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Wyatt TD, Roberts HW. Simulated Hydrostatic Pulpal Pressure Effect on Microleakage-An Initial Study. Oper Dent 2024; 49:290-299. [PMID: 38632850 DOI: 10.2341/23-123-l] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study's purpose was to evaluate the effect of simulated in vitro hydrostatic pulpal pressure (HPP) on microleakage. METHODS AND MATERIALS Extracted third molars (n=12) were sectioned 5 mm below the cementoenamel junction, pulp tissue removed, and the sectioned crowns mounted on a Plexiglas plate penetrated by an 18-gauge stainless steel tube. The mounted specimen mesial surface received a 2×4×6 mm Class V preparation followed by restoration with a strongly acidic, one-step dental adhesive and a flowable microfilled resin, following all manufacturers' instructions. Restorations were finished to contour, and tubing was attached to a 20-cm elevated, 0.2% rhodamine G reservoir to the specimen steel tube for 48 hours. Specimens then received a nail polish coating to within 1 mm of the restoration margins and were placed in 2% methylene blue (MB) dye for 24 hours, followed by rinsing, embedding in epoxy resin, and sectioning into 1 mm slices using a diamond saw. Controls were intact molars (n=12) processed as above but without HPP. Specimen slices were evaluated using laser confocal microscopy with images exported to ImageJ software with microleakage assessed as the MB linear penetration as a percentage of the total interfacial wall length. Mean values were evaluated with the Kruskal Wallis/Dunn test at a 95% confidence level. RESULTS The control specimens demonstrated significantly greater (p<0.0001) MB penetration than experimental specimens with simulated HPP. Under this study's conditions, simulated HPP significantly decreased MB dye penetration. CONCLUSION Studies accomplished without simulated HPP may overestimate microleakage results.
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Affiliation(s)
- T D Wyatt
- Taylor D Wyatt DMD, dental student, University of Kentucky College of Dentistry, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - H W Roberts
- *Howard W Roberts DMD MS, associate professor, University of Kentucky College of Dentistry, Lexington, KY, USA
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Reda SA, Hussein YF, Riad M. The impact of Bis-GMA free and Bis-GMA containing resin composite as posterior restoration on marginal integrity: a randomized controlled clinical trial. BMC Oral Health 2023; 23:1022. [PMID: 38114979 PMCID: PMC10731870 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-023-03759-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There have been concerns surrounding the utilization of Bis-GMA, a type of bisphenol A (BPA) derivative, within the dental industry. The aim of this study was to compare the performance of bulk fill Bis-GMA-free resin composite class II restorations in respect of its marginal integrity in comparison to bulk fill Bis-GMA-containing resin composite class II restorations over a 12-month period in a parallel clinical trial utilizing a split-mouth, double-blind, randomized strategy. METHODS 20 patients participated in this study. Each patient has received one pair of class II posterior restorations, Bis-GMA-free (Admira fusion x-tra), and Bis-GMA containing (x-tra fil) on each side of the mouth (split-mouth strategy), (n = 40). The restorations' marginal integrity was evaluated based on Ryge's criteria (modified USPHS) at baseline (after 1 week), as well as 1 month, 3 months, 6 months, 9 months, and after 12 months of follow-up by two calibrated examiners. The statistical analyses utilizing the Friedman and Wilcoxon tests, the significance level was adjusted to 0.05. RESULTS Following the 12-month period, all patients attended the recall visits to evaluate the restorations. The Wilcoxon signed-rank and Friedman tests, revealed that both types of bulk fill had 100% of Alpha (A) scores at baseline and after 1 month with no significant statistical differences. After 3, 6, 9, and 12 months, both tested bulk fill restorations showed Bravo (B) score with Bis-GMA free 10% and 5% for Bis-GMA containing with no statistically significant difference (p ≤ 0.05) for clinical marginal integrity parameter in USPHS criteria. CONCLUSIONS Bis-GMA-free resin composites demonstrated satisfactory, marginal integrity compared with Bis-GMA-containing resin composites within 12 months. TRIAL REGISTRATION The protocol of the current study was registered at www. CLINICALTRIALS gov , with the identification number NCT05480852 on 29/07/2022. All procedures involving human participants were performed in accordance with the ethical standards of the Research Ethics Committee of the Faculty of Dentistry, Minia University, Egypt, under the approval number 419 on 27/06/2020.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Ahmed Reda
- Operative Dentistry Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Minia University, Minia, Egypt
| | - Yasser Fathi Hussein
- Dental Biomaterials Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Minia University, Minia, 61519, Egypt
| | - Mona Riad
- Conservative Dentistry Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Cairo University, 11 El-Saraya St, Manial, Cairo, 11553, Egypt.
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AlSagob EI, Bardwell DN, Ali AO, Khayat SG, Stark PC. Comparison of microleakage between bulk-fill flowable and nanofilled resin-based composites. Interv Med Appl Sci 2018; 10:102-109. [PMID: 30363354 PMCID: PMC6167621 DOI: 10.1556/1646.10.2018.07] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim The objective was to compare the marginal leakage (silver nitrate uptake) of nanohybrid resin-based composite (RBC) and two bulk-fill flowable RBCs with specific clinical protocols. Methods Four experimental groups of RBC were investigated including conventional composite Filtek™ Supreme in 2 mm increment (FS2), Filtek™ Supreme in 4 mm increment (FS4), Filtek™ Supreme Flowable (BFF), and SureFil® SDR® flow (SDR). Class II box preparation (4 × 4 × 3 mm) in extracted intact human molars was carried out and restored using the experimental groups, all according to the manufacturers’ recommendations except FS4. Samples were aged by thermocycling (2,000 cycles). Microleakage was calculated by measuring dye penetration in sectioned teeth using a stereomicroscope. Level of significance was set at P < 0.05. Results BFF and FS2 exhibited the least dye penetration and microleakage measurement with no significant difference between the two groups, followed by SDR. FS4 showed the highest microleakage with significant difference in comparison with BFF and FS2. Gingival microleakage was found to be significantly higher than occlusal microleakage. Conclusion The microleakage of the bulk-fill composites BFF and SDR are comparable with conventional composite FS2; however, it is more predictable to use FS2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eman I AlSagob
- Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Prosthodontics and Operative Dentistry, School of Dental Medicine, Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - David N Bardwell
- Department of Prosthodontics and Operative Dentistry, School of Dental Medicine, Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ala O Ali
- Department of Prosthodontics and Operative Dentistry, School of Dental Medicine, Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Samer G Khayat
- Department of Prosthodontics and Operative Dentistry, School of Dental Medicine, Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Paul C Stark
- Department of Advanced and Graduate Education, School of Dental Medicine, Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA
