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Rabelo CS, de Oliveira JMR, Leal IDC, Costa FDMLL, Ricardo NMPS, Passos VF. The potential of galactomannan from Caesalpinia ferrea on erosive dentin wear reduction in vitro. Braz Dent J 2023; 34:72-78. [PMID: 38133475 PMCID: PMC10759959 DOI: 10.1590/0103-6440202305508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Gels containing juca seed galactomannan (JSG) were evaluated for their potential to prevent the progression of dentin erosive wear in an in vitro study with four experimental groups (n = 9). The treatments included distilled water (DW), 0.05% stannous fluoride (121 ppm F), and 0.5% or 1% JSG. The specimens underwent a cycle (3 times/day) consisting of immersion in 1% citric acid (5 minutes), treatment (5 minutes), and artificial saliva exposure (2 hours/overnight) for 5 days. Surface changes were assessed using mechanical profilometry (wear), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS). The data were analyzed using ANOVA followed by Tukey's post-test (p < 0.05). The negative control group exhibited the highest wear (6.0 µm ± 3.5), significantly differing from the group treated with 0.05% stannous fluoride gel (p = 0.007), which showed less dentin loss. The groups treated with 0.5% and 1% JSG showed results similar to the negative control (p = 0.661; p = 0.212, respectively) and the stannous fluoride group (p = 0.103; p = 0.379, respectively). In the SEM images, the specimen treated with stannous fluoride showed obliterated tubules, while the JSG gels formed crystals on the dentin surface, as confirmed by the presence of oxygen and calcium in the EDS analysis. Although the JSG gels showed similar results to the stannous fluoride, did not exhibit superior efficacy at the tested concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cibele Sales Rabelo
- Department of Clinical Dentistry, School of Pharmacy, Dentistry and Nursing, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | | | - Isabelly de Carvalho Leal
- Department of Clinical Dentistry, School of Pharmacy, Dentistry and Nursing, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | | | | | - Vanara Florêncio Passos
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Pharmacy, Dentistry and Nursing, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
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Fronza BM, Braga RR, Cadenaro M. Dental Adhesives-Surface Modifications of Dentin Structure for Stable Bonding. Dent Clin North Am 2022; 66:503-515. [PMID: 36216443 DOI: 10.1016/j.cden.2022.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The latest advancements in dentin bonding have focused on strategies to impair degradation mechanisms in order to extend the longevity of bonded interfaces. Protease inhibitors can reduce collagen degradation within the hybrid layer (HL). Collagen cross-linkers allow better adhesive infiltration and also inhibit proteases activity. Particles added to adhesive can promote mineral precipitation within the HL, reducing nanoleakage and micropermeability, besides possible antimicrobial and enzymatic inhibition effects. Most of these approaches are still experimental, and aspects of the adhesive under the clinician's control are still determinant for the long-term stability of adhesive restorations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruna Marin Fronza
- Department of Biomaterials and Oral Biology, University of São Paulo, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes, 2227, São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-000, Brazil
| | - Roberto Ruggiero Braga
- Department of Biomaterials and Oral Biology, University of São Paulo, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes, 2227, São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-000, Brazil.
| | - Milena Cadenaro
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Trieste, Strada di Fiume 447, Trieste 34149, Italy; Institute for Maternal and Child Health - IRCCS "Burlo Garofolo", Via dell'Istria 65/1, Trieste 34137, Italy
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Potential of Fluoride-Containing Zinc Oxide and Copper Oxide Nanocomposites on Dentin Bonding Ability. NANOMATERIALS 2022; 12:nano12081291. [PMID: 35457999 PMCID: PMC9025052 DOI: 10.3390/nano12081291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Revised: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Despite recent advances in bonding restorations, which are the basis of restorative dentistry, secondary caries are still able to form. Previously, a novel fluoride-containing zinc and copper (ZCF) nanocomposite was introduced to prevent the formation of caries due to its antibacterial activity. In this study, we studied the impact of ZCF nanoparticles on the adhesive strength of bonding restorations through micro-tensile bond strength (µTBS) testing. The impact of antibacterial and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) inhibitors on the nanoparticles was also examined. The nanocomposites were prepared using a simple one-step homogeneous co-precipitation method at a low temperature. A self-etch adhesive was applied to 10 extracted caries-free human molars with (test group) and without (control group) the ZCF nanoparticles. This was followed by composite resin build-up and µTBS testing, MMP activity assays, and evaluation of the antibacterial effects. The results showed no significant differences in the µTBS between the ZCF and the control groups. However, the ZCF exhibited a significant inhibitory effect against MMP-2, MMP-8, and MMP-9, in addition to an antibacterial effect on Streptococcus mutans. Therefore, the present study demonstrated that the addition of ZCF nanoparticles to adhesive systems can result in MMP inhibition and antibacterial action while maintaining the mechanical properties of the bonding restorations.
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Toledano M, Toledano-Osorio M, Hannig M, Carrasco-Carmona Á, Osorio MT, García-Godoy F, Cabello I, Osorio R. Zn-containing Adhesives Facilitate Collagen Protection and Remineralization at the Resin-Dentin Interface: A Narrative Review. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14030642. [PMID: 35160631 PMCID: PMC8840460 DOI: 10.3390/polym14030642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2021] [Revised: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
This is a narrative review of the literature assessing the potential effectiveness of doping dentin polymeric adhesives with zinc compounds in order to improve bonding efficacy, remineralization and protection against degradation. A literature search was conducted using electronic databases, such as PubMed, MEDLINE, DIMDI and Web of Science. Through our search, we found literature demonstrating that Zn-doped dentin adhesives promote protection and remineralization of the resin-dentin interfaces. The increased bioactivity has also facilitated dentinal tubules' occlusion by crystals' precipitation contributing to improved sealing efficacy of restorations. Loading dentin adhesives with zinc gives rise to an increase of both crystallinity of mineral and crosslinking of collagen. The main role of zinc, in dentin adhesives, is to inhibit collagen proteolysis. We concluded that zinc exerts a protective effect through binding at the collagen-sensitive cleavage sites of matrix-metalloproteinases (MMPs), contributing to dentin matrix stabilization. Zinc may not only act as a MMPs inhibitor, but also influence signaling pathways and stimulate metabolic effects in dentin mineralization and remineralization processes. Zn-doped adhesives increase the longevity of dentin bonding through MMPs inhibition. Zn poses a remineralization strategy in demineralized dentin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Toledano
- Faculty of Dentistry, Colegio Máximo de Cartuja s/n, University of Granada, 18017 Granada, Spain; (M.T.); (Á.C.-C.); (R.O.)
| | - Manuel Toledano-Osorio
- Faculty of Dentistry, Colegio Máximo de Cartuja s/n, University of Granada, 18017 Granada, Spain; (M.T.); (Á.C.-C.); (R.O.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-958-243-789
| | - Matthias Hannig
- Clinic of Operative Dentistry, Periodontology and Preventive Dentistry, University Hospital, Saarland University, Building 73, 66421 Homburg/Saar, Germany;
| | - Álvaro Carrasco-Carmona
- Faculty of Dentistry, Colegio Máximo de Cartuja s/n, University of Granada, 18017 Granada, Spain; (M.T.); (Á.C.-C.); (R.O.)
| | | | - Franklin García-Godoy
- Health Science Center, College of Dentistry, University of Tennessee, 875 Union Avenue, Memphis, TN 381632110, USA;
| | - Inmaculada Cabello
- Integral Pediatric Dentistry Teaching Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Murcia, 30008 Murcia, Spain;
- Murcian Institute of Biosanitary Research (IMIB), 30120 Murcia, Spain
| | - Raquel Osorio
- Faculty of Dentistry, Colegio Máximo de Cartuja s/n, University of Granada, 18017 Granada, Spain; (M.T.); (Á.C.-C.); (R.O.)
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Farooq I, Ali S, Al-Saleh S, AlHamdan EM, AlRefeai MH, Abduljabbar T, Vohra F. Synergistic Effect of Bioactive Inorganic Fillers in Enhancing Properties of Dentin Adhesives-A Review. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:polym13132169. [PMID: 34209016 PMCID: PMC8271823 DOI: 10.3390/polym13132169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Revised: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 06/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Dentin adhesives (DAs) play a critical role in the clinical success of dental resin composite (DRC) restorations. A strong bond between the adhesive and dentin improves the longevity of the restoration, but it is strongly dependent on the various properties of DAs. The current review was aimed at summarizing the information present in the literature regarding the improvement of the properties of DAs noticed after the addition of bioactive inorganic fillers. From our search, we were able to find evidence of multiple bioactive inorganic fillers (bioactive glass, hydroxyapatite, amorphous calcium phosphate, graphene oxide, calcium chloride, zinc chloride, silica, and niobium pentoxide) in the literature that have been used to improve the different properties of DAs. These improvements can be seen in the form of improved hardness, higher modulus of elasticity, enhanced bond, flexural, and ultimate tensile strength, improved fracture toughness, reduced nanoleakage, remineralization of the adhesive-dentin interface, improved resin tag formation, greater radiopacity, antibacterial effect, and improved DC (observed for some fillers). Most of the studies dealing with the subject area are in vitro. Future in situ and in vivo studies are recommended to positively attest to the results of laboratory findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Imran Farooq
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1G6, Canada
- Correspondence:
| | - Saqib Ali
- Department of Biomedical Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Samar Al-Saleh
- Prosthetic Dental Science, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh 11545, Saudi Arabia; (S.A.-S.); (E.M.A.); (T.A.); (F.V.)
| | - Eman M. AlHamdan
- Prosthetic Dental Science, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh 11545, Saudi Arabia; (S.A.-S.); (E.M.A.); (T.A.); (F.V.)
| | - Mohammad H. AlRefeai
- Operative Division, Department of Restorative Dentistry, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh 11545, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Tariq Abduljabbar
- Prosthetic Dental Science, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh 11545, Saudi Arabia; (S.A.-S.); (E.M.A.); (T.A.); (F.V.)
| | - Fahim Vohra
- Prosthetic Dental Science, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh 11545, Saudi Arabia; (S.A.-S.); (E.M.A.); (T.A.); (F.V.)
