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Chevitarese AB, França Leite KLD, Marañón-Vásquez GA, Masterson D, Pithon M, Maia LC. What is the effectiveness of titanium tetrafluoride to prevent or treat dental caries and tooth erosion? A systematic review. Acta Odontol Scand 2022; 80:441-456. [PMID: 35147483 DOI: 10.1080/00016357.2022.2032329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Answer the question: What is the effectiveness of titanium tetrafluoride (TiF4) when compared to other fluorides, placebo solution or a negative control to prevent or treat dental caries and tooth erosion? MATERIALS AND METHODS This review is in accordance with PRISMA guidelines. In vivo and in situ studies that used TiF4 over enamel or dentine were included. Electronic searches were conducted on MEDLINE, Scopus, Embase, WOS, Cochrane Library, VLH, Clinical Trials and OpenGrey. Risk of bias (ROB) assessments used RoB2 and ROBINS-I for randomized and non-randomized controlled trials (RCTs and on-RCTs); Syrcle's ROB tool for animal studies; and a modified tool proposed by Hollanders for in situ studies. RESULTS A total of 28 studies met the eligibility criteria. From these, 6 were in humans (3 RCT and 3 Non-RCT); 4 were in animals and 18 were in situ. For in vivo studies, all RCTs have some concerns related to ROB and all of the non-RCT studies were classified as with serious risk. One animal study had a low and three a high ROB. Regarding in situ studies, seven had a low, ten had an average and only one had a high ROB. The certainty of the evidence (GRADE) ranged from moderate to very low. CONCLUSIONS Although most of the results suggest a positive effect of TiF4 on the prevention and treatment of caries and dental erosion, it is not possible to have definitive conclusions due to the high studies' methodological heterogeneity, and the low quality of evidence for most outcomes. REGISTRATION The protocol of this syste. atic review was registered in the OPEN SCIENCE FRAMEWORK database (osf.io/6dgs9) DOI:10.17605/OSF.IO/KUZA7 on 6 August 2020.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Beatriz Chevitarese
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Karla Lorene de França Leite
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Guido A. Marañón-Vásquez
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Danielle Masterson
- Central Library of the Health Science Center, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Matheus Pithon
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Lucianne Cople Maia
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Ando M, Fontana M, Eckert GJ, Arthur RA, Zhang H, Zero DT. Objective and quantitative assessment of caries lesion activity. J Dent 2018; 78:76-82. [PMID: 30134154 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2018.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2018] [Revised: 08/14/2018] [Accepted: 08/18/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Evaluate the ability of objectively measured specular reflection, roughness, and fluorescence change during dehydration to assess caries lesion activity. METHODS One hundred ninety-five ground/polished 3 × 3 × 2 mm sound human enamel specimens were divided into three groups and demineralized using a multispecies microbial caries model for 3, 6, or 9 days; and then remineralized with 1100 ppm-F as NaF solution for 10 days using a pH-cyclic model. Reflection (amplitude: %), roughness (Ra: μm), fluorescence change during dehydration (ΔQ: %×mm2), and microfocus computed tomography [μ-CT: lesion volume (μm3)] were measured for sound, demineralized and remineralized enamel. The surface was hydrated and fluorescence images were acquired at 1 s intervals for 10 s (ΔQ10). During image acquisition, surface was dehydrated with continuous compressed air. Changes-in-ΔQ per second (ΔQD: %×mm2/sec) at 5 (ΔQD5) and 10 s (ΔQD10) were obtained. RESULTS Reflection decreased from sound to demineralized groups (p < 0.0001); remineralized groups were higher than demineralized groups (p < 0.001), but not different from sound (p > 0.32). Roughness increased from sound to demineralized groups (p < 0.0001) and remineralized groups were also higher than sound (p < 0.0001). ΔQ10, ΔQD5 and ΔQD10 increased from sound to demineralized groups (p < 0.0001), and remineralized groups decreased compared to demineralized groups (p < 0.05), but was higher than sound (p < 0.0001). The correlations of μ-CT with reflection, roughness, and ΔQ10 were -0.63, 0.71, and 0.82, respectively (p < 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS Reflection, roughness and ΔQ could distinguish between sound and demineralized enamel. Reflection and ΔQ were able to distinguish between demineralized and remineralized enamel. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE Determination of caries activity, whether a lesion is active or inactive, is an essential and critical component of caries diagnosis. However, especially for enamel lesions, it is difficult to estimate without longitudinal follow-up. Reflection, roughness and fluorescence change during dehydration have the potential to measure caries lesion activity at a-single-appointment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masatoshi Ando
- Department of Cariology, Operative Dentistry and Dental Public Health, Indiana University School of Dentistry, United States.
