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Chen X, Xiong J, Li HJ. A Review on the Driving Forces in the Formation of Bioactive Molecules-Loaded Prolamin-Based Particles. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024; 72:19549-19565. [PMID: 39186464 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.4c04372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/28/2024]
Abstract
Prolamin-based particles loaded with bioactive molecules have attracted widespread attention from scientists due to their novel properties in chemistry, physics, and biology. In the self-assembly process of biopolymer-based nanocapsules, noncovalent interactions are the main driving forces for reducing bulk materials to the nanoscale and controlling the release of bioactive molecules. This article reviews the types of interaction forces, binding strength, binding active sites, molecular orientation, and binding affinity that affect the release profile of bioactive molecules during the preparation of protein stabilizer particles. Different preparation formulations, the use of different biopolymers, the inherent nature of the loaded bioactive molecules, and external factors (including pH, biopolymer concentration, temperature, salt, ultrasonication, and atmospheric cold plasma treatment) lead to different types and strengths of intra- and intermolecular interactions. Strategies, such as pH, ultrasonication, and atmospheric cold plasma, to change the protein conformation are key to improving the binding strength between proteins and bioactive substances or stabilizers. This review provides some guidance for scientists and technicians dedicated to improving loading efficiency, delaying release, enhancing colloidal stability, and exploring the binding behavior among proteins, stabilizers, and bioactive molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Chen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150006, PR China
| | - Jia Xiong
- Plants for Human Health Institute, North Carolina State University, Kannapolis, North Carolina 28081, United States
| | - Hui-Jing Li
- Weihai Marine Organism and Medical Technology Research Institute, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150006, PR China
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Naguib GH, Abd El-Aziz GS, Mira A, Kayal RA, Al-Turki L, Mously H, Alnowaiser A, Mazhar J, Hamed MT. Enhanced Antimicrobial Properties of Polymeric Denture Materials Modified with Zein-Coated Inorganic Nanoparticles. Int J Nanomedicine 2024; 19:9255-9271. [PMID: 39282577 PMCID: PMC11397330 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s476261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2024] [Accepted: 08/31/2024] [Indexed: 09/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Polymeric denture materials can be susceptible to colonization by oral microorganisms. Zein-coated magnesium oxide nanoparticles (zMgO NPs) demonstrate antimicrobial activity. The aim of this study was to investigate the antimicrobial effect and adherence of different oral microorganisms on hybrid polymeric denture materials incorporated with zMgO NPs. Methods Five types of polymeric denture materials were used. A total of 480 disc-shaped specimens were divided by material type (n=96/grp), then subdivided by zMgO NPs concentration: control with no nanoparticles and other groups with zMgO NPs concentrations of 0.3%, 0.5% and 1% by weight. Characterization of the polymeric denture materials incorporating zMgO NPs was done, and the antimicrobial activity of all groups was tested against four types of microorganisms: 1) Streptococcus mutans, 2) Staphylococcus aureus, 3) Enterococcus faecalis and 4) Candida albicans. The samples underwent an adherence test and an agar diffusion test. Experiments were done in triplicates. Results The characterization of the hybrid samples revealed variation in the molecular composition, as well as a uniform distribution of the zMgO NPs in the polymeric denture materials. All hybrid polymeric denture materials groups induced a statistically significant antimicrobial activity, while the control groups showed the least antimicrobial activity. The agar diffusion test revealed no release of the zMgO NPs from the hybrid samples, indicating the NPs did not seep out of the matrix. Conclusion The zMgO NPs were effective in reducing the adherence of the tested microorganisms and enhancing the antimicrobial activity of the polymeric denture materials. This antimicrobial effect with the polymeric dentures could aid in resisting microbial issues such as denture stomatitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghada H Naguib
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Oral Biology, Cairo University School of Dentistry, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Gamal S Abd El-Aziz
- Department of Clinical Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulghani Mira
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rayyan A Kayal
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Lulwa Al-Turki
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hisham Mously
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abeer Alnowaiser
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Mohamed T Hamed
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Fixed Prosthodontics, Cairo University School of Dentistry, Cairo, Egypt
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Alsakhawy SA, Baghdadi HH, El-Shenawy MA, El-Hosseiny LS. Enhancement of lemongrass essential oil physicochemical properties and antibacterial activity by encapsulation in zein-caseinate nanocomposite. Sci Rep 2024; 14:17278. [PMID: 39068244 PMCID: PMC11283490 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-67273-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2024] [Accepted: 07/09/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Essential oils (EOs) represent a pivotal source for developing potent antimicrobial drugs. However, EOs have seldom found their way to the pharmaceutical market due to their instability and low bioavailability. Nanoencapsulation is an auspicious strategy that may circumvent these limitations. In the current study, lemongrass essential oil (LGO) was encapsulated in zein-sodium caseinate nanoparticles (Z-NaCAS NPs). The fabricated nanocomposite was characterized using dynamic light scattering, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, and transmission electron microscopy. The antimicrobial activity of LGO loaded NPs was assessed in comparison to free LGO against Staphylococcus epidermidis, Enterococcus faecalis, Escherichia coli, and Klebsiella pneumoniae. Furthermore, their antibacterial mechanism was examined by alkaline phosphatase, lactate dehydrogenase, bacterial DNA and protein assays, and scanning electron microscopy. Results confirmed the successful encapsulation of LGO with particle size of 243 nm, zeta potential of - 32 mV, and encapsulation efficiency of 84.7%. Additionally, the encapsulated LGO showed an enhanced thermal stability and a sustained release pattern. Furthermore, LGO loaded NPs exhibited substantial antibacterial activity, with a significant 2 to 4 fold increase in cell wall permeability and intracellular enzymes leakage versus free LGO. Accordingly, nanoencapsulation in Z-NaCAS NPs improved LGO physicochemical and antimicrobial properties, expanding their scope of pharmaceutical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara A Alsakhawy
- Department of Environmental Studies, Institute of Graduate Studies and Research, Alexandria University, Alexandria, 21526, Egypt.