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Tavangar M, Zohri Z, Sheikhnezhad H, Shahbeig S. Comparison of Microleakage of Class V Cavities restored with the Embrace WetBond Class V Composite Resin and Conventional Opallis Composite Resin. J Contemp Dent Pract 2017; 18:867-873. [PMID: 28989122 DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10024-2141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study was undertaken to compare the micro-leakage of class V cavities restored with the newly introduced Embrace WetBond class V (EWC) composite resin and conventional Opallis composite resin. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this in vitro study, class V cavities were prepared on 30 extracted bovine incisors, with the gingival floor and the coronal margin of the cavities 1 mm apical and coronal to the cementoenamel junction (CEJ) respectively. The cavities measured 3 mm in length, 2 mm in width, and 1.5 mm in depth. The teeth were randomly divided into two groups. In group I, the cavities were restored with Opallis composite resin in association with ExciTE adhesive system (total-etch); in group II, the EWC composite resin was used for restorations. After 500 thermocycling procedures, the teeth were immersed in 0.5% fuchsin solution for 24 hours. Then, the samples were placed within a polyester model and sectioned in the buccolingual direction. The samples were evaluated under a stereomicroscope at ×30 for the penetration of dye. The enamel and dentin margins were evaluated separately. To test ordinal results, we used nonparametric statistical methods. To find out whether each independent composite groups I and II came from the same populations, we used Mann-Whitney U test and to compare two related samples' coronal margin and gingival margin, Wilcoxon signed-rank test was used. RESULTS There was significantly more microleakage in group II at both the enamel and dentin margins (coronal margin: p = 0.04; gingival margin: p = 0.21). In both groups, microleakage at gingival margins was significantly higher than that at coronal margins (group I: p = 0.008; group II: p = 0.26). CONCLUSION Despite the high speed and the short process of restoration with Embrace WetBond, it is not a reliable restorative material for class V cavities due to its inadequate marginal seal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Tavangar
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Dental School, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Zahra Zohri
- Department of Periodontics, School of Dentistry, Shahed University, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran, Phone: +982188959210, e-mail:
| | - Hosein Sheikhnezhad
- Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Guilan University, Rasht, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Shahrzad Shahbeig
- Department of Periodontics, School of Dentistry, Shahed University, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran
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Clinical performance of a glass ionomer restorative system: a 6-year evaluation. Clin Oral Investig 2016; 21:2335-2343. [DOI: 10.1007/s00784-016-2028-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2015] [Accepted: 12/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Kim GE, Leme-Kraus AA, Phansalkar R, Viana G, Wu C, Chen SN, Pauli GF, Bedran-Russo A. Effect of Bioactive Primers on Bacterial-Induced Secondary Caries at the Tooth-Resin Interface. Oper Dent 2016; 42:196-202. [PMID: 27892838 DOI: 10.2341/16-107-l] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Secondary caries at the tooth-resin interface is the primary reason for replacement of resin composite restorations. The tooth-resin interface is formed by the interlocking of resin material with hydroxyapatite crystals in enamel and collagen mesh structure in dentin. Efforts to strengthen the tooth-resin interface have identified chemical agents with dentin collagen cross-linking potential and antimicrobial activities. The purpose of the present study was to assess protective effects of bioactive primer against secondary caries development around enamel and dentin margins of class V restorations, using an in vitro bacterial caries model. Class V composite restorations were prepared on 60 bovine teeth (n=15) with pretreatment of the cavity walls with control buffer solution, an enriched fraction of grape seed extract (e-GSE), 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethyl aminopropyl)-carbodiimide/N-hydroxysuccinimide, or chlorhexidine digluconate. After incubating specimens in a bacterial model with Streptococcus mutans for four days, dentin and enamel were assessed by fluorescence microscopy. Results revealed that only the naturally occurring product, e-GSE, significantly inhibited the development of secondary caries immediately adjacent to the dentin-resin interface, as indicated by the caries inhibition zone. No inhibitory effects were observed in enamel margins. The results suggest that the incorporation of e-GSE into components of the adhesive system may inhibit secondary caries and potentially contribute to the protection of highly vulnerable dentin-resin margins.
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Redwan H, Bardwell DN, Ali A, Finkelman M, Khayat S, Weber HP. Composite Replacement of Amalgam Restoration Versus Freshly Cut Dentin: An In Vitro Microleakage Comparison. Oper Dent 2016; 41:E73-82. [PMID: 26918923 DOI: 10.2341/14-278-l] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to evaluate the microleakage of the composite restorations when bonded to tooth structure previously restored with amalgam material compared with that of freshly cut dentin. METHODS AND MATERIALS Thirty intact, extracted intact human molars were mounted in autopolymerizing acrylic resin. Class II box preparations were prepared on the occluso-proximal surfaces of each tooth (4-mm bucco-lingual width and 2-mm mesio-distal depth) with the gingival cavosurface margin 1 mm above the CEJ. Each cavity was then restored using high copper amalgam restoration (Disperalloy, Dentsply) and then thermocycled for 10,000 thermal cycles. Twenty-five of the amalgam restorations were then carefully removed and replaced with Filtek Supreme Ultra Universal (3M ESPE); the remaining five were used for scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy analysis. A preparation of the same dimensions was performed on the opposite surface of the tooth and restored with composite resin and thermocycled for 5000 thermal cycles. Twenty samples were randomly selected for dye penetration testing using silver nitrate staining to detect the microleakage. The specimens were analyzed with a stereomicroscope at a magnification of 20×. All of the measurements were done in micrometers; two readings were taken for each cavity at the occlusal and proximal margins. Two measurements were taken using a 0-3 scale and the percentage measurements. RESULTS Corrosion products were not detected in either group (fresh cut dentin and teeth previously restored with amalgam). No statistically significant difference was found between the microleakage of the two groups using a 0-3 scale at the occlusal margins (McNemar test, p=0.727) or proximal margins (Wilcoxon signed-rank test, p=0.174). No significance difference was found between the two groups using the percentage measurements and a Wilcoxon signed-rank test at either the occlusal (p=0.675) or proximal (p=0.513) margins. However, marginal microleakage was statistically significant between the proximal and occlusal margins (p<0.001). CONCLUSION Within the limitations of this in vitro study, no significant difference was found between the microleakage of nondiscolored dentin in teeth that were previously restored with amalgam compared with freshly cut dentin. However, marginal microleakage in the proximal surface was higher than that in the occlusal surface.