| | - Margherita Fontana
- Department of Cariology and Restorative Sciences, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, United States
| | - George J Eckert
- Department of Biostatistics, Indiana University School of Medicine, United States
| | | | - Hui Zhang
- Computer Engineering & Computer Science, J.B. Speed School of Engineering, University of Louisville, United States
| | - Domenick T Zero
- Department of Cariology, Operative Dentistry and Dental Public Health, Indiana University School of Dentistry, United States
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Do bonding agents protect the bracket-periphery?—Evaluation by consecutive μCT scans and fluorescence measurements. Clin Oral Investig 2014; 19:159-68. [DOI: 10.1007/s00784-014-1378-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2014] [Accepted: 11/21/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Endo H, Kawamoto R, Takahashi F, Takenaka H, Yoshida F, Nojiri K, Takamizawa T, Miyazaki M. Evaluation of a calcium phosphate desensitizer using an ultrasonic device. Dent Mater J 2014; 32:456-61. [PMID: 23719008 DOI: 10.4012/dmj.2012-308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
This study evaluated the effect of a calcium phosphate desensitizer on the demineralization of bovine dentin by measuring changes in transmitted ultrasonic velocity. Bovine dentin specimens with and without application of desensitizer were immersed in 0.1 M lactic-acid buffer solution (pH 4.75) 10 min twice daily throughout the test period, and stored in artificial saliva solution (pH 7.0) between treatments. The propagation time of longitudinal ultrasonic waves was measured by a pulser-receiver. Data were evaluated using one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey HSD test (α=0.05). The ultrasonic velocity decreased over time in specimens stored in demineralizing solution (3,785-3,462 m/s); however, desensitizer-applied specimens had a significantly higher sonic velocity (3,945-3,990 m/s) than those without application. The calcium phosphate desensitizer appeared to reduce the demineralization of dentin and occluded dentinal tubules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hajime Endo
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Nihon University School of Dentistry, 1-8-13 Kandasurugadai, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-8310, Japan
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Sung YH, Kim HY, Son HH, Chang J. How to design in situ studies: an evaluation of experimental protocols. Restor Dent Endod 2014; 39:164-71. [PMID: 25110639 PMCID: PMC4125579 DOI: 10.5395/rde.2014.39.3.164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2013] [Accepted: 02/19/2014] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives Designing in situ models for caries research is a demanding procedure, as both clinical and laboratory parameters need to be incorporated in a single study. This study aimed to construct an informative guideline for planning in situ models relevant to preexisting caries studies. Materials and Methods An electronic literature search of the PubMed database was performed. A total 191 of full articles written in English were included and data were extracted from materials and methods. Multiple variables were analyzed in relation to the publication types, participant characteristics, specimen and appliance factors, and other conditions. Frequencies and percentages were displayed to summarize the data and the Pearson's chi-square test was used to assess a statistical significance (p < 0.05). Results There were many parameters commonly included in the majority of in situ models such as inclusion criteria, sample sizes, sample allocation methods, tooth types, intraoral appliance types, sterilization methods, study periods, outcome measures, experimental interventions, etc. Interrelationships existed between the main research topics and some parameters (outcome measures and sample allocation methods) among the evaluated articles. Conclusions It will be possible to establish standardized in situ protocols according to the research topics. Furthermore, data collaboration from comparable studies would be enhanced by homogeneous study designs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young-Hye Sung
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, Seoul National University School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hae-Young Kim
- Department of Dental Laboratory Science and Engineering, College of Health Science & Department of Public Health Science, Graduate School, Korea University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ho-Hyun Son
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, Seoul National University School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, Seoul, Korea
| | - Juhea Chang
- Clinic for Persons with Disabilities, Seoul National University Dental Hospital, Seoul National University School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, Seoul, Korea
