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Kazemipoor M, Moradi H, Mokhtari F, Kheirollahi K. Assessing the occurrence and severity of pre- and postendodontic pain in anemic and healthy female patients. Clin Exp Dent Res 2023; 9:1122-1128. [PMID: 37849023 PMCID: PMC10728548 DOI: 10.1002/cre2.799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The objective of this current survey was to assess both the occurrence and severity of pre- and post-endodontic pain among female individuals, distinguishing between those with anemia and those without. MATERIALS AND METHODS In the current study, we included a total of 60 women with anemia (hemoglobin < 11) and those without anemia (hemoglobin > 13). We recorded the occurrence and severity of pain before and at 24, 48, and 72 h following root canal treatment using a visual analog scale (VAS) ranging from 0 to 10. Additionally, we collected data on patient age, tooth type, as well as pulpal and periapical conditions. Statistical analysis was carried out using two-way ANOVA, pairedt-tests, and Pearson correlation coefficient. The significance level for statistical tests was set at p ≤ .05. RESULTS The incidence of preoperative pain in both anemic and non-anemic patients was 80%. The total incidence of post-operative pain was recorded as 71.7% (82.2% in anemic and 61.1% in non-anemic women). Compared with the pretreatment pain incidence and intensity, the values increased in 24 h but declined in 48 h and 72 h after treatment. Considering the posttreatment pain intensity, the mean values were higher in the three time intervals (24, 48, and 72 h) in anemic patients. Pulpal and periapical status, in contrast to age and tooth type, significantly contributed to the intensity of posttreatment pain. CONCLUSION Regarding the importance of pain phenomenon in human life, it is recommended to consider anemia as an important risk factor for post-endodontic pain. Early diagnosis and analgesic treatment interventions in anemic females, alongside the pain control during root canal treatment, could promote the patient's satisfaction and quality of care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Kazemipoor
- Department of Endodontics, School of DentistryShahid Sadoughi University of Medical SciencesYazdIran
| | - Hooman Moradi
- Department of Endodontics, School of DentistryShahid Sadoughi University of Medical SciencesYazdIran
| | - Fatemeh Mokhtari
- Department of Endodontics, School of DentistryShahid Sadoughi University of Medical SciencesYazdIran
| | - Khatereh Kheirollahi
- Department of Oral Medicine, School of DentistryShahid Sadoughi University of Medical SciencesYazdIran
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Agrawal A, Agrawal N, Biswas K, Vasisth D, Almutairi N, Alotaibi BB, Patel B, Singh R. Evaluation of the Impact of Different Instrumentation Techniques on the Incidence of Postoperative Pain in Patients Undergoing Root Canal Treatment. Cureus 2023; 15:e42736. [PMID: 37654945 PMCID: PMC10467327 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.42736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Postoperative pain is a common concern in root canal treatment, and the choice of instrumentation technique can significantly impact patient comfort. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of different instrumentation techniques on the incidence of postoperative pain in patients undergoing root canal treatment. METHODS A randomized controlled trial was conducted on 208 patients randomly assigned to four groups: step-back preparation, crown-down preparation, hybrid technique, and conventional instrumentation. Pain intensity was assessed using a verbal rating scale (VRS) at six, 12, 24, 48, and 72 hours postoperatively. Data were analyzed using appropriate statistical methods. RESULTS The mean pain scores and standard deviations (SDs) were calculated for each instrumentation technique at different time intervals. At six hours, the step-back preparation group reported a mean pain score of 2.3 (SD = 0.8), the crown-down preparation group had a score of 2.8 (SD = 0.9), the hybrid technique group had a score of 2.5 (SD = 0.7), and the conventional instrumentation group had a score of 3.1 (SD = 0.1). The differences in pain scores between the groups were statistically significant at all time intervals (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION The choice of instrumentation technique significantly influenced the incidence of postoperative pain in root canal treatment. The step-back preparation technique was associated with lower pain intensity than the crown-down preparation, hybrid technique, and conventional instrumentation. These findings highlight the importance of considering the instrumentation technique to optimize patient comfort during and after root canal treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankita Agrawal
- Department of Endodontics and Conservative Dentistry, Buddha Institute of Dental Sciences and Hospital, Patna, IND
| | - Neha Agrawal
- Department of Dentistry, Government Medical College, Mahasamund, IND
| | - Krishna Biswas
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Guwahati, IND
| | - Diwakar Vasisth
- Department of Dental and Maxillofacial Surgery, Lady Hardinge Medical College and Hospital, Delhi, IND