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Bayraktar Y, Ercan E, Hamidi MM, Çolak H. One-year clinical evaluation of different types of bulk-fill composites. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016; 8. [PMID: 26800647 DOI: 10.1111/jicd.12210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2015] [Accepted: 12/12/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
AIM In the present study, we evaluated the 1-year clinical performance of a conventional posterior composite resin and three bulk-fill composite resins. METHODS Fifty patients with four class II restorations under occlusion were enrolled in the present study. A total of 200 restorations were placed in the cavity, 50 for each material (Clearfil Photo Posterior, Filtek Bulk-Fill Flowable and Filtek P60, Tetric EvoCeram Bulk-Fill, and SonicFill). One operator placed the restorations in the cavity, and 1 week later the patients were called for baseline examination. Two calibrated examiners evaluated the restorations once every 3 months for 1 year, according to United States Public Health Service criteria. The data were analyzed using SPSS. Non-parametric tests (Kruskal-Wallis, Mann-Whitney U-test, and Friedman) were used for the analysis at a confidence level of 95%. RESULTS The 1-year recall rate was 86%. All restorations showed minor modifications after 1 year. However, no statistically-significant differences were detected between the materials' performance at baseline and after 1 year for all criteria (P > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS The bulk-fill composite resin materials showed similar clinical performance when compared with a conventional posterior composite resin. Further evaluations are necessary for the long-term clinical performance of these materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusuf Bayraktar
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentisty, Kırıkkale University, Kırıkkale, Turkey
| | - Ertuğrul Ercan
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentisty, Kırıkkale University, Kırıkkale, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Mustafa Hamidi
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentisty, Kırıkkale University, Kırıkkale, Turkey
| | - Hakan Çolak
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentisty, Zirve University, Gaziantep, Turkey
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Şişman R, Aksoy A, Yalçın M, Karaöz E. Cytotoxic effects of bulk fill composite resins on human dental pulp stem cells. J Oral Sci 2016; 58:299-305. [DOI: 10.2334/josnusd.15-0603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Reyhan Şişman
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Inonu
| | - Ayça Aksoy
- Faculty of Bioengineering, Institute of Science, Yildiz Technical University
| | - Muhammet Yalçın
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Inonu
| | - Erdal Karaöz
- Liv Hospital, Center for Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research and Manufacturing
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10
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Kaur J, Kapoor D, Garg D, Sunil MK, Sawhney A, Malaviya N, Tripathi S, Arora S. Evaluation of Microleakage of Dental Composites Using Bonding Agents with Different Placement Techniques: An Invitro Study. J Clin Diagn Res 2015; 9:ZC61-4. [PMID: 26501015 DOI: 10.7860/jcdr/2015/14356.6506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2015] [Accepted: 08/06/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The rapid progress of adhesive dentistry over the past decade has been attributed to the significant advances in dentin bonding technology. Requirements of an ideal bonding agent are quite similar to those indicated by Buonocore despite of many improvements. As we enter the new millennium, it is important for us to examine the past. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the microleakage of three bonding agents namely Single Bond, Prime & Bond NT and Excite using different composite materials namely Z100, Spectrum TPH, Tetric with three different placement techniques. MATERIALS AND METHODS Fifty four extracted human premolars were taken & divided into 9 groups depending upon application of bonding agents followed by composite restorations. Specimens were subjected to thermal cycling at 6(0)C, 37(0)C, 54(0)C and again at 37(0)C & then placed in 10 ml each of freshly prepared 50% silver nitrate solution for 2 hour in darkness, washed & placed under sun light for 24 hours. The sectioned specimens were then observed under stereomicroscope to detect microleakage. RESULTS On comparing the mean microleakage scores among the three groups, maximum microleakage scores have been obtained when no bonding agent was used, while least microleakage scores were obtained with double coat of bonding agent. CONCLUSION The present study suggests that the placement of bonding agent technique before composite restoration can be effective to limit the microleakage at the tooth restoration interface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasvir Kaur
- Senior Lecturer, Department of Pedodontics, Bjs Dental College , Ludhiana, India
| | - Deepika Kapoor
- Lecturer, Department of Pedodontics, College of Medical Sciences , Bharatpur, Nepal
| | - Deepanshu Garg
- Lecturer, Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, College of Medical Sciences , Bharatpur, Nepal
| | - M K Sunil
- Professor and Hod, Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Gnddc , Sunam
| | - Anshul Sawhney
- Assistant Professor, Department of Periodontics, Ucms , Bhairahawa Nepal
| | - Neha Malaviya
- Assistant Professor, Department of Prosthodontics, Ucms , Bhairahawa, Nepal
| | - Shashank Tripathi
- Assistant Professor, Department of Oral Surgery, Ucms , Bhairahawa Nepal
| | - Saloni Arora
- PG Student, Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Gnddc , Sunam, India
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Akbar I. Knowledge and attitudes of general dental practitioners towards posterior composite restorations in northern saudi arabia. J Clin Diagn Res 2015; 9:ZC61-4. [PMID: 25859528 DOI: 10.7860/jcdr/2015/11843.5610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2014] [Accepted: 12/27/2014] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The restoration of posterior teeth with composite restoration is a common clinical practice nowadays. Opinions regarding posterior composite restorations vary among dentists. The aim of the present study was to determine the knowledge and opinions of general dental practitioners towards composite resins for posterior teeth restorations. MATERIALS AND METHODS A questionnaire was devised to elicit information regarding placement of composite restoration in posterior teeth in northern Saudi Arabia. It was distributed to 230 dentists by hand and e-mail. A response rate 136 (59%) was obtained. The questionnaire sought details about case selection criteria for composite restoration, problems associated with composites and reasons for selecting composite restoration in posterior teeth. The data was processed and analysed by SPSS statistical software 19. Frequencies and percentages were calculated for various responses of the participants. RESULTS Regarding the selection of composite restoration in posterior teeth, 97% of the dentists did not prefer composite placement for class I restoration with heavy occlusal contacts. 83% of the participants did not select composite for class II restoration. 78% of the respondents opted for restoring composites in small defects. Patients' aesthetic demands (90%), amalgam replacement (22%) and restoration of endodontically treated teeth (42%) were the contributing factors. Regarding the problems associated with posterior composite restorations. Recurrent caries (87%), post-operative sensitivity (84%), restoration fracture (83%) and polymerization shrinkage (73%) were the major problems reported by respondents associated with composite restorations. The other minor concerns were wear (60%), contact build up in case of class II cavity restorations (51%) and isolation for composite restorations (36%). Conservative cavity preparation (78%), aesthetics (73%) and patient preference (65%) were the main reasons for choosing composite restoration for the posterior teeth. CONCLUSION Posterior composites are not popular among dentists practicing in northern Saudi Arabia and there is a need of continued professional education and clinical training for the dentists for posterior composite restorations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iftikhar Akbar
- Assistant Professsor, Department of Conservative Dentistry, College of Dentistry, Aljouf University , Sakaka, Saudi Arabia
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Evaluation of marginal integrity of four bulk-fill dental composite materials: in vitro study. ScientificWorldJournal 2015; 2015:701262. [PMID: 25874254 PMCID: PMC4385685 DOI: 10.1155/2015/701262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2014] [Revised: 11/10/2014] [Accepted: 11/30/2014] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective. The aim of the study was to compare under in vitro conditions marginal sealing of 4 different bulk-fill materials composite restorations of class II. Methods. Comparative evaluation concerned 4 composites of a bulk-fill type: SonicFill, Tetric EvoCeram Bulk Fill, Filtek Bulk Fill, and SDR. The study used 30 third molars without caries. In each tooth 4 cavities of class II were prepared. The prepared tooth samples were placed in a 1% methylene blue solution for 24 h, and after that in each restoration the depth of dye penetration along the side walls was evaluated. Results. The highest rating (score 0, no dye penetration) was achieved by 93.33% of the restorations made of the SDR material, 90% of restorations of SonicFill system, 86.66% of restorations of the composite Filtek Bulk Fill, and 73.33% of restorations of the Tetric EvoCeram Bulk Fill. Conclusion. The performed study showed that bulk-fill flowable or sonic-activated flowable composite restorations have better marginal sealing (lack of discoloration) in comparison with bulk-fill paste-like composite.
