1
|
Ağaç DK, Oktay E, Onuk B, Kabak M, Gündemir O. Shape variation in cranium, mandible and teeth in selected mouse strains. Anat Histol Embryol 2024; 53:e13064. [PMID: 38841825 DOI: 10.1111/ahe.13064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2024] [Revised: 05/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Abstract
There are different strains of laboratory mouse used in many different fields. These strains differ anatomically. In order to determine these anatomical differences, shape analysis was conducted according to species. CD-1, C57bl/6 and Balb-c strains were preferred to study these differences. Forty-eight adult mouse strains belonging to these strains were utilized. The bones were photographed and geometric morphometry was applied to these photographs. Principal Component Analysis was applied to determine shape variations. In Principal component 1 for cranium, CD-1 and C57bl/6 strain groups showed different shape variations, while Balb-c strain group showed similar shape variations to the other strain groups. Principal Component 1 for the mandible separated the CD-1 and C57bl/6 strain groups in terms of shape variation. Principal Component 2 explained most of the variation between the C57bl/6 and CD-1 lineage groups. In PC1 for molars, the CD-1 group showed a different shape variation from the other groups. Mahalanobis distances and Procrustes distances were measured using Canonical variance analysis to explain the differences between the lineage groups. These measurements were statistically significant. For cranium, in canonical variate 1, CD-1 group of mouse and Balb-c group of mouse were separated from each other. In canonical variate 2, C57bl/6 group of mouse were separated from the other groups. For mandible, Balb-c group of mouse in canonical variate 1 and CD-1 group of mouse in canonical variate 2 were separated from the other groups. For molars, CD-1 group of mouse in canonical variate 1 and Balb-c group of mouse in canonical variate 2 were separated from the other groups. It was thought that these anatomical differences could be caused by genotypic factors as well as dietary differences and many different habits that would affect the way their muscles work.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Duygu Küçük Ağaç
- Department of Veterinary, Şiran Mustafa Beyaz Vocational School, Gümüşhane University, Gumushane, Turkey
| | - Ece Oktay
- Institute of Graduate Studies, Istanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Burcu Onuk
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ondokuz Mayıs University, Samsun, Turkey
| | - Murat Kabak
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ondokuz Mayıs University, Samsun, Turkey
| | - Ozan Gündemir
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Ağaç DK, Onuk B, Gündemir O, Kabak M, Manuta N, Çakar B, Janeczek M, Crampton DA, Szara T. Comparative Cranial Geometric Morphometrics among Wistar Albino, Sprague Dawley, and WAG/Rij Rat Strains. Animals (Basel) 2024; 14:1274. [PMID: 38731278 PMCID: PMC11083316 DOI: 10.3390/ani14091274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2024] [Revised: 04/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
This research utilizes geometric morphometrics to investigate shape variation in the skull, mandible, and teeth among three rat strains: Wistar Albino (WA), Sprague Dawley (SD), and WAG/Rij (WR). Through the analysis of 48 rats using 2D geometric morphometric techniques, significant differences in their skull morphology were identified. This study indicates a shift from a rectangular to an oval cranial shape across strains, with notable size and morphological variances. Particularly, the WR strain's skull shape significantly differs from the SD and WA strains, suggesting distinct ecological or genetic pathways. Compared to the skull, mandible shape differences are less pronounced, but still significant. The WR strain exhibits a distinct mandible shape, potentially reflecting ecological adaptations like dietary habits. The teeth shape of WR rats is the most distinct. SD rats consistently exhibited larger sizes in both skull and mandible measurements, while WR rats were notably smaller. Interestingly, sexual dimorphism was not statistically significant in skull and teeth sizes, aligning with findings from previous studies. However, the mandible showed clear size differences between sexes, underscoring its potential for adaptive or behavioral studies. In summary, this study provides a comprehensive analysis of morphological variations in rat strains, highlighting the intricate interplay of size, shape, and ecological factors. These findings lay a foundation for deeper explorations into the adaptive, ecological, or genetic narratives influencing rat morphology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Duygu Küçük Ağaç
- Department of Veterinary, Şiran Mustafa Beyaz Vocational School, Gümüşhane University, 29700 Gümüşhane, Türkiye;
| | - Burcu Onuk
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ondokuz Mayıs University, 55270 Samsun, Türkiye; (B.O.); (M.K.)