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Zn-Containing Membranes for Guided Bone Regeneration in Dentistry. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:polym13111797. [PMID: 34072433 PMCID: PMC8199215 DOI: 10.3390/polym13111797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2021] [Revised: 05/24/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Barrier membranes are employed in guided bone regeneration (GBR) to facilitate bone in-growth. A bioactive and biomimetic Zn-doped membrane with the ability to participate in bone healing and regeneration is necessary. The aim of the present study is to state the effect of doping the membranes for GBR with zinc compounds in the improvement of bone regeneration. A literature search was conducted using electronic databases, such as PubMed, MEDLINE, DIMDI, Embase, Scopus and Web of Science. A narrative exploratory review was undertaken, focusing on the antibacterial effects, physicochemical and biological properties of Zn-loaded membranes. Bioactivity, bone formation and cytotoxicity were analyzed. Microstructure and mechanical properties of these membranes were also determined. Zn-doped membranes have inhibited in vivo and in vitro bacterial colonization. Zn-alloy and Zn-doped membranes attained good biocompatibility and were found to be non-toxic to cells. The Zn-doped matrices showed feasible mechanical properties, such as flexibility, strength, complex modulus and tan delta. Zn incorporation in polymeric membranes provided the highest regenerative efficiency for bone healing in experimental animals, potentiating osteogenesis, angiogenesis, biological activity and a balanced remodeling. Zn-loaded membranes doped with SiO2 nanoparticles have performed as bioactive modulators provoking an M2 macrophage increase and are a potential biomaterial for promoting bone repair. Zn-doped membranes have promoted pro-healing phenotypes.
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Spencer P, Ye Q, Kamathewatta NJB, Woolfolk SK, Bohaty BS, Misra A, Tamerler C. Chemometrics-Assisted Raman Spectroscopy Characterization of Tunable Polymer-Peptide Hybrids for Dental Tissue Repair. FRONTIERS IN MATERIALS 2021; 8:681415. [PMID: 34113623 PMCID: PMC8186416 DOI: 10.3389/fmats.2021.681415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
The interfaces that biological tissues form with biomaterials are invariably defective and frequently the location where failure initiates. Characterizing the phenomena that lead to failure is confounded by several factors including heterogeneous material/tissue interfaces. To seamlessly analyze across these diverse structures presents a wealth of analytical challenges. This study aims to develop a molecular-level understanding of a peptide-functionalized adhesive/collagen hybrid biomaterial using Raman spectroscopy combined with chemometrics approach. An engineered hydroxyapatite-binding peptide (HABP) was copolymerized in dentin adhesive and dentin was demineralized to provide collagen matrices that were partially infiltrated with the peptide-functionalized adhesive. Partial infiltration led to pockets of exposed collagen-a condition that simulates defects in adhesive/dentin interfaces. The spectroscopic results indicate that co-polymerizable HABP tethered to the adhesive promoted remineralization of the defects. The spatial distribution of collagen, adhesive, and mineral as well as crystallinity of the mineral across this heterogeneous material/tissue interface was determined using micro-Raman spectroscopy combined with chemometrics approach. The success of this combined approach in the characterization of material/tissue interfaces stems from its ability to extract quality parameters that are related to the essential and relevant portions of the spectral data, after filtering out noise and non-relevant information. This ability is critical when it is not possible to separate components for analysis such as investigations focused on, in situ chemical characterization of interfaces. Extracting essential information from complex bio/material interfaces using data driven approaches will improve our understanding of heterogeneous material/tissue interfaces. This understanding will allow us to identify key parameters within the interfacial micro-environment that should be harnessed to develop durable biomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulette Spencer
- Institute for Bioengineering Research, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, United States
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, United States
- Bioengineering Program, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, United States
- Correspondence: Paulette Spencer, , Qiang Ye,
| | - Qiang Ye
- Institute for Bioengineering Research, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, United States
- Correspondence: Paulette Spencer, , Qiang Ye,
| | - Nilan J. B. Kamathewatta
- Institute for Bioengineering Research, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, United States
- Bioengineering Program, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, United States
| | - Sarah K. Woolfolk
- Institute for Bioengineering Research, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, United States
- Bioengineering Program, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, United States
| | - Brenda S. Bohaty
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, MO, United States
| | - Anil Misra
- Institute for Bioengineering Research, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, United States
- Department of Civil Engineering, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, United States
| | - Candan Tamerler
- Institute for Bioengineering Research, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, United States
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, United States
- Bioengineering Program, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, United States
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Bastos NA, Bitencourt SB, Martins EA, De Souza GM. Review of nano-technology applications in resin-based restorative materials. J ESTHET RESTOR DENT 2020; 33:567-582. [PMID: 33368974 DOI: 10.1111/jerd.12699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2020] [Revised: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Nanotechnology has progressed significantly and particles as small as 3 nm are being employed in resin-based restorative materials to improve clinical performance. The goal of this review is to report the progress of nanotechnology in Restorative Dentistry by reviewing the advantages, limitations, and applications of resin-based restorative materials with nanoparticles. MATERIALS AND METHODS A literature review was conducted using PubMed/Medline, Scopus and Embase databases. In vitro, in vivo and in situ research studies published in English between 1999 and 2020, and which focused on the analysis of resin-based restorative materials containing nanoparticles were included. RESULTS A total of 140 studies were included in this review. Studies reported the effect of incorporating different types of nanoparticles on adhesive systems or resin composites. Mechanical, physical, and anti-bacterial properties were described. The clinical performance of resin-based restorative materials with nanoparticles was also reported. CONCLUSIONS The high surface area of nanoparticles exponentially increases the bioactivity of materials using bioactive nanofillers. However, the tendency of nanoparticles to agglomerate, the chemical instability of the developed materials and the decline of rheological properties when high ratios of nanoparticles are employed are some of the obstacles to overcome in the near future. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE In spite of the recent advancements of nanotechnology in resin-based restorative materials, some challenges need to be overcome before new nano-based restorative materials are considered permanent solutions to clinical problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Almeida Bastos
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Endodontics and Dental Materials, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Bauru, Brazil
| | - Sandro Basso Bitencourt
- Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), Araçatuba, Brazil
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Zn-doping of silicate and hydroxyapatite-based cements: Dentin mechanobiology and bioactivity. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2020; 114:104232. [PMID: 33290910 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2020.104232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Revised: 11/17/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The objective was to state zinc contribution in the effectiveness of novel zinc-doped dentin cements to achieve dentin remineralization, throughout a literature or narrative exploratory review. Literature search was conducted using electronic databases, such as PubMed, MEDLINE, DIMDI, Embase, Scopus and Web of Science. Both zinc-doping silicate and hydroxyapatite-based cements provoked an increase of both bioactivity and intrafibrillar mineralization of dentin. Zinc-doped hydroxyapatite-based cements (oxipatite) also induced an increase in values of dentin nano-hardness, Young's modulus and dentin resistance to deformation. From Raman analyses, it was stated higher intensity of phosphate peaks and crystallinity as markers of dentin calcification, in the presence of zinc. Zinc-based salt formations produced low microleakage and permeability values with hermetically sealed tubules at radicular dentin. Dentin treated with oxipatite attained preferred crystal grain orientation with polycrystalline lattices. Thereby, oxipatite mechanically reinforced dentin structure, by remineralization. Dentin treated with oxipatite produced immature crystallites formations, accounting for high hydroxyapatite solubility, instability and enhanced remineralizing activity.
