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Afonso Urich JA, Fedorko A, Hölzer B, Khinast J. Evidence of Reliable Gastro-Resistance of Novel Enteric Ready-to-Fill Capsules Simplifying Pharmaceutical Manufacturing. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:2592. [PMID: 38004571 PMCID: PMC10675293 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15112592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Revised: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Developing delayed-release formulations for acid-sensitive actives can be a costly and time-consuming process. However, ready-to-fill functional capsules, such as EUDRACAP® can significantly mitigate these challenges. The in vitro performance of EUDRACAP® enteric was evaluated in two typical delayed-release scenarios: for diclofenac (a drug that can cause irritation to gastric mucosa), and for omeprazole (a drug susceptible to degradation due to the acidity of gastric fluid). The prototypes were tested in HCl 0.1N according to the USP <711> for at least 2 h and compared to commercial products. The results showed that the performance of EUDRACAP® was below LOD and in compliance with the requirements for drug release in acidic media (NMT 10%). Additionally, the impurities were evaluated after the acidic stress. The low total percentage of impurities of 0.44% for diclofenac (NMT 1.50%) and 0.22% for omeprazole (NMT 2.00%) indicates a very good protection by EUDRACAP®. A comprehensive comparative analysis of the in vitro performance clearly showed the acid protection capability of EUDRACAP® enteric capsules making them a serious alternative to existing enteric dosage forms alternatives. EUDRACAP® is an accessible solution both in large-scale industrial and smaller pharmacy settings. Offering increased accessibility, affordability, and convenience to manufacturers and consumers alike and leading to improved healthcare outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesús Alberto Afonso Urich
- Research Center Pharmaceutical Engineering, Inffeldgasse 13, 8010 Graz, Austria; (A.F.); (J.K.)
- Institute of Process and Particle Engineering, Graz University of Technology, Inffeldgasse 13, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Anna Fedorko
- Research Center Pharmaceutical Engineering, Inffeldgasse 13, 8010 Graz, Austria; (A.F.); (J.K.)
| | - Bettina Hölzer
- Evonik Operations GmbH, Nutrition & Care, Kirschenallee, 64293 Darmstadt, Germany;
| | - Johannes Khinast
- Research Center Pharmaceutical Engineering, Inffeldgasse 13, 8010 Graz, Austria; (A.F.); (J.K.)
- Institute of Process and Particle Engineering, Graz University of Technology, Inffeldgasse 13, 8010 Graz, Austria
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The Use of Calcium Phosphate-Based Starter Pellets for the Preparation of Sprinkle IR MUPS Formulation of Rosuvastatin Calcium. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023. [DOI: 10.3390/ph16020242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Sprinkle formulations represent an interesting concept of medicinal products aimed at the steadily growing population of patients suffering from swallowing difficulties (dysphagia). In the present work, immediate-release sprinkle MUPS (multiple-unit pellet system) containing rosuvastatin calcium as a model drug substance was successfully developed. The formulation was prepared by drug layering technique using novel calcium phosphate-based starting pellets (PharSQ® Spheres CM) of three different particle sizes. The study showed that the developed multiparticulates were characterized by uniform distribution of coating layers thickness, as well as fast dissolution rate (more than 85% of rosuvastatin calcium dissolved within 30 min, as required by the relevant USP/NF monograph). Rosuvastatin calcium, like other statins, has a bitter, unpleasant taste. Investigations conducted with an electronic tongue suggested that the developed formulation achieved the desired taste-masking efficiency. The effect was found to be particle size-dependent, improving as the size of the multiparticulates increased.
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Review on Starter Pellets: Inert and Functional Cores. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14061299. [PMID: 35745872 PMCID: PMC9227027 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14061299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Revised: 06/03/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
A significant proportion of pharmaceuticals are now considered multiparticulate systems. Modified-release drug delivery formulations can be designed with engineering precision, and patient-centric dosing can be accomplished relatively easily using multi-unit systems. In many cases, Multiple-Unit Pellet Systems (MUPS) are formulated on the basis of a neutral excipient core which may carry the layered drug surrounded also by functional coating. In the present summary, commonly used starter pellets are presented. The manuscript describes the main properties of the various nuclei related to their micro- and macrostructure. In the case of layered pellets formed based on different inert pellet cores, the drug release mechanism can be expected in detail. Finally, the authors would like to prove the industrial significance of inert cores by presenting some of the commercially available formulations.
