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Zhu H, Wang C, Wang Y, Yu J, Copeland L, Wang S. Novel Type of Slowly Digested Starch Complex with Antioxidant Properties. Biomacromolecules 2024; 25:2914-2924. [PMID: 38676646 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.4c00030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/29/2024]
Abstract
With the increasing number of diabetic patients in the world, there is an urgent requirement to reduce the incidence of diabetes. It is considered that a viable prophylactic treatment for type 2 diabetes mellitus is to reduce starch digestibility and oxidative stress. In this study, a novel type of slowly digested starch [pea starch (PS)-gingerol complex] was fabricated to evaluate its in vitro enzymatic digestibility and antioxidant activities. Theoretical and experimental analyses showed that PS can encapsulate gingerols with long alkyl chains to form starch-gingerol complexes, which are further stacked into a mixture of V6- and V7-crystallites. These complexes, in particular the PS-10-gingerol complex, showed high resistance to amylolysis and good antioxidant activities. This study demonstrates that these novel starch-gingerol complexes have the potential to deliver antioxidants encapsulated in starch with slow-digesting properties and reduce oxidative stress. Moreover, this new type of slowly digested starch with antioxidant properties showed great potential in the prevention of type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huilan Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Cuiping Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Yujue Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Jinglin Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Les Copeland
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
| | - Shujun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
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Vas NV, Jain RK, Ramachandran SK. Gingerol and Chitosan-Based Coating of Thermoformed Orthodontic Aligners: Characterization, Assessment of Anti-Microbial Activity, and Scratch Resistance: An In Vitro Study. Cureus 2023; 15:e42933. [PMID: 37674946 PMCID: PMC10477816 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.42933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim To prepare and characterize a 6-gingerol-incorporated chitosan biopolymer for coating on thermoformed aligners and evaluate its scratch resistance and antimicrobial activity. Material and methods In this in vitro study, 6-gingerol extract was prepared, incorporated with chitosan biopolymer into a coating solution and characterized using nuclear magnetic resonance imaging spectroscopy (NMR). Twenty thermoformed aligner samples were exposed to UV radiation for surface activation, then coated with a crosslinking agent. These were divided into four groups of five. The control group consisted of samples dip-coated in a chitosan solution for 15 minutes. The three test groups consisted of samples dip coated in a gingerol-chitosan coating solution, with each group representing the following time periods of dip coating: five, 10, and 15 minutes. The crosslinking of the coating with the aligner material was confirmed by a Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) test. A scratch test was carried out to evaluate the wear resistance of the coating, and the antibacterial properties of the coating were tested using a Disc Diffusion test. Results The NMR analysis confirmed the presence of 6-gingerol in the extract. The coating of 6-Gingerol on aligners was confirmed by FTIR spectroscopy. The wear resistance of aligners coated for 5 minutes, 10 minutes, and 15 minutes was 1.8 ± 0.09 N, 2.3 ± 0.021 N, and 3.06 ± 0.17 N, respectively, and the difference was statistically significant (p<0.05). The aligner coated for 15 minutes exhibited the widest zone of inhibition of up to 2.38 ± 0.44 mm against Streptococcus mutans, and the difference was statistically significant (p<0.05). No antibacterial effect was found against E. Coli. Conclusion A novel coating material with 6-gingerol extract incorporated in chitosan biopolymer was prepared and characterized, followed by coating on thermoformed aligners. The coating showed antibacterial activity against Streptococcus mutans, and both the antimicrobial activity and wear resistance increased with coating duration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nazleen Valerie Vas
- Department of Orthodontics, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Chennai, IND
| | - Ravindra Kumar Jain
- Department of Orthodontics, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Chennai, IND
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de Oliveira Nonato R, Krawczyk-Santos AP, Cardoso G, Kogawa AC, Ricommini K, de Lima ÁAN, Heimfarth L, Quintans-Júnior LJ, Cunha-Filho M, Taveira SF, Marreto RN. Cyclodextrin inclusion complex of a multi-component natural product by hot-melt extrusion. Drug Deliv Transl Res 2023; 13:1140-1152. [PMID: 36564661 DOI: 10.1007/s13346-022-01280-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate whether hot-melt extrusion (HME) processing can promote molecular encapsulation of a multi-component natural product composed of volatile and pungent hydrophobic substances (ginger oleoresin (OR)) with cyclodextrins. 