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Biomimetic Aspects of Oral and Dentofacial Regeneration. Biomimetics (Basel) 2020; 5:biomimetics5040051. [PMID: 33053903 PMCID: PMC7709662 DOI: 10.3390/biomimetics5040051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Revised: 10/09/2020] [Accepted: 10/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Biomimetic materials for hard and soft tissues have advanced in the fields of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine in dentistry. To examine these recent advances, we searched Medline (OVID) with the key terms “biomimetics”, “biomaterials”, and “biomimicry” combined with MeSH terms for “dentistry” and limited the date of publication between 2010–2020. Over 500 articles were obtained under clinical trials, randomized clinical trials, metanalysis, and systematic reviews developed in the past 10 years in three major areas of dentistry: restorative, orofacial surgery, and periodontics. Clinical studies and systematic reviews along with hand-searched preclinical studies as potential therapies have been included. They support the proof-of-concept that novel treatments are in the pipeline towards ground-breaking clinical therapies for orofacial bone regeneration, tooth regeneration, repair of the oral mucosa, periodontal tissue engineering, and dental implants. Biomimicry enhances the clinical outcomes and calls for an interdisciplinary approach integrating medicine, bioengineering, biotechnology, and computational sciences to advance the current research to clinics. We conclude that dentistry has come a long way apropos of regenerative medicine; still, there are vast avenues to endeavour, seeking inspiration from other facets in biomedical research.
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Choi Y, Sun W, Kim Y, Kim IR, Gong MK, Yoon SY, Bae MK, Park BS, Park SB, Kim YI. Effects of Zn-Doped Mesoporous Bioactive Glass Nanoparticles in Etch-and-Rinse Adhesive on the Microtensile Bond Strength. NANOMATERIALS 2020; 10:nano10101943. [PMID: 33003534 PMCID: PMC7601785 DOI: 10.3390/nano10101943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2020] [Revised: 09/17/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to assess the effects in the dentin bond strength of dental adhesives (DAs) and biological effects using zinc (Zn)-doped mesoporous bioactive glass nanoparticles (MBN-Zn). Synthesized MBN and MBN-Zn were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction and the Brunauer, Emmett and Teller (BET) method. The matrix metalloproteinases (MMP) inhibition effects of DA-MBN and DA-MBN-Zn were analyzed. The microtensile bond strength (MTBS) test was conducted before and after thermocycling to investigate the effects of MBN and MBN-Zn on the MTBS of DAs. The biological properties of DA-MBN and DA-MBN-Zn were analyzed with human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs). Compared with the DA, only the DA-1.0% MBN and DA-1.0% MBN-Zn exhibited a statistically significant decrease in MMP activity. The MTBS values after thermocycling were significantly increased in DA-1.0% MBN and DA-1.0% MBN-Zn compared with the DA (p < 0.05). It was confirmed via the MTT assay that there was no cytotoxicity for hDPSCs at 50% extract. In addition, significant increases in the alkaline phosphatase activity and Alizarin Red S staining were observed only in DA-1.0%MBN-Zn. These data suggest the 1.0% MBN and 1.0% MBN-Zn enhance the remineralization capability of DAs and stabilize the long-term MTBS of DAs by inhibiting MMPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeonju Choi
- Department of Orthodontics, Dental Research Institute, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Korea; (Y.C.); (M.-K.G.); (S.-B.P.)
| | - Woogyeong Sun
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea; (W.S.); (S.-Y.Y.)
| | - Yeon Kim
- Department of Oral Physiology, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Korea; (Y.K.); (M.-K.B.)
| | - In-Ryoung Kim
- Department of Oral Anatomy, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Korea; (I.-R.K.); (B.-S.P.)
| | - Mi-Kyung Gong
- Department of Orthodontics, Dental Research Institute, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Korea; (Y.C.); (M.-K.G.); (S.-B.P.)
| | - Seog-Young Yoon
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea; (W.S.); (S.-Y.Y.)
| | - Moon-Kyoung Bae
- Department of Oral Physiology, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Korea; (Y.K.); (M.-K.B.)
| | - Bong-Soo Park
- Department of Oral Anatomy, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Korea; (I.-R.K.); (B.-S.P.)
| | - Soo-Byung Park
- Department of Orthodontics, Dental Research Institute, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Korea; (Y.C.); (M.-K.G.); (S.-B.P.)
| | - Yong-Il Kim
- Department of Orthodontics, Dental Research Institute, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Korea; (Y.C.); (M.-K.G.); (S.-B.P.)
- Dental and Life Science Institute, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Korea
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-55-360-5163
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Zinc-based particle with ionic liquid as a hybrid filler for dental adhesive resin. J Dent 2020; 102:103477. [PMID: 32950630 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2020.103477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2020] [Revised: 08/28/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of a zinc-based particle with ionic liquid as filler for an experimental adhesive resin. METHODS The ionic liquid 1-n-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride (BMI.Cl) and zinc chloride (ZnCl2) were used to synthesize 1-n-butyl-3-methylimidazolium trichlorozincate (BMI.ZnCl3), which was hydrolyzed under basic conditions to produce the simonkolleite (SKT) particles. SKT was analyzed by scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. An experimental adhesive resin was formulated and SKT was incorporated at 1, 2.5, or 5 wt.% in the adhesive. One group without SKT was a control group. The antibacterial activity against Streptococcus mutans, cytotoxicity, degree of conversion (DC), ultimate tensile strength (UTS), softening in solvent, and microtensile bond strength (μ-TBS) were investigated. RESULTS SKT prepared from the ionic liquid BMI.ZnCl3 presented a hexagonal shape in the micrometer scale. SKT addition provided antibacterial activity against biofilm formation of S.mutans and planktonic bacteria (p < 0.05). There were no differences in pulp cells' viability (p > 0.05). The DC ranged from 62.18 (±0.83)% for control group to 64.44 (±1.55)% for 2.5 wt.% (p > 0.05). There was no statistically significant difference among groups for UTS (p > 0.05), softening in solvent (p > 0.05), and 24 h or 6 months μ-TBS (p > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS The physicochemical properties of adhesives were not affected by SKT incorporation, and the filler provided antibacterial activity against S. mutans without changes in the pulp cells' viability. This hybrid zinc-based particle with ionic liquid coating may be a promising filler to improve dental restorations. CLINICAL RELEVANCE A filler based on a zinc-derived material coated with ionic liquid was synthesized and added in dental adhesives, showing antibacterial activity and maintaining the other properties analyzed. SKT may be a promising filler to decrease the biofilm formation around resin-based restorative materials.
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Evaluation of the Physicochemical and Antibacterial Properties of Experimental Adhesives Doped with Lithium Niobate. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:polym12061330. [PMID: 32545226 PMCID: PMC7362253 DOI: 10.3390/polym12061330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Revised: 06/02/2020] [Accepted: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to formulate dental adhesives with different concentrations of LiNbO3 and to evaluate their physicochemical and antibacterial properties. A dental adhesive was formulated using methacrylate monomers and photoinitiators and used as a control filler-free group. Subsequently, three experimental adhesives doped with LiNbO3 at different concentrations (1 wt.%, 2 wt.%, and 5 wt.%) were also formulated. All the experimental adhesives were assessed to evaluate the degree of conversion (DC), softening in solvent, immediate and long-term microtensile bond-strength (μ-TBS), radiopacity, ultimate tensile strength, and antibacterial activity. The incorporation of 1 wt.% of LiNbO3 had no negative effect on the DC of the adhesive resin compared to the control group (p > 0.05). We observed a decrease in the percentage of softening in solvent in the group LiNbO3 at 1 wt.% (p < 0.05). The addition of LiNbO3 increased the radiopacity at a concentration above 2 wt.%, and there was also an increase in cohesive strength (p < 0.05). The immediate μ-TBS increased for LiNbO3 at 5 wt.% (p < 0.05), and there was no statistical difference for the other groups compared to the control (p > 0.05). After six months, the group with 5 wt.% still presented the highest μ-TBS (p < 0.05). The adhesives showed no antimicrobial activity (p > 0.05). LiNbO3 was successfully incorporated in dental adhesives, increasing the radiopacity and their resistance to degradation. Although LiNbO3 offered no antibacterial properties, the reliability of LiNbO3 incorporation in the adhesive encourages new tests to better investigate the antimicrobial action of LiNbO3 through temperature variation.
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Exploring Needle-Like Zinc Oxide Nanostructures for Improving Dental Resin Sealers: Design and Evaluation of Antibacterial, Physical and Chemical Properties. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:polym12040789. [PMID: 32252272 PMCID: PMC7240750 DOI: 10.3390/polym12040789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2020] [Revised: 03/24/2020] [Accepted: 03/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the effect of needle-like zinc oxide nanostructures (ZnO-NN) on the physical, chemical, and antibacterial properties of experimental methacrylate-based dental sealers. ZnO-NN was synthesized and characterized. ZnO-NN was added to a co-monomer blend at 20, 30, and 40 wt.%. One group without ZnO-NN was used as a control. The dental resin sealers were evaluated for their flow, film thickness, water sorption, solubility, radiopacity, degree of conversion (DC), dental-sealer interface characterization via micro-Raman, and antibacterial activity. ZnO-NN presented a mean needle diameter of 40 nm and 16 m2/g of surface area. There was no difference among groups containing ZnO-NN regarding their flow. The ZnO-NN addition significantly increased the film thickness. Water sorption and solubility tests showed no difference among groups. The radiopacity increased, and DC decreased with higher concentrations of ZnO-NN. Micro-Raman suggested that ZnO-NN was in close contact with root canal dentin. Overall, the incorporation of ZnO-NN provided an antibacterial effect against Enterococcus faecalis without a significant detrimental impact on the physical and chemical functionality of the material. The use of ZnO-NN as an inorganic filler is a potential application within dental materials intended for root canal treatment.