| | - Ozan Gündemir
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, 34500 Istanbul, Türkiye
| | - Murat Kabak
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ondokuz Mayıs University, 55270 Samsun, Türkiye; (B.O.); (M.K.)
| | - Nicoleta Manuta
- Institute of Graduate Studies, Istanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, 34500 Istanbul, Türkiye; (N.M.); (B.Ç.)
| | - Buket Çakar
- Institute of Graduate Studies, Istanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, 34500 Istanbul, Türkiye; (N.M.); (B.Ç.)
| | - Maciej Janeczek
- Department of Biostructure and Animal Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, 50-375 Wrocław, Poland;
| | - Denise Amber Crampton
- Research Centre in Evolutionary Anthropology and Palaeoecology, School of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool L3 3AF, UK;
| | - Tomasz Szara
- Department of Morphological Sciences, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences-SGGW, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Bento Da Costa L, Bardin J, Senut B. Locomotor adaptations in the Early Miocene species Diamantomys luederitzi (Rodentia, Mammalia) from Uganda (Napak). J Morphol 2023; 284:e21560. [PMID: 36715561 DOI: 10.1002/jmor.21560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Revised: 01/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
The study of morphological adaptations to different ecological parameters among fossil vertebrates has been an important challenge in recent decades. In this paper, we focus on the link between morphological traits and locomotor behavior such as terrestriality, fossoriality and arboreality (including gliding). One of the most diverse groups in which various locomotor habits are represented is rodents, occupying a wide range of ecological niches. This work highlights morphological variations in skulls and humerus in extant rodents with varying locomotion, to predict this parameter in the extinct species Diamantomys luederitzi (Early Miocene, Napak, Uganda). Linear discriminant analysis and phylogenetic flexible discriminant analysis are used to analyze datasets obtained via traditional morphometry (measurements) and geometric morphometrics (landmarks). The results show good discrimination between locomotor groups for both structures in extant species: the skull has a wider and longer rostrum in terrestrial and fossorial taxa compared to arboreal rodents, is also higher and posteriorly wider in fossorial taxa; the distal humerus shows elongation of the trochlea and capitulum and a higher trochlea in fossorial and terrestrial species, allowing an increase of stability instead of mobility, which is more important in arboreal taxa for movement in trees. In D. luederitzi, all skull analyses except one predicted it as a terrestrial species, the other prediction as a glider was possibly linked to the diet. For the distal humerus, this species has been predicted as a terrestrial, fossorial and arboreal taxon in differing analyses, reflected by morphological traits represented in these different locomotor categories. These varying predictions could highlight the intraspecific variation in this fossil species as well as its locomotor repertoire, raising a discussion about the use of different methods in such analyses. In addition to these predictions, several issues are discussed, such as the presence of locomotor signal in the skull and its validity in locomotor studies, as well as the relevance of the use of fragmentary material in such analyses. The results obtained in this work highlight the importance of the locomotor signal in these structures, as well as the possibility of taking into account poorly preserved material, in particular the distal humerus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Jérémie Bardin
- CR2P-UMR 7207 MNHN-CNRS-Sorbonne Université, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - Brigitte Senut
- Département Origines & Evolution, CR2P-UMR 7207 MNHN-CNRS, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Decoupled Patterns of Diversity and Disparity Characterize an Ecologically Specialized Lineage of Neotropical Cricetids. Evol Biol 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s11692-022-09596-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
|
5
|
Morphological, Morphometric and Radiographic Studies on the Skull of Lesser Mole-Rats ( Nannospalax leucodon). MACEDONIAN VETERINARY REVIEW 2022. [DOI: 10.2478/macvetrev-2022-0025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Lesser mole-rats (Nannospalax leucodon) are members of the Rodentia order’s Spalacidae family, and they are found in Northeastern Africa, the Balkans, Southeastern Europe, Central Asia, the Middle East, and Caucasia. The shape of the skull has a significant impact on the phenotypic appearance of animal heads, and although many domestic species have been studied, there is a lack of evidence on the macro-anatomical characteristics of the skeletal system in mole-rats. The current research was focused on the morphological, morphometric, and radiographic properties of lesser mole-rats skull in Bosnia and Herzegovina. The research was conducted on five lesser mole-rats from Bjelasnica Mountain, Bosnia and Herzegovina. We compared the results of the previously published studies, and we found a lot of similarities between Nannospalax leucodon in Bosnia and Herzegovina and Nannospalax ehrenbergi in North Iraq, as well as the Nannospalax nehringi from Eastern Anatolia.