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Karaman E, Yazici AR, Aksoy B, Karabulut E, Ozgunaltay G, Dayangac B. Effect of operator variability on microleakage with different adhesive systems. Eur J Dent 2014; 7:S060-S065. [PMID: 24966730 PMCID: PMC4054081 DOI: 10.4103/1305-7456.119075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of operator variability on microleakage with different adhesive systems. Materials and Methods: A total of 180 standardized Class V cavities were prepared on facial and lingual of 90 extracted human premolar teeth and randomly assigned to five groups according to the adhesive systems used (n = 36): Prime and Bond NT (PB), Single Bond (SB), Futura Bond NR, Xeno III (XE) and Adper Prompt-L-Pop (LP). The adhesive groups were then further subdivided into three operator groups according to level of clinical experience (n = 12): An undergraduate student, a research assistant and a faculty member. All cavities were restored with same composite resin. The restored teeth were thermocycled (500 cycles, 5-55°C) then immersed in 0.5% basic fuchsin and measured for leakage under a stereomicroscope. Statistical analyses were performed with the Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney U tests. Results: Significant inter-operator variation was found in the enamel margins in the XE group with significantly higher microleakage when used by the undergraduate student (P < 0.05). Although no significant differences in microleakage were found between adhesive systems for the research assistant and faculty member (P > 0.05), significant differences were observed between PB and LP, PB and XE, SB and LP and SB and XE in the enamel margins for the undergraduate student (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Microleakage of adhesive systems is more dependent on interactions between the operator and adhesive material than on the choice of adhesive material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emel Karaman
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Ondokuz Mayıs University, Samsun, Turkiye
| | - A Ruya Yazici
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkiye
| | - Burak Aksoy
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkiye
| | - Erdem Karabulut
- Department of Biostatistics, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkiye
| | - Gul Ozgunaltay
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkiye
| | - Berrin Dayangac
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkiye
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Borges FB, Kochhann DE Lima EL, Machado FW, Boscato N, Van De Sande FH, Moraes RRD, Cenci MS. Effect of cariogenic challenge on the stability of dentin bonds. J Appl Oral Sci 2014; 22:68-72. [PMID: 24626251 PMCID: PMC3908767 DOI: 10.1590/1678-775720130011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2013] [Accepted: 12/03/2013] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective The oral environment is subject to biofilm accumulation and cariogenic challenge,
and few studies exist on the effect of these factors on the bond strength of
adhesive systems. The aim of this study was to test if the exposure of adhesive
interfaces to cariogenic challenge under biofilm accumulation could promote higher
degradation than the exposure to biofilm accumulation alone. Material And Methods Five molars were ground until exposure of medium dentin and then restored (Single
Bond 2 and Z250 3M ESPE). The tooth/resin sets were cut to obtain beam-shaped
specimens, which were distributed according to the aging conditions (n=20): water
for 24 h (control); biofilm under cariogenic challenge for 3, 5 or 10 days;
biofilm without cariogenic challenge for 10 days; and water for 3 months.
Microcosm biofilms were formed from human saliva and grown in a saliva analogue
medium, supplemented or not with sucrose to promote cariogenic challenge.
Specimens were tested for microtensile bond strength, and failure modes were
classified using light microscopy. Bond strength data were analyzed using ANOVA
and failure modes were analyzed using ANOVA on ranks (α=0.05). Results No significant differences in bond strength were detected among the aging methods
(P=0.248). The aging period was associated with an increase in the frequency of
adhesive failures for the groups aged for 10 days or longer (P<0.001). Conclusion Aging leads to a higher prevalence of interfacial adhesive failures, although this
effect is not associated with cariogenic challenge or reduction in bond
strengths.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda Blos Borges
- Federal University of Pelotas, School of Dentistry, PelotasRS, Brazil, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Pelotas (UFPel), Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Ellen Luísa Kochhann DE Lima
- Federal University of Pelotas, School of Dentistry, PelotasRS, Brazil, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Pelotas (UFPel), Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Wiengärtner Machado
- Federal University of Pelotas, School of Dentistry, PelotasRS, Brazil, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Pelotas (UFPel), Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Noéli Boscato
- Federal University of Pelotas, School of Dentistry, Graduate Program in Dentistry, PelotasRS, Brazil, Graduate Program in Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Pelotas (UFPel), Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Françoise Hélène Van De Sande
- Federal University of Pelotas, School of Dentistry, Graduate Program in Dentistry, PelotasRS, Brazil, Graduate Program in Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Pelotas (UFPel), Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Rafael Ratto de Moraes
- Federal University of Pelotas, School of Dentistry, Graduate Program in Dentistry, PelotasRS, Brazil, Graduate Program in Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Pelotas (UFPel), Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Maximiliano Sérgio Cenci
- Federal University of Pelotas, School of Dentistry, Graduate Program in Dentistry, PelotasRS, Brazil, Graduate Program in Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Pelotas (UFPel), Pelotas, RS, Brazil
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Dietschi D, Argente A, Krejci I, Mandikos M. In Vitro Performance of Class I and II Composite Restorations: A Literature Review on Nondestructive Laboratory Trials—Part I. Oper Dent 2013; 38:E166-81. [DOI: 10.2341/12-020a-lit] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT
Posterior adhesive restorations are a basic procedure in general dental practices, but their application remains poorly standardized as a result of the number of available options. An abundant number of study hypotheses corresponding to almost unlimited combinations of preparation techniques, adhesive procedures, restorative options, and materials have been described in the literature and submitted to various evaluation protocols. A literature review was thus conducted on adhesive Class I and II restorations and nondestructive in vitro tests using the PubMed/Medline database for the 1995-2010 period. The first part of this review discusses the selected literature related to photoelasticity, finite element analysis (FEM), and microleakage protocols. Based on the aforementioned evaluation methods, the following parameters proved influential: cavity dimensions and design, activation mode (light or chemical), type of curing light, layering technique, and composite structure or physical characteristics. Photoelasticity has various limitations and has been largely (and advantageously) replaced by the FEM technique. The results of microleakage studies proved to be highly inconsistent, and the further use of this technique should be strictly limited. Other study protocols for adhesive Class II restorations were also reviewed and will be addressed in part II of this article, together with a tentative relevance hierarchy of selected in vitro methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Dietschi
- Didier Dietschi, DMD, PhD, privat-docent, School of Dentistry, University of Geneva, Cariology & Endodontics, Geneva, Geneva CH 1205, Switzerland
| | - A Argente
- Ana Argente, DMD, School of Dentistry, University of Geneva, Cariology & Endodontics, Geneva, Geneva CH 1205, Switzerland
| | - I Krejci
- Ivo Krejci, Geneva School of Dentistry, Department of Cariology and Endodontology, Geneva, 1205, Switzerland
| | - M Mandikos
- Michael Mandikos, Brisbane Prosthodontics, Graceville, Queensland 4075, Australia
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Correlation between degree of conversion, resin-dentin bond strength and nanoleakage of simplified etch-and-rinse adhesives. Dent Mater 2013; 29:921-8. [PMID: 23830512 DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2013.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2012] [Revised: 04/18/2013] [Accepted: 05/02/2013] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to correlate the degree of conversion measured inside the hybrid layer (DC) with the microtensile resin-dentin bond strength (μTBS) and silver nitrate uptake or nanoleakage (SNU) for five simplified etch-and-rinse adhesive systems. METHODS Fifty-five caries free extracted molars were used in this study. Thirty teeth were used for μTBS/SNU [n=6] and 25 teeth for DC [n=5]. The dentin surfaces were bonded with the following adhesives: Adper Single Bond 2 (SB), Ambar (AB), XP Bond (XP), Tetric N-Bond (TE) and Stae (ST) followed by composite resin build-ups. For μTBS and SNU test, bonded teeth were sectioned in order to obtain stick-shaped specimens (0.8mm(2)), which were tested under tensile stress (0.5mm/min). Three bonded sticks, from each tooth, were not tested in tensile stress and they were immersed in 50% silver nitrate, photo-developed and analyzed by scanning electron microscopy. Longitudinal 1-mm thick sections were prepared for the teeth assigned for DC measurement and evaluated by micro-Raman spectroscopy. RESULTS ST showed lowest DC, μTBS, and higher SNU (p<0.05). All other adhesives showed similar DC, μTBS, and SNU (p>0.05), except for TE which showed an intermediate SNU level. The DC was positively correlated with μTBS and negatively correlated with SNU (p<0.05). SNU was also negatively correlated with μTBS (p<0.05). SIGNIFICANCE The measurement of DC inside the hybrid layer can provide some information about bonding performance of adhesive systems since this property showed a good correlation with resin-dentin bond strength and SNU values.