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BRAGA RR, FRONZA BM. The use of bioactive particles and biomimetic analogues for increasing the longevity of resin-dentin interfaces: A literature review. Dent Mater J 2020; 39:62-68. [DOI: 10.4012/dmj.2019-293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Ruggiero BRAGA
- Department of Biomaterials and Oral Biology, School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo
| | - Bruna Marin FRONZA
- Department of Biomaterials and Oral Biology, School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo
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Radiopacity and mechanical properties of dental adhesives with strontium hydroxyapatite nanofillers. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2020; 101:103447. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2019.103447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2019] [Revised: 09/23/2019] [Accepted: 09/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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Eskandarizadeh A, Sharokhi F, Hamze F, Kalantari M, Hoseiniffar R, Khaleghi M, Shadman N, Ramezani F. Antibacterial, physical and mechanical properties of bonding agent containing synthesized Zinc Dimethacrylate. J Clin Exp Dent 2019; 11:e686-e694. [PMID: 31598196 PMCID: PMC6776407 DOI: 10.4317/jced.55636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2019] [Accepted: 05/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The aim of this study includes synthesis of zinc dimethacrylate ionomer (ZDMA) by a new method, incorporate it into resin bonding and evaluate its antibacterial, physical and mechanical properties. Material and Methods Resin adhesives containing 0 to 5% wt of ZDMA was produced and the following tests were accomplished: A: Antibacterial test: 1.Direct contact test. 2.Material aging; in both of them the bacterial colony counting were performed. B: Physical test: 1.Degree of conversion (D.C). 2.Evaluating the amount of released Zinc ion release in aqueous medium. C: Mechanical test: 1.Compressive strength test. 2.Shear bond test (enamel and dentine separately). The obtained results were statistically analyzed using One Way ANOVA and LSD post hoc test (α=0.05). Results The anti-bacterial test revealed that all the ZDMA containing groups significantly reduced the amount of Streptococcus Mutans bacteria. Moreover, the D.C in all ZDMA groups was enhanced. Furthermore, ion release analysis revealed noticeable stability of Zn2+ in samples, as in the 5wt.% group it was even after nine cycle of 24h wash. On the other hand, the compressive strength was significantly reduced just in the 5% ZDMA group while the other groups were superior comparing to the control. In addition, there was no significant difference among the enamel shear bond strength of the groups. However, about the dentine shear bond strength, only the 5% ZDMA group was significantly higher than the control. Conclusions Low percentages of ZDMA in adhesive could impart anti-bacterial efficacy without challenging its mechanical and physical properties. Key words:Dental Resin Bonding, Zinc, Streptococcus mutans, Degree of conversion, Compressive strength.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Eskandarizadeh
- Kerman Social determinants on oral health research center, Kerman University of medical science, Kerman, Iran
| | | | - Faeze Hamze
- Kerman Social determinants on oral health research center, Kerman University of medical science, Kerman, Iran
| | - Maryam Kalantari
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran
| | | | - Mouj Khaleghi
- Biology Department, Faculty of Science, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran
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Novel non-resorbable polymeric-nanostructured scaffolds for guided bone regeneration. Clin Oral Investig 2019; 24:2037-2049. [PMID: 31493213 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-019-03068-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2019] [Accepted: 08/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to evaluate the bone-regeneration efficiency of novel polymeric nanostructured membranes and the effect of zinc, calcium, titanium, and bone morpho-protein loading on membranes, through an in vivo rabbit model. MATERIAL AND METHODS Nanostructured membranes of methylmethacrylate were loaded with zinc, calcium, TiO2 nanoparticles, and bone-morphogenetic protein (BMP). These membranes covered the bone defects prepared on the skulls of six rabbits. Animals were sacrificed 6 weeks after surgery. Micro computed tomography was used to evaluate bone architecture through BoneJ pluging and ImageJ script. Three histological processing of samples, including von Kossa silver nitrate, toluidine blue, and fluorescence by the deposition of calcein were utilized. RESULTS Zn-membranes (Zn-Ms) promoted the highest amount of new bone and higher bone perimeter than both unloaded and Ti-membranes (Ti-Ms). Ca-membranes (Ca-Ms) attained higher osteoid perimeter and bone perimeter than Zn-Ms. The skeleton analysis showed that Zn-Ms produced more branches and junctions at the trabecular bone than BMP-loaded membranes (BMP-Ms). Samples treated with Ti-Ms showed less bone formation and bony bridging processes. Both Zn-Ms and Ca-Ms achieved higher number of osteoblasts than the control group. BMP-Ms and Ca-Ms originated higher number of blood vessels than Ti-Ms and control group. CONCLUSIONS Zn incorporation in novel nanostructured membranes provided the highest regenerative efficiency for bone healing at the rabbit calvarial defects. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Zn-Ms promoted osteogenesis and enhanced biological activity, as mineralized and osteoid new bone with multiple interconnected ossified trabeculae appeared in close contact with the membrane.
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Gutiérrez MF, Bermudez J, Dávila-Sánchez A, Alegría-Acevedo LF, Méndez-Bauer L, Hernández M, Astorga J, Reis A, Loguercio AD, Farago PV, Fernández E. Zinc oxide and copper nanoparticles addition in universal adhesive systems improve interface stability on caries-affected dentin. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2019; 100:103366. [PMID: 31422314 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2019.07.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2019] [Revised: 06/10/2019] [Accepted: 07/20/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
This study evaluated the MMP inhibition of the zinc oxide and copper nanoparticles (ZnO/CuNp), and the effects of their addition into adhesives on antimicrobial activity (AMA), ultimate tensile strength (UTS), in vitro degree of conversion (in vitro-DC), as well as, resin-dentin bond strength (μTBS), nanoleakage (NL) and in situ-DC on caries-affected dentin. Anti-MMP activity was evaluated for several MMPs. ZnO/CuNp (0% [control]; 5/0.1 and 5/0.2 wt%) were added into Prime&Bond Active (PBA) and Ambar Universal (AMB). The AMA was evaluated against Streptococcus mutans. UTS were tested after 24 h and 28d. After induced caries, adhesives and composite were applied to flat dentin surfaces, and specimens were sectioned to obtain resin-dentin sticks. μTBS, NL, in vitro-DC and in situ-DC were evaluated after 24 h. ANOVA and Tukey's test were applied (α = 0.05). ZnO/CuNp demonstrated anti-MMP activity (p < 0.05). The addition of ZnO/CuNp increased AMA and UTS (AMB; p < 0.05). UTS for PBA, in vitro-DC, in situ-DC and μTBS for both adhesives were maintained with ZnO/CuNp (p > 0.05). However, lower NL was observed for ZnO/CuNp groups (p < 0.05). The addition of ZnO/CuNp in adhesives may be an alternative to provide antimicrobial, anti-MMP activities and improves the integrity of the hybrid layer on caries-affected dentin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario Felipe Gutiérrez
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, State University of Ponta Grossa, Ponta Grossa, Brazil; Institute for Research in Dental Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile; Facultad de Odontología, Universidad Finis Terrae, Chile
| | - Jorge Bermudez
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, State University of Ponta Grossa, Ponta Grossa, Brazil
| | - Andrés Dávila-Sánchez
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, State University of Ponta Grossa, Ponta Grossa, Brazil; Department of Restorative Dentistry and Biomaterials, San Francisco de Quito University, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Luisa F Alegría-Acevedo
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, State University of Ponta Grossa, Ponta Grossa, Brazil; Universidad Politécnica y Artística del Paraguay, Paraguay
| | - Luján Méndez-Bauer
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, State University of Ponta Grossa, Ponta Grossa, Brazil
| | - Marcela Hernández
- Department of Oral Pathology and Medicine and Laboratory of Periodontal Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Jessica Astorga
- Department of Oral Pathology and Medicine and Laboratory of Periodontal Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Alessandra Reis
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, State University of Ponta Grossa, Ponta Grossa, Brazil
| | - Alessandro D Loguercio
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, State University of Ponta Grossa, Ponta Grossa, Brazil.