6-Gingerol and 6-shogaol, the biomarkers of ginger OR, were quantified by HPLC. Phase-solubility studies were performed using β-cyclodextrin (βCD) and hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (HPβCD) for ginger OR complexation. Solid complexes were then prepared by thermal (HME)- and solvent (slurry (SL))-based methods. Morphology, thermal behavior, solubility, in vitro dissolution, and in vivo anti-inflammatory activity were evaluated. HPβCD gave rise to AL-type complexes with ginger OR, whereas βCD led to materials with limited solubility. Ginger OR was complexed with HPβCD by HME without significant change in gingerol and shogaol content. Additionally, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) suggested higher volatile retention in HME complexes than in SL ones. Shogaol and gingerol solubility and dissolution significantly increased from SL and HME complexes compared with ginger OR. In turn, 1:2 OR/HPβCD HME complex showed higher 6-shogaol solubility than SL, associated with a gradual release. The carrageenan-induced pleurisy test showed that the anti-inflammatory activity of ginger OR was maintained after complexation with HPβCD. The complexes significantly decrease the levels of IL-1β and inhibit cell migration. HME complex showed performance equivalent to the positive control and superior to the SL material. Taken together, these results indicate that HME can be useful for promoting the molecular encapsulation of complex natural products that contain volatile and thermolabile substances. HME complexes showed better in vivo and in vitro performance than complexes prepared using the solvent-based method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rhayssa de Oliveira Nonato
- Laboratory of Nanosystems and Drug Delivery Devices (NanoSYS), School of Pharmacy, Universidade Federal de Goiás (UFG), Setor Leste Universitário, Rua 240, Goiânia, GO, 74605-170, Brazil
| | - Anna Paula Krawczyk-Santos
- Laboratory of Nanosystems and Drug Delivery Devices (NanoSYS), School of Pharmacy, Universidade Federal de Goiás (UFG), Setor Leste Universitário, Rua 240, Goiânia, GO, 74605-170, Brazil
| | - Gleidson Cardoso
- Laboratory of Nanosystems and Drug Delivery Devices (NanoSYS), School of Pharmacy, Universidade Federal de Goiás (UFG), Setor Leste Universitário, Rua 240, Goiânia, GO, 74605-170, Brazil
| | - Ana Carolina Kogawa
- School of Pharmacy, Universidade Federal de Goiás (UFG), Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | - Karina Ricommini
- Pharmaceutical Application Laboratory, Ashland Specialty Ingredients, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Luana Heimfarth
- Department of Physiology (DFS), Laboratory of Neuroscience and Pharmacological Assays (LANEF), Universidade Federal de Sergipe, São Cristóvão, SE, Brazil
| | - Lucindo José Quintans-Júnior
- Department of Physiology (DFS), Laboratory of Neuroscience and Pharmacological Assays (LANEF), Universidade Federal de Sergipe, São Cristóvão, SE, Brazil
| | - Marcílio Cunha-Filho
- Laboratory of Food, Drug, and Cosmetics (LTMAC), School of Health Sciences, Universidade de Brasilia, Brasília, DF, Brazil
| | - Stephania Fleury Taveira
- Laboratory of Nanosystems and Drug Delivery Devices (NanoSYS), School of Pharmacy, Universidade Federal de Goiás (UFG), Setor Leste Universitário, Rua 240, Goiânia, GO, 74605-170, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Neves Marreto
- Laboratory of Nanosystems and Drug Delivery Devices (NanoSYS), School of Pharmacy, Universidade Federal de Goiás (UFG), Setor Leste Universitário, Rua 240, Goiânia, GO, 74605-170, Brazil.
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Deciphering the interactions of genistein with β-cyclodextrin derivatives through experimental and microsecond timescale umbrella sampling simulations. J Mol Liq 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2023.121295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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Development of Cyclodextrin-Functionalized Transethoniosomes of 6-Gingerol: Statistical Optimization, In Vitro Characterization and Assessment of Cytotoxic and Anti-Inflammatory Effects. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14061170. [PMID: 35745746 PMCID: PMC9227240 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14061170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Revised: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The poor solubility and stability of 6-gingerol (6-G) could hamper its clinical applications. The aim of the current study was to develop a novel ultra-deformable cyclodextrin-functionalized transethoniosomes (CD-TENs) as a promising delivery system for 6-G. Transethoniosomes (TENs) are flexible niosomes (NVs) due to their content of ethanol and edge activators (EAs). CD-functionalized nanoparticles could improve drug solubility and stability compared to the corresponding nanovesicles. 6-G-loaded ethoniosomes (ENs) were formulated by the ethanol injection technique in the presence and absence of EA and CD to explore the impact of the studied independent variables on entrapment efficiency (EE%) and % 6-G released after 24 h (Q24h). According to the desirability criteria, F8 (CD-functionalized transethoniosomal formula) was selected as the optimized formulation. F8 demonstrated higher EE%, permeation, deformability and stability than the corresponding TENs, ENs and NVs. Additionally, F8 showed higher cytotoxic and anti-inflammatory activity than pure 6-G. The synergism between complexation with CD and novel ultra-deformable nanovesicles (TENs) in the form of CD-TENs can be a promising drug delivery carrier for 6-G.