| | - Hoda H Baghdadi
- Department of Environmental Studies, Institute of Graduate Studies and Research, Alexandria University, Alexandria, 21526, Egypt
| | - Moustafa A El-Shenawy
- Department of Food Microbiology, National Research Center, Dokki, Cairo, 12311, Egypt
| | - Lobna S El-Hosseiny
- Department of Environmental Studies, Institute of Graduate Studies and Research, Alexandria University, Alexandria, 21526, Egypt
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Wang Y, Lin J, Fu H, Yu B, Zhang G, Hu Y, Xu FJ. A Janus Gelatin Sponge with a Procoagulant Nanoparticle-Embedded Surface for Coagulopathic Hemostasis. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:353-363. [PMID: 38148331 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c15517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2023]
Abstract
Apart from the wide and safe application of natural polymer-based hemostatic materials/devices, it is still desirable to develop new types of hemostatic materials that can achieve both potent coagulopathic hemostasis and a facile preparation process. In this work, one Janus gelatin sponge (J-ZGS) is readily constructed for both coagulation-dependent and coagulopathic hemostasis by embedding zein nanoparticles on the surface of a self-prepared gelatin sponge (S-GS): zein nanoparticles were facilely prepared by an antisolvent method to achieve procoagulant blood-material interactions, while S-GS was prepared by freeze-drying a foaming gelatin solution. Due to the distinct secondary structure, the optimal zein nanoparticles possessed a higher in vitro hemostatic property than the pristine zein powder and other nanoparticles, the underlying mechanism of which was revealed as the superior RBC/platelet adhesion property in the presence/absence of plasma proteins. Compared with S-GS and a commercial gelatin sponge, J-ZGS achieved a significantly higher in vitro hemostatic property and similarly good blood compatibility/cytocompatibility. Moreover, in vivo artery-injury models confirmed the outstanding hemostatic performance of J-ZGS under both coagulation-dependent and coagulopathic conditions. Our work offers an appealing approach for developing potent hemostatic sponges from natural polymer-based nanoparticles that could be further extended to versatile hemostatic materials for coagulopathic hemostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Wang
- Key Lab of Biomedical Materials of Natural Macromolecules (Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Ministry of Education), Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, P.R. China
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, P.R. China
| | - Jie Lin
- Key Lab of Biomedical Materials of Natural Macromolecules (Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Ministry of Education), Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, P.R. China
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, P.R. China
| | - Hao Fu
- Key Lab of Biomedical Materials of Natural Macromolecules (Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Ministry of Education), Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, P.R. China
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, P.R. China
| | - Bingran Yu
- Key Lab of Biomedical Materials of Natural Macromolecules (Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Ministry of Education), Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, P.R. China
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, P.R. China
| | - Guochao Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing 100029, P.R. China
| | - Yang Hu
- Key Lab of Biomedical Materials of Natural Macromolecules (Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Ministry of Education), Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, P.R. China
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, P.R. China
| | - Fu-Jian Xu
- Key Lab of Biomedical Materials of Natural Macromolecules (Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Ministry of Education), Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, P.R. China
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, P.R. China
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Adel S, Fahmy RH, Elsayed I, Mohamed MI, Ibrahim RR. Fabrication and optimization of itraconazole-loaded zein-based nanoparticles in coated capsules as a promising colon-targeting approach pursuing opportunistic fungal infections. Drug Deliv Transl Res 2023; 13:2982-3002. [PMID: 37270444 PMCID: PMC10624751 DOI: 10.1007/s13346-023-01365-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Itraconazole (ITZ), a broad-spectrum antifungal drug, was formulated into colon-targeting system aiming to treat opportunistic colonic fungal infections that commonly infect chronic inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) patients due to immunosuppressive therapy. Antisolvent precipitation technique was employed to formulate ITZ-loaded zein nanoparticles (ITZ-ZNPs) using various zein: drug and aqueous:organic phase ratios. Central composite face-centered design (CCFD) was used for statistical analysis and optimization. The optimized formulation was composed of 5.5:1 zein:drug ratio and 9.5:1 aqueous:organic phase ratio with its observed particle size, polydispersity index, zeta potential, and entrapment efficiency of 208 ± 4.29 nm, 0.35 ± 0.04, 35.7 ± 1.65 mV, and 66.78 ± 3.89%, respectively. ITZ-ZNPs were imaged by TEM that revealed spherical core-shell structure, and DSC proved ITZ transformation from crystalline to amorphous form. FT-IR showed coupling of zein NH group with ITZ carbonyl group without affecting ITZ antifungal activity as confirmed by antifungal activity test that showed enhanced activity of ITZ-ZNPs over the pure drug. Histopathological examination and cytotoxicity tests ensured biosafety and tolerance of ITZ-ZNPs to the colon tissue. The optimized formulation was then loaded into Eudragit S100-coated capsules and both in vitro release and in vivo X-ray imaging confirmed the success of such coated capsules in protecting ITZ from the release in stomach and intestine while targeting ITZ to the colon. The study proved that ITZ-ZNPs is promising and safe nanoparticulate system that can protect ITZ throughout the GIT and targeting its release to the colon with effectual focused local action for the treatment of colon fungal infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shery Adel
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ahram Canadian University, 6th of October City, Egypt
| | - Rania H Fahmy
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ahram Canadian University, 6th of October City, Egypt.