| | - Paulo V Farago
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, State University of Ponta Grossa, Ponta Grossa, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Fernández
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Chile, Chile; Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Santiago, Chile
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Biological, mechanical and adhesive properties of universal adhesives containing zinc and copper nanoparticles. J Dent 2019; 82:45-55. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2019.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2018] [Revised: 01/16/2019] [Accepted: 01/21/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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Garcia IM, Leitune VCB, Visioli F, Samuel SMW, Collares FM. Influence of zinc oxide quantum dots in the antibacterial activity and cytotoxicity of an experimental adhesive resin. J Dent 2018; 73:57-60. [PMID: 29653139 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2018.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2018] [Revised: 03/28/2018] [Accepted: 04/07/2018] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the influence of zinc oxide quantum dots (ZnOQDs) into an experimental adhesive resin regarding the antibacterial activity against Streptococcus mutans and the cytotoxicity against pulp fibroblasts. MATERIALS AND METHODS ZnOQDs were synthesized by sol-gel process and were incorporated into 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA). An experimental adhesive resin was formulated by mixing 66.6 wt.% bisphenol A glycol dimethacrylate (BisGMA) and 33.3 wt.% HEMA with a photoinitiator system as control group. HEMA containing ZnOQDs was used for test group formulation. For the antibacterial activity assay, a direct contact inhibition evaluation was performed with biofilm of Streptococcus mutans (NCTC 10449). The cytotoxicity assay was performed by Sulforhodamine B (SRB) colorimetric assay for cell density determination using pulp fibroblasts. Data were analyzed by Student's t-test (α = 0.05). RESULTS The antibacterial activity assay indicated statistically significant difference between the groups (p = 0.003), with higher values of biofilm formation on the polymerized samples of control group and a reduction of more than 50% of biofilm formation on ZnOQDs group. No difference of pulp fibroblasts viability was found between the adhesives (p = 0.482). CONCLUSION ZnOQDs provided antibacterial activity when doped into an experimental adhesive resin without cytotoxic effect for pulp fibroblasts. Thus, the use of ZnOQDs is a strategy to develop antibiofilm restorative polymers with non-agglomerated nanofillers. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE ZnOQDs are non-agglomerated nanoscale fillers for dental resins and may be a strategy to reduce biofilm formation at dentin/restoration interface with no cytotoxicity for pulp fibroblasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isadora Martini Garcia
- Dental Materials Laboratory, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Ramiro Barcelos, 2492, Rio Branco, 90035-003, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
| | - Vicente Castelo Branco Leitune
- Dental Materials Laboratory, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Ramiro Barcelos, 2492, Rio Branco, 90035-003, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
| | - Fernanda Visioli
- Laboratory of Pathology, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Ramiro Barcelos, 2492, Rio Branco, 90035-003, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
| | - Susana Maria Werner Samuel
- Dental Materials Laboratory, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Ramiro Barcelos, 2492, Rio Branco, 90035-003, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
| | - Fabrício Mezzomo Collares
- Dental Materials Laboratory, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Ramiro Barcelos, 2492, Rio Branco, 90035-003, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
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Zenobi W, Feitosa VP, Moura MEM, D’arcangelo C, Rodrigues LKDA, Sauro S. The effect of zoledronate-containing primer on dentin bonding of a universal adhesive. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2018; 77:199-204. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2017.09.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2017] [Revised: 09/05/2017] [Accepted: 09/11/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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ZnCl 2 Incorporated into Experimental Adhesives: Selected Physicochemical Properties and Resin-Dentin Bonding Stability. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 2017:5940479. [PMID: 29270433 PMCID: PMC5706081 DOI: 10.1155/2017/5940479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2017] [Revised: 08/17/2017] [Accepted: 08/30/2017] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the degree of conversion (DC%), water sorption (WS), solubility (SO), and resin-dentin bonding stability of experimental adhesive systems containing ZnCl2. Different concentrations (wt.%) of ZnCl2 were added to a model etch-and-rinse adhesive system consisting of BISGMA, HEMA, UDMA, GDMA, water, and ethanol: Zn0 (0%-control group); Zn2 (2%); Zn3.5 (3.5%); and Zn5 (5%). Adper Single Bond 2 (SB) was used as commercial reference. The samples were light cured for 20s using a quartz-tungsten-halogen unit (650 mW/cm2). DC% (n = 5) was measured using FT-IR spectroscopy, and WS and SO (n = 5) were calculated based on ISO4049. Microtensile bond strength (μTBS) and nanoleakage (NL) were measured after 24 h and 12 months of water storage (n = 10). Data were analyzed using ANOVA and Tukey's HSD test (5%). Zn5 presented the lowest DC% and the highest WS and SO (p < 0.05). Zn0 and Zn2 presented statistically similar DC%, WS, SO, and immediate μTBS. All adhesives containing ZnCl2 maintained a μTBS stability after 12 months, but only Zn2 and Zn3.5 did not suffer an increase in NL. SB presented the highest immediate μTBS but the greatest reduction after 12 months (p < 0.05). The addition of 2 wt.% of ZnCl2 in adhesive formulations seems to be a promising way to improve the resin-dentin bonding stability. Higher concentrations than 2 wt.% could impair some physicochemical properties.
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Altinci P, Seseogullari-Dirihan R, Can G, Pashley D, Tezvergil-Mutluay A. Zinc Inhibits Collagenolysis by Cathepsin K and Matrix Metalloproteinases in Demineralized Dentin Matrix. Caries Res 2017; 51:576-581. [DOI: 10.1159/000479896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2017] [Accepted: 07/30/2017] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The enzymatic degradation of dentin organic matrix occurs via both the action of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and cysteine cathepsins (CCs). Zinc can prevent collagen hydrolysis by MMPs. However, its effect on the activity of dentin-bound CCs is not known. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of zinc on matrix-bound cathepsin K and MMP activity in dentin. Completely demineralized dentin beams were divided into test groups (n = 9) and incubated at 37°C in an incubation media (1 mL) containing ZnCl2 of 0.02 (physiological level, control), 0.2, 0.5, 1, 5, 10, 20, 30, or 40 mM. The dry mass changes of the beams were determined, and incubation media were analyzed for cathepsin K- and MMP-specific collagen degradation end products - CTX (C-terminal cross-linked telopeptide of type I collagen) and ICTP (cross-linked carboxy-terminal telopeptide of type I collagen) - at 1, 3, and 7 days of incubation. The mass loss of the beams decreased when the zinc level in the incubation media was ≥5 mM (p < 0.05). The release of liberated collagen degradation telopeptides decreased in accordance with the decrease in the mass loss rates of the beams. Cathepsin K-induced dentin collagen degradation can be strongly inhibited by zinc. Zinc levels of ≥5 mM can be considered as a reliable threshold for the stabilization of dentin matrices.
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MATOS AB, TREVELIN LT, SILVA BTFD, FRANCISCONI-DOS-RIOS LF, SIRIANI LK, CARDOSO MV. Bonding efficiency and durability: current possibilities. Braz Oral Res 2017; 31:e57. [DOI: 10.1590/1807-3107bor-2017.vol31.0057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2017] [Accepted: 05/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
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Lingling J, Qianbing W. [Progress on matrix metalloproteinase inhibitors]. HUA XI KOU QIANG YI XUE ZA ZHI = HUAXI KOUQIANG YIXUE ZAZHI = WEST CHINA JOURNAL OF STOMATOLOGY 2017; 35:208-214. [PMID: 28682555 DOI: 10.7518/hxkq.2017.02.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Continuing advances in dentin bonding technology and adhesives revolutionized bonding of resin-based composite restorations. However, hybrid layers created by contemporary dentin adhesives present imperfect durability, and degradation of collagen matrix by endogenous enzymes is a significant factor causing destruction of hybrid layers. Bond durability can be improved by using enzyme inhibitors to prevent collagen degradation and to preserve integrity of collagen matrix. This review summarizes progress on matrix metalloproteinase inhibitors (including chlorhexidine, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, quaternary ammonium salt, tetracycline and its derivatives, hydroxamic acid inhibitors, bisphosphonate derivative, and cross-linking agents) and suggests prospects for these compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Lingling
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Dept. of Prosthetics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Wan Qianbing
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Dept. of Prosthetics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
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Toledano M, Aguilera FS, López-López MT, Osorio E, Toledano-Osorio M, Osorio R. Zinc-Containing Restorations Create Amorphous Biogenic Apatite at the Carious Dentin Interface: A X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) Crystal Lattice Analysis. MICROSCOPY AND MICROANALYSIS : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF MICROSCOPY SOCIETY OF AMERICA, MICROBEAM ANALYSIS SOCIETY, MICROSCOPICAL SOCIETY OF CANADA 2016; 22:1034-1046. [PMID: 27681364 DOI: 10.1017/s1431927616011697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this research was to assess the ability of amalgam restorations to induce amorphous mineral precipitation at the caries-affected dentin substrate. Sound and caries-affected dentin surfaces were subjected to both Zn-free and Zn-containing dental amalgam restorations. Specimens were submitted to thermocycling (100,000 cycles/5°C-55°C, 3 months). Dentin surfaces were studied by atomic force microscopy (nanoroughness), X-ray diffraction, field emission scanning electron microscopy, and energy-dispersive analysis, for physical and morphological surface characterization. Zn-containing amalgam placement reduced crystallinity, crystallite size, and grain size of calcium phosphate crystallites at the dentin surface. Both microstrain and nanoroughness were augmented in caries-affected dentin restored with Zn-containing amalgams. Caries-affected dentin showed the shortest mineral crystallites (11.04 nm), when Zn-containing amalgams were used for restorations, probably leading to a decrease of mechanical properties which might favor crack propagation and deformation. Sound dentin restored with Zn-free amalgams exhibited a substantial increase in length of grain particles (12.44 nm) embedded into dentin crystallites. Zn-containing amalgam placement creates dentin mineralization and the resultant mineral was amorphous in nature. Amorphous calcium phosphate provides a local ion-rich environment, which is considered favorable for in situ generation of prenucleation clusters, promotong further dentin remineralization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Toledano
- 1Dental Materials Section, Faculty of Dentistry,University of Granada,Colegio Máximo de Cartuja s/n,18071 Granada,Spain
| | - Fátima S Aguilera
- 1Dental Materials Section, Faculty of Dentistry,University of Granada,Colegio Máximo de Cartuja s/n,18071 Granada,Spain
| | - Modesto T López-López
- 2Applied Physics Department, Faculty of Science,University of Granada,Fuente Nueva s/n,18071 Granada,Spain