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Hass V, Luque-Martinez I, Sabino NB, Loguercio AD, Reis A. Prolonged exposure times of one-step self-etch adhesives on adhesive properties and durability of dentine bonds. J Dent 2012; 40:1090-102. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2012.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2012] [Revised: 08/28/2012] [Accepted: 09/09/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
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Bonding and sealing ability of a new self-adhering flowable composite resin in class I restorations. Clin Oral Investig 2012; 17:1497-506. [PMID: 23086332 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-012-0846-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2011] [Accepted: 09/17/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this study is to assess by means of shear bond strength tests (SBS), microleakage analysis (μLKG), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) the bonding potential and sealing ability of a new self-adhering composite resin. MATERIALS AND METHODS SBS and μLKG of Vertise Flow (VF, Kerr) were measured and compared to the all-in-one adhesive systems G-Bond (GB, GC), AdheSE One (AO, Ivoclar Vivadent), Adper Easy Bond (EB, 3M ESPE), Xeno V (XV, Dentsply), and iBOND (iB, Heraeus Kulzer). For each system, 20 molars were tested for SBS on dentin (n = 10) and enamel (n = 10). For μLKG assessment, 12 premolars per group were selected and small, box-shaped cavities were made. After restoration, the teeth were immersed in 50 wt% silver nitrate solution for 24 h. For each group, 10 randomly selected specimens were processed for leakage calculations, while two of the specimens were examined under SEM. Between-group differences in SBS to dentin and μLKG were assessed using Kruskal-Wallis analysis of variance followed by the Dunn's Multiple Range test. Enamel SBS data were analyzed with one-way ANOVA, followed by the Tukey test. RESULTS On dentin and enamel, VF recorded the lowest SBS values that were statistically comparable to those measured by GB, iB, and AO. μLKG analysis showed the lowest percentage of stained interface for VF. Significantly greater extent of infiltration was seen for iB and EB. CONCLUSIONS Although VF resulted in lower bond strengths values on either dental substrate, better marginal sealing ability was visualized in comparison with all-in-one adhesive systems. CLINICAL RELEVANCE The results of the present study demonstrated satisfactory in vitro outcome of the self-adhering flowable composite resin VF when used to restore class I cavities.
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Bakhsh TA, Sadr A, Shimada Y, Mandurah MM, Hariri I, Alsayed EZ, Tagami J, Sumi Y. Concurrent evaluation of composite internal adaptation and bond strength in a class-I cavity. J Dent 2012; 41:60-70. [PMID: 23044389 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2012.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2012] [Revised: 09/29/2012] [Accepted: 10/02/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study investigated class-I cavity floor adaptation by swept-source optical coherence tomography (OCT) in combination with microtensile bond strength (MTBS) using different filling methods. METHODS Two adhesive systems; Tokuyama Bond Force and Tri-S Bond Plus were used in conjunction with a universal composite (Estelite Sigma Quick) placed either incrementally (oblique) or in bulk with or without a flowable composite lining (Palfique Estelite LV). Ten serial B-scan images were obtained throughout each cavity by OCT (center wavelength: 1319nm). In order to evaluate adaptation defined as the cavity floor percentage showing no gap, a significant increase in the signal intensity was considered as gap at the bonded interface of the cavity floor. The same specimens were then cut into beams to measure MTBS at the cavity floor. RESULTS Two-way ANOVA demonstrated that the interaction of adhesive systems and filling techniques was significantly affecting both adaptation and MTBS (p<0.05). There was a significant correlation between MTBS and adaptation at cavity floor (p<0.05). Cavity floor adaptation and MTBS were improved when incremental filling technique was applied, while the outcome of lining technique was variable. CONCLUSIONS Quantitative assessment by OCT can non-destructively provide information on the performance and effectiveness of dental composites and restoration techniques. There was a moderate correlation between floor adaptation and bond strength in class-I cavities. Incremental application of composite restoration showed the best performance in terms of bond strength and internal adaptation. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE Incremental application of composite restoration was the most advantageous placement technique in terms of bond strength and internal adaptation. The lack of placement pressure with flowable composites may affect their adaptation to all-in-one adhesives; therefore, the outcome of cavity lining by flowable composite was variable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Turki A Bakhsh
- Cariology and Operative Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; Cariology and Operative Dentistry, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
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Demarco FF, Corrêa MB, Cenci MS, Moraes RR, Opdam NJ. Longevity of posterior composite restorations: Not only a matter of materials. Dent Mater 2012; 28:87-101. [DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2011.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 566] [Impact Index Per Article: 47.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2011] [Revised: 09/12/2011] [Accepted: 09/13/2011] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Krifka S, Federlin M, Hiller KA, Schmalz G. Microleakage of silorane- and methacrylate-based class V composite restorations. Clin Oral Investig 2011; 16:1117-24. [PMID: 21947906 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-011-0619-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2011] [Accepted: 09/09/2011] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The marginal integrity of class V restorations in a silorane- and a group of methacrylate-based composite resins with varying viscosities was tested in the present study. Different adhesives (OptiBond FL, KerrHawe; AdheSE One, Vivadent; or Silorane System Adhesive, 3M ESPE) were applied to 168 standardized class V cavities. The cavities (n = 12) were filled with a wide range of different viscous composite resins: Filtek Silorane, 3M ESPE; els and els flow, Saremco; Tetric EvoCeram and Tetric EvoFlow, Vivadent; Grandio, Voco; and Ultraseal XT Plus, Ultradent. Microleakage of the restoration was assessed by dye penetration (silver staining) on multiple sections with and without thermocycling and mechanical loading (TCML: 5,000 × 5-55°C; 30 s/cycle; 500,000 × 72.5 N, 1.6 Hz). Data were statistically analyzed with the Mann-Whitney U test and the Error Rates Method (ERM). The silorane-based composite resin yielded the lowest dye penetration after TCML. Microleakage of methacrylate-based composite restorations, in general (ERM), was statistically significantly influenced by the adhesive system, Moreover, dye penetration at enamel margins was significantly lower than dye penetration at dentin margins. The chemical basis of composite resins and adjacent tooth substance seems to strongly influence marginal sealing of class V restorations for methacrylate-based materials. Moreover, the steps of dental adhesives used affected marginal integrity. The silorane-based composite resin evaluated in the present study exhibits the best marginal seal. The three-step adhesive yielded better marginal sealing than the one-step adhesive for methacrylate-based class V composite restorations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Krifka
- Department of Operative Dentistry and Periodontology, University of Regensburg Medical Centre, Franz Josef Strauß Allee 11, 93042 Regensburg, Germany.