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El-Aini Street, Cairo, 11562, Egypt.
| | - Ibrahim Elsayed
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El-Aini Street, Cairo, 11562, Egypt
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Thumbay Research Institute for Precision Medicine, Gulf Medical University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates
| | - Magdy I Mohamed
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El-Aini Street, Cairo, 11562, Egypt
| | - Reem R Ibrahim
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ahram Canadian University, 6th of October City, Egypt
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Helwan University, Ain Helwan, Egypt
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Albogamy NTS, Aboushoushah SF, Aljoud F, Organji H, Elbialy NS. Preparation and characterization of dextran-zein-curcumin nanoconjugate for enhancement of curcumin bioactivity. JOURNAL OF BIOMATERIALS SCIENCE. POLYMER EDITION 2023; 34:1891-1910. [PMID: 37000910 DOI: 10.1080/09205063.2023.2198389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023]
Abstract
Curcumin is one of the most important polyphenolic nutrients in pharmaceutical industries. Unfortunately, its poor solubility and bioavailability have hampered its clinical application. To improve curcumin solubility and bioavailability, a natural nanocarrier made from protein-polysaccharide conjugate has been developed. Following antisolvent precipitation method, zein (Z) nanoparticles coated with dextran sulphate (DS) have been fabricated as curcumin (C) nanocarrier (DSZCNPs). The physicochemical properties of the nanoconjugate were measured using different techniques. Morphologically, DSZCNPs appeared spherical and monodispersed in scanning electron microscope (SEM) and transmission electron microscope (TEM) images. Curcumin encapsulation efficiency was ≈ 96%. DSZCNPs size was 180 nm and the polydispersity index value (PDI) 0.28. Zeta potential for DSZCNPs was -28.5 mV. DSZCNPs showed stability either for shelf storage (100 days) or at different pHs. Furthermore, DSZCNPs protected zein nanoparticles degradation in gastric environment and achieved controlled curcumin release in intestinal environment. DSZCNPs greatly enhanced the antioxidant activity of curcumin as demonstrated by DPPH assay. DSZCNPs had significant results in the reduction of colony forming unit (CFU%) against the tested microbes when compared with free curcumin. Also, the anticancer activity of DSZCNPs and free curcumin against hepatocellular carcinoma cells (HepG2) were assessed by MTT assay. IC50 for DSZCNPs was 13 µg/ml compared to 50 µg/ml for free curcumin indicating the therapeutic impact of DSZCNPs over free curcumin.Based on the above results, the developed zein-dextran nanocomplex exhibited high stability and improved the efficacy and bioactivity of curcumin suggesting its potential utility as nanovehicle for the hydrophobic drug curcumin.
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Affiliation(s)
- N T S Albogamy
- Medical Physics Program, Physics Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Physics Department, University College-Taraba, Taif University, Turbah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Samia F Aboushoushah
- Medical Physics Program, Physics Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - F Aljoud
- Regenerative Medicine Unit-KFMRC, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - H Organji
- Centre of Excellence in Desalination Technology, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nihal S Elbialy
- Biophysics Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
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Hayat U, Liu C, Raza A, Hou J, Jia C, Wang JY. In vitro/ in vivoidentification of zein degraded peptides using HPLC-MS/MS and their safety evaluation. Biomed Mater 2023; 18. [PMID: 36649654 DOI: 10.1088/1748-605x/acb411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
The identification of degraded products of implanted scaffolds is desirable to avoid regulatory concerns.In vivoidentification of products produced by the degradation of natural protein-based scaffolds is complex and demands the establishment of a routine analytical method. In this study, we developed a method for the identification of peptides produced by the degradation of zein bothin vitroandin vivousing high performance liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS). Forin vitroexperiments, zein was degraded enzymatically and analyzed produced peptides.In vitrostudy showed cytocompatibility of peptides present in the hydrolysate of zein with no induction of apoptosis and cell senescence. Forin vivoexperiment, zein gels were prepared and subcutaneously implanted in rats. Peptides produced by the degradation of zein were identified and few were selected as targeted (unique peptides) and two peptides were synthesized as the reference sequence of these peptides. Further, peptide analysis using HPLC-MS/MS of different organs was performed after 2 and 8 weeks of implantation of zein gel in rats. It was found that zein-originated peptides were accumulated in different organs. QQHIIGGALF or peptides with same fractions were identified as unique peptides. These peptides were also found in control rats with regular rat feed, which means the degradation of implanted zein biomaterial produced food related peptides of non-toxic nature. Furthermore, hemotoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining exhibited normal features. Overall, zein degraded products showed cytocompatibility and did not induce organ toxicity, and QQHIIGGALF can act as a standard peptide for tracing and determining zein degradation. The study also provides the feasibility of complex analysis on identification and quantification of degradation products of protein-based scaffolds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uzma Hayat
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, People's Republic of China.,Jiaxing Yaojiao Medical Device Co. Ltd, 321 Jiachuang Road, Jiaxing 314032, People's Republic of China
| | - Chang Liu
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, People's Republic of China
| | - Ali Raza
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingli Hou
- Instrumental Analysis Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, People's Republic of China
| | - Caiwei Jia
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, People's Republic of China
| | - Jin-Ye Wang