Collapse
|
6
|
Brito J, Tinoco N, Pinto CM, García R, Koch C, Fernandez V, Burneo S, Pardiñas UFJ. Unlocking Andean sigmodontine diversity: five new species of Chilomys (Rodentia: Cricetidae) from the montane forests of Ecuador. PeerJ 2022; 10:e13211. [PMID: 35462758 PMCID: PMC9029390 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.13211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The Andean cloud forests of Ecuador are home to several endemic mammals. Members of the Thomasomyini rodents are well represented in the Andes, with Thomasomys being the largest genus (47 species) of the subfamily Sigmodontinae. Within this tribe, however, there are genera that have escaped a taxonomic revision, and Chilomys Thomas, 1897, constitutes a paradigmatic example of these "forgotten" Andean cricetids. Described more than a century ago, current knowledge of this externally unmistakable montane rodent is very limited, and doubts persist as to whether or not it is monotypic. After several years of field efforts in Ecuador, a considerable quantity of specimens of Chilomys were collected from various localities representing both Andean chains. Based on an extensive genetic survey of the obtained material, we can demonstrate that what is currently treated as C. instans in Ecuador is a complex comprising at least five new species which are described in this paper. In addition, based on these noteworthy new evidence, we amend the generic diagnosis in detail, adding several key craniodental traits such as incisor procumbency and microdonty. These results indicate that Chilomys probably has a hidden additional diversity in large parts of the Colombian and Peruvian territories, inviting a necessary revision of the entire genus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Brito
- Sección de Mastozoología, Instituto Nacional de Biodiversidad (INABIO), Quito, Pichincha, Ecuador
| | - Nicolás Tinoco
- Sección de Mastozoología, Museo de Zoología, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador, Quito, Pichincha, Ecuador
| | - C. Miguel Pinto
- Observatorio de Biodiversidad Ambiente y Salud (OBBAS), Quito, Pichincha, Ecuador. Current address: Charles Darwin Research Station, Charles Darwin Foundation, Puerto Ayora, Galápagos, Ecuador
| | - Rubí García
- Sección de Mastozoología, Instituto Nacional de Biodiversidad (INABIO), Quito, Pichincha, Ecuador
| | - Claudia Koch
- Leibniz Institute for the Analysis of Biodiversity Change/Museum Koenig, Bonn, Germany
| | - Vincent Fernandez
- Imaging and Analysis Centre, Natural History Museum (NHM), London, United Kingdom
| | - Santiago Burneo
- Sección de Mastozoología, Museo de Zoología, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador, Quito, Pichincha, Ecuador
| | - Ulyses F. J. Pardiñas
- Sección de Mastozoología, Instituto Nacional de Biodiversidad (INABIO), Quito, Pichincha, Ecuador,Instituto de Diversidad y Evolución Austral (IDEAus – CONICET), Puerto Madryn, Chubut, Argentina
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Mitchell DR, Wroe S, Ravosa MJ, Menegaz RA. More Challenging Diets Sustain Feeding Performance: Applications Toward the Captive Rearing of Wildlife. Integr Org Biol 2021; 3:obab030. [PMID: 34888486 PMCID: PMC8653637 DOI: 10.1093/iob/obab030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Revised: 10/09/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The rescue and rehabilitation of young fauna is of substantial importance to conservation. However, it has been suggested that incongruous diets offered in captive environments may alter craniofacial morphology and hinder the success of reintroduced animals. Despite these claims, to what extent dietary variation throughout ontogeny impacts intrapopulation cranial biomechanics has not yet been tested. Here, finite element models were generated from the adult crania of 40 rats (n = 10 per group) that were reared on 4 different diet regimes and stress magnitudes compared during incisor bite simulations. The diets consisted of (1) exclusively hard pellets from weaning, (2) exclusively soft ground pellet meal from weaning, (3) a juvenile switch from pellets to meal, and (4) a juvenile switch from meal to pellets. We hypothesized that a diet of exclusively soft meal would result in the weakest adult skulls, represented by significantly greater stress magnitudes at the