| | - Nawaf Almutairi
- Department of Conservative Dental Science and Endodontics, Qassim University, Buraidah, SAU
| | - Badi B Alotaibi
- Department of Conservative Dental Science, Qassim University, Buraidah, SAU
| | - Bhumika Patel
- Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Howard University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Ramanpal Singh
- Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, New Horizon Dental College and Research Institute, Bilaspur, IND
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Elheeny AAH, Abdelmotelb MA. Postoperative pain after primary molar pulpectomy using rotary or reciprocating single files: A superior, parallel, randomized clinical trial. Int J Paediatr Dent 2022; 32:819-827. [PMID: 35152509 DOI: 10.1111/ipd.12959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2021] [Revised: 01/30/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
AIM To compare postoperative pain intensity between two single-file systems with different kinetics (the OneShape file with continuous rotation vs. the WaveOne Gold file with reciprocation movement) after primary molar pulpectomy. DESIGN This superiority, parallel, randomized clinical trial included 164 healthy children aged 6 to 8 years with asymptomatic, necrotic, maxillary primary second molars due to caries. An equal number of children were assigned to the two groups. The teeth of children in Group 1 were instrumented with the OneShape rotary system (Micro-Mega), whereas teeth of children in Group 2 were instrumented with the WaveOne Gold reciprocating system (Dentsply Maillefer). Postoperative pain intensity was assessed using a 4-point pain scale at 6, 12, 24, 48 and 72 h and 1 week after treatment. The parent of each participant received 6 flashcards that included four faces and a word describing each face. A chi-square test was used to compare postoperative pain intensity. The level of significance was set to 5%. RESULTS Over the follow-up period, no significant difference in postoperative pain intensity was found between the two groups (p > .05). Although the absolute risk reduction maximum limit of 95% CI equal or exceeded the predetermined proportional difference of 0.15, pain intensity was inconclusive at 6, 24, and 48 hours denoting that the superiority of the OneShape single-file over the WaveOne Gold single-file could not be declared. CONCLUSIONS Postoperative pain intensity associated with a rotary vs. reciprocating file system was nearly similar.
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Arias A, Peters OA. Present Status and Future Directions - Canal Shaping. Int Endod J 2022; 55 Suppl 3:637-655. [PMID: 35118683 PMCID: PMC9303733 DOI: 10.1111/iej.13698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2021] [Revised: 01/30/2022] [Accepted: 02/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
This narrative review will focus on the evolution, present and future of engine‐driven root canal preparation. Root canal preparation changed drastically when Walia in 1988 introduced the use of nickel‐titanium (NiTi) alloys in Endodontics. In 2013, five generations of NiTi endodontic instruments had been established based on their metallurgical, mechanical properties and design features. Since then, manufacturers have been introducing further major changes in instrument design and characteristics that have not been translated in new recognized generations of instruments. In general, those changes have demonstrated enhanced instrument properties, but it is not clear yet if all those improvements are directly translated to an improvement in clinical success. This narrative review attempts to address the present status of engine‐driven instruments in terms of both evidence from laboratory‐based studies and clinical data, to identify potential further generations of instruments, and last to anticipate future directions for research and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Arias
- School of Dentistry, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain
| | - O A Peters
- School of Dentistry, The University of Queensland, Herston, QLD, Australia
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Antony D, Subramanian A, Nivedhitha M, Solete P, Balasubramaniam A. Post-endodontic pain with different engine-driven endodontic instruments in multi-visit root canal therapy: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Int Oral Health 2022. [DOI: 10.4103/jioh.jioh_127_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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Machado R, Comparin D, Ignácio SA, da Silva Neto UX. Postoperative pain after endodontic treatment of necrotic teeth with large intentional foraminal enlargement. Restor Dent Endod 2021; 46:e31. [PMID: 34513637 PMCID: PMC8411006 DOI: 10.5395/rde.2021.46.e31] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Revised: 12/17/2020] [Accepted: 12/31/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives To evaluate postoperative pain after endodontic treatment of necrotic teeth using large intentional foraminal enlargement (LIFE). Materials and Methods The sample included 60 asymptomatic necrotic teeth (with or without chronic apical periodontitis), and a periodontal probing depth of 3 mm, previously accessed and referred to perform