndrome (pSS) is a systemic autoimmune disease characterized by exocrine gland dysfunction and inflammation. Patients often have dry mouth and dry eye symptoms, which seriously affect their lives. Improving dry mouth and eye symptoms has become a common demand from patients. For this reason, researchers have conducted many studies on external secretory glands. In this paper, we summarize recent studies on the salivary glands of pSS patients from the perspective of the immune microenvironment. These studies showed that hypoxia, senescence, and chronic inflammation are the essential characteristics of the salivary gland immune microenvironment. In the SG of pSS, genes related to lymphocyte chemotaxis, antigen presentation, and lymphocyte activation are upregulated. Interferon (IFN)-related genes, DNA methylation, sRNA downregulation, and mitochondrial-related differentially expressed genes are also involved in forming the immune microenvironment of pSS, while multiple signaling pathways are involved in regulation. We further elucidated the regulation of the salivary gland immune microenvironment in pSS and relevant, targeted treatments.
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Shaw TM, Zhang W, McCoy SS, Pagenkopf A, Carp DM, Garg S, Parker MH, Qiu X, Scofield RH, Galipeau J, Liang Y. X-linked genes exhibit miR6891-5p-regulated skewing in Sjögren's syndrome. J Mol Med (Berl) 2022; 100:1253-1265. [PMID: 35538149 PMCID: PMC9420820 DOI: 10.1007/s00109-022-02205-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2022] [Revised: 04/15/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Many autoimmune diseases exhibit a strikingly increased prevalence in females, with primary Sjögren's syndrome (pSS) being the most female-predominant example. However, the molecular basis underlying the female-bias in pSS remains elusive. To address this knowledge gap, we performed genome-wide, allele-specific profiling of minor salivary gland-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) from pSS patients and control subjects, and detected major differences in the regulation of X-linked genes. In control female MSCs, X-linked genes were expressed from both paternal and maternal X chromosomes with a median paternal ratio of ~ 0.5. However, in pSS female MSCs, X-linked genes exhibited preferential expression from one of the two X chromosomes. Concomitantly, pSS MSCs showed decrease in XIST levels and reorganization of H3K27me3+ foci in the nucleus. Moreover, the HLA-locus-expressed miRNA miR6891-5p was decreased in pSS MSCs. miR6891-5p inhibition in control MSCs caused XIST dysregulation, ectopic silencing, and allelic skewing. Allelic skewing was accompanied by the mislocation of protein products encoded by the skewed genes, which was recapitulated by XIST and miR6891-5p disruption in control MSCs. Our data reveal X skewing as a molecular hallmark of pSS and highlight the importance of restoring X-chromosomal allelic balance for pSS treatment. KEY MESSAGES: X-linked genes exhibit skewing in primary Sjögren's syndrome (pSS). X skewing in pSS associates with alterations in H3K27me3 deposition. pSS MSCs show decreased levels of miR6891-5p, a HLA-expressed miRNA. miR6891-5p inhibition causes H3K27me3 dysregulation and allelic skewing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teressa M Shaw
- Department of Medical Microbiology & Immunology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA
- Present address: Bristol Myers Squibb, New York, NY, USA
| | - Sara S McCoy
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Adam Pagenkopf
- Department of Medical Microbiology & Immunology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
| | - Diana M Carp
- Department of Medical Microbiology & Immunology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
| | - Shivani Garg
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Maxwell H Parker
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Xueer Qiu
- Department of Medical Microbiology & Immunology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
| | - Robert H Scofield
- Department of Pathology and Department of Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Jacques Galipeau
- Department of Medicine, Carbone Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin, WI, Madison, USA
| | - Yun Liang
- Department of Medical Microbiology & Immunology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53706, USA.
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