muzzle, palate, and zygomatic arch. Our hypothesis was supported at the muzzle and palate, indicating that a diet limited to soft food inhibits bone deposition throughout ontogeny. This finding presents a strong case for a more variable and challenging diet during development. However, rather than the "soft" diet group resulting in the weakest zygomatic arch as predicted, this region instead showed the highest stress among rats that switched as juveniles from hard pellets to soft meal. We attribute this to a potential reduction in number and activity of osteoblasts, as demonstrated in studies of sudden and prolonged disuse of bone. A shift to softer foods in captivity, during rehabilitation after injury in the wild for example, can therefore be detrimental to healthy development of the skull in some growing animals, potentially increasing the risk of injury and impacting the ability to access full ranges of wild foods upon release. We suggest captive diet plans consider not just nutritional requirements but also food mechanical properties when rearing wildlife to adulthood for reintroduction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- D Rex Mitchell
- Center for Anatomical Sciences, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX 76107, USA
| | - Stephen Wroe
- School of Environmental and Rural Science, University of New England, Armidale, NSW 2351, Australia
| | - Matthew J Ravosa
- Departments of Biological Sciences, Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering, and Anthropology, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA
| | - Rachel A Menegaz
- Center for Anatomical Sciences, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX 76107, USA
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Segura V, Flores D, Jayat P, Martin G. Evolutionary patterns of cranial ontogeny in Sigmodontines (Rodentia, Cricetidae). J ZOOL SYST EVOL RES 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/jzs.12530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Segura
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET) Buenos Aires Argentina
- Unidad Ejecutora Lillo Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas–Fundación Miguel Lillo San Miguel de Tucumán Argentina
| | - David Flores
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET) Buenos Aires Argentina
- Unidad Ejecutora Lillo Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas–Fundación Miguel Lillo San Miguel de Tucumán Argentina
- Instituto de Vertebrados Fundación Miguel Lillo San Miguel de Tucumán Argentina
| | - Pablo Jayat
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET) Buenos Aires Argentina
- Unidad Ejecutora Lillo Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas–Fundación Miguel Lillo San Miguel de Tucumán Argentina
| | - Gabriel Martin
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET) Buenos Aires Argentina
- Centro de Investigación Esquel de Montaña y Estepa Patagónica Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas‐Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia San Juan Bosco Esquel Argentina
- Laboratorio de Investigaciones en Evolución y Biodiversidad Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Ciencias de la Salud Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia San Juan Bosco Esquel Argentina
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Tavares WC, Coutinho LC, Oliveira JA. Locomotor habits and phenotypic evolution of the appendicular skeleton in the oryzomyalian radiation in the Neotropics (Sigmodontinae, Cricetidae, Rodentia). J ZOOL SYST EVOL RES 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/jzs.12551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- William Corrêa Tavares
- Núcleo Multidisciplinar de Pesquisa em Biologia—NUMPEX‐BIO Campus Duque de Caxias Professor Geraldo Cidade Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro Duque de Caxias Brazil
- Programa de Pós‐Graduação em Biodiversidade e Biologia Evolutiva Instituto de Biologia Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro Brazil
| | - Ludmilla Carvalho Coutinho
- Programa de Pós‐Graduação em Biodiversidade e Biologia Evolutiva Instituto de Biologia Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro Brazil
- Setor de Mastozoologia Departamento de Vertebrados Museu Nacional Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro Brazil