endodontic treatment. After previous procedures, the position and approximate size of the apical foramen (AF) were determined by using an apex locator and K flexo-files, respectively. The chemomechanical preparation was performed with Profile 04 files 2 mm beyond the AF to achieve the LIFE, using 2.5 mL of 2.5% NaOCl at each file change. The filling was performed by Tagger's hybrid technique and EndoFill sealer. Phone calls were made to all the patients at 24, 48 and 72 hours after treatment, to classify postoperative pain. Statistical analysis was performed by different tests with a significance level of 5%. Results Age, gender, periradicular status and tooth type did not influence postoperative pain (p > 0.05). Only 1 patient (1.66%) reported severe pain after 72 hours. Moderate pain was reported by 7, 4 and 3 patients after 24, 48 and 72 hours, respectively (p = 0.0001). However, paired analyses showed a statistically significant difference only between 24 and 72 hours (p = 0.04). Sealer extrusion did not influence the postoperative pain (p > 0.05). Conclusions Acute or moderate postoperative pain was uncommon after endodontic treatment of necrotic teeth with LIFE. Trial Registration The Brazilian Clinical Trials Registry Identifier: RBR-3r967t
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo Machado
- Department of Endodontics, School of Health and Bioscience, Pontifical Catholic University of Paraná - PUC/PR, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Daniel Comparin
- Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, Paranaense University - UNIPAR, Francisco Beltrão, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Sérgio Aparecido Ignácio
- Department of Statistics, School of Health and Bioscience, Pontifical Catholic University of Paraná - PUC/PR, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Ulisses Xavier da Silva Neto
- Department of Statistics, School of Health and Bioscience, Pontifical Catholic University of Paraná - PUC/PR, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
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Predicting postoperative pain following root canal treatment by using artificial neural network evaluation. Sci Rep 2021; 11:17243. [PMID: 34446767 PMCID: PMC8390654 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-96777-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2021] [Accepted: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the accuracy of back propagation (BP) artificial neural network model for predicting postoperative pain following root canal treatment (RCT). The BP neural network model was developed using MATLAB 7.0 neural network toolbox, and the functional projective relationship was established between the 13 parameters (including the personal, inflammatory reaction, operative procedure factors) and postoperative pain of the patient after RCT. This neural network model was trained and tested based on data from 300 patients who underwent RCT. Among these cases, 210, 45 and 45 were allocated as the training, data validation and test samples, respectively, to assess the accuracy of prediction. In this present study, the accuracy of this BP neural network model was 95.60% for the prediction of postoperative pain following RCT. To conclude, the BP network model could be used to predict postoperative pain following RCT and showed clinical feasibility and application value.
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8
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The Influence of Sodium Hypochlorite and Chlorhexidine on Postoperative Pain in Necrotic Teeth: A Systematic Review. Eur Endod J 2020; 5:177-185. [PMID: 33353925 PMCID: PMC7881388 DOI: 10.14744/eej.2020.94830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: The purpose of this systematic review was to provide the answer to the question: Can sodium hypochlorite and chlorhexidine influence postoperative pain after the endodontic treatment in necrotic teeth? Methods: The PROSPERO registration number is CRD42018096433 and was conducted following the PRISMA statements. The MeSH and free terms were used to search for articles published in the electronic databases (PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, Cochrane Library, and Virtual Health Library), in the gray literature, and by a manual search. The reviewers selected the studies considering predetermined eligibility criteria, performed data extraction, and evaluated the risk of bias. Only clinical trials comparing the effect of sodium hypochlorite and chlorhexidine on postoperative pain in teeth of adult patients with necrotic pulps were included. Results: Five studies were qualified for the systematic review. Two studies were considered a low risk of bias. The results showed no statistically significant difference regarding postoperative pain in the groups. Only 1 study reported a statistically significant difference in the sixth postoperative hour, and the pain was associated with the sodium hypochlorite group. Conclusion: There was no influence of auxiliary chemical substance (NaOCl and CHX) on postoperative pain used in endodontic treatment in the teeth with pulp necrosis. However, one study observed a significant difference in the sixth postoperative hour, associated with the sodium hypochlorite group.