| | - Estrella Osorio
- 1Dental Materials Section, Faculty of Dentistry,University of Granada,Colegio Máximo de Cartuja s/n,18071 Granada,Spain
| | - Manuel Toledano-Osorio
- 1Dental Materials Section, Faculty of Dentistry,University of Granada,Colegio Máximo de Cartuja s/n,18071 Granada,Spain
| | - Raquel Osorio
- 1Dental Materials Section, Faculty of Dentistry,University of Granada,Colegio Máximo de Cartuja s/n,18071 Granada,Spain
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Garcia I, Leitune V, Kist T, Takimi A, Samuel S, Collares F. Quantum Dots as Nonagglomerated Nanofillers for Adhesive Resins. J Dent Res 2016; 95:1401-1407. [DOI: 10.1177/0022034516656838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Nanoparticles used in adhesive resins are prone to agglomeration, turning the material susceptible to physical failure. Quantum dots are nonagglomerated inorganic nanoparticles (1 to 10 nm) when in equilibrium. The aim of the present study was to synthesize and characterize zinc oxide quantum dots (ZnOQDs) and to develop and evaluate an adhesive resin with the addition of ZnOQDs. ZnOQDs were formulated by self-organization in chemical reaction with isopropanol and added to 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA). HEMA containing ZnOQDs was used for the experimental group and neat HEMA for the control group. Mean ZnOQD diameter was evaluated in isopropanol and in HEMA by ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy. The adhesives were evaluated for degree of conversion ( n = 5), softening in solvent ( n = 5), ultimate tensile strength ( n = 5), microtensile bond strength ( n = 20) at 24 h and after 6 mo, SEM-EDS (scanning electron microscopy–energy-dispersive x-ray spectroscopy; n = 3), and superresolution confocal microscopy ( n = 3). Data of microtensile bond strength after 6 mo and Knoop hardness after solvent immersion were evaluated by paired t test with a 0.05 level of significance. The other data were evaluated by independent t test with a 0.05 level of significance. Ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy indicated that the mean ZnOQD diameter remained stable in isopropanol and in HEMA (1.19 to 1.24 nm). Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy analysis showed the peak corresponding to zinc and oxygen bond (440 cm-1). The experimental group achieved a higher degree of conversion as compared with the control group and presented dentin/adhesive interface stability after 6 mo without altering other properties tested. SEM-EDS indicated 1.54 ± 0.46 wt% of zinc, and the superresolution confocal microscopy indicated nonagglomerated nanoparticles with fluorescence blinking in the polymerized adhesive. The findings of this study showed a possible and reliable method to formulate composites with nonagglomerated nanoscale fillers, shedding light on the nanoparticle agglomeration concern.
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Affiliation(s)
- I.M. Garcia
- Dental Materials Laboratory, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - V.C.B. Leitune
- Dental Materials Laboratory, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - T.L. Kist
- Laboratory of Methods, Biophysics Department, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - A. Takimi
- School of Metallurgic Engineering, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - S.M.W. Samuel
- Dental Materials Laboratory, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - F.M. Collares
- Dental Materials Laboratory, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
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Barcellos DC, Fonseca BM, Pucci CR, Cavalcanti BDN, Persici EDS, Gonçalves SEDP. Zn-doped etch-and-rinse model dentin adhesives: Dentin bond integrity, biocompatibility, and properties. Dent Mater 2016; 32:940-50. [DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2016.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2015] [Revised: 04/15/2016] [Accepted: 04/23/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Toledano M, Cabello I, Aguilera FS, Osorio E, Toledano-Osorio M, Osorio R. Improved Sealing and Remineralization at the Resin-Dentin Interface After Phosphoric Acid Etching and Load Cycling. MICROSCOPY AND MICROANALYSIS : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF MICROSCOPY SOCIETY OF AMERICA, MICROBEAM ANALYSIS SOCIETY, MICROSCOPICAL SOCIETY OF CANADA 2015; 21:1530-1548. [PMID: 26471836 DOI: 10.1017/s1431927615015317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate micro-morphology of the resin-dentin inter-diffusion zone using two different single-bottle self-etching dentin adhesives with and without previous acid-etching, after in vitro mechanical loading stimuli. Extracted human third molars were sectioned to obtain dentin surfaces. Two different single-bottle self-etching dentin adhesives, Futurabond U and Experimental both from VOCO, were applied following the manufacturer's instructions or after 37% phosphoric acid application. Resin-dentin interfaces were analyzed with dye assisted confocal microscopy evaluation (CLSM), including the calcium-chelation technique, xylenol orange (CLSM-XO). CLSM revealed that resin-dentin interfaces of unloaded specimens were deficiently resin-hybridized, in general. These samples showed a Rhodamine B-labeled hybrid complex and adhesive layer completely affected by fluorescein penetration (nanoleakage) through the porous resin-dentin interface, but thicker after PA-etching. Load cycling promoted an improved sealing of the resin-dentin interface at dentin, a decrease of the hybrid complex porosity, and an increment of dentin mineralization. Load cycled specimens treated with the XO technique produced a clearly outlined fluorescence due to consistent Ca-mineral deposits within the bonding interface and inside the dentinal tubules, especially when the experimental adhesive was applied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Toledano
- Faculty of Dentistry,University of Granada,Dental Materials Section,Colegio Máximo de Cartuja s/n,18071 Granada,Spain
| | - Inmaculada Cabello
- Faculty of Dentistry,University of Granada,Dental Materials Section,Colegio Máximo de Cartuja s/n,18071 Granada,Spain
| | - Fátima S Aguilera
- Faculty of Dentistry,University of Granada,Dental Materials Section,Colegio Máximo de Cartuja s/n,18071 Granada,Spain
| | - Estrella Osorio
- Faculty of Dentistry,University of Granada,Dental Materials Section,Colegio Máximo de Cartuja s/n,18071 Granada,Spain
| | - Manuel Toledano-Osorio
- Faculty of Dentistry,University of Granada,Dental Materials Section,Colegio Máximo de Cartuja s/n,18071 Granada,Spain
| | - Raquel Osorio
- Faculty of Dentistry,University of Granada,Dental Materials Section,Colegio Máximo de Cartuja s/n,18071 Granada,Spain
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Abou Neel EA, Bozec L, Perez RA, Kim HW, Knowles JC. Nanotechnology in dentistry: prevention, diagnosis, and therapy. Int J Nanomedicine 2015; 10:6371-94. [PMID: 26504385 PMCID: PMC4605240 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s86033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Nanotechnology has rapidly expanded into all areas of science; it offers significant alternative ways to solve scientific and medical questions and problems. In dentistry, nanotechnology has been exploited in the development of restorative materials with some significant success. This review discusses nanointerfaces that could compromise the longevity of dental restorations, and how nanotechnolgy has been employed to modify them for providing long-term successful restorations. It also focuses on some challenging areas in dentistry, eg, oral biofilm and cancers, and how nanotechnology overcomes these challenges. The recent advances in nanodentistry and innovations in oral health-related diagnostic, preventive, and therapeutic methods required to maintain and obtain perfect oral health, have been discussed. The recent advances in nanotechnology could hold promise in bringing a paradigm shift in dental field. Although there are numerous complex therapies being developed to treat many diseases, their clinical use requires careful consideration of the expense of synthesis and implementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ensanya Ali Abou Neel
- Division of Biomaterials, Operative Dentistry Department, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Biomaterials Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
- UCL Eastman Dental Institute, Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, London, UK
| | - Laurent Bozec
- UCL Eastman Dental Institute, Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, London, UK
| | - Roman A Perez
- Institute of Tissue Regenerative Engineering (ITREN), Dankook University, Cheonan, Republic of Korea
- Department of Nanobiomedical Science and BK21 Plus NBM Global Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan, Republic of Korea
| | - Hae-Won Kim
- Institute of Tissue Regenerative Engineering (ITREN), Dankook University, Cheonan, Republic of Korea
- Department of Nanobiomedical Science and BK21 Plus NBM Global Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomaterials Science, College of Dentistry, Dankook University, Cheonan, Republic of Korea
| | - Jonathan C Knowles
- UCL Eastman Dental Institute, Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, London, UK
- Department of Nanobiomedical Science and BK21 Plus NBM Global Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan, Republic of Korea
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Toledano M, Aguilera FS, Osorio E, Cabello I, Toledano-Osorio M, Osorio R. Functional and molecular structural analysis of dentine interfaces promoted by a Zn-doped self-etching adhesive and an in vitro load cycling model. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2015; 50:131-49. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2015.05.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2015] [Revised: 05/20/2015] [Accepted: 05/22/2015] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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Nanoscopic dynamic mechanical analysis of resin-infiltrated dentine, under in vitro chewing and bruxism events. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2015; 54:33-47. [PMID: 26414515 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2015.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2015] [Revised: 09/01/2015] [Accepted: 09/04/2015] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the induced changes in mechanical behavior and bonding capability of resin-infiltrated dentine interfaces, after application of mechanical stimuli. Dentine surfaces were subjected to partial demineralization through 37% phosphoric acid etching followed by the application of an etch-and-rinse dentine adhesive, Single Bond (3M/ESPE). Bonded interfaces were stored in simulated body fluid during 24h, and then tested or submitted to the mechanical loading challenge. Different loading waveforms were applied: No cycling (I), 24h cycled in sine (II) or square (III) waves, sustained loading held for 24h (IV) or sustained loading held for 72h (V). Microtensile bond strength (MTBS) was assessed for the different groups. Debonded dentine surfaces were studied by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM). At the resin-dentine interface, both the hybrid layer (HL) and the bottom of the hybrid layer (BHL), and both peritubular and intertubular were evaluated using a nanoindenter in scanning mode. The load and displacement responses were used to perform the nano-Dynamic Mechanical analysis and to estimate the complex and storage modulus. Dye assisted Confocal Microscopy Evaluation was used to assess sealing ability. Load cycling increased the percentage of adhesive failures in all groups. Specimens load cycled in held 24h attained the highest complex and storage moduli at HL and BHL. The storage modulus was maximum in specimens load cycled in held 24h at peritubular dentine, and the lowest values were attained at intertubular dentine. The storage modulus increased in all mechanical tests, at peritubular dentine. An absence of micropermeability and nanoleakage after loading in sine and square waveforms were encountered. Porosity of the resin-dentine interface was observed when specimens were load cycled in held 72h. Areas of combined sealing and permeability were discovered at the interface of specimens load cycled in held 24h. Crack-bridging images appeared in samples load cycled with sine waveform, after FESEM examination.