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, People's Republic of China.,Jiaxing Yaojiao Medical Device Co. Ltd, 321 Jiachuang Road, Jiaxing 314032, People's Republic of China
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Alharbi HM, Alqahtani T, Batubara A, Alshaer A, Alqurashi B, Bahwairth L, Khawaji H, Almohammadi AM. Enhancing the Dissolution of Oral Dasatinib Tablets Using Zein–Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose Solid Dispersions. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL RESEARCH AND ALLIED SCIENCES 2023. [DOI: 10.51847/crbi2n6klg] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/19/2023]
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Li W, Zhang X, Tan S, Li X, Gu M, Tang M, Zhao X, Wu Y. Zein enhanced the digestive stability of five citrus flavonoids via different binding interaction. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2022; 102:4780-4790. [PMID: 35218206 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.11838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2021] [Revised: 01/03/2022] [Accepted: 02/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Zein is commonly used to construct food flavonoid delivery systems. This study investigated the effect and mechanism of zein on the digestive stability of five citrus flavonoids, namely hesperetin (HET), hesperidin (HED), neohesperidin (NHD), naringenin (NEN), and naringin (NIN). RESULTS Zein enhanced the digestive stability of the five citrus flavonoids, especially that of HET and NEN, during digestion in the stomach and small intestine. Fluorescence spectroscopy results suggested that citrus flavonoids spontaneously quenched the endogenous fluorescence of zein in static quenching mode. The binding of HET, HED and NHD to zein was driven respectively by electrostatic, hydrophobic and electrostatic interaction. However, Van der Waals' force and hydrogen (H)-bond interaction represented the primary driving force for binding NEN, and NIN to zein to form complexes. The binding of the five citrus flavonoids to zein also caused a diverse bathochromic shift in ultraviolet absorbance. Analysis using Fourier-transform infrared and Raman spectroscopy revealed that the binding behavior of the five citrus flavonoids had different effects on changes in the secondary structures, disulfide bonds, and tyrosine exposure of zein. The results were also partially verified by molecular dynamic simulation. CONCLUSIONS Zein enhanced the digestive stability of the five citrus flavonoids via different binding interactions that was due to the difference in molecular structure of citrus flavonoids. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenfeng Li
- School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yangtze Normal University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaohua Zhang
- School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yangtze Normal University, Chongqing, China
| | - Si Tan
- School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yangtze Normal University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xueping Li
- School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yangtze Normal University, Chongqing, China
| | - Mengyuan Gu
- School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yangtze Normal University, Chongqing, China
| | - Mengqi Tang
- School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yangtze Normal University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xin Zhao
- Chongqing Collaborative Innovation Center for Functional Food, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing, China
| | - Yingmei Wu
- The Chongqing Engineering Laboratory for Green Cultivation and Deep Processing of the Three Gorges Reservoir Area's Medicinal Herbs, College of Biology and Food Engineering, Chongqing Three Gorges University, Chongqing, China
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Zhou C, Zhao T, Chen L, Yagoub AEA, Chen H, Yu X. Effect of dialysate type on ultrasound-assisted self-assembly Zein nanocomplexes: Fabrication, characterization, and physicochemical stability. Food Res Int 2022; 162:111812. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2022.111812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2022] [Revised: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Alkilani AZ, Nasereddin J, Hamed R, Nimrawi S, Hussein G, Abo-Zour H, Donnelly RF. Beneath the Skin: A Review of Current Trends and Future Prospects of Transdermal Drug Delivery Systems. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:1152. [PMID: 35745725 PMCID: PMC9231212 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14061152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Revised: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The ideal drug delivery system has a bioavailability comparable to parenteral dosage forms but is as convenient and easy to use for the patient as oral solid dosage forms. In recent years, there has been increased interest in transdermal drug delivery (TDD) as a non-invasive delivery approach that is generally regarded as being easy to administer to more vulnerable age groups, such as paediatric and geriatric patients, while avoiding certain bioavailability concerns that arise from oral drug delivery due to poor absorbability and metabolism concerns. However, despite its many merits, TDD remains restricted to a select few drugs. The physiology of the skin poses a barrier against the feasible delivery of many drugs, limiting its applicability to only those drugs that possess physicochemical properties allowing them to be successfully delivered transdermally. Several techniques have been developed to enhance the transdermal permeability of drugs. Both chemical (e.g., thermal and mechanical) and passive (vesicle, nanoparticle, nanoemulsion, solid dispersion, and nanocrystal) techniques have been investigated to enhance the permeability of drug substances across the skin. Furthermore, hybrid approaches combining chemical penetration enhancement technologies with physical technologies are being intensively researched to improve the skin permeation of drug substances. This review aims to summarize recent trends in TDD approaches and discuss the merits and drawbacks of the various chemical, physical, and hybrid approaches currently being investigated for improving drug permeability across the skin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahlam Zaid Alkilani
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zarqa University, Zarqa 13110, Jordan; (J.N.); (S.N.); (G.H.); (H.A.-Z.)
