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Matadamas-Ortiz A, Pérez-Robles JF, Reynoso-Camacho R, Amaya-Llano SL, Amaro-Reyes A, Di Pierro P, Regalado-González C. Effect of Amine, Carboxyl, or Thiol Functionalization of Mesoporous Silica Particles on Their Efficiency as a Quercetin Delivery System in Simulated Gastrointestinal Conditions. Foods 2024; 13:1208. [PMID: 38672881 PMCID: PMC11048906 DOI: 10.3390/foods13081208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2024] [Revised: 04/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Quercetin (Q) dietary supplements exhibit poor oral bioavailability because of degradation throughout gastrointestinal digestion (GD), which may be overcome using mesoporous silica particles (MSPs) as an oral delivery system (ODS). This study aimed to elucidate the effect of the functionalization of MSPs with amine-(A-MSP), carboxyl-(C-MSP), or thiol-(T-MSP) groups on their efficiency as a quercetin ODS (QODS). The type and degree of functionalization (DF) were used as factors in an experimental design. The Q-loaded F-MSP (F-MSP/Q) was characterized by gas physisorption analysis, loading capacity (LC), and dynamic light scattering and kinetics of Q release at gastric and intestinal pHs. Antioxidant capacity and Q concentration of media containing F-MSP/Q were evaluated after simulated GD. A-MSP showed the highest LC (19.79 ± 2.42%). C-MSP showed the lowest particle size at pH 1.5 or 7.4 (≈200 nm). T-MSP exhibited the maximum Q release at pH 7.4 (11.43%). High DF of A-MSP increased Q retention, regardless of pH. A-MSP preserved antioxidant capacity of Q-released gastric media (58.95 ± 3.34%). Nonetheless, MSP and F-MSP did not protect antioxidant properties of Q released in intestinal conditions. C-MSP and T-MSP showed essential features for cellular uptake and Q release within cells that need to be assessed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexis Matadamas-Ortiz
- Departamento de Investigación y Posgrado en Alimentos, Facultad de Química, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, C.U., Cerro de las Campanas s/n, Col., Las Campanas, Querétaro 76010, Qro., Mexico; (A.M.-O.); (R.R.-C.); (S.L.A.-L.); (A.A.-R.)
| | - Juan F. Pérez-Robles
- Unidad Querétaro, Centro de Investigación y Estudios Avanzados del IPN, CINVESTAV, Libramiento Norponiente No. 2000, Fracc. Real de Juriquilla, Querétaro 76230, Qro., Mexico;
| | - Rosalía Reynoso-Camacho
- Departamento de Investigación y Posgrado en Alimentos, Facultad de Química, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, C.U., Cerro de las Campanas s/n, Col., Las Campanas, Querétaro 76010, Qro., Mexico; (A.M.-O.); (R.R.-C.); (S.L.A.-L.); (A.A.-R.)
| | - Silvia L. Amaya-Llano
- Departamento de Investigación y Posgrado en Alimentos, Facultad de Química, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, C.U., Cerro de las Campanas s/n, Col., Las Campanas, Querétaro 76010, Qro., Mexico; (A.M.-O.); (R.R.-C.); (S.L.A.-L.); (A.A.-R.)
| | - Aldo Amaro-Reyes
- Departamento de Investigación y Posgrado en Alimentos, Facultad de Química, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, C.U., Cerro de las Campanas s/n, Col., Las Campanas, Querétaro 76010, Qro., Mexico; (A.M.-O.); (R.R.-C.); (S.L.A.-L.); (A.A.-R.)
| | - Prospero Di Pierro
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Via Università 100, 80055 Portici, Italy;
| | - Carlos Regalado-González
- Departamento de Investigación y Posgrado en Alimentos, Facultad de Química, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, C.U., Cerro de las Campanas s/n, Col., Las Campanas, Querétaro 76010, Qro., Mexico; (A.M.-O.); (R.R.-C.); (S.L.A.-L.); (A.A.-R.)
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Mesoporous Silica-Bioglass Composite Pellets as Bone Drug Delivery System with Mineralization Potential. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22094708. [PMID: 33946793 PMCID: PMC8124432 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22094708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
For decades, local bone drug delivery systems have been investigated in terms of their application in regenerative medicine. Among them, inorganic polymers based on amorphous silica have been widely explored. In this work, we combined two types of amorphous silica: bioglass and doxycycline-loaded mesoporous silica MCM-41 into the form of spherical granules (pellets) as a bifunctional bone drug delivery system. Both types of silica were obtained in a sol-gel method. The drug adsorption onto the MCM-41 was performed via adsorption from concentrated doxycycline hydrochloride solution. Pellets were obtained on a laboratory scale using the wet granulation-extrusion-spheronization method and investigated in terms of physical properties, drug release, antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus, mineralization properties in simulated body fluid, and cytotoxicity towards human osteoblasts. The obtained pellets were characterized by satisfactory mechanical properties which eliminated the risk of pellets cracking during further investigations. The biphasic drug release from pellets was observed: burst stage (44% of adsorbed drug released within the first day) followed by prolonged release with zero-order kinetics (estimated time of complete drug release was 19 days) with maintained antimicrobial activity. The progressive biomimetic apatite formation on the surface of the pellets was observed. No cytotoxic effect of pellets towards human osteoblasts was noticed.
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Real-Time Tracking of Highly Luminescent Mesoporous Silica Particles Modified with Europium β-Diketone Chelates in Living Cells. NANOMATERIALS 2021; 11:nano11020343. [PMID: 33573005 PMCID: PMC7919370 DOI: 10.3390/nano11020343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2021] [Revised: 01/24/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Highly luminescent europium complexes modified mesoporous silica particles (MSP) were synthesized as an imaging probes for both in-vitro diagnostic and in-vivo cellular tracking agents. Europium β-diketone chelates (4,4,4-trifluoro-l-(2-thienyl)-l,3-butanedione) trioctylphosphine europium (III) (Eu(TTA)3(P(Oct)3)3) were incorporated inside the nanocavities that existed in hierarchical MSP (Eu@MSP). The MSP and Eu@MSP on mouse bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs) did not show any toxic effect. The MSP and Eu@MSP in the BMDMs were found at cytoplasm without any degradation and immunogenicity. However, both pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines of macrophages were significantly increased when lipopolysaccharide and a high concentration (100 μg/mL) of MSP and Eu@MSP were treated simultaneously.
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