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Self-etching zinc-doped adhesives improve the potential of caries-affected dentin to be functionally remineralized. Biointerphases 2015; 10:031002. [DOI: 10.1116/1.4926442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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Mechanical and chemical characterisation of demineralised human dentine after amalgam restorations. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2015; 47:65-76. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2015.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2015] [Revised: 03/09/2015] [Accepted: 03/14/2015] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Toledano M, Aguilera FS, Osorio E, Cabello I, Toledano-Osorio M, Osorio R. Bond strength and bioactivity of Zn-doped dental adhesives promoted by load cycling. MICROSCOPY AND MICROANALYSIS : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF MICROSCOPY SOCIETY OF AMERICA, MICROBEAM ANALYSIS SOCIETY, MICROSCOPICAL SOCIETY OF CANADA 2015; 21:214-230. [PMID: 25499741 DOI: 10.1017/s1431927614013658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to evaluate if mechanical loading influences bioactivity and bond strength at the resin-dentin interface after bonding with Zn-doped etch-and-rinse adhesives. Dentin surfaces were subjected to demineralization by 37% phosphoric acid (PA) or 0.5 M ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA). Single bond (SB) adhesive—3M ESPE—SB+ZnO particles 20 wt% and SB+ZnCl2 2 wt% were applied on treated dentin to create the groups PA+SB, SB+ZnO, SB+ZnCl2, EDTA+SB, EDTA+ZnO, and EDTA+ZnCl2. Bonded interfaces were stored in simulated body fluid for 24 h and tested or submitted to mechanical loading. Microtensile bond strength (MTBS) was assessed. Debonded dentin surfaces were studied by high-resolution scanning electron microscopy. Remineralization of the bonded interfaces was assessed by atomic force microscope imaging/nanoindentation, Raman spectroscopy/cluster analysis, and Masson's trichrome staining. Load cycling (LC) produced reduction in MTBS in all PA+SB, and no change was encountered in EDTA+SB specimens, regardless of zinc doping. LC increased the mineralization and crystallographic maturity at the interface; a higher effect was noticed when using ZnO. Trichrome staining reflected a narrow demineralized dentin matrix after loading of dentin surfaces that were treated with SB-doped adhesives. This correlates with an increase in mineral platforms or plate-like multilayered crystals in PA or EDTA-treated dentin surfaces, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Toledano
- Faculty of Dentistry,Dental Materials Section,University of Granada,Colegio Máximo de Cartuja s/n,18071 Granada,Spain
| | - Fátima S Aguilera
- Faculty of Dentistry,Dental Materials Section,University of Granada,Colegio Máximo de Cartuja s/n,18071 Granada,Spain
| | - Estrella Osorio
- Faculty of Dentistry,Dental Materials Section,University of Granada,Colegio Máximo de Cartuja s/n,18071 Granada,Spain
| | - Inmaculada Cabello
- Faculty of Dentistry,Dental Materials Section,University of Granada,Colegio Máximo de Cartuja s/n,18071 Granada,Spain
| | - Manuel Toledano-Osorio
- Faculty of Dentistry,Dental Materials Section,University of Granada,Colegio Máximo de Cartuja s/n,18071 Granada,Spain
| | - Raquel Osorio
- Faculty of Dentistry,Dental Materials Section,University of Granada,Colegio Máximo de Cartuja s/n,18071 Granada,Spain
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Abstract
In dentin bonding, contemporary dental adhesive systems rely on formation of the hybrid layer, a biocomposite containing dentin collagen and polymerized resin adhesive. They are usually able to create at least reasonable integrity of the hybrid layer with high immediate bond strength. However, loss of dentin-bonded interface integrity and bond strength is commonly seen after aging both in vitro and in vivo. This is due to endogenous collagenolytic enzymes, matrix metalloproteinases, and cysteine cathepsins, responsible for the time-dependent loss of hybrid layer collagen. In addition, the hydrophilic nature of adhesive systems creates problems that lead to suboptimal hybrid layers. These problems include, for example, insufficient resin impregnation of dentin, phase separation, and a low rate of polymerization, all of which may reduce the longevity of the bonded interface. Preservation of the collagen matrix integrity by inhibition of endogenous dentin proteases is key to improving dentin bonding durability. Several approaches to retain the integrity of the hybrid layer and to improve the long-term dentin bond strength have been tested. These include the use of enzyme inhibitors, either separately or as incorporated into the adhesive resins; increase of collagen resistance to enzymatic degradation; and elimination of water from the interface to slow down or eliminate hydrolytic loss of the hybrid layer components. This review looks at the principles, current status, and future of the different techniques designed to prevent the loss of hybrid layer and bond strength.
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Osorio R, Osorio E, Medina-Castillo AL, Toledano M. Polymer nanocarriers for dentin adhesion. J Dent Res 2014; 93:1258-63. [PMID: 25227634 PMCID: PMC4462807 DOI: 10.1177/0022034514551608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2014] [Revised: 07/23/2014] [Accepted: 08/22/2014] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
To obtain more durable adhesion to dentin, and to protect collagen fibrils of the dentin matrix from degradation, calcium- and phosphate-releasing particles have been incorporated into the dental adhesive procedure. The aim of the present study was to incorporate zinc-loaded polymeric nanocarriers into a dental adhesive system to facilitate inhibition of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs)-mediated collagen degradation and to provide calcium ions for mineral deposition within the resin-dentin bonded interface. PolymP- N : Active nanoparticles (nanoMyP) were zinc-loaded through 30-minute ZnCl2 immersion and tested for bioactivity by means of 7 days' immersion in simulated body fluid solution (the Kokubo test). Zinc-loading and calcium phosphate depositions were examined by scanning and transmission electron microscopy, elemental analysis, and x-ray diffraction. Nanoparticles in ethanol solution infiltrated into phosphoric-acid-etched human dentin and Single Bond (3M/ESPE) were applied to determine whether the nanoparticles interfered with bonding. Debonded sticks were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy. A metalloproteinase collagen degradation assay was also performed in resin-infiltrated dentin with and without nanoparticles, measuring C-terminal telopeptide of type I collagen (ICTP) concentration in supernatants, after 4 wk of immersion in artificial saliva. Numerical data were analyzed by analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Student-Newman-Keuls multiple comparisons tests (p < .05). Nanoparticles were effectively zinc-loaded and were shown to have a chelating effect, retaining calcium regardless of zinc incorporation. Nanoparticles failed to infiltrate demineralized intertubular dentin and remained on top of the hybrid layer, without altering bond strength. Calcium and phosphorus were found covering nanoparticles at the hybrid layer, after 24 h. Nanoparticle application in etched dentin also reduced MMP-mediated collagen degradation. Tested nanoparticles may be incorporated into dental adhesive systems to provide the appropriate environment in which dentin MMP collagen degradation is inhibited and mineral growth can occur.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Osorio
- Dental School, University of Granada, Colegio Maximo, Campus de Cartuja s/n, 18017 Granada, Spain
| | - E Osorio
- Dental School, University of Granada, Colegio Maximo, Campus de Cartuja s/n, 18017 Granada, Spain
| | - A L Medina-Castillo
- NanoMyP, Spin-Off Enterprise from University of Granada, Edificio BIC-Granada, Av. Innovación 1, 18016 Armilla, Granada, Spain
| | - M Toledano
- Dental School, University of Granada, Colegio Maximo, Campus de Cartuja s/n, 18017 Granada, Spain
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Toledano M, Cabello I, Aguilera FS, Osorio E, Osorio R. Effect of in vitro chewing and bruxism events on remineralization, at the resin-dentin interface. J Biomech 2014; 48:14-21. [PMID: 25443879 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2014.11.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2014] [Revised: 11/07/2014] [Accepted: 11/11/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to evaluate if different in vitro functional and parafunctional habits promote mineralization at the resin-dentin interface after bonding with three different adhesive approaches. Dentin surfaces were subjected to distinct treatments: demineralization by (1) 37% phosphoric acid (PA) followed by application of an etch-and-rinse dentin adhesive, Single Bond (SB) (PA+SB); (2) 0.5 M ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) followed by SB (EDTA+SB); (3) application of a self-etch dentin adhesive, Clearfil SE Bond (SEB). Different loading waveforms were applied: No cycling (I), cycled in sine (II) or square (III) waves, sustained loading hold for 24 h (IV) or sustained loading hold for 72 h (V). Remineralization at the bonded interfaces was assessed by AFM imaging/nano-indentation, Raman spectroscopy and Masson's trichrome staining. In general, in vitro chewing and parafunctional habits, promoted an increase of nano-mechanical properties at the resin-dentin interface. Raman spectroscopy through cluster analysis demonstrated an augmentation of the mineral-matrix ratio in loaded specimens. Trichrome staining reflected a narrow demineralized dentin matrix after loading in all groups except in PA+SB and EDTA+SB samples after sustained loading hold for 72 h, which exhibited a strong degree of mineralization. In vitro mechanical loading, produced during chewing and bruxism (square or hold 24 and 72 h waveforms), induced remineralization at the resin-dentin bonded interface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Toledano
- University of Granada, Faculty of Dentistry, Dental Materials Section, Colegio Máximo de Cartuja s/n, 18071 Granada, Spain.