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O'Farrell C, Stamatopoulos K, Simmons M, Batchelor H. In vitro models to evaluate ingestible devices: Present status and current trends. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2021; 178:113924. [PMID: 34390774 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2021.113924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Revised: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Orally ingestible medical devices offer significant opportunity in the diagnosis and treatment of gastrointestinal conditions. Their development necessitates the use of models that simulate the gastrointestinal environment on both a macro and micro scale. An evolution in scientific technology has enabled a wide range of in vitro, ex vivo and in vivo models to be developed that replicate the gastrointestinal tract. This review describes the landscape of the existing range of in vitro tools that are available to characterize ingestible devices. Models are presented with details on their benefits and limitations with regards to the evaluation of ingestible devices and examples of their use in the evaluation of such devices is presented where available. The multitude of models available provides a suite of tools that can be used in the evaluation of ingestible devices that should be selected on the functionality of the device and the mechanism of its function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Connor O'Farrell
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
| | - Konstantinos Stamatopoulos
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK; Biopharmaceutics, Pharmaceutical Development, PDS, MST, RD Platform Technology & Science, GSK, David Jack Centre, Park Road, Ware, Hertfordshire SG12 0DP, UK
| | - Mark Simmons
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
| | - Hannah Batchelor
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, 161 Cathedral Street, Glasgow G4 0RE, UK.
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Zakowiecki D, Frankiewicz M, Hess T, Cal K, Gajda M, Dabrowska J, Kubiak B, Paszkowska J, Wiater M, Hoc D, Garbacz G, Haznar-Garbacz D. Development of a Biphasic-Release Multiple-Unit Pellet System with Diclofenac Sodium Using Novel Calcium Phosphate-Based Starter Pellets. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13060805. [PMID: 34071381 PMCID: PMC8228657 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13060805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Revised: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Novel calcium phosphate-based starter pellets were used to develop a biphasic-release multiple-unit pellet system (MUPS) with diclofenac sodium as a model drug in the form of hard gelatin capsules. For comparative purposes, corresponding formulations based on the inert cores made of microcrystalline cellulose, sucrose and isomalt were prepared. The developed system consisted of two types of drug-layered pellets attaining different release patterns: delayed-release (enteric-coated) and extended-release. Dissolution characteristics were examined using both compendial and biorelevant methods, which reflected fed and fasting conditions. The results were collated with an equivalent commercial product but prepared with the direct pelletization technique.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Zakowiecki
- Chemische Fabrik Budenheim KG, Rheinstrasse 27, 55257 Budenheim, Germany;
- Correspondence:
| | - Maja Frankiewicz
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Gdansk, al. Gen. J. Hallera 107, 80-416 Gdansk, Poland; (M.F.); (K.C.)
| | - Tobias Hess
- Chemische Fabrik Budenheim KG, Rheinstrasse 27, 55257 Budenheim, Germany;
| | - Krzysztof Cal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Gdansk, al. Gen. J. Hallera 107, 80-416 Gdansk, Poland; (M.F.); (K.C.)
| | - Maciej Gajda
- Department of Drug Form Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Wroclaw Medical University, ul. Borowska 211A, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland; (M.G.); (D.H.-G.)
- Adamed Pharma S.A., Pienkow, ul. Mariana Adamkiewicza 6A, 05-152 Czosnow, Poland; (J.D.); (B.K.)
| | - Justyna Dabrowska
- Adamed Pharma S.A., Pienkow, ul. Mariana Adamkiewicza 6A, 05-152 Czosnow, Poland; (J.D.); (B.K.)
| | - Bartlomiej Kubiak
- Adamed Pharma S.A., Pienkow, ul. Mariana Adamkiewicza 6A, 05-152 Czosnow, Poland; (J.D.); (B.K.)
| | - Jadwiga Paszkowska
- Physiolution Polska sp. z o.o., Skarbowcow 81/7, 53-025 Wroclaw, Poland; (J.P.); (M.W.); (D.H.); (G.G.)
| | - Marcela Wiater
- Physiolution Polska sp. z o.o., Skarbowcow 81/7, 53-025 Wroclaw, Poland; (J.P.); (M.W.); (D.H.); (G.G.)
| | - Dagmara Hoc
- Physiolution Polska sp. z o.o., Skarbowcow 81/7, 53-025 Wroclaw, Poland; (J.P.); (M.W.); (D.H.); (G.G.)
| | - Grzegorz Garbacz
- Physiolution Polska sp. z o.o., Skarbowcow 81/7, 53-025 Wroclaw, Poland; (J.P.); (M.W.); (D.H.); (G.G.)
- Physiolution GmbH, Walther-Rathenau-Strasse 49a, 17489 Greifswald, Germany
| | - Dorota Haznar-Garbacz
- Department of Drug Form Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Wroclaw Medical University, ul. Borowska 211A, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland; (M.G.); (D.H.-G.)
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