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Ozdogan MS, Gungormus M, Ince Yusufoglu S, Ertem SY, Sonmez C, Orhan M. Salivary opiorphin in dental pain: A potential biomarker for dental disease. Arch Oral Biol 2019; 99:15-21. [DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2018.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2018] [Revised: 11/30/2018] [Accepted: 12/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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10
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Emara RS, Abou El Nasr HM, El Boghdadi RM. Evaluation of postoperative pain intensity following occlusal reduction in teeth associated with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis and symptomatic apical periodontitis: a randomized clinical study. Int Endod J 2018; 52:288-296. [DOI: 10.1111/iej.13012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2017] [Accepted: 08/28/2018] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- R. S. Emara
- Department of Endodontics Faculty of Oral and Dental Medicine Cairo University Cairo Egypt
| | - H. M. Abou El Nasr
- Department of Endodontics Faculty of Oral and Dental Medicine Cairo University Cairo Egypt
| | - R. M. El Boghdadi
- Department of Endodontics Faculty of Oral and Dental Medicine Cairo University Cairo Egypt
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11
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Sun C, Sun J, Tan M, Hu B, Gao X, Song J. Pain after root canal treatment with different instruments: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Oral Dis 2018. [DOI: 10.1111/odi.12854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- C Sun
- College of Stomatology; Chongqing Medical University; Chongqing China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory for Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences; College of Stomatology; Chongqing Medical University; Chongqing China
- Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education; College of Stomatology; Chongqing Medical University; Chongqing China
| | - J Sun
- College of Stomatology; Chongqing Medical University; Chongqing China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory for Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences; College of Stomatology; Chongqing Medical University; Chongqing China
- Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education; College of Stomatology; Chongqing Medical University; Chongqing China
| | - M Tan
- College of Stomatology; Chongqing Medical University; Chongqing China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory for Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences; College of Stomatology; Chongqing Medical University; Chongqing China
- Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education; College of Stomatology; Chongqing Medical University; Chongqing China
| | - B Hu
- College of Stomatology; Chongqing Medical University; Chongqing China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory for Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences; College of Stomatology; Chongqing Medical University; Chongqing China
- Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education; College of Stomatology; Chongqing Medical University; Chongqing China
| | - X Gao
- College of Stomatology; Chongqing Medical University; Chongqing China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory for Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences; College of Stomatology; Chongqing Medical University; Chongqing China
- Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education; College of Stomatology; Chongqing Medical University; Chongqing China
| | - J Song
- College of Stomatology; Chongqing Medical University; Chongqing China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory for Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences; College of Stomatology; Chongqing Medical University; Chongqing China
- Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education; College of Stomatology; Chongqing Medical University; Chongqing China
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de Souza LC, Yadlapati M, Lopes HP, Silva R, Letra A, Elias CN. Physico-chemical and Biological Properties of a New Portland Cement-based Root Repair Material. Eur Endod J 2018; 3. [PMID: 32161854 PMCID: PMC7024724 DOI: 10.5152/eej.2017.17018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To propose bismuth carbonate, a radiopacifying agent, as a new endodontic root repair material that was added to Portland cement (PC) at 2 wt%, 5 wt%, 10 wt% and 15 wt%, and physicochemical and biological properties of each formulation were evaluated in comparison to MTA-Angelus. METHODS Mixed and powder samples were analysed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray power diffraction (XRD), and the semiquantitative constitution of the powder was determined by energy-dispersive spectrometer (EDS). Setting time was evaluated by Vicat needle and radiopacity analysed with digital X-ray. The pH of all tested materials was observed after immersion in water for 3, 24, 48, 72 and 168 h (or 7 days). Solubility and calcium release were measured after immersion in water for 24 h. A multiparametric assay XTT-NR-CVDE was used to evaluate the cytotoxicity of the materials in human periodontal ligament (HPDL) fibroblasts. HPDL fibroblasts were exposed to PC 15% and mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA), and the expression of proinflammatory cytokines (IL1A, IL6, IL8, TNF) and bone formation genes (ALP, COL1, RUNX2) was evaluated by real-time PCR. Mineralisation of HPDL fibroblasts cocultured with PC, PC 15% and MTA was evaluated with Von Kossa staining. RESULTS PC-based groups presented more irregular and larger particles than MTA. PC and MTA showed similarities as observed by XRD and EDS. Setting time of PC-based groups was increased with the addition of bismuth carbonate. All tested materials were alkaline, and pH tended to reduce over time. All cements had solubility lower than recommended, with no difference between them (P>0.05) and showed calcium release. PC 15% had similar radiopacity when compared with MTA (P>0.05). Cell viability was higher for the tested materials than the positive control (P<0.001), but there was no difference when they were compared with negative control (P>0.05). Gene expression levels were similar for all tested groups (P>0.05). Analysed cements had positive Von Kossa staining. CONCLUSION Overall, the addition of 15% of bismuth carbonate did not result in significant changes to its physicochemical and biological properties when compared with MTA, except for the setting time, and may be considered a potential substitute for MTA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Letícia Chaves de Souza