| | - Jehad Nasereddin
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zarqa University, Zarqa 13110, Jordan; (J.N.); (S.N.); (G.H.); (H.A.-Z.)
| | - Rania Hamed
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Zaytoonah University of Jordan, Amman 11733, Jordan;
| | - Sukaina Nimrawi
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zarqa University, Zarqa 13110, Jordan; (J.N.); (S.N.); (G.H.); (H.A.-Z.)
| | - Ghaid Hussein
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zarqa University, Zarqa 13110, Jordan; (J.N.); (S.N.); (G.H.); (H.A.-Z.)
| | - Hadeel Abo-Zour
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zarqa University, Zarqa 13110, Jordan; (J.N.); (S.N.); (G.H.); (H.A.-Z.)
| | - Ryan F. Donnelly
- Medical Biology Centre, School of Pharmacy, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast BT7 1NN, UK;
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De Marco I. Zein Microparticles and Nanoparticles as Drug Delivery Systems. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14112172. [PMID: 35683844 PMCID: PMC9182932 DOI: 10.3390/polym14112172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Zein is a natural, biocompatible, and biodegradable polymer widely used in the pharmaceutical, biomedical, and packaging fields because of its low water vapor permeability, antibacterial activity, and hydrophobicity. It is a vegetal protein extracted from renewable resources (it is the major storage protein from corn). There has been growing attention to producing zein-based drug delivery systems in the recent years. Being a hydrophobic biopolymer, it is used in the controlled and targeted delivery of active principles. This review examines the present-day landscape of zein-based microparticles and nanoparticles, focusing on the different techniques used to obtain particles, the optimization of process parameters, advantages, disadvantages, and final applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iolanda De Marco
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II, 132, 84084 Fisciano, Salerno, Italy
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Guan T, Zhang Z, Li X, Cui S, McClements DJ, Wu X, Chen L, Long J, Jiao A, Qiu C, Jin Z. Preparation, Characteristics, and Advantages of Plant Protein-Based Bioactive Molecule Delivery Systems. Foods 2022; 11:foods11111562. [PMID: 35681312 PMCID: PMC9180007 DOI: 10.3390/foods11111562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Revised: 05/14/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
As a renewable resource, the market trend of plant protein has increased significantly in recent years. Compared with animal protein, plant protein production has strong sustainability factors and a lower environmental impact. Many bioactive substances have poor stability, and poor absorption effects limit their application in food. Plant protein-based carriers could improve the water solubility, stability, and bioavailability of bioactive substances by different types of delivery systems. In this review, we present a detailed and concise summary of the effects and advantages of various plant protein-based carriers in the encapsulation, protection, and delivery of bioactive substances. Furthermore, the research progress of food-grade bioactive ingredient delivery systems based on plant protein preparation in recent years is summarized, and some current challenges and future research priorities are highlighted. There are some key findings and conclusions: (i) plant proteins have numerous functions: as carriers for transportation systems, a shell or core of a system, or food ingredients; (ii) plant protein-based carriers could improve the water solubility, stability, and bioavailability of bioactive substances by different types of delivery systems; and (iii) plant protein-based carriers stabilize bioactive substances with potential applications in the food and nutrition fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tongwei Guan
- College of Food & Bioengineering, Xihua University, Chengdu 610039, China; (T.G.); (X.W.)
| | - Zhiheng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; (Z.Z.); (L.C.); (J.L.); (A.J.); (C.Q.)
| | - Xiaojing Li
- College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China;
| | - Shaoning Cui
- Department of Food, Yantai Nanshan University, Yantai 264005, China;
| | | | - Xiaotian Wu
- College of Food & Bioengineering, Xihua University, Chengdu 610039, China; (T.G.); (X.W.)
| | - Long Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; (Z.Z.); (L.C.); (J.L.); (A.J.); (C.Q.)
| | - Jie Long
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; (Z.Z.); (L.C.); (J.L.); (A.J.); (C.Q.)
| | - Aiquan Jiao
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; (Z.Z.); (L.C.); (J.L.); (A.J.); (C.Q.)
| | - Chao Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; (Z.Z.); (L.C.); (J.L.); (A.J.); (C.Q.)
| | - Zhengyu Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; (Z.Z.); (L.C.); (J.L.); (A.J.); (C.Q.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-5108-5327-006
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14
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Silk-based nano-hydrogels for futuristic biomedical applications. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2022.103385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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15
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Smruthi MR, Nallamuthu I, Anand T. A comparative study of optimized naringenin nanoformulations using nano-carriers (PLA/PVA and zein/pectin) for improvement of bioavailability. Food Chem 2022; 369:130950. [PMID: 34474288 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.130950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Revised: 07/28/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Naringenin, a lipophilic flavanone of citrus fruits, was encapsulated for enhanced bioavailability using biodegradable polymers of polylactic acid/polyvinyl alcohol (PLA/PVA) as well as zein/pectin as P/P-Nar-NPs and Z/P-Nar-NPs, respectively. The formulation variables were optimized using response surface methodology to achieve smaller particle size with higher surface charge and encapsulation efficiencies. The optimized formulations were physically characterized by SEM, FTIR, TGA and XRD techniques. Compared to Z/P-Nar-NPs, the P/P-Nar-NPs had better encapsulation efficiency and sustained release of naringenin under simulated gastrointestinal conditions. Furthermore, the oral administration of single dose of free and nanoforms of naringenin in rats (90 mg/kg b.wt) showed higher efficacy of PLA/PVA in improving the relative bioavailability of naringenin (4.7-fold) as compared to the zein/pectin polymer (1.9-fold). Overall, the present study provides insights into the formulation performance of the encapsulated bioactive compound under different polymeric matrices.