| | - Inmaculada Cabello
- University of Granada, Faculty of Dentistry, Dental Materials Section, Colegio Máximo de Cartuja s/n, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Fátima S Aguilera
- University of Granada, Faculty of Dentistry, Dental Materials Section, Colegio Máximo de Cartuja s/n, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Estrella Osorio
- University of Granada, Faculty of Dentistry, Dental Materials Section, Colegio Máximo de Cartuja s/n, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Raquel Osorio
- University of Granada, Faculty of Dentistry, Dental Materials Section, Colegio Máximo de Cartuja s/n, 18071 Granada, Spain
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Toledano M, Aguilera FS, Cabello I, Osorio R. Masticatory function induced changes, at subnanostructural level, in proteins and mineral at the resin-dentine interface. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2014; 39:197-209. [PMID: 25146674 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2014.07.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2014] [Revised: 07/23/2014] [Accepted: 07/27/2014] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study evaluated the ability of different in vitro mechanical loading tests to promote new mineral formation at the bonded dentine interfaces created with a two-step self-etching resin adhesive. METHODOLOGY Restored teeth were divided in the following groups: (1) unloaded, load cycling with (2) sine waveform, (3) square waveform, and hold waveform for (4) 24h, and (5) 72 h. Raman spectroscopy and cluster analysis were used to assess the resin-dentine interface. RESULTS Mechanical loading in CSEB-treated samples promoted a generalized increase of relative presence of minerals and ratio of phosphate peaks, except in square waveform, where the nature of collagen resulted damaged. Crystallinity of carbonate was higher than phosphate. The organic component showed, in general terms, an increase in crosslinking. Molecular orientation (α-helices) peaks augmented in all tests. Pentosidine vibration increases in all tests, except in hold 72 h. Ratios amide I and II/CH2 incremented, in general. Non uniform parameters of Bis-GMA and adhesive penetration were encountered, as both increased at the bottom of the hybrid layer when loading square and hold 72 h were applied. SIGNIFICANCE Functional remineralisation at the resin-dentine interface was attained after in vitro mechanical stimuli application. When loading in square waveform, the lowest vibrations to favor remineralisation were attained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Toledano
- University of Granada, Faculty of Dentistry, Dental Materials Section Colegio Máximo de Cartuja s/n 18071, Granada, Spain.
| | - Fátima S Aguilera
- University of Granada, Faculty of Dentistry, Dental Materials Section Colegio Máximo de Cartuja s/n 18071, Granada, Spain
| | - Inmaculada Cabello
- University of Granada, Faculty of Dentistry, Dental Materials Section Colegio Máximo de Cartuja s/n 18071, Granada, Spain
| | - Raquel Osorio
- University of Granada, Faculty of Dentistry, Dental Materials Section Colegio Máximo de Cartuja s/n 18071, Granada, Spain
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Toledano M, Aguilera FS, Sauro S, Cabello I, Osorio E, Osorio R. Load cycling enhances bioactivity at the resin–dentin interface. Dent Mater 2014; 30:e169-88. [DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2014.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2013] [Revised: 10/22/2013] [Accepted: 02/12/2014] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Osorio R, Cabello I, Toledano M. Bioactivity of zinc-doped dental adhesives. J Dent 2014; 42:403-12. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2013.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2013] [Revised: 12/10/2013] [Accepted: 12/13/2013] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
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Early dentine remineralisation: Morpho-mechanical assessment. J Dent 2014; 42:384-94. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2014.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2013] [Revised: 01/14/2014] [Accepted: 01/26/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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Remineralization of mechanical loaded resin–dentin interface: a transitional and synchronized multistep process. Biomech Model Mechanobiol 2014; 13:1289-302. [DOI: 10.1007/s10237-014-0573-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2014] [Accepted: 03/14/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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Osorio R, Osorio E, Cabello I, Toledano M. Zinc Induces Apatite and Scholzite Formation during Dentin Remineralization. Caries Res 2014; 48:276-90. [DOI: 10.1159/000356873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2013] [Accepted: 10/28/2013] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
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Toledano M, Cabello I, Vílchez MAC, Fernández MA, Osorio R. Surface microanalysis and chemical imaging of early dentin remineralization. MICROSCOPY AND MICROANALYSIS : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF MICROSCOPY SOCIETY OF AMERICA, MICROBEAM ANALYSIS SOCIETY, MICROSCOPICAL SOCIETY OF CANADA 2014; 20:245-256. [PMID: 24160361 DOI: 10.1017/s1431927613013639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
This study reports physical and chemical changes that occur at early dentin remineralization stages. Extracted human third molars were sectioned to obtain dentin discs. After polishing the dentin surfaces, three groups were established: (1) untreated dentin (UD), (2) 37% phosphoric acid application for 15 s (partially demineralized dentin-PDD), and (3) 10% phosphoric acid for 12 h at 25° C (totally demineralized dentin-TDD). Five different remineralizing solutions were used: chlorhexidine (CHX), artificial saliva (AS), phosphate solution (PS), ZnCl2, and ZnO. Wettability (contact angle), ζ potential and Raman spectroscopy analysis were determined on dentin surfaces. Demineralization of dentin resulted in a higher contact angle. Wettability decreased after immersion in all solutions. ζ potential analysis showed dissimilar performance ranging from -6.21 mV (TDD + AS) up to 3.02 mV (PDD + PS). Raman analysis showed an increase in mineral components after immersing the dentin specimens, in terms of crystallinity, mineral content, and concentration. This confirmed the optimal incorporation and deposition of mineral on dentin collagen. Organic content reflected scarce changes, except in TDD that appeared partially denatured. Pyridinium, as an expression of cross-linking, appeared in all spectra except in specimens immersed in PS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Toledano
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of Granada, Dental Materials Section, Colegio Máximo de Cartuja s/n, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Inmaculada Cabello
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of Granada, Dental Materials Section, Colegio Máximo de Cartuja s/n, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | | | - Miguel Angel Fernández
- Faculty of Sciences, University of Granada, Applied Physics Section, Campus de Fuentenueva s/n, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Raquel Osorio
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of Granada, Dental Materials Section, Colegio Máximo de Cartuja s/n, 18071 Granada, Spain
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Toledano M, Osorio E, Aguilera FS, Sauro S, Cabello I, Osorio R. In vitro mechanical stimulation promoted remineralization at the resin/dentin interface. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2014; 30:61-74. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2013.10.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2013] [Revised: 10/14/2013] [Accepted: 10/19/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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49
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Feitosa VP, Bazzocchi MG, Putignano A, Orsini G, Luzi AL, Sinhoreti MAC, Watson TF, Sauro S. Dicalcium phosphate (CaHPO4·2H2O) precipitation through ortho- or meta-phosphoric acid-etching: Effects on the durability and nanoleakage/ultra-morphology of resin–dentine interfaces. J Dent 2013; 41:1068-80. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2013.08.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2013] [Revised: 08/13/2013] [Accepted: 08/19/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
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50
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The inhibitory effect of proanthocyanidin on soluble and collagen-bound proteases. J Dent 2013; 41:832-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2013.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2013] [Revised: 05/30/2013] [Accepted: 06/03/2013] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
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