- Department of Materials Science, Military Institute of Engineering, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
- School of Dentistry, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, TX, USA
| | - Mamatha Yadlapati
- School of Dentistry, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, TX, USA
| | - Hélio Pereira Lopes
- Department of Endodontics, Estácio de Sá University, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Renato Silva
- School of Dentistry, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, TX, USA
| | - Ariadne Letra
- School of Dentistry, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, TX, USA
| | - Carlos Nelson Elias
- Department of Materials Science, Military Institute of Engineering, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
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The Effect of Root Canal Preparation Using Single Versus Multiple Endodontic Rotary Files on Post-operative Pain, a Randomised Clinical Trial. Eur Endod J 2017; 2:1-5. [PMID: 33403334 PMCID: PMC7757951 DOI: 10.14744/eej.2017.17018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2017] [Revised: 04/10/2017] [Accepted: 05/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: The purpose of this randomised clinical trial study was to compare the incidence and intensity of post-operative pain following the use of single-file and multi-file rotary instruments with continuous rotational motion for root canal preparation in asymptomatic permanent human teeth. Methods: A total of 105 healthy consenting patients who fulfilled specific inclusion criteria and had premolar or molar teeth diagnosed with asymptomatic irreversible pulpitis without periapical pathosis requiring endodontic treatment participated in this study. The patients were randomly allocated by stratification into five groups of 21 according to the instruments and systems used for root canal preparation: (a) Neoniti A1 (#25) single file, (b) RaCe #25/.06 single file, (c) Mtwo #25/.06 single file, (d) Easy RaCe, (e) and Mtwo multifile. Endodontic treatment was carried out in a single appointment. The severity of post-operative pain was assessed by numerical rating scale scores until complete pain relief was achieved. Analgesic consumption and the incidence of pain were also evaluated. Data were analysed by one-way ANOVA and Tukey HSD tests. Results: When comparing different instruments and systems for canal preparation, the analgesic consumption, incidence and intensity of post-operative pain did not differ (p>0.05). The highest levels of post-operative pain were experienced after 6 h in all groups. Conclusion: The post-operative pain did not differ between the single and multi-file root canal preparation techniques evaluated in this study.
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Choi DM, Kim JW, Park SH, Cho KM, Kwak SW, Kim HC. Vibrations Generated by Several Nickel-titanium Endodontic File Systems during Canal Shaping in an Ex Vivo Model. J Endod 2017; 43:1197-1200. [PMID: 28454634 DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2017.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2016] [Revised: 02/25/2017] [Accepted: 03/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION This study aimed to compare the vibration generated by several nickel-titanium (NiTi) file systems and transmitted to teeth under 2 different motions (continuous rotation motion and reciprocating motion). METHODS Sixty J-shaped resin blocks (Endo Training Bloc-J; Dentsply Maillefer, Ballaigues, Switzerland) were trimmed to a root-shaped form and divided into 2 groups according to the types of electric motors: WaveOne motor (WOM, Dentsply Maillefer) and X-Smart Plus motor (XSM, Dentsply Maillefer). Each group was further subdivided into 3 subgroups (n = 10 each) according to the designated file systems: ProTaper Next (PTN, Dentsply Maillefer), ProTaper Universal (PTU, Dentsply Maillefer), and WaveOne (WOP, Dentsply Maillefer) systems. Vibration was measured during the pecking motion using an accelerometer attached to a predetermined consistent position. The average vibration values were subjected to 2-way analysis of variance as well as the t test and Duncan test for post hoc comparison at the 95% confidence interval. RESULTS Both motor types and instrument types produced significantly different ranges of average vibrations. Regardless of the instrument types, the WOM group generated greater vibration than the XSM group (P < .05). Although PTN and PTU did not show significant differences, the WOP group showed significantly greater vibration than the other groups regardless of motor types (P < .05). CONCLUSIONS Under the limitations of this study design, the reciprocating NiTi file system may generate greater vibration than the continuous rotation NiTi file systems. The motor type also has a significant effect to amplify the vibrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Min Choi
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Gangeung-Wonju National University, Gangneung, Korea
| | - Jin-Woo Kim
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Gangeung-Wonju National University, Gangneung, Korea
| | - Se-Hee Park
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Gangeung-Wonju National University, Gangneung, Korea
| | - Kyung-Mo Cho
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Gangeung-Wonju National University, Gangneung, Korea
| | - Sang Won Kwak
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Dental Research Institute, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Korea
| | - Hyeon-Cheol Kim
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Dental Research Institute, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Korea.