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Affiliation(s)
- M R Smruthi
- Nutrition, Biochemistry and Toxicology Division, Defence Food Research Laboratory (DRDO-DFRL), Mysore 570011, India
| | - Ilaiyaraja Nallamuthu
- Nutrition, Biochemistry and Toxicology Division, Defence Food Research Laboratory (DRDO-DFRL), Mysore 570011, India.
| | - T Anand
- Nutrition, Biochemistry and Toxicology Division, Defence Food Research Laboratory (DRDO-DFRL), Mysore 570011, India
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16
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Zhang X, Wei Z, Xue C. Physicochemical properties of fucoidan and its applications as building blocks of nutraceutical delivery systems. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2022; 62:8935-8953. [PMID: 34132606 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2021.1937042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Many bioactive ingredients with health effects such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective possess low bioavailability due to poor solubility and sensitivity. Fucoidan is an ideal material for encapsulating bioactive ingredients because of its unique physicochemical and biological properties, which can improve the function and application of bioactive ingredients. Nevertheless, there is still a lack of review about the physicochemical properties as well as functionalities of fucoidan and the application of fucoidan-based delivery systems in functional food. Hence, in this review, recent advances on the structure, chemical modification, physicochemical properties and biological activity of fucoidan are summarized. This review systematacially describes the recent update on the fucoidan as a wall material for delivering nutraceuticals with a broad discussion on various types of delivery systems ranging from nanoparticles, nanoparticle/bead complexes, emulsions, edible films, nanocapsules and hydrogels. Futhermore, the technical scientific issues of the application of fucoidan in the field of food are emphasized. On the basis of more comprehensive and deeper understandings, the review ends with a concluding remark on future directions of fucoidan-based delivery systems for purposes. Novel fucoidan-based delivery systems such as aerogels, Pickering emulsions, emulsion-filled-hydrogels, liposomes-in-fucoidan, co-delivery systems of bioactive igredients can be designed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaomin Zhang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Zihao Wei
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Changhu Xue
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
- Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
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17
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Coelho SC, Laget S, Benaut P, Rocha F, Estevinho BN. A new approach to the production of zein microstructures with vitamin B12, by electrospinning and spray drying techniques. POWDER TECHNOL 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2021.06.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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18
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Coroli A, Romano R, Saccani A, Raddadi N, Mele E, Mascia L. An In-Vitro Evaluation of the Characteristics of Zein-Based Films for the Release of Lactobionic Acid and the Effects of Oleic Acid. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:1826. [PMID: 34072945 PMCID: PMC8198277 DOI: 10.3390/polym13111826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Revised: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Lactobionic acid (LBA) is widely used in different industrial sectors owing to its biocompatibility characteristics as well as antioxidant and antimicrobial properties. In this study, mixtures of the protein zein with LBA and with the addition of oleic acid (OA) as a ternary system were investigated as drug delivery films for the release of LBA. The chosen combinations exploit the vast difference in water solubility between LBA and the other two components (zein and OA). DSC thermograms and dynamic mechanical spectra, alongside electron microscopy images, were used to describe the microstructural features of the films and were found to provide insights for the release of LBA from the two examined zein-based films immersed in an aqueous physiological solution. For both film systems, a burst release behavior was observed, followed by a rapid and total extraction of LBA. The required immersion time for the total extraction of LBA was greatly reduced when oleic acid was added to the precursor solution mixture for producing the films. The LBA released from the zein-based films was found to exhibit both the expected antioxidant properties as well as exerting bacteriostatic effects towards Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus epidermidis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Coroli
- Department of Civil, Chemical, Environmental and Materials Engineering, University of Bologna, 40131 Bologna, Italy; (A.C.); (R.R.); (A.S.); (N.R.)
| | - Roberta Romano
- Department of Civil, Chemical, Environmental and Materials Engineering, University of Bologna, 40131 Bologna, Italy; (A.C.); (R.R.); (A.S.); (N.R.)
| | - Andrea Saccani
- Department of Civil, Chemical, Environmental and Materials Engineering, University of Bologna, 40131 Bologna, Italy; (A.C.); (R.R.); (A.S.); (N.R.)
| | - Noura Raddadi
- Department of Civil, Chemical, Environmental and Materials Engineering, University of Bologna, 40131 Bologna, Italy; (A.C.); (R.R.); (A.S.); (N.R.)