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Bortolotto T, Mileo A, Krejci I. Strength of the bond as a predictor of marginal performance: An in vitro evaluation of contemporary adhesives. Dent Mater 2010; 26:242-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2009.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2008] [Revised: 09/16/2009] [Accepted: 11/05/2009] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Demarco FF, Pereira-Cenci T, de Almeida André D, de Sousa Barbosa RP, Piva E, Cenci MS. Effects of metallic or translucent matrices for class II composite restorations: 4-year clinical follow-up findings. Clin Oral Investig 2010; 15:39-47. [DOI: 10.1007/s00784-009-0362-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2009] [Accepted: 12/01/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Stanislawczuk R, Amaral RC, Zander-Grande C, Gagler D, Reis A, Loguercio AD. Chlorhexidine-containing acid conditioner preserves the longevity of resin-dentin bonds. Oper Dent 2009; 34:481-90. [PMID: 19678455 DOI: 10.2341/08-016-l] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The current study evaluated the effect of 2% chlorhexidine digluconate (CHX) on the immediate and six-month resin-dentin bond strength (BS) and nanoleakage pattern (NL) of etch-and-rinse adhesives when applied in aqueous or associated to the phosphoric acid conditioner. The occlusal enamel of 42 caries-free extracted molars was removed in order to expose a flat dentin surface. In groups 1 and 2 (control-C), the surfaces were acid etched with conventional phosphoric acid, and the adhesives Prime&Bond NT (PB) and Adper Single Bond 2 (SB) were applied after rinsing, drying and rewetting with water. In groups 3 and 4 (Ac/CHX), the adhesives were applied in a similar manner, however, a 2% CHX-containing acid was previously applied. In groups 5 and 6 (CHX), the adhesives were applied according to the control group; however, the rewetting procedure was performed with an aqueous solution of 2% CHX for 60 seconds. Composite buildups (Opallis, FGM) were constructed incrementally, and the specimens were longitudinally sectioned in the "x" and "y" directions to obtain bonded sticks (0.8 mm2) to be tested in tension at 0.5 mm/minute immediately or after six months of water storage. For NL, two bonded sticks from each tooth were coated with nail varnish, placed in silver nitrate and polished down with SiC paper. Resin-dentin interfaces were analyzed by EDX-SEM. The BS and NL data from each adhesive was submitted to two-way repeated measures ANOVA and Tukey's test (alpha=0.05). After six months of water storage, significant reductions in BS were observed for both adhesives in the control group (p<0.05). When Ac/CHX or CHX was used, no significant reductions in BS were observed for both systems. Nanoleakage was more evident in the control group than in the experimental groups (p<0.05), even after six months. The use of CHX in an aqueous solution or associated with the acid conditioner was effective for reducing degradation of resin-dentin bonds after six months of water storage.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Stanislawczuk
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Universidade Estadual de Ponta Grossa, Ponta Grossa, Brazil
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Abstract
INTRODUCTION Historically, Class II restorations using resin composite with margins below the dentino-enamel junction (dej) have fared poorly in investigations, exhibiting significant dye penetration along the marginal interfaces. In all reports located by the authors the gingival margins of sub-CEJ restorations have been finished, even though in actual practice this is not feasible in the vast majority of cases. PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of finishing on gingival margins located below the cemento-enamel junction of Class II resin composite restorations. MATERIALS AND METHODS Class II resin composite restorations with margins below the dej were placed in 40 extracted human molars using a dentin-enamel adhesive, a flowable resin composite, and a universal microhybrid resin composite restorative material. In all groups the adhesive was light activated for ten seconds and the restorative resin composite was light activated for ten seconds. The flowable increments were 1 mm in thickness and the restorative resin composite increments were 2 mm in thickness. In groups 1, 3, and 4 the flowable was light activated for ten seconds while in group 2 the flowable was light activated for 40 seconds. In groups 1, 2, and 4 the sub-CEJ margins were finished with finishing discs while in group 3 the sub-CEJ margins were unfinished. In group 4 the dentin adhesive was reapplied following finishing procedures. All groups were immersed in dye for 24 hours. RESULTS The two groups in which the margins were finished exhibited varying degrees of dye penetration. There was no dye penetration in the unfinished and the resealed groups. CONCLUSIONS It was concluded that the finishing procedure itself causes damage to the resin-dentin interface, which allows dye penetration to occur. This could potentially explain why resin adhesive materials have fared so poorly in Class II in vitro investigations, which is not the common clinical experience.
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Affiliation(s)
- John Kanca
- American Academy of Cosmetic Dentistry, Middlebury, CT, USA.
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Microleakage and scanning electron microscopy evaluation of all-in-one self-etch adhesives and their respective nanocomposites prepared by erbium:yttrium-aluminum-garnet laser and bur. Lasers Med Sci 2009; 25:493-502. [PMID: 19396579 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-009-0672-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2008] [Accepted: 04/05/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the microleakage of all-in-one self-etch adhesives and their respective nanocomposites in class V cavities prepared by erbium:yttrium-aluminum-garnet (Er:YAG) laser and bur. Class V cavities were prepared on both buccal and lingual surfaces of 72 premolars by Er:YAG laser or bur and divided into six groups (n = 24). The occlusal margins were enamel and the cervical margins were cementum. The groups were as follows: group 1 Er:YAG laser preparation (E) + Xeno V (X) + CeramX (C); group 2 bur preparation (B) + X + C; group 3 E + AdheSE One (A) + Tetric EvoCeram (T); group 4 B + A + T; group 5 E + Clearfil S3 Bond (CSB) + Clearfil Majesty Esthetic (CME); group 6 B + CSB + CME. All teeth were stored in distilled water at 37 degrees C for 24 h, then thermocycled 500 times (5-55 degrees C). Ten teeth from each group were chosen for the microleakage investigation and two teeth for the scanning electron microscopy (SEM) evaluation. The teeth that were prepared for the microleakage test were immersed in 0.5% basic fuchsin dye for 24 h. After immersion, the teeth were sectioned and observed under a stereomicroscope for dye penetration. Data were analyzed by Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney U tests (P < 0.05). Bur-prepared cavities presented less microleakage in all groups for enamel (P < 0.05); however, in cervical margins, there were no differences between laser-prepared and bur-prepared cavities in the Xeno V + CeramX and AdheSE One + Tetric EvoCeram groups (P > 0.05). SEM observations of restorative material-dentin interfaces seemed to correspond with those of the microleakage test. Microleakage at the cervical interfaces was greater than that at the occlusal interfaces. Er:YAG laser-prepared class V cavities yielded more microleakage in occlusal margins with all-in-one self-etch adhesives and the respective manufacturer's nanocomposites.