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Gomez J, Pretty IA, Santarpia RP, Cantore B, Rege A, Petrou I, Ellwood RP. Quantitative light-induced fluorescence to measure enamel remineralization in vitro. Caries Res 2014; 48:223-7. [PMID: 24481051 DOI: 10.1159/000354655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2013] [Accepted: 07/19/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED The aim of this study was to compare the ability of quantitative light-induced fluorescence (QLF) and surface microhardness (SMH) to measure the remineralization of enamel subsurface lesions, using a pH-cycling model including treatment with 0-ppm, 550-ppm or 1,100-ppm sodium fluoride (NaF) dentifrices. METHODS Subsurface lesions were created in human enamel specimens (n = 36) and exposed to a remineralization pH-cycling model for 14 days. The pH-cycling model was performed in an automated system where specimens were subjected to a demineralizing solution for 20 min and treatment for 1 min and were then remineralized for 7 h 39 min, 3 times daily. The treatments consisted of 3 NaF, silica-containing dentifrices (0 ppm F; 550 ppm F; 1,100 ppm F). The outcome variables were: change from baseline in surface hardness and percentage change from baseline in fluorescence. An ANCOVA explored differences between different treatment groups (at the p < 0.05 level). Associations between QLF and SMH were evaluated using Spearman's correlation coefficient. RESULTS The percentage SMH changes were 14.9 ± 2.1%, 56.6 ± 9.6% and 103.9 ± 14.6% for the 0-, 550- and 1,100-ppm F dentifrices, respectively. The percentage fluorescence changes were 15.6 ± 7.1%, 59.8 ± 11.9% and 85 ± 13.2%, respectively. The differences between all pairwise comparisons were statistically significant for both methods (p = 0.001). QLF correlated with SMH (r = 0.67). CONCLUSIONS Both the SMH and QLF methods demonstrated a significant F dose response for toothpaste in this in vitro remineralization model, and both methods were able to distinguish treatments with different F levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Gomez
- The University of Manchester, School of Dentistry, Colgate-Palmolive Dental Health Unit, Williams House, Manchester Science Park, Lloyd St North, Manchester, M15 6SE, UK
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Utaka S, Nakashima S, Sadr A, Ikeda M, Nikaido T, Shimizu A, Tagami J. Cariotester, a new device for assessment of dentin lesion remineralization in vitro. Dent Mater J 2013; 32:241-7. [PMID: 23538759 DOI: 10.4012/dmj.2012-275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the potential of a new device (Cariotester) for monitoring of incipient carious lesion remineralization in root dentin by topical fluoride in vitro. Demineralized bovine dentin specimens were treated by fluoride solutions (APF or neutral NaF) and remineralized for 4 weeks. Cariotester was used to measure penetration depth (CTR depth) of the indenter into the de- and remineralized specimen surface. The specimens were assessed by transverse microradiography (TMR) to determine lesion parameters (depth: LD, mineral loss: ΔZ). Pearson's correlation analysis showed an overall significant relationship between CTR depth and both TMR parameters. CTR depth appeared to distinguish the positive effect that topical fluoride application had on the remineralization of the outer zone of dentin lesions. Cariotester had the potential to serve as a quantitative tool for monitoring of incipient carious lesion remineralization in root dentin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sachiko Utaka
- Cariology and Operative Dentistry, Department of Oral Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
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Abstract
During the ICNARA 2 conference, a workshop was held on remineralization models. The group considered the role of remineralization models, whether there was one ideal in situ model design, what essential features should be incorporated into an in situ model, other alternative models, and what new methods for measuring remineralization were on the horizon. This paper summarizes the discussion. In situ and other caries models can be used as a surrogate for caries clinical trials but only when data exist to validate the model. In situ model design should be flexible to allow for investigation of different aspects of the caries process; however, several essential features were identified that should be incorporated into the study design. A range of other caries models was discussed, including the study of non-cavitated lesions, lesions post-orthodontic therapy, plaque retention models to form more standardized lesions, and the study of root caries lesions. Numerous new methods for quantifying remineralization were discussed, but it was considered that these require validation before they can be used in clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- N.J. Cochrane
- Oral Health Cooperative Research Centre, Melbourne Dental School, Bio 21 Institute, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - D.T. Zero
- Indiana University School of Dentistry, Oral Health Research Institute, Indianapolis, USA
| | - E.C. Reynolds
- Oral Health Cooperative Research Centre, Melbourne Dental School, Bio 21 Institute, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
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MURAYAMA R, FURUICHI T, YOKOKAWA M, TAKAHASHI F, KAWAMOTO R, TAKAMIZAWA T, KUROKAWA H, MIYAZAKI M. Ultrasonic investigation of the effect of S-PRG filler-containing coating material on bovine tooth demineralization. Dent Mater J 2012. [DOI: 10.4012/dmj.2012-153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Zhang L, Zou L, Li J, Hao Y, Xiao L, Zhou X, Li W. Effect of enamel organic matrix on the potential of