| | - Elisa Mele
- Materials Department, Loughborough University, Loughborough LE11 3TU, UK
| | - Leno Mascia
- Materials Department, Loughborough University, Loughborough LE11 3TU, UK
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19
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Thermosensitive Drug Delivery System SBA-15-PEI for Controlled Release of Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drug Diclofenac Sodium Salt: A Comparative Study. MATERIALS 2021; 14:ma14081880. [PMID: 33918907 PMCID: PMC8068836 DOI: 10.3390/ma14081880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2021] [Revised: 04/01/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Mesoporous SBA-15 silica material was prepared by the sol–gel method and functionalized with thermosensitive polyethylenimine polymers with different molecular weight (g·mol−1): 800 (SBA-15(C)-800), 1300 (SBA-15(C)-1300) and 2000 (SBA-15(C)-2000). The nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) diclofenac sodium was selected as a model drug and encapsulated into the pores of prepared supports. Materials were characterized by the combination of infrared spectroscopy (IR), atomic force microscopy (AFM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), photon cross-correlation spectroscopy (PCCS), nitrogen adsorption/desorption analysis, thermogravimetry (TG), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and small-angle X-ray diffraction (SA-XRD) experiments. The drug release from prepared matrixes was realized in two model media differing in pH, namely small intestine environment/simulated body fluid (pH = 7.4) and simulated gastric fluid (pH = 2), and at different temperatures, namely normal body temperature (T = 37 °C) and inflammatory temperature (T = 42 °C). The process of drug loading into the pores of prepared materials from the diclofenac sodium salt solutions with different concentrations and subsequent quantitative determination of released drugs was analyzed by UV-VIS spectroscopy. Analysis of prepared SBA-15 materials modified with polyethylenimines in solution showed a high ability to store large amounts of the drug, up to 230 wt.%. Experimental results showed their high drug release into the solution at pH = 7.4 for both temperatures, which is related to the high solubility of diclofenac sodium in a slightly alkaline environment. At pH = 2, a difference in drug release rate was observed between both temperatures. Indeed, at a higher temperature, the release rates and the amount of released drug were 2–3 times higher than those observed at a lower temperature. Different kinetic models were used to fit the obtained drug release data to determine the drug release rate and its release mechanism. Moreover, the drug release properties of prepared compounds were compared to a commercially available medicament under the same experimental conditions.
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20
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Arshad R, Pal K, Sabir F, Rahdar A, Bilal M, Shahnaz G, Kyzas GZ. A review of the nanomaterials use for the diagnosis and therapy of salmonella typhi. J Mol Struct 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2021.129928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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21
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Rahdar A, Hajinezhad MR, Sargazi S, Zaboli M, Barani M, Baino F, Bilal M, Sanchooli E. Biochemical, Ameliorative and Cytotoxic Effects of Newly Synthesized Curcumin Microemulsions: Evidence from In Vitro and In Vivo Studies. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 11:817. [PMID: 33806829 PMCID: PMC8004644 DOI: 10.3390/nano11030817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2021] [Revised: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Curcumin is known to exhibit antioxidant and tissue-healing properties and has recently attracted the attention of the biomedical community for potential use in advanced therapies. This work reports the formulation and characterization of oil-in-water F127 microemulsions to enhance the bioavailability of curcumin Microemulsions showed a high encapsulation efficiency and prolonged release. To investigate the interactions of curcumin with one unit of the polymeric chain of surfactant F127, ethyl butyrate, and sodium octanoate, as well as the interaction between ethyl butyrate and one unit of the F127 polymer chain, the Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations at the M06-2X level of theory, were performed in water solution. The MTT assay was used to assess the cytotoxicity of free and encapsulated curcumin on non-malignant and malignant cell lines. Combination effects were calculated according to Chou-Talalay's principles. Results of in vitro studies indicated that MCF7 and HepG2 cells were more sensitive to curcumin microemulsions. Moreover, a synergistic relationship was observed between curcumin microemulsions and cisplatin in all affected fractions of MCF7 and HepG2 cells (CI < 0.9). For in vivo investigation, thioacetamide-intoxicated rats received thioacetamide (100 mg/kg Sc) followed by curcumin microemulsions (30 mg/kg Ip). Thioacetamide-intoxicated rats showed elevated serum liver enzymes, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), and creatinine levels, and a significant reduction in liver superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activities (p < 0.05). Curcumin microemulsions reduced liver enzymes and serum creatinine and increased the activity of antioxidant enzymes in thioacetamide-treated rats in comparison to the untreated thioacetamide-intoxicated group. Histopathological investigations confirmed the biochemical findings. Overall, the current results showed the desirable hepatoprotective, nephroprotective, and anti-cancer effects of curcumin microemulsions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abbas Rahdar
- Department of Physics, University of Zabol, P.O. Box. 98613-35856, Zabol, Iran;
| | - Mohammad Reza Hajinezhad
- Basic Veterinary Science Department, Veterinary Faculty, University of Zabol, P.O. Box. 98613-35856, Zabol, Iran;
| | - Saman Sargazi
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Resistant Tuberculosis Institute, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan 98167-43463, Iran
| | - Maryam Zaboli
- Department of Chemistry, University of Birjand, Birjand 97174-34765, Iran;
| | - Mahmood Barani
- Department of Chemistry, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman 76169-14111, Iran;
| | - Francesco Baino
- Institute of Materials Physics and Engineering, Applied Science and Technology Department, Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Torino, Italy
| | - Muhammad Bilal
- School of Life Science and Food Engineering, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huaian 223003, China;
| | - Esmael Sanchooli
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zabol, P.O. Box. 98613-35856, Zabol, PIran;
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22