| | - João Alves Oliveira
- Programa de Pós‐Graduação em Biodiversidade e Biologia Evolutiva Instituto de Biologia Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro Brazil
- Setor de Mastozoologia Departamento de Vertebrados Museu Nacional Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Pardiñas UFJ, Curay J, Brito J, Cañón C. A unique cricetid experiment in the northern high-Andean Páramos deserves tribal recognition. J Mammal 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/jmammal/gyaa147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Abstract
While hypsodonty mostly is associated with medium to large body sizes in sigmodontine rodents, high-crowned molars combined with small bodies rarely are recorded. This latter condition is present in Neomicroxus (Sigmodontinae, incertae sedis), a genus of high-Andean cricetids also characterized by a noticeable set of cranial traits, including enlarged turbinals and rostrum, slanting zygomatic plate, and a marked backward displacement of the vertical ramus of the dentary, linked with an enlargement of the basicranial region. These morphological features, combined with the isolated position of this lineage in molecular-based phylogenies, indicate that Neomicroxus should be situated in a new tribe. We name and describe this Páramo novelty monotypic clade here. As a working hypothesis, the hypsodonty displayed by this group is considered an evolutionary response to continued volcanic ash falls that characterized the region during the Neogene. A reappraisal of tribe recognition within the two cricetid largest subfamilies, arvicolines and sigmodontines, is made, coupled with a discussion about the role of morphological convergence in “long-nose” cricetids.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ulyses F J Pardiñas
- Instituto de Diversidad y Evolución Austral (IDEAus–CONICET), Boulevard Brown, Puerto Madryn, Chubut, Argentina
- INABIO, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Jenny Curay
- Instituto Nacional de Biodiversidad (INABIO), Rumipamba 341 y Av. de los Shyris, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Jorge Brito
- Instituto Nacional de Biodiversidad (INABIO), Rumipamba 341 y Av. de los Shyris, Quito, Ecuador
| | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
Brandão MV, Percequillo AR, D’Elía G, Paresque R, Carmignotto AP. A new species of Akodon Meyen, 1833 (Rodentia: Cricetidae: Sigmodontinae) endemic from the Brazilian Cerrado. J Mammal 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/jmammal/gyaa126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Akodon is the second most diverse genus of sigmodontine rodents, comprising 40 extant species. Widely distributed through different environments of South America, the genus ranges from forested to open-vegetation areas, from semiarid to mesic regions, and from Andean altitudes to the lowlands of eastern Brazil. In Brazil, most species are from the Atlantic Forest, inhabiting lowland and montane habitats, with a few taxa also present in areas transitional with the Cerrado and Pantanal. Based on an integrative approach of genetics (cytogenetic and molecular data) and morphology (qualitative and quantitative external and craniodental data), we present in this contribution the hypothesis of a new species of Akodon based on specimens collected in the southwestern limit of the Cerrado domain, in the seasonally dry forests of the Serra da Bodoquena, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil. The new species was recovered as a distinct lineage sister to Akodon philipmyersi, a poorly known species from the Northern Campos grasslands of Misiones Province, Argentina, and can be distinguished from its congeners by its karyotype (2n = 40, FN = 40), morphology (morphometric, pelage, and skull characters), as well as by its degree of genetic divergence (above 7.5% in Cytb sequences). This new species is endemic to the Cerrado, one of the world’s biodiversity hotspots, and to Serra da Bodoquena, one of the top priority areas for conservation in Brazil. Moreover, the new species increases the number of lineages of Akodon in Brazil, emphasizing the richness and endemism currently found in the Cerrado domain, and the importance of the open formations to the diversification of Neotropical taxa.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marcus Vinicius Brandão