Galla chinensis
to promote the remineralization of initial enamel carious lesions
in vitro. Biomed Mater 2009; 4:034102. [DOI: 10.1088/1748-6041/4/3/034102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Paradella TC, Koga-Ito CY, Jorge AOC. Ability of different restorative materials to preventin situsecondary caries: analysis by polarized light-microscopy and energy-dispersive X-ray. Eur J Oral Sci 2008; 116:375-80. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0722.2008.00544.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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12
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Feng Y, Yin W, Hu D, Zhang YP, Ellwood RP, Pretty IA. Assessment of Autofluorescence to Detect the Remineralization Capabilities of Sodium Fluoride, Monofluorophosphate and Non-Fluoride Dentifrices. Caries Res 2007; 41:358-64. [PMID: 17713335 DOI: 10.1159/000104793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2006] [Accepted: 12/27/2006] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of the study was to determine if longitudinal measurements of enamel autofluorescence (quantitative light-induced fluorescence, QLF) could detect differences in remineralization of early enamel caries on buccal surfaces of anterior teeth following supervised daily brushing with either sodium fluoride (NaF; 1,450 ppm F), sodium monofluorophosphate (MFP; 1,450 ppm F) dentifrices or a herbal, non-fluoride placebo dentifrice. The study was a pragmatic cluster-randomized controlled trial with schools as the unit of randomization. Twenty-one schools in Chengdu, China, comprised the clusters; 296 children with at least 1 visible white-spot lesion were examined using QLF at baseline and after 3 and 6 months. Each of the 21 clusters was randomly assigned 1 of the 3 dentifrices, and the children brushed under supervision once per day for 2 min. The primary outcome measure was deltaQ (product of fluorescence loss and area) at a 5% threshold after 6 months of product use. A multi-level model was fitted to the data at the site level, taking into account the hierarchical structure with baseline deltaQ, age and sex as covariates. After 3 months there was a significant difference between the MFP group and placebo (p = 0.02) and after 6 months between the NaF group (p = 0.002), MFP group (p < 0.001) and the placebo. QLF methodology could detect, within 3- and 6-month periods of supervised brushing, a difference in remineralization between fluoride-containing and non-fluoride-containing dentifrices. Typically lesions in all 3 treatment groups demonstrated improvement. Groups receiving fluoride experienced a more rapid and more substantial remineralization than those in the placebo group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Feng
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, West China College of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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Yamaguchi K, Miyazaki M, Takamizawa T, Inage H, Moore BK. Effect of CPP–ACP paste on mechanical properties of bovine enamel as determined by an ultrasonic device. J Dent 2006; 34:230-6. [PMID: 16112336 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2005.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2005] [Revised: 06/07/2005] [Accepted: 06/13/2005] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of Casein Phosphopeptide-Amorphous Calcium Phosphate (CPP-ACP) paste on demineralization of bovine enamel by measuring changes in the ultrasound transmission velocity. METHODS The enamel specimens were prepared by cutting bovine teeth into blocks. The specimens were stored in 0.1 M lactic acid buffer solution (pH 4.75, Ca 0.75 mM, P 0.45 mM) for 10 min twice a day, and then stored in the artificial saliva (pH 7.0). Other specimens were stored in a 10-times diluted solution of CPP-ACP paste and a placebo paste without CPP-ACP for 10 min, followed by 10 min immersion into a demineralization solution twice a day before storage in the artificial saliva. The propagation time of longitudinal ultrasonic waves was measured by a Pulser-Receiver (Model 5900, Panametrics) with a transducer (V112, Panametrics). Six specimens were used for each condition, and one-way ANOVAs followed by the Tukey HSD tests (alpha = 0.05) were done. RESULTS The sonic velocity was found to decrease with time for specimens stored in the demineralization solution. On the other hand, a significant increase in sonic velocity was found for specimens stored in the CPP-ACP solution. CONCLUSIONS From the result of this study, it was suggested that the conditions of de- and remineralization of the enamel structure could be measured non-destructively by using an ultrasonic pulse method. It could be concluded that the inorganic components contained in high concentrations in CPP-ACP acted to enhance remineralization of the enamel structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kanako Yamaguchi
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Nihon University Graduate School of Dentistry, 1-8-13, Kanda-Surugadai, Tokyo 101-8310, Japan
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