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Bonding effectiveness and sealing ability of fiber-post bonding. Dent Mater 2008; 24:967-77. [PMID: 18177701 DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2007.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 125] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2007] [Accepted: 11/15/2007] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate the push-out bond strength and the sealing ability of five adhesive cements routinely used for fiber-post bonding. METHODS Fifty extracted single-rooted teeth were randomly divided in five groups and restored using Parapost FiberLux and the following luting agents: Panavia 21 (PAN), Clearfil Esthetic Cement (CLF), Variolink II (VAR), RelyX Unicem (UNI) and experimental GC self-adhesive cement (EGC). After 1 week of water storage at 37 degrees C, three sections (coronal, middle and apical) of 2mm thickness were prepared from each specimen. Sealing ability was quantified with a fluid-filtration system (Flodec) during 10 min, after which the push-out bond strength was immediately measured. Data were analyzed with ANOVA (push-out) and Kruskal-Wallis (sealing ability). RESULTS The push-out bond strength and sealing ability were not significantly different among the coronal, middle and apical sections for each luting agent. The highest push-out bond strength was measured for CLF (14.60+/-3.63 MPa), which was not significantly different from PAN (12.57+/-2.45 MPa), but significantly higher than VAR (11.09+/-4.09 MPa), UNI (11.29+/-4.31 MPa) and EGC (7.65+/-4.79 MPa). When evaluating the sealing ability, significant differences were not found among PAN, CLF and VAR, and between UNI and EGC. The latter luting agents scored significantly lower than the former ones. The push-out bond strength was correlated to the sealing ability (p<0.001). SIGNIFICANCE The self-etching MDP-based cements presented the highest push-out bond strength. Although the bonding effectiveness of self-adhesive cements appears promising, their interaction with root dentin might be too weak to minimize microleakage at the post-cement-dentin interface.
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Coelho-de-Souza FH, Camacho GB, Demarco FF, Powers JM. Fracture Resistance and Gap Formation of MOD Restorations: Influence of Restorative Technique, Bevel Preparation and Water Storage. Oper Dent 2008; 33:37-43. [DOI: 10.2341/07-27] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Clinical Relevance
Beveling of the cavosurface margin can improve resistance to fracture and the marginal adaptation of posterior composite restorations, reducing the deleterious effect of storage with thermal cycling on restoration quality. Generally, indirect restorations showed similar performance compared to direct restorations.
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Félix SA, González-López S, Mauricio PD, Aguilar-Mendoza JA, Bolanos-Carmoña MV. Effects of filling techniques on the regional bond strength to lateral walls in Class I cavities. Oper Dent 2007; 32:602-9. [PMID: 18051011 DOI: 10.2341/06-170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Using the push-out technique, this study compared the influence of different composite insertion techniques in Class I cavities on the regional shear bond strength to lateral walls. MATERIALS AND METHOD Standardized Class I cavities were prepared on the occlusal surface of 60 freshly extracted third molars, which were randomly assigned to one of five groups (n = 10). The cavities were bonded with the self-etch adhesive AdheSE and restored with Tetric Ceram resin composite by one of five techniques: G1, incremental technique (four oblique layers); G2, flowable composite as liner and bulk technique; G3, bulk technique and G4, light cone technique. The total-etch adhesive (Single Bond) and incremental technique were used as the control procedure. Each specimen was sectioned perpendicular to the long axis of the tooth in 1 mm-thick dentin slices. A push-out test was performed to measure regional bond strengths and identify the type of failure. Two additional teeth per group were prepared for the morphological interface study using scanning electron microscopy. RESULTS Differences between the groups were tested by one-way ANOVA and Scheffé post hoc test (F = 29.635, p < 0.001). The highest shear bond strength values were obtained with the incremental technique, regardless of the adhesive used. Significant differences in bond strength to superficial and deep dentin were only found when a total-etch adhesive was used (Single Bond). CONCLUSIONS Use of the incremental technique with total-etch or self-etch adhesives is the most effective method of inserting resin-based composites in large Class I cavities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sérgio Antunes Félix
- Department of Prosthodontics and Occlusion/Orofacial Pain, Instituto Superior de Saúde Egas Moniz, Monte da Caparica, Portugal
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Calheiros FC, Sadek FT, Boaro LCC, Braga RR. Polymerization stress related to radiant exposure and its effect on microleakage of composite restorations. J Dent 2007; 35:946-52. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2007.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2007] [Revised: 09/07/2007] [Accepted: 09/11/2007] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
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Ishikiriama SK, Mondelli RFL, Kano SC, Ishikiriama A, Mondelli J. Role of Additional Retention on Marginal Adaptation and Sealing of Large Resin Composite Class II Restorations. Oper Dent 2007; 32:564-70. [DOI: 10.2341/06-158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Clinical Relevance
Retention grooves in proximal box cavities can minimize microleakage and improve marginal adaptation of large resin composite Class II restorations.