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Sistemática, Taxonomia Animal e Biodiversidade, Museu de Zoologia, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Nazaré, 481, Ipiranga São Paulo, SP, Brazil
- Laboratório de Mamíferos, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Escola Superior de Agricultura “Luiz de Queiroz”, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Pádua Dias, 11, Caixa Postal 9 Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
- Laboratório de Diversidade Animal, Departamento de Biologia, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Campus Sorocaba, Rodovia João Leme dos Santos, Km 110 (SP-264), Itinga Sorocaba, SP, Brazil
| | - Alexandre Reis Percequillo
- Laboratório de Mamíferos, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Escola Superior de Agricultura “Luiz de Queiroz”, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Pádua Dias, 11, Caixa Postal 9 Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
| | - Guillermo D’Elía
- Instituto de Ciencias Ambientales y Evolutivas, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Austral de Chile, campus Isla Teja, s/n, Valdivia, Chile
| | - Roberta Paresque
- Departamento de Ciências da Saúde, Centro Universitário Norte do Espírito Santo, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Av. Governador Mário Covas, s/n, Bairro Litorâneo São Mateus, ES, Brazil
| | - Ana Paula Carmignotto
- Laboratório de Diversidade Animal, Departamento de Biologia, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Campus Sorocaba, Rodovia João Leme dos Santos, Km 110 (SP-264), Itinga Sorocaba, SP, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Missagia RV, Patterson BD, Krentzel D, Perini FA. Insectivory leads to functional convergence in a group of Neotropical rodents. J Evol Biol 2020; 34:391-402. [PMID: 33617138 DOI: 10.1111/jeb.13748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2020] [Revised: 11/23/2020] [Accepted: 11/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The mandible of vertebrates serves as insertion area for masticatory muscles that originate on the skull, and its functional properties are subject to selective forces related to trophic ecology. The efficiency of masticatory muscles can be measured as mechanical advantage on the mandible, which, in turn, has the property of correlating with bite force and shape. In the present work, we quantify the mechanical advantage of the mandible of akodontine rodents, which present a diverse radiation of insectivorous specialists, to assess their relationship to the estimated bite force and diet. We also tested the degree of morphofunctional convergence in response to insectivory on the group. We found the mechanical advantages to be convergent on insectivorous species, and associated with the estimated bite force, with higher mechanical advantages in species with a stronger bite and short, robust mandibles and lower mechanical advantages in insectivorous species with weaker bites and more elongated, dorso-ventrally compressed mandibles. Insectivorous species of Akodontini are functional specialists for the consumption of live prey and may exploit the resources that shrews, moles and hedgehogs consume elsewhere.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rafaela V Missagia
- PPG - Zoologia/Departamento de Zoologia - Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.,Negaunee Integrative Research Center, Field Museum of Natural History, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Bruce D Patterson
- Negaunee Integrative Research Center, Field Museum of Natural History, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Dallas Krentzel
- Negaunee Integrative Research Center, Field Museum of Natural History, Chicago, IL, USA.,Department of Biology, Loyola University Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Fernando A Perini
- PPG - Zoologia/Departamento de Zoologia - Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
de Souza Araújo Adão B, Travenzoli NM, Côrtes FM, Svartman M, Dergam JA, Lessa G. Intrapopulation karyotypic and cranial characterization of Blarinomys breviceps (Rodentia: Sigmodontinae) from Minas Gerais, Brazil. ZOOL ANZ 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcz.2020.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
|