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Çiçek E, Koçak MM, Koçak S, Sağlam BC, Türker SA. Postoperative pain intensity after using different instrumentation techniques: a randomized clinical study. J Appl Oral Sci 2017; 25:20-26. [PMID: 28198972 PMCID: PMC5289396 DOI: 10.1590/1678-77572016-0138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2016] [Accepted: 08/30/2016] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Postoperative pain is a frequent complication associated with root canal treatment, especially during apical instrumentation of tooth with preexisting periradicular inflammation
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Affiliation(s)
- Ersan Çiçek
- Bülent Ecevit University, Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Endodontics, Zonguldak, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Murat Koçak
- Bülent Ecevit University, Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Endodontics, Zonguldak, Turkey
| | - Sibel Koçak
- Bülent Ecevit University, Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Endodontics, Zonguldak, Turkey
| | - Baran Can Sağlam
- Bülent Ecevit University, Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Endodontics, Zonguldak, Turkey
| | - Sevinç Aktemur Türker
- Bülent Ecevit University, Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Endodontics, Zonguldak, Turkey
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Peters OA, de Azevedo Bahia MG, Pereira ESJ. Contemporary Root Canal Preparation: Innovations in Biomechanics. Dent Clin North Am 2017; 61:37-58. [PMID: 27912818 DOI: 10.1016/j.cden.2016.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Root canal preparation must serve the goals of supporting debridement while exerting the least amount of structural damage. Toward those goals, several recent trends for innovation are noted: some changes in instrument design, several of them substantial, whereas others are rather discrete. In vitro testing is ongoing and, because of the lack of consistent methodology, gives only some guidelines for clinical use. Lastly, clinical outcome data are lacking for many current instruments; therefore, it is not clear if improvements in flexibility and resistance to fatigue will translate to better outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ove Andreas Peters
- Department of Endodontics, University of the Pacific Arthur A. Dugoni School of Dentistry, 155 5th Street, San Francisco, CA, USA.
| | - Maria Guiomar de Azevedo Bahia
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
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17
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Mehrvarzfar P, Esnashari E, Salmanzadeh R, Fazlyab M, Fazlyab M. Effect of Dexamethasone Intraligamentary Injection on Post-Endodontic Pain in Patients with Symptomatic Irreversible Pulpitis: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial. IRANIAN ENDODONTIC JOURNAL 2016; 11:261-266. [PMID: 27790253 PMCID: PMC5069900 DOI: 10.22037/iej.2016.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: The aim of this randomized-controlled clinical trial was to assess the effect of intraligamentary (PDL) injection of dexamethasone on onset and severity of post-treatment pain in patients with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis. Methods and Materials: A total number of 60 volunteers were included according to the inclusion criteria and were assigned to three groups (n=20). After administration of local anesthesia and before treatment, group 1 (control) PDL injection was done with syringe containing empty cartridge, while in groups 2 and 3 the PDL injection was done with 0.2 mL of 2% lidocaine or dexamethasone (8 mg/2 mL), respectively. Immediately after endodontic treatment patients were requested to mark their level of pain on a visual analogue scale (VAS) during the next 48 h (on 6, 12, 24 and 48-h intervals). They were also asked to mention whether analgesics were taken and its dosage. Considering the 0-170 markings on the VAS ruler, the level of pain was scored as follows: score 0 (mild pain; 0-56), score 1 (moderate pain; 57-113) and score 3 (severe pain; 114-170). The data were analyzed using the Kruskal-Wallis and the Chi-square tests and the level of significance was set at 0.05. Results: After 6 and 12 h, group 1 and group 3 had the highest and lowest pain values, respectively (P<0.01 and P<0.001 for 6 and 12 h, respectively). However, after 24 and 48 h the difference in the pain was not significant between groups 1 and 2 (P<0.6) but group 3 had lower pain levels (P<0.01 and P<0.8 for 24 and 48 h, respectively). Conclusion: Pretreatment PDL injection of dexamethasone can significantly reduce the post-treatment endodontic pain in patients with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Payman Mehrvarzfar
- Department of Endodontics, Dental Branch, Islamic Azad University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ehsan Esnashari
- Department of Endodontics, Dental Branch, Islamic Azad University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Mahta Fazlyab