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Feng S, Wang L, Shao P, Sun P, Yang CS. A review on chemical and physical modifications of phytosterols and their influence on bioavailability and safety. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2021; 62:5638-5657. [PMID: 33612007 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2021.1888692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Phytosterols have been shown to lower cholesterol levels and to have antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and other biological activities. However, the high melting point and poor solubility limit their bioavailability and practical application. It is advantageous to modify phytosterols chemically and physically. This article reviews and discusses the chemical and physical modifications of phytosterols, as well as their effects on the bioavailability and possible toxicity in vivo. The current research on chemical modifications is mainly focused on esterification to increase the oil solubility and water solubility. For physical modifications (mainly microencapsulation), there are biopolymer-based, surfactant-based and lipid-based nanocarriers. Both chemical and physical modifications of phytosterols can effectively increase the absorption and bioavailability. The safety of modified phytosterols is also an important issue. Phytosterol esters are generally considered to be safe. However, phytosterol oxides, which may be produced during the synthesis of phytosterol esters, have shown toxicity in animal models. The toxicity of nanocarriers also needs further studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simin Feng
- College of Food Science and Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Food Macromolecular Resources Processing Technology Research (Zhejiang University of Technology), China National Light Industry, Beijing, China.,Department of Chemical Biology, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey, USA
| | - Liling Wang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Ping Shao
- College of Food Science and Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Food Macromolecular Resources Processing Technology Research (Zhejiang University of Technology), China National Light Industry, Beijing, China
| | - Peilong Sun
- College of Food Science and Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Food Macromolecular Resources Processing Technology Research (Zhejiang University of Technology), China National Light Industry, Beijing, China
| | - Chung S Yang
- Department of Chemical Biology, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey, USA
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23
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Gao Z, Chen G, Lu W, Wu Y, Hu B, Xu L, Fang Y, Nishinari K, Phillips GO. Interfacial and emulsion-stabilizing properties of zein nanoparticles: differences among zein fractions (α-, β-, and γ-zein). Food Funct 2021; 12:1361-1370. [PMID: 33449061 DOI: 10.1039/d0fo02536d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
According to the solubility in the binary solvent of ethanol water, zein can be classified into α-, β-, γ-, and δ-zein, and the difference in amino acid compositions of these fractions is believed to affect their physicochemical properties and functionalities. This research comparatively analyzed main zein fractions, namely the α-zein fraction, β-zein fraction, and γ-zein fraction, on the formation, surface adsorption, and emulsifying properties of their anti-solvent-induced particles. Results showed that all zein fractions were able to form spherical particles through an anti-solvent procedure, and formed particles possessed different surface charge and surface hydrophobicity. γ-Zein fraction particles had the biggest size and lowest surface hydrophobicity, the highest interfacial adsorption speed, and formed the strongest viscoelastic interfacial film, as analyzed through the interfacial rheology results, while β-zein fraction particles exhibited the poorest interfacial activity. These physicochemical differences were reflected in their emulsifying properties, whereby the γ-zein fraction particle-stabilized emulsion had the maximum tolerance to salt (50, 100, and 200 mM NaCl) and pH (4.0, 7.0, and 9.0). The excellent interfacial properties of the γ-zein fraction presented in this research would afford a new strategy for the effective application of zein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiming Gao
- Glyn O. Phillips Hydrocolloid Research Centre, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hubei University of Technology, Nanli Road, Wuhan 430068, P. R. China.
| | - Gaiting Chen
- Glyn O. Phillips Hydrocolloid Research Centre, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hubei University of Technology, Nanli Road, Wuhan 430068, P. R. China.
| | - Wei Lu
- Glyn O. Phillips Hydrocolloid Research Centre, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hubei University of Technology, Nanli Road, Wuhan 430068, P. R. China.
| | - Yuehan Wu
- Glyn O. Phillips Hydrocolloid Research Centre, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hubei University of Technology, Nanli Road, Wuhan 430068, P. R. China.
| | - Bing Hu
- Key Lab of Biotechnology and Bioresources Utilization of Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Dalian Minzu University, Dalian 116600, P. R. China
| | - Longquan Xu
- China Tobacco Guizhou Industrial Co., Ltd., Kaifa Avenue, Guiyang, 550000, P. R. China
| | - Yapeng Fang
- Glyn O. Phillips Hydrocolloid Research Centre, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hubei University of Technology, Nanli Road, Wuhan 430068, P. R. China. and Department of Food Science and Engineering, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
| | - Katsuyoshi Nishinari
- Glyn O. Phillips Hydrocolloid Research Centre, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hubei University of Technology, Nanli Road, Wuhan 430068, P. R. China.
| | - Glyn O Phillips
- Glyn O. Phillips Hydrocolloid Research Centre, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hubei University of Technology, Nanli Road, Wuhan 430068, P. R. China.
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24
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A Review of Zein as a Potential Biopolymer for Tissue Engineering and Nanotechnological Applications. Processes (Basel) 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/pr8111376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Tissue engineering (TE) is one of the most challenging fields of research since it provides current alternative protocols and materials for the regeneration of damaged tissue. The success of TE has been mainly related to the right selection of nano-sized biocompatible materials for the development of matrixes, which can display excellent anatomical structure, functionality, mechanical properties, and histocompatibility. Today, the research community has paid particular attention to zein as a potential biomaterial for TE applications and nanotechnological approaches. Considering the properties of zein and the advances in the field, there is a need to reviewing the current state of the art of using this natural origin material for TE and nanotechnological applications. Therefore, the goal of this review paper is to elucidate the latest (over the last five years) applications and development works in the field, including TE, encapsulations of drugs, food, pesticides and bandaging for external wounds. In particular, attention has been focused on studies proving new breakthroughs and findings. Also, a complete background of zein’s properties and features are addressed.
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