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Reis A, Grande RHM, Oliveira GMS, Lopes GC, Loguercio AD. A 2-year evaluation of moisture on microtensile bond strength and nanoleakage. Dent Mater 2007; 23:862-70. [PMID: 16950505 DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2006.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2005] [Accepted: 05/24/2006] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study evaluated the effect of moisture on the resin-dentin mu-bond strength (BS) and silver nitrate uptake (SNU) of three adhesive systems (Single Bond, One-Step and Syntac Single Component) soon after bonding (IM) and after 2 years of water storage (2Y). METHODS Dentin surfaces were bonded on a dry (D), moist (W) or over-wet surfaces (OW). After restorations were constructed, specimens were stored in water (37 degrees C/24h). Resin-dentin sticks were prepared (0.8mm(2)) and they were divided for immediate (IM) and 2-year storage (2Y) testing. Half of the specimens from each period of time were tested in tension at 0.5mm/min and the other half was immersed in silver nitrate and examined by SEM-EDX. The data was analyzed by three-way repeated measures ANOVA and Tukey's tests (alpha=0.05). RESULTS The overall BS (MPa) in the IM group under W condition was higher than in D and OW groups. After 2Y, the BS in W was lower than in the IM group, however higher than in the D and OW for OS and SB. The overall silver nitrate deposition (%) in the IM group under D, W and OW were similar. In the 2Y groups, the nanoleakage was higher than IM groups, however the increase was less pronounced in the W condition. SIGNIFICANCE Higher BS and a significantly lower nitrate uptake were observed for IM groups, for OS and SB. Under W conditions, the BS reduction over time was less pronounced and less nitrate uptake occurred.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Reis
- School of Dentistry, University of Oeste de Santa Catarina, Joaçaba, SC, Brazil
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Demarco FF, Cenci MS, Lima FG, Donassollo TA, André DDA, Leida FL. Class II composite restorations with metallic and translucent matrices: 2-year follow-up findings. J Dent 2007; 35:231-7. [PMID: 17034926 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2006.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2006] [Revised: 07/25/2006] [Accepted: 07/29/2006] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this randomized, clinical study was to evaluate the performance of composite restorations placed with two matrix and wedge systems after a 2-year follow-up. METHODS Twenty-three patients were selected, and received at least two Class II restorations, one with metallic matrix and wooden wedge and other with polyester matrix and reflective wedge. One dentist placed all the 109 restorations. All cavities were restored using Single Bond and P-60 (3M ESPE), according to manufacturer's instructions. In the metal matrix group, polymerization was performed from occlusal, and in the polyester group, through the reflective wedge. Restorations were evaluated at baseline and after 12 and 24 months by the modified USPHS criteria, and data were analyzed with Mann-Whitney and Wilcoxon Signed Rank tests (alpha=0.05). RESULTS Fifteen subjects and 78 restorations were re-evaluated after 24 months. A significant decrease in the quality of cervical adaptation and proximal contacts by radiographic evaluation was evidenced (p<0.05), but no differences between the two matrix systems were detected (p>0.05). In the clinical evaluation there were no significant differences between matrices after 2 years (p>0.05). A compromising of marginal adaptation, marginal staining and proximal contacts aspects for both matrix systems was evidenced, and restorations placed with translucent matrices showed loss of color stability (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS Whereas restorations presented some clinical aspects somewhat compromised after 2 years, the matrix and wedge systems evaluated showed similar clinical performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flávio Fernando Demarco
- Department of Operative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Pelotas, RS, Brazil
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Demarco FF, Zanchi CH, Bueno M, Piva E. Composite veneering of complex amalgam restorations. Oper Dent 2007; 32:94-8. [PMID: 17288335 DOI: 10.2341/06-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
In large posterior cavities, indirect restorations could provide improved performance when compared to direct restorations, but with higher cost and removal of sound tooth structure. Improved mechanical properties have resulted in good clinical performance for amalgam in large cavities but without an esthetic appearance. Resin composites have become popular for posterior restorations, mainly because of good esthetic results. A restorative technique is presented that combines the esthetic properties of directly bonded resin composite and the wide range of indications for amalgam in stress-bearing areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flávio Fernando Demarco
- Department of Operative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Pelotas, RS, Brazil.
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Duquia RDCS, Osinaga PWR, Demarco FF, de V Habekost L, Conceição EN. Cervical microleakage in MOD restorations: in vitro comparison of indirect and direct composite. Oper Dent 2007; 31:682-7. [PMID: 17153977 DOI: 10.2341/05-132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
This study compared microleakage between indirect composite inlays and direct composite restorations. Forty-eight standard inlay MOD cavities, with cervical margins located either in enamel or dentin, were prepared in extracted human third molars. The specimens were randomly divided into 3 groups (n=16). In the control group, the cavities were restored with the composite Filtek Z250 (3M ESPE). For the experimental groups, indirect restorations were made with the Artglass (Heraeus-Kulzer) or Belleglass HP (Kerr Laboratories) systems and cemented with the dual curing cement RelyX ARC (3M ESPE). The adhesive system Single Bond (3M ESPE) was applied on all groups. The specimens were submitted to thermolcycling, coated with nail varnish, then immersed in 2% basic fuchsine aqueous solution for 24 hours. The teeth were then sectioned and leakage scores were evaluated (40x), based on a standard ranking. Data were submitted to statistical analysis (Mann-Whitney and Kruskal-Wallis tests) with a 95% confidence level. No statistical difference was found between substrates (p=0.595), and the materials performed similarly in dentin (p=0.482). Direct restorations showed higher leakage than indirect restorations at the enamel margins (p=0.004). Within the limitations of this experimental design, overall leakage was similar between both substrates, while the indirect systems provided a better sealing than direct composites only in enamel.
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Vogt BF, Xavier CB, Demarco FF, Padilha MS. Dentin penetrability evaluation of three different dyes in root-end cavities filled with mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA). Braz Oral Res 2006; 20:132-6. [PMID: 16878206 DOI: 10.1590/s1806-83242006000200008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2005] [Accepted: 04/11/2006] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the penetration of three dyes in MTA root-end fillings. In 30 single-rooted teeth, cavities for retrofilling were prepared with an ultrasound appliance and filled with MTA. The specimens were randomly assigned to three groups (n = 10) and immersed in the following solutions: 2% methylene blue (MET), 50% silver nitrate (NIT) and 0.2% rhodamine B (ROD). Two transversal slices (1 mm) of the retrofilling region were obtained and evaluated using the Image Tool 3.0 software to obtain a quantitative evaluation (in mm²) of the dye penetration around the retrofillings. Data were submitted to statistical analysis using Student’s t-test. The lowest degree of dye penetration was observed for the NIT group, in both slices (p < 0.05). Dye penetration was significantly larger in the ROD group when compared to the NIT group, in both slices (p < 0.05), and to the MET group, only in slice 1 (p < 0.05). Within the limitations of this study, it was concluded that the choice of dye could influence the penetration evaluation in root-end filling studies, and that the NIT had the lowest penetration capacity in the apical dentine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz Farias Vogt
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Dental School, Federal University of Pelotas
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Koyuturk AE, Sengun A, Ozer F, Sener Y, Gokalp A. Shear Bond Strengths of Self-etching Adhesives to Caries-affected Dentin on the Gingival Wall. Dent Mater J 2006; 25:59-65. [PMID: 16706298 DOI: 10.4012/dmj.25.59] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the bonding ability of five current self-etching adhesives to caries-affected dentin on the gingival wall. Seventy extracted human molars with approximal dentin caries were employed in this study. In order to obtain caries-affected dentin on the gingival wall, grinding was performed under running water. Following which, specimens mounted in acrylic blocks and composite resins of the bonding systems were bonded to dentin with plastic rings and then debonded by shear bond strength. With Clearfil SE Bond, bonding to caries-affected dentin showed the highest bond strength. With Optibond Solo Plus Self-Etch, bonding to caries-affected dentin showed higher shear bond strength than AQ Bond, Tyrian SPE & One-Step Plus, and Prompt-L-Pop (p<0.05). Further, the bond strengths of Clearfil SE Bond and Optibond Solo Plus Self-Etch to sound dentin were higher than those of Prompt-L-Pop, AQ Bond, and Tyrian SPE & One-Step Plus (p<0.05). In conclusion, besides micromechanical interlocking through hybrid layer formation, bond strength of self-etch adhesives to dentin may be increased from additional chemical interaction between the functional monomer and residual hydroxyapatite. The results of this study confirmed that differences in bond strength among self-etching adhesives to both caries-affected and sound dentin were due to chemical composition rather than acidity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alp Erdin Koyuturk
- Department of Pedodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Ondokuz Mayis University, Samsun, Turkey.
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