- Department of Endodontics, Dental Branch, Islamic Azad University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran;; Iranian Center for Endodontic Research, Research Institute of Dental Sciences, Dental School, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahyar Fazlyab
- Department of Electrical and Systems Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, USA
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18
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Saumya-Rajesh P, Krithikadatta J, Velmurugan N, Sooriaprakas C. Post-instrumentation pain after the use of either Mtwo or the SAF system: a randomized controlled clinical trial. Int Endod J 2016; 50:750-760. [DOI: 10.1111/iej.12702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2016] [Accepted: 09/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- P. Saumya-Rajesh
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics; Meenakshi Ammal Dental College and Hospital; Meenakshi University; Chennai Tamil Nadu India
| | - J. Krithikadatta
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics; Meenakshi Ammal Dental College and Hospital; Meenakshi University; Chennai Tamil Nadu India
| | - N. Velmurugan
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics; Meenakshi Ammal Dental College and Hospital; Meenakshi University; Chennai Tamil Nadu India
| | - C. Sooriaprakas
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics; Meenakshi Ammal Dental College and Hospital; Meenakshi University; Chennai Tamil Nadu India
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19
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Saini HR, Sangwan P, Sangwan A. Pain following foraminal enlargement in mandibular molars with necrosis and apical periodontitis: A randomized controlled trial. Int Endod J 2015; 49:1116-1123. [DOI: 10.1111/iej.12583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2015] [Accepted: 11/12/2015] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- H. R. Saini
- Postgraduate Institute of Dental Sciences (PGIDS); Rohtak India
| | - P. Sangwan
- Postgraduate Institute of Dental Sciences (PGIDS); Rohtak India
| | - A. Sangwan
- Postgraduate Institute of Dental Sciences (PGIDS); Rohtak India
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20
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Wong AWY, Zhang S, Li SKY, Zhu X, Zhang C, Chu CH. Incidence of post-obturation pain after single-visit versus multiple-visit non-surgical endodontic treatments. BMC Oral Health 2015; 15:96. [PMID: 26272704 PMCID: PMC4536791 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-015-0082-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2015] [Accepted: 08/07/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Post-obturation pain is frustrating to both patients and dentists. Its incidence may change with the use of contemporary endodontic techniques. This randomised clinical trial aims to compare the incidence of post-obturation pain at one and seven days after single-visit and multiple-visit non-surgical endodontic treatments. METHODS Patients who required primary endodontic treatment in the two clinical trial centres in Hong Kong (HK) and in Beijing (PK) were recruited. Three HK dentists and three PK dentists performed endodontic treatments on 567 teeth using the same procedures and materials, either in a single visit or over multiple visits, using either core carrier or cold lateral condensation for obturation. RESULTS The attrition rate was 5.1%, and a total of 538 teeth were evaluated. Among these teeth, 232 (43%) were operated in HK, 275 (51%) were treated in a single visit, and 234 (43%) were treated using core carrier obturation. Logistic regression analysis showed that teeth with apical periodontitis (OR = 0.35, 95% CI = 0.21-0.57, p < 0.01) and less pre-operative pain (OR = 1.10, 95% CI = 1.03-1.18, p < 0.01) had lower incidences of post-obturation pain after one day. The incidences of post-obturation pain after one day for single-visit and multiple-visit treatments were 24.7% (68 of 275) and 33.5% (88 of 263), respectively (p = 0.50). The incidences of post-obturation pain after seven days for single-visit and multiple-visit treatments were 4.0% (11 of 275) and 5.3% (14 of 263), respectively (p = 0.47). CONCLUSIONS There was no significant difference in the incidences of post-obturation pain after one day and seven days with single-visit or multiple-visit endodontic treatments. TRIAL REGISTRATION ChiCTR-IOR-15005989.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy Wai-Yee Wong
- Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Shinan Zhang
- Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
| | | | - Xiaofei Zhu
- VIP Dental Service & Geriatric Dentistry, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Peking University, Beijing, China.
| | - Chengfei Zhang
- Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Chun-Hung Chu
- Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
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