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The interaction between bovine serum albumin and [6]-,[8]- and [10]-gingerol: An effective strategy to improve the solubility and stability of gingerol. Food Chem 2022; 372:131280. [PMID: 34818732 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.131280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2021] [Revised: 09/21/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
In this study, the binding mechanism between bovine serum albumin (BSA) and three gingerols ([6]-, [8]- and [10]-gingerol) was evaluated to explore an effective strategy for improving solubility and stability of gingerols. The fluorescence analysis suggested gingerols could bind with BSA to form a stable BSA/gingerols complex and [10]-gingerol had the strongest binding affinity (Ka = 4.016 × 104 L/mol) at 298 K. Thermodynamic parameters and molecular modeling validated that hydrophobic interaction and hydrogen bonds were the main driving force for the interaction of BSA/gingerols. Gingerols bound to BSA at site I (subdomain IIA) resulted in a conformational change of BSA with a structure shrinkage, which was responsible for the decrease of surface hydrophobicity. The formation of BSA/gingerols complexes promoted the solubility of [6]-, [8]- and [10]-gingerol increasing by 1.50, 6.04 and 23.50 times, respectively. In addition, the stability and antioxidant capacity of gingerols was significantly improved after binding with BSA.
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Jafar M, Khalid MS, Alghamdi H, Amir M, Al Makki SA, Alotaibi OS, Al Rmais AA, Imam SS, Alshehri S, Gilani SJ. Formulation of Apigenin-Cyclodextrin-Chitosan Ternary Complex: Physicochemical Characterization, In Vitro and In Vivo Studies. AAPS PharmSciTech 2022; 23:71. [PMID: 35146576 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-022-02218-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2021] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The current investigation was performed with an aim to improve the aqueous solubility, dissolution rate, and thus the biological activity of apigenin (APG) using the solubilizers hydroxypropyl beta-cyclodextrin (HPβCD) and chitosan (CTSN). A binary and ternary inclusion complexes of APG with HPβCD and CTSN were prepared by physical mixing, fusion, and solvent evaporation methods. The liquid state characterization of the APG, the solubilizers, and the physical and chemical interactions between them was done through phase solubility approach. The solid-state characterization was performed by proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H-NMR), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and X-ray diffractometry (XRD). The in vitro dissolution test and antioxidant activity and in vivo anti-inflammatory activity of the ternary inclusion complex in albino rats were performed to assess the performance of the APG. Phase solubility study results revealed a remarkable increase in apparent stability constant (Kc) and complexation efficiency (CE) of HPβCD in presence of CTSN in ternary complex with above 8 folds more increment in solubility of APG than its binary complex. The in vitro dissolution rate, antioxidant activity, and the anti-inflammatory effect of the APG ternary inclusion complex were found to be significantly higher than that of pure APG. Solid state characterization confirmed the formation of a ternary inclusion complex. 1H-NMR study gave more insight at molecular level into how different groups of APG were responsible for complex formation with the HPβCD and how CTSN was significantly influencing on the APG-HPβCD complex formed. Nevertheless, pharmacokinetic and histopathological studies of our APG-HPβCD-CTSN ternary complex would yield much rewarding results.
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Hu Q, Fu X, Su Y, Wang Y, Gao S, Wang X, Xu Y, Yu C. Enhanced oral bioavailability of koumine by complexation with hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin: preparation, optimization, ex vivo and in vivo characterization. Drug Deliv 2021; 28:2415-2426. [PMID: 34763595 PMCID: PMC8592623 DOI: 10.1080/10717544.2021.1998248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Koumine (KME) is an active alkaloid extracted from Gelsemium elegans, and its diverse bioactivities have been studied for decades. However, KME exhibits poor solubility and low oral bioavailability, which hampers its potential therapeutic exploitation. This work aimed to develop optimized inclusion complexes to improve the bioavailability of KME. The KME/hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (KME/HP-β-CD) inclusion complexes were prepared by the solvent evaporation method and later optimized using the Box-Behnken design. The optimal KME/HP-β-CD was characterized by scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transforms infrared spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. The physicochemical characterization results revealed that the crystalline state of KME was transformed into an amorphous form, forming KME/HP-β-CD inclusion complexes. Compared with KME, the solubility and in vitro release rate of KME/HP-β-CD was significantly enhanced by 52.34- and 1.3-fold, respectively. Further research was performed to investigate the intestinal absorption characteristics and in vivo bioavailability in rats. The optimal KME/HP-β-CD showed enhanced absorptive permeability and relative bioavailability increased more than two-fold compared to that of raw KME. These results indicate that the optimal KME/HP-β-CD can be used as an effective drug carrier to improve the solubility, intestinal absorption, and bioavailability of KME.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Hu
- School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China.,Fujian Key Laboratory of Drug Target Discovery and Structural and Functional Research, School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Xiaoling Fu
- School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yanping Su
- School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China.,Fujian Key Laboratory of Drug Target Discovery and Structural and Functional Research, School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yanfang Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Sihuan Gao
- School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Xiaoqin Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Ying Xu
- School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China.,Fujian Key Laboratory of Drug Target Discovery and Structural and Functional Research, School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Changxi Yu
- School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China.,Fujian Key Laboratory of Drug Target Discovery and Structural and Functional Research, School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
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